CN113200950A - 一类千金子二萜衍生物及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于有机化学领域,具体涉及一类具有高MDR逆转活性的千金子二萜衍生物及其应用。本发明从大戟植物千金子中提取得到新的千金子二萜衍生物,并对这些化合物进行结构改造,设计并合成了系列化合物,在MCF‑7/ADR细胞内逆转活性优于维拉帕米。其中,化合物29的逆转倍数高达911.94。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于有机化学领域,具体涉及一类千金子二萜衍生物及其应用。
背景技术
多药耐药(MDR)是指对一种药物耐药的同时,伴有对其他结构和功能无关的药物也产生耐药的现象;MDR是恶性肿瘤化疗失败的主要原因之一。导致MDR发生的主要机制之一为P-gp的过表达。P-gp作为一个能量依赖的外排泵,可减少细胞内抗癌药物的积累,从而降低药物的疗效。因此,能够抑制P-gp活性的化合物可能具有逆转MDR的潜力。
在众多化合物中,大戟因子L1-L11被发现具有抗肿瘤、抗病毒、抗炎等活性,被视为P-gp介导的MDR的最有希望的逆转剂。但已公开的大戟因子及其衍生物,逆转效果并不显著。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一类具有高MDR逆转活性的千金子二萜衍生物及其应用。
为实现上述发明目的,本发明所采用的技术方案是:一类千金子二萜衍生物,结构通式为:
其中,R1为H或p-nitrobenzoyl或benzoyl,
R2为p-nitrobenzoyl或Ac或2-thiophenecarbonyl,
R3为p-nitrobenzoyl或benzoyl或2-thiophenecarbonyl,
R4为H或Br。
优选的,R1=H,R2=R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
优选的,R1=R2=R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
优选的,R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=H。
优选的,R1=H,R2=R3=2-thiophenecarbonyl,R4=H。
优选的,R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=Br。
相应的,所述千金子二萜衍生物在药物领域的应用。
优选的,在逆转MDR上的应用。
本发明具有以下有益效果:本发明从千金子中提取到了4种化合物:对大戟因子化合物18、38、39、41。并对这四种化合物进行结构改造,设计并合成了化合物1~17,19~37、40,共37个衍生化合物,经核磁共振氢谱、质谱、x-ray单晶衍射等方法确定其结构,再对其进行药理活性研究,为寻找多药耐药逆转剂提供了有益的参考。
本发明得到了25个在MCF-7/ADR细胞内逆转活性优于维拉帕米的二萜化合物,且化合物17、29的逆转倍数分别为460.32、911.94,分别是VRP的229倍、454倍,远高于目前已知的此类化合物。
附图说明
图1为化合物8、化合物31分别在MCF-7/ADR细胞内的罗丹明积累变化示意图;
图2为MCF-7/ADR在化合物17、29、38不同浓度下处理2h后DOX积累,用Image J软件分析得到的荧光数据柱状图;
图3为化合物8、17、29、31和38P-gp表达的western blot实验结果示意图。
具体实施方式
本发明从大戟植物千金子中提取得到化合物18、38、39、41,并分别对这些化合物进行结构改造,设计并合成了化合物1~17、19~37、40。经核磁共振氢谱、质谱、x-ray单晶衍射等方法确定上述41个化合物的结构,再对其进行药理活性研究,最终筛选得到25个在MCF-7/ADR细胞内逆转活性优于维拉帕米的二萜化合物。其中,化合物17、29、38的逆转倍数分别为460.32、911.94、438.69。
化合物1~41的结构式如下所示:
其中,化合物1~25、30、31的各R基分别对应如下:
化合物1:R1=R2=R3=R4=H。
化合物2:R1=R2=H,R3=Ac,R4=H。
化合物3:R1=R2=H,R3=p-chlorophenyl,R4=H。
化合物4:R1=R2=H,R3=m-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
化合物5:R1=R2=H,R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
化合物6:R1=R2=H,R3=p-Tolylaceyl,R4=H。
化合物7:R1=R2=H,R3=cinnamoyl,R4=H。
化合物8:R1=R2=H,R3=1-naphthylacetyl,R4=H。
化合物9:R1=benzoyl,R2=R3=H,R4=H。
化合物10:R1=R2=H,R3=2-naphthoyl,R4=H。
化合物11:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=H,R4=H。
化合物12:R1=R3=m-nitrobenzoyl,R2=H,R4=H。
化合物13:R1=H,R2=R3=furoyl,R4=H。
化合物14:R1=H,R2=R3=m-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
化合物15:R1=H,R2=R3=cinnamoyl,R4=H。
化合物16:R1=H,R2=R3=benzoyl,R4=H。
化合物17:R1=H,R2=R3=p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl,R4=H。
化合物18:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=R4=Ac。
化合物19:R1=R2=R3=p-Toluoyl,R4=H。
化合物20:R1=R2=R3=m-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
化合物21:R1=R2=R3=benzoyl,R4=H。
化合物22:R1=R2=R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
化合物23:R1=R2=R3=p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl,R4=H。
化合物24:R1=R2=R3=Ac,R4=H。
化合物25:R2=R3=benzoyl,R1=Ac,R4=H。
其中,化合物26~29、34的各R基分别对应如下:
化合物26:R1=H,R2=R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
化合物27:R1=R2=R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
化合物28:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=H。
化合物29:R1=H,R2=R3=2-thiophenecarbonyl,R4=H。
化合物34:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=Br。
其中,化合物30、31的各R基分别对应如下:
化合物30:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=R5=Ac,R4=R5=H。
化合物31:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=R5=H。
其中,化合物32、33的各R基分别对应如下:
化合物32:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=R4=R5=Ac。
化合物33:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=R5=propionyl。
化合物35的各R基分别为:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=R4=Ac。
化合物36的各R基分别为:R1=phenylacetyl,R2=R3=Ac。
化合物37:R1=H。化合物38:R1=benzoyl。
化合物39:R1=cinamoyl,R2=R3=Ac。化合物40:R1=R2=R3=H。
化合物41:R1=phenylacetyl,R2=R3=Ac。
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。若未特别指明,实施例中所用的技术手段为本领域技术人员所熟知的常规手段。
实施例一:化合物1~41的制备和测定
1、化合物1、37、40的制备。在1%(m/v)NaOH/MeOH溶液体系中,分别以化合物18、38、39作为原料(化合物18对应化合物1,以此类推),常温反应24h。反应后,用乙酸乙酯萃取,浓缩,色谱柱分离(石油醚与乙酸乙酯混合溶液洗脱),得到目标产物。化合物1、37、40的核磁共振数据分别如下所示。
化合物1:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+373;mp 226-228℃;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.29(d,J=11.6Hz,1H,H-12),5.07(s,1H,H-17α),4.96(d,J=8.5Hz,1H,H-7),4.81(s,1H,17β),4.68(s,1H,OH-15),4.44(s,1H,H-5),4.37(s,1H,H-3),4.32(s,2H,OH-5,OH-7),4.06(s,1H,OH-3),3.07(dd,J=13.2,8.8Hz,1H,H-1α),2.21(dd,J=8.4,3.3Hz,1H,H-4),1.96–1.85(m,2H,H-2,H-8α),1.69–1.61(m,4H,H-1β,H-20),1.45(dd,J=11.6,8.4Hz,1H,H-11),1.31–1.25(m,2H,H-8β,H-9),1.16(s,3H,H-19),1.12(s,3H,H-18),1.07(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).
化合物37:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+357;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.87(d,J=12.4Hz,1H,H-12),4.40(s,1H,OH-15),3.98-3.95(m,1H,H-3),3.83(d,J=4.9Hz,1H,OH-3),3.44(d,J=9.5Hz,1H,H-5),3.15(dd,J=12.3,7.3Hz,1H,H-1α),2.02–1.98(m,1H,H-2),1.97-1.95(m,1H,H-7α),1.80(d,J=1.0Hz,3H,H-20),1.76-1.70(m,1H,H-1β),1.67–1.64(m,1H,H-4),1.63-1.61(m,1H,H-11),1.49–1.41(m,1H,H-7β),1.28(dd,J=9.6,3.3Hz,2H,H-8α,H-8β),1.24-1.22(m,1H,H-9),1.20(s,3H,H-18),1.13(s,3H,H-17),1.09(s,3H,H-19),1.05(d,J=6.5Hz,3H,H-16).
化合物40:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+357;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.45(d,J=12.9Hz,1H,H-12),5.88(d,J=10.9Hz,1H,H-5),4.10(s,1H,OH-15),4.04(d,J=5.2Hz,1H,OH-3),3.94–3.86(m,1H,H-3,H-17α),3.52(dd,J=12.0,6.8Hz,1H,H-17β),3.39(dd,J=6.8,4.2Hz,1H,OH-17),3.31(dd,J=13.5,9.0Hz,1H,H-1α),2.35(dd,J=10.9,3.2Hz,1H,H-4),2.31–2.26(m,1H,H-9),2.22-2.18(m,1H,H-7α),1.91-1.84(m,1H,H-2),1.76(d,J=1.0Hz,3H,H-20),1.62–1.53(m,1H,H-7β),1.52–1.47(m,1H,H-8α),1.44(dd,J=9.3,7.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.29(s,1H,H-8β),1.17(s,3H,H-19),1.15-1.09(m,1H,H-11),1.07(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16),1.05(s,3H,H-18).
2、化合物2、24的制备方法:在DCM、BF3·Et2O体系中,使用化合物1与乙酸酐反应得到目标产物。制备方法为:在氩气保护下,往冰浴的CH2Cl2(5mL)溶液中依次加入化合物1(76mg,0.22mmol)、乙酸酐(21uL,0.22mmol),BF3·Et2O(3uL,0.026mmol)。随后,将反应混合物加热至室温,搅拌10分钟,反应完毕后用CH2Cl2稀释反应液,加入饱和NaHCO3中和反应液。反应液用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并有机层并减压蒸发。最后柱层析法分离得到化合物2(产率58%,石油醚/乙酸乙酯=4:1)和化合物24(产率30%,石油醚/乙酸乙酯=15:1)。化合物2、24的核磁共振数据分别如下所示。
化合物2:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+415;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.33(d,J=10.3Hz,1H,H-12),5.13(s,1H,H-17α),5.05(s,1H,H-17β),4.97(s,1H,H-7),4.68(s,1H,OH-15),4.49(s,2H,H-5,OH-5),4.25(s,2H,H-3,OH-3),2.75(dd,J=13.5,8.8Hz,1H,H-1α),2.36(s,1H,H-4),2.00–1.92(m,1H,H-2),1.92–1.82(m,4H,H-8α,H-20),1.68(dd,J=13.3,11.3Hz,1H,H-1β),1.58–1.42(m,2H,H-8β,H-11),1.30–1.22(m,1H,H-9),1.15(s,3H,H-19),1.13(s,3H,H-18),1.05(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).7-OAc:2.04(s,3H).
化合物24:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+499;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.32(d,J=11.3Hz,1H,H-12),6.08(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,H-5),5.48(t,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-3),5.29(s,1H,H-17α),5.21(dd,J=8.4,3.0Hz,1H,H-7),5.08(s,1H,H-17β),4.49(s,1H,OH-15),3.01(dd,J=13.5,8.8Hz,1H,H-1α),2.72(dd,J=9.0,3.6Hz,1H,H-4),2.29-2.21(m,1H,H-2),2.12(dd,J=9.3,5.8Hz,1H,H-8α),1.96–1.91(m,1H,H-8β),1.72(d,J=1.0Hz,3H,H-20),1.64(dd,J=13.6,11.4Hz,1H,H-1β),1.55(dd,J=11.5,8.5Hz,1H,H-11),1.38-1.31(m,1H,H-9),1.17(s,3H,H-19),1.16(s,3H,H-18),0.93(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).3-OAc:2.03(s,3H).5-OAc:1.94(s,3H).7-OAc:1.88(s,3H).
3、化合物3~8、10的制备方法:在EDCI、DMAP、DCM体系中,底物化合物1与相应的酸反应得到目标产物。制备方法为:在0℃的CH2Cl2(5mL)溶液中,依次加入化合物1(70mg,0.2mmol)、4-氯苯乙酸(39mg,0.23mmol)、EDCI(44mg,0.23mmol)和DMAP(4mg,0.23mmol)。将混合物在室温下搅拌6h。反应完毕后加水,乙酸乙酯萃取反应液三次,合并有机层并用无水Na2SO4干燥,减压蒸发,柱层析(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8:1)纯化得到化合物3,为白色无定形固体(产率46%)。其他条件相同,将4-氯苯乙酸改为间硝基苯甲酸,制备得化合物4,将4-氯苯乙酸改为对硝基苯甲酸,制备得化合物5,将4-氯苯乙酸改为对甲基苯乙酸,制备得化合物6,将4-氯苯乙酸改为肉桂酸,制备得化合物7,将4-氯苯乙酸改为1-萘乙酸,制备得化合物8,将4-氯苯乙酸改为2-萘甲酸,制备得化合物10。
化合物3:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+525;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.40(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,H-12),5.11(s,1H,H-17α),5.05–5.00(m,1H,H-7),4.99(s,1H,H-17β),4.67(s,1H,OH-15),4.52(s,1H,H-5),4.47(d,J=4.8Hz,1H,OH-5),4.25(s,1H,H-3),4.23(s,1H,OH-3),2.77(dd,J=13.6,8.6Hz,1H,H-1α),2.36(t,J=3.5Hz,1H,H-4),2.00-1.93(m,1H,H-2),1.93–1.88(m,1H,H-8α),1.86(s,3H,H-20),1.69(dd,J=13.6,11.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.63–1.53(m,1H,H-8β),1.47(dd,J=10.5,8.9Hz,1H,H-11),1.23–1.17(m,1H,H-9),1.15(s,3H,H-19),1.13(s,3H,H-18),1.06(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).7-4-Chlorophenylacetyl:7.41–7.32(m,4H),3.76(s,2H).
化合物4:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+522;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.63(d,J=10.5Hz,1H,H-12),5.36(t,J=5.5Hz,1H,H-7),5.19(s,2H,H-17α,H-17β),4.71(s,1H,OH-15),4.68(d,J=4.8Hz,1H,H-5),4.52(d,J=6.0Hz,1H,H-3),4.35–4.30(m,1H,OH-3),4.24(d,J=3.7Hz,1H,OH-5),2.86–2.81(m,1H,H-1α),2.46(t,J=4.0Hz,1H,H-4),2.23-2.16(m,1H,H-8α),1.96(s,1H,H-2),1.90(s,3H,H-20),1.87–1.77(m,1H,H-8β),1.72(dd,J=13.5,11.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.56(dd,J=10.7,8.8Hz,1H,H-11),1.40(qd,J=8.7,4.3Hz,1H,H-9),1.20(s,3H,H-19),1.16(s,3H,H-18),1.08(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).7-m-nitrobenzoyl:8.87–8.82(m,1H),8.51(d,J=8.6Hz,2H),7.86(t,J=8.0Hz,1H).
化合物5:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+522;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.62(d,J=10.5Hz,1H,H-12),5.35(t,J=5.5Hz,1H,H-7),5.18(s,2H,H-17α,H-17β),4.70(s,1H,OH-15),4.67(d,J=4.8Hz,1H,H-5),4.49(d,J=6.0Hz,1H,H-3),4.35–4.30(m,1H,OH-3),4.23(d,J=3.7Hz,1H,OH-5),2.86–2.81(m,1H,H-1α),2.46(t,J=4.0Hz,1H,H-4),2.20-2.12(m,1H,H-8α),2.02-1.98(m,1H,H-2),1.90(s,3H,H-20),1.86–1.78(m,1H,H-8β),1.72(dd,J=13.5,11.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.56(dd,J=10.7,8.8Hz,1H,H-11),1.42-1.36(m,1H,H-9),1.20(s,3H,H-19),1.16(s,3H,H-18),1.08(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).7-p-nitrobenzoyl:8.42–8.33(m,4H).
化合物6:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+505;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.32(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,H-12),5.10(s,1H,H-17α),5.02–4.98(m,1H,H-7),4.97(s,1H,H-17β),4.67(s,1H,OH-15),4.45(s,1H,OH-15),4.49(s,1H,H-5),4.24(s,2H,H-3,OH-3),2.76(dd,J=13.6,8.7Hz,1H,H-1α),2.36(t,J=3.4Hz,1H,H-4),2.01–1.92(m,1H,H-2),1.90–1.83(m,4H,H-8α,H-20),1.68(dd,J=13.6,11.0Hz,1H,H-1β),1.58–1.49(m,1H,H-8β),1.46(dd,J=10.5,8.9Hz,1H,H-11),1.23-1.18(m,1H,H-9),1.15(s,1H,H-19),1.12(s,1H,H-18),1.06(d,J=6.8Hz,1H,H-16).7-p-Tolyacetyl:7.20(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.16–7.09(t,J=7.4Hz,2H),3.68(s,2H),2.30(s,3H).
化合物7:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+503;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.27(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,H-12),5.19(s,1H,H-17α),5.12(br s,1H,H-7),5.10(s,1H,H-17β),4.70(s,1H,OH-15),4.60(d,J=5.0Hz,1H,OH-5),4.53(s,1H,H-5),4.31-4.29(m,1H,OH-3),4.26(d,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-3),2.82–2.73(m,1H,H-1α),2.46(t,J=3.1Hz,1H,H-4),2.01-1.97(m,1H,H-2),1.95(s,1H,H-8α),1.94(s,3H,H-20),1.71(dd,J=13.7,10.9Hz,1H,H-1β),1.60(dd,J=12.8,2.5Hz,1H,H-8β),1.56–1.48(m,1H,H-11),1.35–1.27(m,1H,H-9),1.18(s,3H,H-19),1.14(s,3H,H-18),1.08(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).7-O-cinnamoyl:7.75(d,J=16.2Hz,1H),7.73–7.68(m,2H),7.46–7.42(m,3H),6.65(d,J=16.0Hz,1H).
化合物8:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+541;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.26(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,C-12),5.10(s,1H,H-17α),4.99(d,J=3.4Hz,1H,H-7),4.97(s,1H,H-17β),4.64(s,1H,OH-15),4.22(br s,3H,H-3,H-5,OH-5),4.17(d,J=3.5Hz,1H,OH-3),2.73(dd,J=13.6,8.7Hz,1H,H-1α),2.35(s,1H,H-4),1.96(s,1H,H-2),1.84(s,3H,H-20),1.83–1.75(m,1H,H-8α),1.67(dd,J=13.6,11.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.53–1.43(m,1H,H-8β),1.41–1.34(m,1H,H-11),1.29(s,1H,H-9),1.12(s,3H,H-19),1.06(s,3H,H-18),1.04(d,J=6.6Hz,3H,H-16).7-O-(1-naphthylacetyl):8.08(d,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.94(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.87(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.52(qd,J=15.1,6.9Hz,4H),4.46(s,2H).
化合物10:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+527;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.38(d,J=10.3Hz,1H,H-12),5.34-5.31(m,1H,H-7),5.23(s,1H,H-17α),5.20(s,1H,H-17β),4.73(s,1H,OH-15),4.64(s,1H,H-5),4.35(dd,J=7.3,3.7Hz,1H,H-3),4.29(d,J=3.8Hz,1H,OH-3),2.85–2.78(m,1H,H-1α),2.54(s,1H,H-4),2.20-2.14(m,1H,H-2),1.98(s,3H,H-20),1.78–1.67(m,2H,H-8α,H-11),1.57(dd,J=10.4,9.0Hz,1H,H-1β),1.43-1.36(m,1H,H-8β),1.29(s,1H,H-9),1.22(s,3H,H-19),1.16(s,3H,H-18),1.10(d,J=6.8Hz,1H,H-16).7-O-(2-naphthoyl):8.76(s,1H),8.19–8.07(m,2H),8.05–7.99(m,2H),7.74–7.51(m,2H).
4、所述的化合物9、11~17、19~23、26~27和29的制备方法:在DMAP、Et3N体系中,底物化合物1与相应的酰氯、酸酐反应得到目标产物。化合物9和化合物21的制备方法:在冰浴下的CH2Cl2(10mL)溶液中依次加入化合物1(170mg,0.49mmol)、DMAP(7mg,0.06mmol)、Et3N(204μL,1.47mmol)和苯甲酰氯(226μL,1.96mmol)。将反应逐渐升温至室温,搅拌24h,反应完毕后柱层析进一步纯化,得到化合物9(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8:1,产率19%)和化合物21(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=12:1,产率31%),均为白色无定形固体。
参照化合物9的制备方法,其他条件相同的情况下,将苯甲酰氯替换为对甲基苯甲酰氯,反应得化合物19,将苯甲酰氯替换为间硝基苯甲酰氯,反应得化合物20,将苯甲酰氯替换为对硝基苯甲酰氯,反应同时得化合物22、化合物26和化合物27,将苯甲酰氯替换为对三氟甲基苯甲酰氯,反应得化合物23,将苯甲酰氯替换为噻吩甲酰氯,反应得化合物29。
化合物12和化合物14的制备方法为:在冰浴下的CH2Cl2(10mL)溶液中,依次加入化合物1(140mg,0.49mmol)、DMAP(7mg,0.06mmol)、Et3N(204μL,1.47mmol)和间硝基苯甲酰酐(113μL,0.98mmol)。反应液逐步升温至室温,搅拌反应12h,反应完毕后柱层析进一步纯化得到化合物12(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=8:1,产率14%)和化合物14(石油醚/乙酸乙酯=12:1,产率13%)。
参照化合物12的制备方法,其他条件相同的情况下,将间硝基苯甲酰酐替换为苯甲酸酐,反应得化合物11和化合物16,将间硝基苯甲酰酐替换为呋喃甲酰氯,反应得化合物13,将间硝基苯甲酰酐替换为肉桂酰氯,反应得化合物15,将间硝基苯甲酰酐替换为对三氟甲基苯甲酰氯,反应得化合物17。
化合物9:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+477;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.37(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,H-12),5.26(dd,J=6.8,3.1Hz,1H,H-7),5.21(s,1H,H-17α),5.14(s,1H,H-17β),4.71(s,1H,OH-15),4.60(br s,2H,H-5,OH-5),4.33(dd,J=7.4,3.6Hz,1H,H-3),4.27(d,J=3.8Hz,1H,OH-7),2.83–2.77(m,1H,H-1α),2.52–2.47(m,1H,H-4),2.14-2.07(m,1H,H-2),1.97-1.95(m,4H,H-8α,H-20),1.73(dd,J=9.5,7.0Hz,1H,H-1β),1.70–1.63(m,1H,H-8β),1.55(dd,J=10.4,8.9Hz,1H,H-11),1.38-1.32(m,1H,H-9),1.21(s,3H,H-19),1.15(s,3H,H-18),1.09(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.12(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.66(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.54(t,J=7.7Hz,1H).
化合物11:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+581;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.44(d,J=10.0Hz,1H,H-12),5.86(t,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-3),5.25(dd,J=6.3,4.1Hz,1H,H-7),5.22(s,1H,H-17α),5.13(s,1H,H-17β),5.08(s,1H,OH-15),4.45(s,1H,OH-5),3.17(d,J=3.2Hz,1H,H-5),2.95(dd,J=14.2,9.0Hz,1H,H-1α),2.49(s,1H,H-4),2.09(dd,J=7.1,3.4Hz,1H,H-2),2.04(s,3H,H-20),1.88(dd,J=14.1,10.9Hz,1H,H-1β),1.69–1.60(m,1H,H-8α),1.56(dd,J=10.3,8.9Hz,1H,H-11),1.40-1.33(m,1H,H-8β),1.29(s,1H,H-9),1.21(s,3H,H-19),1.16(s,3H,H-18),1.04(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.14(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.67–7.56(m,1H),7.52(t,J=7.6Hz,2H).7-O-benzoyl:8.04(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.67–7.56(m,1H),7.40(t,J=7.7Hz,2H).
化合物12:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+671;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.79(br s,1H,H-12),5.87(t,J=3.5Hz,1H,H-3),5.36(t,J=5.7Hz,1H,H-7),5.30(s,1H,H-17α),5.20(s,1H,H-17β),5.08(s,1H,OH-15),4.58(t,J=5.0Hz,1H,OH-5),3.28(t,J=4.8Hz,1H,H-5),3.02(dd,J=13.9,8.9Hz,1H,H-1α),2.53-2.46(m,1H,H-4),2.21-2.15(m,1H,H-2),1.97(s,3H,H-20),1.90(dd,J=13.9,11.2Hz,1H,H-1β),1.86–1.77(m,1H,H-8α),1.58(dd,J=10.7,8.7Hz,1H,H-11),1.46–1.38(m,1H,H-8β),1.29(s,H,H-9),1.22(s,3H,H-19),1.17(s,3H,H-18),1.05(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).3-m-nitrobenzoyl:8.88(t,J=4Hz,1H),8.50(d,J=1.9Hz,1H),8.41(dd,J=8.3,2.2Hz,1H),7.84(t,J=8.0Hz,1H).7-m-nitrobenzoyl:8.74–8.70(t,J=4Hz,1H),8.48–8.46(t,J=4Hz,1H),8.35(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.64(t,J=8.0Hz,1H).
化合物13:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+561;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.36(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,H-12),6.37(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,H-5),5.49(dd,J=8.4,2.9Hz,1H,H-7),5.44(s,1H,H-17α),5.20(s,1H,H-17β),4.84(s,1H,OH-15),4.23–4.19(m,1H,H-3),3.95(d,J=5.5Hz,1H,OH-3),3.10(dd,J=13.9,9.8Hz,1H,H-1α),2.65(dd,J=8.9,3.0Hz,1H,H-4),2.39-2.30(m,J=15.2,12.2,8.5Hz,1H,H-8α),2.18–2.06(m,2H,H-2,H-1β),1.78(s,3H,H-20),1.68–1.58(m,2H,H-8β,H-11),1.49–1.40(m,1H,H-9),1.25(s,3H,H-19),1.20(s,3H,H-18),1.07(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).5-O-furoyl:7.68(s,1H),7.04(d,J=3.4Hz,1H),6.49(dd,J=3.5,1.7Hz,1H).7-O-furoyl:7.51(s,1H),6.90(d,J=3.5Hz,1H),6.40(dd,J=3.5,1.7Hz,1H).
化合物14:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+671;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.51(t,J=8.0Hz,1H,H-12),6.63(d,J=9.8Hz,1H,H-5),5.68–5.58(m,2H,H-7,H-17α),5.39(s,1H,H-17β),4.85(s,1H,OH-15),4.21–4.14(br s,1H,H-3),3.85(d,J=5.8Hz,1H,3-OH),3.13(dd,J=12.7,10.9Hz,1H,H-1α),2.82–2.74(m,1H,H-4),2.55(dd,J=24.7,12.1Hz,1H,H-8α),2.32(d,J=17.0Hz,1H,H-8β),2.19–2.09(m,1H,H-2),1.77(s,3H,H-20),1.68(dd,J=11.3,2.5Hz,1H,H-11),1.62(dd,J=9.8,6.7Hz,1H,H-1β),1.56–1.45(m,1H,H-9),1.30(s,3H,H-19),1.23(s,3H,H-18),1.00(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).5-m-nitrobenzoyl:8.30(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),8.08(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.51(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7-m-nitrobenzoyl:8.19(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.13(d,J=10.4Hz,1H),8.01(d,J=8.8Hz,1H),7.44(t,J=8.0Hz,1H).
化合物15:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+633;mp 216-218℃;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.33(d,J=9.5Hz,1H,H-12),5.43(d,J=9.1Hz,1H,H-7),5.40(s,1H,H-17α),5.14(s,1H,H-17β),4.79(s,1H,OH-15),4.18(s,1H,H-5),4.03(d,J=4.8Hz,1H,H-3),3.12(dd,J=13.8,9.8Hz,1H,H-1α),2.82(s,OH-3),2.60(dd,J=9.5,2.7Hz,1H,H-4),2.34-2.24(m,1H,H-2),2.17–2.09(m,1H,H-8α),1.73(s,3H,H-20),1.66(dd,J=10.6,7.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.61(dd,J=8.3,5.3Hz,1H,H-8β),1.45-1.39(m,2H,H-9,H-11),1.24(s,3H,H-19),1.21(s,3H,H-18),1.08(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).5-O-cinnamoyl:7.69(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),7.36(t,J=7.7Hz,4H),7.27(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.54(d,J=16.0Hz,1H),7-O-cinnamoyl:7.56(d,J=11.1Hz,4H),7.14(t,J=7.6Hz,2H),6.28(d,J=16.1Hz,1H).
化合物16:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+581;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.28(d,J=11.1Hz,1H,H-12),6.38(d,J=8.1Hz,1H,H-5),5.52(dd,J=7.5,3.3Hz,1H,H-7),5.43(s,1H,H-17α),5.24(s,1H,H-17β),4.89(s,1H,OH-15),4.24-4.21(m,1H,H-3),3.88(d,J=6.0Hz,1H,OH-3),3.09(dd,J=14.0,9.9Hz,1H,H-1α),2.75(dd,J=8.1,2.9Hz,1H,H-4),2.41-2.32(m,1H,H-8α),2.22–2.10(m,2H,H-2,H-8β),1.84(s,3H,H-20),1.70–1.59(m,1H,H-1β,H-9),1.47-1.42(m,1H,H-11),1.28(s,3H,H-19),1.21(s,3H,H-18),1.07(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).5-O-benzoyl:7.88(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.50(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.35(t,J=7.7Hz,2H).7-O-benzoyl:7.72(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.40(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.16(t,J=7.8Hz,2H).
化合物17:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+717;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.50(s,1H,H-12),6.60(d,J=9.7Hz,1H,H-5),5.63–5.59(m,1H,H-7),5.59(s,1H,H-17α),5.34(s,1H,H-17β),4.85(s,1H,OH-15),4.22-4.18(m,1H,H-3),3.89(d,J=5.8Hz,1H,OH-3),3.23–3.10(m,1H,H-1α),2.75(dd,J=9.7,2.9Hz,1H,H-4),2.59–2.47(m,1H,H-8α),2.30–2.22(m,1H,H-8β),2.18-2.10(m,1H,H-2),1.78(s,3H,H-20),1.70–1.59(m,2H,H-1β,H-11),1.54–1.45(m,1H,H-9),1.29(s,3H,H-19),1.22(s,3H,H-18),1.02(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).5-O-p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl:7.92(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.78(d,J=8.1Hz,2H).7-O-p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl:7.57(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.42(d,J=8.2Hz,2H).
化合物19:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+727;mp 222-224℃;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.64(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,H-12),6.14(d,J=6.5Hz,1H,H-7),5.85(t,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-3),5.43(t,J=4.9Hz,1H,H-5),5.37(s,1H,H-17α),5.29(s,1H,H-17β),4.79(s,1H,OH-15),3.09(dd,J=6.2,3.7Hz,1H,H-4),2.99(dd,J=14.0,8.9Hz,1H,H-1α),2.55-2.47(m,1H,H-2),2.09-2.06(m,1H,H-8α),2.04(s,3H,H-20),1.81(dd,J=14.0,11.0Hz,1H,H-1β),1.68-1.62(m,1H,H-8β),1.52–1.44(m,1H,H-11),1.28(s,1H,H-9),1.26(s,3H,H-19),1.18(s,3H,H-18),0.96(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-p-Toluoyl:7.87(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.21(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.39(s,3H).5-O-p-Toluoyl:7.65(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.04(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.30(s,3H).7-O-p-Toluoyl:7.35(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),6.74(d,J=8.0Hz,2H),2.20(s,3H).
化合物20:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+820;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.37(dt,J=23.8,8.0Hz,1H,H-5).6.71(d,J=9.3Hz,1H,H-12),5.85(t,J=3.3Hz,1H,H-3),5.73(s,1H,H-17α),5.66(dd,J=8.8,2.1Hz,1H,H-7),5.59(s,1H,H-17β),5.34(s,1H,OH-15),3.23(dd,J=9.2,3.5Hz,1H,H-4),3.14(dd,J=13.6,8.7Hz,1H,H-1α),2.59–2.48(m,1H,H-2),2.44-2.38(m,1H,H-8α),2.30–2.21(m,1H,H-8β),1.89(s,3H,H-20),1.88–1.81(m,1H,H-1β),1.70(dd,J=11.5,8.6Hz,1H,H-11),1.59–1.50(m,1H,H-9),1.30(s,3H,H-19),1.23(s,3H,H-18),0.91(d,J=6.8Hz,3H,H-16).3-m-nitrobenzoyl:8.56(s,1H),8.46(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),8.27(d,J=7.8Hz,1H),7.90(s,1H).5-m-nitrobenzoyl:8.19(s,1H),8.08(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.94(d,J=7.8Hz,1H).7-m-nitrobenzoyl:7.77(t,J=8.0Hz,1H),7.70(d,J=7.7Hz,1H),7.37(dt,J=23.8,8.0Hz,2H).
化合物21:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+685;mp 192-194℃;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.75(d,J=10.6Hz,1H,H-12),6.23(d,J=6.4Hz,1H,H-5),5.89(t,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-3),5.48(t,J=5.0Hz,1H,H-7),5.42(s,1H,H-17α),5.34(s,1H,H-17β),4.89(s,1H,OH-15),3.13(dd,J=6.3,3.7Hz,1H,H-4),3.03(dd,J=13.9,8.9Hz,1H,H-1α),2.52(m,1H,H-2),2.16-2.09(m,2H,H-8α,H-8β),2.05(s,3H,H-20),1.85(dd,J=13.9,11.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.67(dd,J=10.8,8.9Hz,1H,H-11),1.51(m,1H,H-9),1.28(s,3H,H-19),1.20(s,3H,H-18),0.98(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.01(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.44(dt,J=15.6,7.7Hz,3H).5-O-benzoyl:7.79(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.31–7.21(m,3H).7-O-benzoyl:7.50(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.59(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),6.97(t,J=7.8Hz,2H).
化合物22:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+820;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.26(br s,1H,H-12),6.62(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,H-5),5.85(t,J=3.3Hz,1H,H-3),5.70(s,1H,H-17α),5.63(dd,J=8.3,2.6Hz,1H,H-7),5.56(s,1H,H-17β),5.23(s,1H,OH-15),3.21(dd,J=9.1,3.5Hz,1H,H-4),3.11(dd,J=13.6,8.7Hz,1H,H-1α),2.57-2.49(m,1H,H-2),2.42–2.29(m,1H,H-8α),2.27–2.18(m,1H,H-8β),1.91(s,3H,H-20),1.85(dd,J=13.6,11.6Hz,1H,H-1β),1.70(dd,J=11.5,8.6Hz,1H,H-11),1.58–1.49(m,1H,H-9),1.28(s,3H,H-19),1.22(s,3H,H-18),0.92(d,J=6.7Hz,1H,H-16).3-p-nitrobenzoyl:8.27(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),7.84(d,J=8.9Hz,2H).5-p-nitrobenzoyl:8.13(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),7.77(d,J=8.9Hz,2H).7-p-nitrobenzoyl:7.90(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.57(d,J=8.8Hz,2H).
化合物23:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+889;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.50(br s,1H,H-12),6.55(d,J=8.8Hz,1H,H-5),5.85(t,J=3.4Hz,1H,H-3),5.65(s,1H,H-17α),5.60(dd,J=8.0,2.9Hz,1H,H-7),5.52(s,1H,H-17β),5.15(s,1H,OH-15),3.19(dd,J=8.9,3.6Hz,1H,H-4),3.09(dd,J=13.7,8.7Hz,1H,H-1α),2.55-2.48(m,1H,H-2),2.39–2.27(m,1H,H-8α),2.21-2.15(m,1H,H-8β),1.93(s,3H,H-20),1.85(dd,J=13.6,11.5Hz,1H,H-1β),1.69(dd,J=11.4,8.6Hz,1H,H-11),1.59–1.49(m,1H,H-9),1.28(s,3H,H-19),1.21(s,3H,H-18),0.93(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl:7.79(d,J=8.3Hz,2H),7.43(d,J=8.3Hz,2H).5-O-p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl:7.74(d,J=8.2Hz,2H),7.32(d,J=8.3Hz,2H).7-O-p-(trifluoromethyl)benzoyl:8.10(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.53(d,J=8.2Hz,2H).
化合物26:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+671;1H NMR(600MHz,Acetone)δ6.12(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,H-5),5.72(dd,J=11.3,1.4Hz,1H,H-7),5.68(s,1H,H-17α),5.41(s,1H,H-17β),4.22(d,J=9.8Hz,1H,H-12),3.95(d,J=3.4Hz,1H,H-3),3.93-3.89(m,1H,OH-3),2.97(dd,J=11.1,3.4Hz,1H,H-4),2.64(dd,J=25.2,11.8Hz,1H,H-13),2.38(dd,J=9.8,7.2Hz,1H,H-2),2.24(dd,J=12.7,2.9Hz,1H,H-1α),1.98-1.93(m,1H,H-8α),1.89(dd,J=12.3,6.7Hz,1H,H-8β),1.73(t,J=12.7Hz,1H,H-1β),1.25(s,3H,H-18),1.16(d,J=7.2Hz,3H,H-20),1.14(s,3H,H-19),1.01(d,J=6.6Hz,3H,H-16),0.98-0.93(m,1H,H-9),0.88(d,J=9.2Hz,1H,H-11).5-p-nitrobenzoyl:8.10(d,J=8.9Hz,2H),8.01(d,J=8.8Hz,2H).7-p-nitrobenzoyl:7.93(d,J=8.8Hz,4H).
化合物27:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+820;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.33(d,J=11.1Hz,1H,H-5),5.73(d,J=12.8Hz,2H,H-17α,H-7),5.63(t,J=3.1Hz,1H,H-3),5.53(s,1H,H-17β),4.40(d,J=9.7Hz,1H,H-12),3.47(dd,J=11.0,3.7Hz,1H,H-4),2.74-2.65(m,1H,H-13),2.53-2.45(m,1H,H-2),2.38–2.30(m,1H,H-8α),2.27(dd,J=14.4,3.1Hz,1H,H-8β),2.19(dd,J=13.1,7.0Hz,1H,H-1α),1.81(t,J=13.1Hz,1H,H-1β),1.46(s,3H,H-20),1.37(s,1H,H-9),1.29(s,3H,H-19),1.20(s,3H,H-18),1.13–1.08(m,1H,H-11),0.93(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-p-nitrobenzoyl:8.42(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),8.36(d,J=8.8Hz,2H).5-p-nitrobenzoyl:7.93(t,J=8.5Hz,4H).7-p-nitrobenzoyl:8.12(d,J=8.8Hz,2H),7.81(d,J=8.8Hz,2H).
化合物29:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+593;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ5.96(d,J=10.9Hz,1H,H-5),5.63(d,J=10.0Hz,1H,H-7),5.57(s,1H,H-17α),5.28(s,1H,H-17β),4.19(d,J=9.8Hz,1H,H-12),4.10(d,J=2.2Hz,1H,OH-3),3.91–3.83(m,1H,H-3),2.87(dd,J=11.0,3.3Hz,1H,H-4),2.53(dd,J=25.0,11.5Hz,1H,H-13),2.39-2.32(m,J=14.3,7.2Hz,1H),2.13(d,J=16.0Hz,1H,H-1α),2.02–1.92(m,1H,H-2),1.88(dd,J=12.2,6.7Hz,1H,H-1β),1.73(t,J=12.7Hz,1H,H-8α),1.29(s,2H,H-8β,H-9),1.22(s,3H,H-19),1.15(d,J=7.2Hz,3H,H-20),1.13(s,3H,H-18),1.03(d,J=6.6Hz,3H,H-16),0.95–0.88(m,1H,H-11).5-O-thiophenecarbonyl:7.71(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.60(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),7.04–7.00(m,1H).7-O-thiophenecarbonyl:7.56(d,J=5.8Hz,1H),7.50(d,J=3.7Hz,1H),6.92–6.85(m,1H).
5、所述的化合物25的制备方法:在甲醇溶液中,底物化合物18、三氯化铟、苯甲酰氯摩尔比为1:1:1,反应得到目标产物。
化合物25:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+623;1H NMR(400MHz,CDCl3)δ5.99(d,J=10.1Hz,1H,H-12),5.83(t,J=3.5Hz,1H,H-3),5.47(d,J=4.6Hz,1H,H-5),5.30(s,1H,H-7),5.25(s,1H,H-17α),5.19(s,1H,H-17β),4.24(s,1H,OH-15),2.92–2.86(m,1H,H-4),2.82(dd,J=14.7,9.6Hz,1H,H-1α),2.60–2.47(m,1H,H-2),2.13(s,3H,H-20),2.09–1.98(m,1H,H-8α),1.86(dd,J=14.7,10.3Hz,1H,H-1β),1.76-1.66(m,1H,H-8β),1.46(dd,J=20.3,10.4Hz,1H,H-11),1.33-1.28(m,1H,H-9),1.21(s,3H,H-19),1.14(s,3H,H-18),1.07(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.14(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.60–7.56(m,1H),7.44(t,J=7.6Hz,2H).5-OAc:1.31(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:8.05(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.56–7.52(m,1H),7.44(t,J=7.6Hz,2H).
6、化合物28的制备方法:在甲醇溶液中,底物化合物18、三氯化铟、苯甲酰氯摩尔比为1:1:2,加热反应得到目标产物。
化合物28:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+623;mp 191-193℃;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.09(d,J=10.9Hz,1H,H-5),5.66(d,J=10.1Hz,1H,H-7),5.55(s,1H,H-17α),5.53(t,J=4Hz,1H,H-3),5.23(s,1H,H-17β),4.32(d,J=9.8Hz,1H,H-12),3.14(dd,J=11.0,3.7Hz,1H,H-4),2.81(s,1H,H-13),2.69-2.60(m,1H,H-1α),2.46-2.39(m,1H,H-2),2.29-2.21(m,1H,H-8α),2.15–2.06(m,1H,H-8β),1.71(t,J=13.0Hz,1H,H-1β),1.56(s,3H,H-20),1.29(s,1H,H-11),1.17(t,J=3.5Hz,6H,H-18,H-19),1.02–0.94(m,1H,H-9),0.91(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.12(d,J=8.4Hz,2H),7.65(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.38(t,J=7.8Hz,2H).5-OAc:1.41(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:7.84(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.57–7.48(m,3H).
7、所述的化合物30的制备方法:将原料化合物18(150mg,0.23mmol)溶解于20mL二氧六环溶剂中,加入过量NaBH4(0.5g),室温搅拌反应6h,加入适量冰终止反应,用2N H2SO4调节反应液至中性。乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并有机层浓缩并用柱层析法纯化,得化合物30(141mg,95%),为白色无定形固体。
化合物30:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+667;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ5.86(s,1H,H-5),5.79(dd,J=11.2,7.1Hz,2H,H-12,H-14),5.26(s,1H,H-17α),5.23(d,J=7.8Hz,1H,H-7),5.01(s,1H,H-17β),4.89(s,1H,OH-15),3.73(s,1H,H-3),2.50(dd,J=13.6,9.0Hz,1H,H-1α),2.45(d,J=2.6Hz,1H,H-4),2.38(m,1H,H-8α),1.98(s,3H,H-20),1.97–1.87(m,3H,H-1β,H-2,H-8β),1.87–1.79(m,1H,H-9),1.30–1.22(m,1H,H-11),1.20(s,3H,H-19),1.11(s,3H,H-18),1.02(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.18–8.12(m,2H),7.68(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.56(t,J=7.7Hz,2H).5-OAc:1.49(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:8.18–8.12(m,2H),7.62(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.51(t,J=7.6Hz,2H).14-OAc:2.09(s,3H).
8、所述的化合物31的制备方法:在氩气保护下,往冰浴的CH2Cl2(5mL)溶液中依次加入化合物30(142mg,0.22mmol)、乙酸酐(21uL,0.22mmol),BF3·Et2O(3uL,0.026mmol)。随后,将反应混合物加热至室温,搅拌10分钟,反应完毕后用CH2Cl2稀释反应液,加入饱和NaHCO3中和反应液。反应液用乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并有机层并减压蒸发。最后柱层析法分离得到化合物31(产率24%)。
化合物31:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+625.7132,found 623.2609;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ5.95(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,H-5),5.67(s,1H,H-12),5.53(dd,J=10.3,2.2Hz,1H,H-7),5.46–5.43(m,1H,H-3),5.42(s,1H,H-17α),5.36(s,1H,H-17β),5.06(s,1H,H-14),3.08(dd,J=11.2,3.9Hz,1H,H-4),2.48(dd,J=22.4,10.1Hz,1H,H-8α),2.21-2.16(m,1H,H-2),2.15–2.07(m,2H,H-1α,OH-15),2.02-1.97(m,2H,H-1β,H-8β),1.74(s,3H,H-20),1.30(s,3H,H-19),1.28(s,1H,OH-14),1.12(s,3H,H-18),0.87(d,J=6.2Hz,3H,H-16),0.82-0.77(m,2H,H-9,H-11).3-O-benzoyl:8.12(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.51(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),7.34(t,J=7.8Hz,1H).5-OAc:1.48(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:7.85(d,J=7.1Hz,2H),7.64(t,J=6.9Hz,1H),751(t,J=6.8Hz,1H),7.34(t,J=7.8Hz,1H).
9、所述的化合物32、33的制备方法:在DCM、TMSOTf体系中,底物化合物18与相应酸酐反应得到目标产物。具体制备方法为:在氮气保护下,化合物18(100mg,0.16mmol)溶解于冰浴的干燥CH2Cl2(10mL)溶液中,依次加入乙酸酐(151uL,1.6mmol),TMSOTf(一滴)。将反应混合物搅拌反应5分钟,反应完毕后用CH2Cl2稀释反应液,用饱和NaHCO3中和反应液。乙酸乙酯萃取三次,合并有机层,Na2SO4干燥,减压蒸发。最后柱层析纯化得到化合物32(18mg,产率18%)。其余条件相同,将乙酸酐替换为丙酸酐,反应得化合物33。
化合物32:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+725;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ5.85(t,J=7.7Hz,3H,H-3,H-7,H-11),5.72(t,J=9.5Hz,1H,H-12),5.61(d,J=7.2Hz,1H,H-5),5.24(s,1H,H-17α),5.15(s,1H,H-17β),4.00(s,1H,H-4),3.48(s,1H,OH-15),2.49(dd,J=14.3,5.8Hz,1H,H-1α),2.39(dd,J=12.3,2.5Hz,1H,H-1β),2.32-2.27(m,1H,H-2),2.15–2.06(m,2H,H-8α,H-10),1.89(dd,J=15.6,9.5Hz,1H,H-8β),1.82(s,3H,H-20),1.22(s,3H,H-19),1.17(s,3H,H-18),0.98(d,J=6.2Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.07(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.65(dd,J=15.3,7.6Hz,1H),7.53(td,J=7.7,2.0Hz,2H).5-OAc:1.95(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:8.07(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.65(dd,J=15.3,7.6Hz,1H),7.53(td,J=7.7,2.0Hz,2H).12-OAc:1.28(s,3H).14-OAc:2.16(s,3H).
化合物33:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+753;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ5.93–5.81(m,3H,H-3,H-7,H-11),5.73(t,J=9.5Hz,1H,H-12),5.62(d,J=7.3Hz,1H,H-5),5.24(s,1H,H-17α),5.15(s,1H,H-17β),4.00(s,1H,H-4),3.47(s,1H,OH-15),2.52-2.46(m,1H,H-1α),2.39(dd,J=12.2,2.4Hz,1H,H-1β),2.35–2.29(m,1H,H-2),2.19–2.09(m,2H,H-8α,H-10),1.89(dd,J=16.4,9.8Hz,1H,H-8β),1.83(s,3H,H-20),1.22(s,3H,H-19),1.17(t,7.6Hz,3H,H-18),0.98(d,J=6.2Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.07(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.65(dd,J=15.3,7.6Hz,1H),7.53(m,2H).5-OAc:1.95(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:8.07(d,J=8.1Hz,2H),7.65(dd,J=15.3,7.6Hz,1H),7.53(m,2H).12-O-propionyl:2.48(m,2H),1.17(t,7.6Hz,3H).14-O-propionyl:1.06(t,J=7.6Hz,3H),2.26(dd,J=15.1,7.5Hz,2H).
10、所述的化合物34的制备方法:在DCM溶液中,底物化合物25、溴化铜、乙酸酐摩尔比为1:1:10,常温反应得到目标产物。在氮气保护下,将化合物25(96mg,0.16mmol)溶解于冰浴的干燥CH2Cl2(10mL)溶剂中,依次加入乙酸酐(151uL,1.6mmol),CuBr(36mg,0.16mmol)。室温搅拌反应12h,反应完毕后加水淬灭反应,乙酸乙酯萃取反应液三次,合并有机层,Na2SO4干燥,减压蒸发。最后柱层析纯化得到化合物38(22mg,石油醚/乙酸乙酯=25:1),无色晶体,产率为20%。
化合物34:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+701;mp 213-215℃;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.84(s,1H,H-5),6.31(d,J=10.8Hz,1H,H-12),5.83–5.76(m,1H,H-17α),5.71(d,J=4.2Hz,1H,H-17β),5.03(s,1H,H-7),4.93(s,1H,H-3),3.70(dd,J=11.2,5.0Hz,1H,H-4),2.98–2.88(m,1H,H-1α),2.80–2.71(m,1H,H-8α),2.24–2.15(m,1H,H-2),2.14–2.07(m,1H,H-1β),1.90(s,3H,H-19),1.88(s,3H,H-18),1.85–1.82(m,1H,H-8β),1.67(s,3H,H-20),1.19(s,1H,H-9),0.99-0.89(m,1H,H-11),0.86(d,J=6.2Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.12(d,J=7.4Hz,2H),7.54(dd,J=16.4,8.2Hz,2H),7.37(t,J=7.7Hz,1H).5-OAc:1.29(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:7.96(d,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.66(t,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.54(dd,J=16.4,8.2Hz,1H),7.37(t,J=7.7Hz,1H).
11、所述的化合物35的制备方法:在DCM溶液中,底物化合物18、TMSOTf、乙酸酐摩尔比为10:1:1,反应得到目标产物。
化合物35:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+681;1H NMR(600MHz,Acetone)δ7.43(s,1H,H-12),5.78(t,J=3.7Hz,1H,H-3),5.62(d,J=11.7Hz,1H,H-5),5.41(s,1H,H-17α),5.32(dd,J=11.2,2.6Hz,1H,H-7),5.04(s,1H,H-17β),3.30(s,1H,H-10),3.10(d,J=10.4Hz,1H,H-9),3.05(dd,J=11.7,4.2Hz,1H,H-4),2.49-2.41(m,1H,H-2),2.26-2.16(m,1H,H-1α),1.96(s,1H,H-8α),1.88–1.84(m,2H,H-1β,H-8β),1.74(t,J=3.7Hz,3H,H-20),1.72(s,3H,H-18),1.65(s,3H,H-19),0.94(d,J=6.6Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.48–8.40(m,2H),7.68–7.59(m,1H),7.57(dt,J=15.1,4.3Hz,2H).5-OAc:1.90(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:7.98(dd,J=8.3,1.2Hz,2H),7.68–7.59(m,1H),7.47(t,J=7.7Hz,2H).11-OAc:2.04(s,3H).
12、所述的化合物36的的制备方法:在DCM溶液中,底物化合物41、三氯化铟、苯甲酰氯摩尔比为1:1:2,反应得到目标产物。
化合物36:1H NMR(600MHz,Acetone)δ6.69(d,J=11.3Hz,1H,H-12),6.27(s,1H,H-5),5.59(t,J=4.4Hz,1H,H-3),3.94(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,H-17α),3.90(d,J=11.2Hz,1H,H-17β),3.84(d,J=15.2Hz,1H,6-OH),3.03(dd,J=11.7,5.3Hz,1H,H-1α),2.54(d,J=5.3Hz,1H,H-7α),2.27–2.22(m,1H,H-8α),2.03(m,1H,H-2),1.96–1.86(m,2H,H-4,H-8β),1.84(s,3H,H-20),1.65(dd,J=11.2,8.9Hz,1H,H-1β),1.51–1.46(m,1H,H-11),1.40–1.35(m,1H,H-7β),1.37(s,3H,H-19),1.20(s,3H,H-18),1.10(dd,J=14.3,9.0Hz,1H,H-9),0.70(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-phenylacetyl:7.36(d,J=7.3Hz,2H),7.33(t,J=7.5Hz,2H),7.26(t,J=7.2Hz,1H),3.76(d,J=16.1Hz,2H).5-OAc:2.01(s,3H).15-OAc:2.21(s,3H).
13、化合物18、38、39、41是从千金子中直接提取得到。提取方法为:用95%的乙醇/丙酮(体积比为5:1)在室温下对千金子粉末(5kg)进行浸泡,溶剂在真空下浓缩得到200g油状物。对油状物进行硅胶柱洗脱,得到3个粗馏分。在对馏分1进行进一步提纯,采用硅胶色谱法(按体积比,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=15:1)得到化合物18(4.6g),馏分2采用硅胶色谱法分离(按体积比,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=12:1)得到化合物38(200mg),化合物39(20mg)。馏分3采用硅胶色谱法(按体积比,石油醚:乙酸乙酯=10:1)得到化合物41(20.7g)。
化合物18:HRMS-ESI-MS:665[M+Na]+;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.60(dd,J=11.2,1.2Hz,1H,H-12),6.38(d,J=7.9Hz,1H,H-5),5.76(t,J=3.2Hz,1H,H-3),5.56(dd,J=8.8,3.1Hz,1H,H-7),5.49(s,1H,H-17α),5.27(s,1H,H-17β),3.35(dd,J=14.0,8.1Hz,1H,H-1α),3.05(dd,J=7.8,3.4Hz,1H,H-4),2.43–2.30(m,1H,H-2,H-8α),2.23-2.17(m,1H,H-8β),1.83–1.75(m,1H,H-9),1.77(d,J=1.1Hz,3H,H-20),1.62(dd,J=11.2,8.5Hz,1H,H-1β),1.51–1.42(m,1H,H-11),1.26(s,3H,H-18),1.22(s,3H,H-19),0.91(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.10(dd,J=8.3,1.3Hz,2H),7.66(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.55(t,J=7.6Hz,1H).5-OAc:1.30(s,3H).7-O-benzoyl:7.93(dd,J=8.3,1.3Hz,2H),7.60(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.46(t,J=7.7Hz,1H).15-OAc:2.24(s,3H).
化合物38:HRMS-ESI-TOF:[M+Na]+461;1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ7.88(d,J=12.0Hz,1H,H-12),5.55(t,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-3),5.20(s,1H,OH-15),3.43(d,J=9.1Hz,1H,H-5),3.24(dd,J=12.5,7.1Hz,1H,H-1α),2.00–1.95(m,1H,H-2),1.94–1.90(m,1H,H-7α),1.85(s,3H,H-20),1.79(d,J=13.0Hz,1H,H-1β),1.76(dd,J=9.2,4.4Hz,1H,H-4),1.65(dd,J=11.5,7.9Hz,1H,H-11),1.63–1.53(m,1H,H-8α),1.35-1.27(m,3H,H-7β,H-8β,H-9),1.20(s,6H,H-17,H-18),1.08(s,3H,H-19),0.96(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-benzoyl:8.16(d,J=7.2Hz,2H),7.63(t,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.52(t,J=7.6Hz,2H).
化合物41:1H NMR(400MHz,Acetone)δ6.69(dd,J=11.4,1.1Hz,1H,H-12),6.31(d,J=9.0Hz,1H,H-5),5.38(t,J=3.1Hz,1H,H-3),3.24(dd,J=14.0,8.2Hz,1H,H-17α),2.55(d,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-7α),2.19(dd,J=3.4,2.1Hz,1H,H-17β),2.13–2.09(m,1H,H-2),2.08(d,J=3.6Hz,1H,H-8α),2.05(m,2H,H-8β,H-4),1.85(dd,J=9.0,3.4Hz,1H,H-7β),1.80(d,J=1.1Hz,3H,H-20),1.74(d,J=13.3Hz,1H,H-1α),1.62(dd,J=11.4,8.2Hz,1H,H-11),1.38(dd,J=13.9,12.3Hz,1H,H-1β),1.25(s,3H,H-19),1.22(s,3H,H-18),1.00–0.91(m,1H,H-9),0.64(d,J=6.7Hz,3H,H-16).3-O-phenylacetyl:7.34(s,2H),7.33(s,2H),7.27(m,1H),3.70(d,J=15.1Hz,1H),3.58(d,J=15.1Hz,1H).5-OAc:1.99(s,3H).15-OAc:2.15(s,3H).
实施例二:化合物1~41的生物体外活性试验
1、千金子二萜衍生物的细胞毒性检测。具体操作:按照1×110个/孔限定数量,将MCF-7、MCF-7/ADR细胞接种于96孔板,每孔加入100μL含10%胎牛血清的MEM培养基培养15h,至细胞增长至覆盖孔面积的70%,依次加入最终浓度梯度为1μM、5μM、20μM、50μM、100μM的1~41号化合物,化合物皆用DMSO溶解,给药体积为1μL。设置终浓度梯度为0.01μM、0.1μM、1μM、5μM、10μM的多柔比星作为阳性对照,化合物DMSO溶解,给药体积为1μL。设置DMSO为阴性对照,给药体积为1μL。每组设置3个孔作为平行样。37℃培养48h后,抽去原培养基,用无血清MEM培养基按将CCK-8溶液稀释10倍,每孔加入100μL稀释液,37℃孵育1h,之后在450nm测定吸光度。
数据分析:将各孔细胞吸光度相对于DMSO组吸光度的相对百分比作为抑制率,然后将浓度梯度取10的对数,将其作为横坐标,将抑制率作为纵坐标,求得回归方程后带入50%抑制率计算IC50,同时根据每组内数据测得其平均值和方差,每组数据独立重复三次。41个化合物对MCF-7和MCF-7/ADR细胞的细胞毒(IC50)见表1。
表1各化合物对MCF-7和MCF-7/ADR细胞的细胞毒
2、千金子二萜衍生物逆转耐药能力检测。具体操作:按照1×110个/孔限定数量,将MCF-7/ADR细胞接种于96孔板,每孔加入100μL含10%胎牛血清的MEM培养基培养15h,至细胞增长至覆盖孔面积的70%,加入最终浓度梯度为10μM的1~41号化合物,以终浓度为10μM的维拉帕米(VRP)作为阳性对照。化合物皆用DMSO溶解,给药体积为1μL,37℃下孵育2h。之后加入终浓度梯度为0.01μM、0.1μM、1μM、5μM、10μM的多柔比星,化合物DMSO溶解,给药体积为1μL。设置DMSO为阴性对照,给药体积为1μL。每组设置3个孔作为平行样。37℃培养48h后,抽去原培养基,用无血清MEM培养基按将CCK-8溶液稀释10倍,每孔加入100μL稀释液,37℃孵育1h,之后在450nm测定吸光度。
数据分析:将各孔细胞吸光度相对于DMSO组吸光度的相对百分比作为抑制率,然后将浓度梯度取10的对数,将其作为横坐标,将抑制率作为纵坐标,求得回归方程后带入50%抑制率计算加入1~41号化合物后对于多柔比星的EC50,同时根据每组内数据测得其平均值和方差,每组数据独立重复三次,将耐药株(MCF-7/ADR)对于多柔比星的IC50平均值与加入1~41号化合物的EC50作比值,求出其逆转倍数。逆转倍数=EC50(DOX)/EC50(sample+DOX)。
41个化合物对于MCF-7/ADR细胞的逆转活性数据见表2。
表2各千金子二萜衍生物在MCF-7/ADR细胞上的逆转效应
从表2可以看出,有25个化合物逆转活性都优于VRP。其中,化合物17、29、38、39活性最佳,逆转倍数分别是维拉帕米(VRP)的229倍、454倍、218倍和71倍。
实施例三:胞内聚集实验
本实施例提供了化合物8、31进行罗丹明123(Rh123)胞内聚集实验检测。具体操作:将MCF-7/ADR和MCF-7细胞以2×106个/孔的密度接种到24孔板中,在37℃下孵育16h,用逆转耐药筛选出来的化合物8和化合物31(浓度分别为2、10和20μM)预处理1h,采用终浓度为20μM的维拉帕米作为阳性对照。之后将细胞与终浓度为5μM的Rh123在37℃避光孵育1h。用PBS洗涤细胞两次,重悬于PBS缓冲液中,并通过流式细胞仪进行分析。实验结果如图1、表3所示。图1为化合物8、化合物31分别在MCF-7/ADR细胞内的罗丹明积累变化示意图。
表3化合物8、31抑制P-gp介导的罗丹明外排实验结果展示表
化合物8、31在MCF-7/ADR细胞内均可抑制Rh123的外排,并且化合物8、31抑制P-gp的外排能力有明显的浓度依耐性。化合物31随着浓度的增加抑制能力加强,浓度为80μM时基本完全逆转耐药性。化合物8在浓度为20μM抑制P-gp的外排的能力最佳,增加浓度逆转能力反而下降。
实施例四:对多柔比星(DOX)的积累实验
将MCF-7/ADR细胞以1×107个/孔的密度接种到6孔板盖玻片中,在37℃下孵育16h,用逆转耐药筛选出来的化合物17、29和38(浓度分别为2、10和20μM)预处理2h,再用DOX处理2h,终浓度为20μM的维拉帕米作为阳性对照。之后用4%多聚甲醛固定30min,终浓度为5μg/ml的dapi染液(4',6-二脒基-2-苯基吲哚)在于37℃避光孵育1h。用PBS洗涤细胞两次,取出盖玻片,用分片液封于载玻片上,通过荧光显微镜400倍下观察分析。实验结果图2、表4所示。图2为MCF-7/ADR在化合物17、29、38不同浓度下处理2h后DOX积累,用Image J软件分析得到的荧光数据柱状图。图2从左往右依次为:化合物17、化合物29、化合物38的结果展示图。
表4化合物17、29、38抑制P-gp介导的DOX外排实验结果展示表
化合物17、29、38均可以抑制MCF-7/ADR细胞内P-gp介导的DOX的外排且具有浓度依赖性。化合物17、29、38均有助于细胞内DOX的积累;化合物29在浓度为10μM时,抑制DOX外排能力优于维拉帕米,在浓度为10μM时,抑制DOX外排能力是维拉帕米的2.1倍。
实施例五:对p-gp表达的western blot实验检测
将MCF-7/ADR细胞以1×107个/孔的密度接种到6孔板中,在37℃下孵育16h,用逆转耐药筛选出来的化合物8、17、29、31和38(浓度分别为2、10和20μM)预处理1h,采用终浓度为20μM的维拉帕米作为阳性对照。PBS洗涤细胞两次,加入Ripa裂解细胞15min,13000r离心细胞20min,总蛋白浓度用BCA试剂盒进行定量检测。之后在8SDS-PAGE凝胶中将蛋白质分离,然后在100V的恒定电压下在4℃下电转移到硝酸纤维素膜上。将硝酸纤维素膜用5%牛血清白蛋白封闭2h。然后在4℃下与抗P-gp或抗GAPDH抗体(一抗)孵育过夜,GAPDH用作加载对照。用TBST(1x Tris缓冲盐水,0.1%Tween 20)洗涤3次后加入山羊抗兔IgG二抗,在室温下孵育2h。再次用TBST洗涤3次后,用超敏ECL化学发光底物检测结合的抗体复合物。结果如图3所示。
以上所述的实施例仅是对本发明的优选方式进行描述,并非对本发明的范围进行限定,在不脱离本发明设计精神的前提下,本领域普通技术人员对本发明的技术方案做出的各种变形、变型、修改、替换,均应落入本发明权利要求书确定的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1所述的千金子二萜衍生物,其特征在于:R1=H,R2=R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
3.根据权利要求1所述的千金子二萜衍生物,其特征在于:R1=R2=R3=p-nitrobenzoyl,R4=H。
4.根据权利要求1所述的千金子二萜衍生物,其特征在于:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=H。
5.根据权利要求1所述的千金子二萜衍生物,其特征在于:R1=H,R2=R3=2-thiophenecarbonyl,R4=H。
6.根据权利要求1所述的千金子二萜衍生物,其特征在于:R1=R3=benzoyl,R2=Ac,R4=Br。
7.权利要求1~6任意一项所述千金子二萜衍生物在药物领域的应用。
8.根据权利要求6所述千金子二萜衍生物在药物领域的应用,其特征在于:在逆转MDR上的应用。
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