CN113199257A - Milling and polishing integrated equipment and machining method - Google Patents
Milling and polishing integrated equipment and machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113199257A CN113199257A CN202110453859.8A CN202110453859A CN113199257A CN 113199257 A CN113199257 A CN 113199257A CN 202110453859 A CN202110453859 A CN 202110453859A CN 113199257 A CN113199257 A CN 113199257A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P23/00—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass
- B23P23/04—Machines or arrangements of machines for performing specified combinations of different metal-working operations not covered by a single other subclass for both machining and other metal-working operations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q11/00—Accessories fitted to machine tools for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition or for cooling work; Safety devices specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools
- B23Q11/10—Arrangements for cooling or lubricating tools or work
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
- B23Q3/155—Arrangements for automatic insertion or removal of tools, e.g. combined with manual handling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B29/00—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents
- B24B29/02—Machines or devices for polishing surfaces on work by means of tools made of soft or flexible material with or without the application of solid or liquid polishing agents designed for particular workpieces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
- B24B57/02—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides milling and polishing integrated equipment and a machining method. The five-axis linkage system comprises a tool body, a five-axis linkage system and a tool selection mechanism, wherein the five-axis linkage system is arranged on the tool body and comprises a tool displacement mechanism used for adjusting the space pose of a tool and a workpiece pose adjusting mechanism used for adjusting the space pose of a workpiece to be repaired, the tool selection mechanism comprises a milling cutter tool magazine, a polishing wheel magazine and a tool changer which are arranged on the tool body, the tool changer is used for replacing the tool, the tool displacement mechanism comprises a spindle box, a spindle for installing the tool is arranged in the spindle box, and a plurality of holes used for spraying cutting fluid and polishing fluid are formed in the spindle box. The workpiece is clamped once during machining, the milling cutter is replaced by the polishing wheel through the tool changer after milling machining under the same set of machining parameters, chemical mechanical polishing is carried out by combining polishing liquid, secondary clamping is avoided during polishing, the milling process and the polishing process have the same feed path, and the form and position accuracy of the polished part can be obviously improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining equipment, in particular to milling and polishing integrated equipment and a machining method.
Background
The complex curved surface high-performance part is usually machined by five-axis linkage milling, the surface roughness Ra of the machined part is more than or equal to 3.2 mu m, the surface roughness Ra of the high-performance part is required to be less than or equal to 0.8 mu m, and the surface roughness of the part machined by the common five-axis linkage milling can not meet the service requirement of the complex curved surface high-performance part. The complex curved surface high-performance parts usually adopt manual grinding and polishing to meet the requirement of surface roughness, and the complex curved surface high-performance parts in some fields also adopt manual grinding and polishing technology abroad. However, the manual grinding and polishing has high labor intensity, low efficiency and unstable quality, and is easy to cause occupational diseases caused by dust inhalation of operators. The shape and position precision of parts cannot be ensured in the polishing process by the traditional mechanical polishing method such as soft abrasive belt polishing, magnetorheological abrasive flow polishing, robot polishing and the like, so that the complex curved surface high-performance parts cannot meet the design requirements. The soft abrasive belt grinding and polishing and the magnetorheological abrasive flow grinding and polishing are easy to generate 'over-polishing' and 'chamfering', and the form and position precision and the surface micro-topography of a complex curved surface are seriously influenced. The robot grinding and polishing is usually in a cantilever beam structure, and after the end effector is stressed, the cantilever beam can vibrate, so that the polishing precision is seriously influenced. The traditional mechanical grinding and polishing method adopts complex mechanical motion stress to remove processing lines left in the previous procedure, so that the processing efficiency is low, and the residual damage layer after processing is thick and cannot reach the level of chemical mechanical polishing.
The chemical mechanical polishing process flow can be simply summarized as applying a certain pressure on a workpiece to press the workpiece on a rotating polishing pad, simultaneously enabling the polishing solution to chemically react with the surface of the workpiece to form a thin film softening layer on the surface of the workpiece, then removing the thin film softening layer under the mechanical action of an abrasive and the polishing pad, and realizing surface planarization in the chemical film forming and mechanical film removing processes which are continuously and alternately carried out. Chemical mechanical polishing is generally applied to the polishing of planar parts and is currently the most effective method for achieving global planarization. The chemical mechanical polishing of the complex curved surface part is difficult to realize at present.
Therefore, equipment capable of processing a complex curved surface high-performance part with the surface roughness Ra less than 10nm is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the technical problems, the milling and polishing integrated equipment is provided, and the complex curved surface high-performance part with the surface roughness Ra of less than 10nm can be machined and manufactured through one-time clamping. The problems that the surface roughness of the existing five-axis linkage milling complex curved surface is high, equipment needs to be further replaced for polishing, and the polishing form and position precision of the existing complex curved surface is low are solved. The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
the utility model provides a mill and throw integration and equip, includes the lathe bed, installs five-axis linkage system and cutter selection mechanism on the lathe bed, five-axis linkage system is including the cutter displacement mechanism who is used for adjusting cutter space position appearance and the work piece position appearance adjustment mechanism who is used for adjusting the work piece space position appearance of treating to revise, cutter selection mechanism is including installing milling cutter tool magazine, polishing wheel storehouse and the tool changer on the lathe bed, the tool changer is used for the cutter to change, cutter displacement mechanism includes the headstock, install the main shaft that is used for installing the cutter in the headstock, still set up a plurality of holes that are used for spraying cutting fluid and polishing solution on the headstock.
Further, the tool displacement mechanism comprises an X-axis translation mechanism, a Y-axis translation mechanism and a spindle box, the workpiece pose adjusting mechanism comprises a swing workbench and a rotary workbench with a clamp, the X-axis translation mechanism is installed on the lathe bed to form an X-axis translation degree of freedom, the Y-axis translation mechanism is installed on the X-axis translation mechanism to form a Y-axis translation degree of freedom, the spindle box is installed on the Y-axis translation mechanism to form a Z-axis translation degree of freedom, the swing workbench is installed on the lathe bed to form a Y-axis rotation degree of freedom, the rotary workbench with the clamp is installed on the swing workbench to form a Z-axis rotation degree of freedom, and the lathe bed, the X-axis translation mechanism, the Y-axis translation mechanism, the swing workbench, the clamp, the rotary workbench and the spindle box jointly form a five-axis linkage system and are integrally controlled by a numerical control system.
Further, the oscillating table is rotatable between-90 ° and +90 ° about the Y axis.
Furthermore, the bottom of the spindle box is provided with a polishing liquid jet hole and a cutting liquid jet hole, the aperture of the polishing liquid jet hole is smaller than that of the cutting liquid jet hole, the polishing liquid jet hole is connected with a polishing liquid pump and a polishing liquid filtering and circulating system through pipelines, and the cutting liquid jet hole is connected with the cutting liquid pump and the cutting liquid filtering and circulating system through pipelines.
Furthermore, the milling cutter tool magazine is of a circular structure, milling cutter mounting positions are distributed on the circular ring, and various milling cutters required by machining are mounted on the milling cutter mounting positions.
Furthermore, the polishing wheel warehouse is of a circular ring structure, polishing wheel mounting positions are distributed on a circular ring, and various polishing wheels required by processing can be mounted on each polishing wheel mounting position.
Furthermore, the polishing wheel magazine and the milling cutter magazine are concentric, the polishing wheel magazine and the milling cutter magazine are both mounted on the lathe bed and can rotate independently, the rotating position is controlled by the numerical control system, the tool changer is mounted on the lathe bed and is arranged at the central position of the polishing wheel magazine, and the tool changer is controlled by the numerical control system.
Further, the milling cutter comprises a disc milling cutter, an end face milling cutter, a forming milling cutter, a ball end milling cutter and a drum milling cutter; the polishing wheel comprises a cloth polishing wheel, a hair polishing wheel, a polyurethane polishing wheel, a sand paper polishing wheel, a diamond polishing wheel and a resin polishing wheel.
Furthermore, the surfaces of the mechanisms on the machine body, which can be touched by the cutting liquid and the polishing liquid, are coated with hydrophobic, oleophobic and corrosion-resistant high polymer materials or plastic coatings.
A milling and polishing integrated processing method for a high-performance part with a complex curved surface comprises the following steps:
step 3, starting a cutting fluid pump by the numerical control system, ejecting the cutting fluid from a cutting fluid ejection hole, and carrying out milling, wherein the milling cutter is replaced according to the step 2 according to the processing requirement in the processing process;
step 4, after the milling process is finished, the numerical control system controls the X-axis translation mechanism, the Y-axis translation mechanism and the spindle box to move the spindle to a tool changing site at the tool changer, and simultaneously controls the polishing wheel library to rotate the polishing wheel required by the polishing process to the tool changing site at the tool changer; then the numerical control system controls the tool changer to install a polishing wheel required in the polishing process on the spindle;
step 5, the numerical control system starts a polishing liquid pump, polishing liquid is sprayed out from a polishing liquid spraying hole to carry out a polishing process, and a polishing wheel is replaced according to the polishing requirement in the polishing process in the step 4;
in the milling and polishing process, the numerical control system controls the five-axis linkage system to perform corresponding adjustment based on the appearance of the complex curved surface high-performance part.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention provides milling and polishing integrated equipment which is provided with a five-axis linkage numerical control milling and polishing system. During machining, a workpiece is only clamped once, the milling cutter is replaced by a polishing wheel through a tool changer after milling machining is finished under the same set of machining parameters, and chemical mechanical polishing is carried out by combining polishing liquid. The polishing process avoids secondary clamping, the milling process and the polishing process have the same feed path, and the form and position precision of the polished part can be obviously improved. The five-axis linkage numerical control milling machine solves the problems that the existing five-axis linkage numerical control milling machine can only carry out milling processing, cannot carry out polishing, and polishing still needs to replace equipment for secondary clamping to influence the polishing precision.
2. The invention provides milling and polishing integrated equipment which is used for milling and chemical mechanical polishing under the same set of processing parameters, utilizes the characteristic of a high-rigidity structure of a numerical control machine tool in the polishing process, and overcomes the defects of low efficiency, low form and position precision and large product difference of the conventional complex curved surface by manual grinding and polishing; the defects that the shape and position precision and the surface micro-morphology of a complex curved surface are seriously influenced by 'over-polishing' and 'chamfering' easily generated in the polishing of the magnetorheological abrasive flow are overcome; the defect of poor polishing precision caused by the fact that a cantilever beam structure of the robot is prone to flutter during polishing is overcome. The milling and polishing processes are integrated, and high-quality and high-efficiency complex curved surface precision machining can be realized. The machined complex curved surface part ensures the required form and position precision in the design process and has very low surface roughness.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional assembly structure of the device in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a bottom structure of a spindle box according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a Y-axis translation mechanism; 2. an X-axis translation mechanism; 3. a bed body; 4. a numerical control system; 5-1, a cutting fluid pump; 5-2, polishing liquid pump; 5-3, a cutting fluid filtering and circulating system; 5-4, a polishing solution filtering and circulating system; 6. swinging the worktable; 7. a rotary table with a clamp; 8-1, milling cutter tool magazine; 8-2, polishing wheel storehouses; 9. a tool changer; 10. a main shaft; 11. a main spindle box; 11-1, spraying polishing liquid; 11-2 and cutting fluid jet holes.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the invention discloses milling and polishing integrated equipment, which comprises a machine body 3, a five-axis linkage system, a cutter selecting mechanism and a numerical control system 4, wherein the five-axis linkage system is arranged on the machine body 3, the five-axis linkage system comprises a cutter displacement mechanism for adjusting the space pose of a cutter and a workpiece pose adjusting mechanism for adjusting the space pose of a workpiece to be repaired, the cutter selecting mechanism comprises a milling cutter tool magazine 8-1, a milling cutter tool magazine 8-2 and a cutter changer 9 which are arranged on the machine body 3, the cutter changer 9 is used for replacing the cutter, the cutter displacement mechanism comprises a spindle box 11, a spindle 10 for installing the cutter is arranged in the spindle box 11, and a plurality of holes for spraying cutting fluid and polishing fluid are formed in the spindle box 11.
The tool displacement mechanism comprises an X-axis translation mechanism 2, a Y-axis translation mechanism 1 and the main spindle box 11, the workpiece pose adjusting mechanism comprises a swinging workbench 6 and a rotating workbench 7 with a clamp, the X-axis translation mechanism 2 is arranged on the lathe bed 3 to form X-axis translation freedom degree, the Y-axis translation mechanism 1 is arranged on the X-axis translation mechanism 2 to form Y-axis translation freedom degree, the main spindle box 11 is arranged on the Y-axis translation mechanism 1 to form Z-axis translation freedom, the swing workbench 6 is arranged on the lathe bed 3 to form Y-axis rotation freedom, the rotary worktable 7 with the clamp is arranged on the swing worktable 6 to form a Z-axis rotary freedom degree, the lathe bed 3, the X-axis translation mechanism 2, the Y-axis translation mechanism 1, the swing workbench 6, the clamp, the rotary workbench 7 and the spindle box 11 jointly form a five-axis linkage system, and are integrally controlled by the numerical control system 4.
The oscillating table 6 can rotate between-90 DEG to +90 DEG around the Y axis.
The polishing liquid spraying hole 11-1 and the cutting liquid spraying hole 11-2 are formed in the bottom of the spindle box 11, the aperture of the polishing liquid spraying hole 11-1 is smaller than that of the cutting liquid spraying hole 11-2, the polishing liquid spraying hole 11-1 is connected with a polishing liquid pump 5-2 and a polishing liquid filtering and circulating system 5-4 through pipelines, and the cutting liquid spraying hole 11-2 is connected with the cutting liquid pump 5-1 and the cutting liquid filtering and circulating system 5-3 through pipelines.
The milling cutter tool magazine 8-1 is of a circular structure, milling cutter mounting positions are distributed on a circular ring, and various milling cutters required by machining are mounted on the milling cutter mounting positions.
The milling cutter tool magazine 8-2 is of a circular structure, polishing wheel mounting positions are distributed on the circular ring, and various polishing wheels required by machining can be mounted on each polishing wheel mounting position.
The milling cutter tool magazine 8-2 and the milling cutter tool magazine 8-1 are concentric, the milling cutter tool magazine and the milling cutter tool magazine are both arranged on the lathe bed 3 and can rotate independently, the rotating position is controlled by the numerical control system 4, the tool changer 9 is arranged on the lathe bed 3 and is arranged at the center position of the milling cutter tool magazine 8-2, and the tool changer 9 is controlled by the numerical control system 4.
The milling cutter comprises a disc milling cutter, an end face milling cutter, a forming milling cutter, a ball end milling cutter, a drum milling cutter, an end milling cutter, an angle milling cutter and a T milling cutter; the polishing wheel comprises a cloth polishing wheel, a hair polishing wheel, a polyurethane polishing wheel, a sand paper polishing wheel, a diamond polishing wheel and a resin polishing wheel.
Specifically, when a certain milling cutter needs to be used according to the processing requirements in the milling process, the milling cutter magazine 8-1 rotates the milling cutter to the cutter changer 9 under the control of the numerical control system 4, and meanwhile, the spindle moves to a cutter changing point at the cutter changer 9 under the control of the numerical control system 4, and the cutter changer 9 performs cutter changing action. When a polishing wheel needs to be used according to the processing requirement in the polishing process, the milling cutter tool magazine 8-2 rotates the polishing wheel to the tool changer 9 under the control of the numerical control system 4, and meanwhile, the spindle moves to a tool changing position at the tool changer 9 under the control of the numerical control system 4, and the tool changer 9 performs tool changing action.
The cutting fluid pump 5-1 is connected with the cutting fluid filtering and circulating system 5-3 and is connected to the cutting fluid spraying hole 11-2 through a pipeline, and in the milling process, the cutting fluid pump conveys the cutting fluid in the cutting fluid filtering and circulating system 5-3 to the cutting fluid spraying hole 11-2, so that the cutting fluid is sprayed to a machining site. The used cutting fluid is collected, stored, filtered and recycled through the cutting fluid filtering and circulating system 5-3. The polishing liquid pump 5-2 is connected with the polishing liquid filtering and circulating system 5-4 and is connected to the polishing liquid spraying hole 11-1 through a pipeline, and the polishing liquid pump 5-2 conveys the polishing liquid in the polishing liquid filtering and circulating system 5-4 to the polishing liquid spraying hole 11-1 in the polishing process so that the polishing liquid is sprayed to a machining site. The used polishing solution is collected, filtered, stored and recycled through a polishing solution filtering and circulating system 5-4. The operation of the cutting liquid pump 5-1, the polishing liquid pump 5-2, the cutting liquid filtering and circulating system 5-3 and the polishing liquid filtering and circulating system 5-4 is integrally controlled by the numerical control system 4.
The Y-axis translation mechanism 1, the X-axis translation mechanism 2, the lathe bed 3, the swing workbench 6, the clamp, the rotary workbench 7, the tool changer 9, the main shaft box 11 and the surfaces, which can be contacted or splashed by the cutting fluid and the polishing fluid in the milling and polishing processes, are coated with hydrophobic, oleophobic and corrosion-resistant high polymer materials or plastic coatings so as to prevent the cutting fluid and the polishing fluid from corroding the surfaces.
A milling and polishing integrated processing method for a high-performance part with a complex curved surface comprises the following steps:
3, starting a cutting fluid pump 5-1 by the numerical control system 4, ejecting the cutting fluid from a cutting fluid ejection hole 11-2, and carrying out milling, wherein the milling cutter is replaced according to the processing requirement in the step 2 in the processing process;
step 4, after the milling process is finished, the numerical control system 4 controls the X-axis translation mechanism 2, the Y-axis translation mechanism 1 and the spindle box 11 to move the spindle to a tool changing site at the tool changer 9, and simultaneously the numerical control system 4 controls the milling cutter tool magazine 8-2 to rotate a polishing wheel required by the polishing process to the tool changing site at the tool changer 9; then the numerical control system 4 controls the tool changer 9 to install a polishing wheel required by the polishing process on the spindle;
step 5, the numerical control system 4 starts a polishing liquid pump 5-2, polishing liquid is sprayed out from the polishing liquid spraying hole 11-1 to carry out a polishing process, and a polishing wheel is replaced according to the polishing requirement in the step 4 in the polishing process;
in the milling and polishing process, the numerical control system 4 controls the five-axis linkage system to perform corresponding adjustment based on the appearance of the complex curved surface high-performance part.
In the invention, a workpiece is clamped once during processing, a milling cutter is replaced by a polishing wheel through a tool changer 9 after milling processing under the same set of processing parameters, and chemical mechanical polishing is carried out by combining polishing liquid. The polishing process avoids secondary clamping, the milling process and the polishing process have the same feed path, and the form and position precision of the polished part can be obviously improved. The problem of current five-axis linkage numerically controlled fraise machine can only mill processing, can not polish, polishing still need change equipment secondary clamping influence polishing precision is solved. The problem of the current complicated curved surface polishing method manual grinding and polishing, magnetic current becomes abrasive flow polishing, the part form and position precision is low after the robot polishes is solved.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a mill and throw integration and equip, its characterized in that includes the lathe bed, installs five-axis linkage system and cutter on the lathe bed and selects the mechanism, five-axis linkage system is including the cutter displacement mechanism who is used for adjusting cutter space position appearance and the work piece position appearance adjustment mechanism who is used for adjusting the work piece space position appearance of treating to revise, cutter is selected the mechanism and is included milling cutter tool magazine, polishing wheel magazine and the tool changer of installing on the lathe bed, the tool changer is used for the cutter to change, cutter displacement mechanism includes the headstock, install the main shaft that is used for installing the cutter in the headstock, still set up a plurality of holes that are used for spraying cutting fluid and polishing fluid on the headstock.
2. The integrated milling and polishing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tool displacement mechanism comprises an X-axis translation mechanism, a Y-axis translation mechanism and the spindle box, the workpiece pose adjusting mechanism comprises a swing workbench and a rotary workbench with a clamp, the X-axis translation mechanism is mounted on the machine bed to form an X-axis translational degree of freedom, the Y-axis translation mechanism is mounted on the X-axis translation mechanism to form a Y-axis translational degree of freedom, the spindle box is mounted on the Y-axis translation mechanism to form a Z-axis translational degree of freedom, the swing workbench is mounted on the machine bed to form a Y-axis rotary degree of freedom, the rotary workbench with the clamp is mounted on the swing workbench to form a Z-axis rotary degree of freedom, and the machine bed, the X-axis translation mechanism, the Y-axis translation mechanism, the swing workbench, the clamp, the rotary workbench and the spindle box together form a five-axis linkage system, and is integrally controlled by a numerical control system.
3. The integrated milling and polishing equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein the swing table can rotate between-90 ° and +90 ° around the Y axis.
4. The integrated milling and polishing device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the bottom of the spindle box is provided with a polishing solution spraying hole and a cutting solution spraying hole, the aperture of the polishing solution spraying hole is smaller than that of the cutting solution spraying hole, the polishing solution spraying hole is connected with a polishing solution pump and a polishing solution filtering and circulating system through pipelines, and the cutting solution spraying hole is connected with the cutting solution pump and the cutting solution filtering and circulating system through pipelines.
5. The integrated milling and polishing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the milling cutter tool magazine is of a circular ring structure, milling cutter mounting positions are distributed on the circular ring, and various milling cutters required for machining are mounted on each milling cutter mounting position.
6. The milling and polishing integrated equipment as claimed in claim 1 or 5, wherein the polishing wheel warehouse is of a circular ring structure, polishing wheel mounting positions are distributed on a circular ring, and various polishing wheels required for processing can be mounted on each polishing wheel mounting position.
7. The integrated milling and polishing equipment as claimed in claim 6, wherein the polishing wheel magazine and the milling cutter magazine are concentric, both mounted on the machine body and capable of rotating independently, the rotating position is controlled by a numerical control system, the tool changer is mounted on the machine body and arranged at the center of the polishing wheel magazine, and the tool changer is controlled by the numerical control system.
8. The integrated milling and polishing equipment as claimed in claim 7, wherein the milling cutter comprises a disc milling cutter, an end milling cutter, a forming milling cutter, a ball milling cutter, a drum milling cutter; the polishing wheel comprises a cloth polishing wheel, a hair polishing wheel, a polyurethane polishing wheel, a sand paper polishing wheel, a diamond polishing wheel and a resin polishing wheel.
9. The integrated milling and polishing equipment as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surfaces of the mechanisms on the bed, which can be touched by the cutting liquid and the polishing liquid, are coated with hydrophobic, oleophobic and corrosion-resistant polymer materials or plastic coatings.
10. A milling and polishing integrated processing method for a high-performance part with a complex curved surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, clamping a workpiece on a rotary workbench with a clamp;
step 2, the numerical control system controls the X-axis translation mechanism, the Y-axis translation mechanism and the spindle box to move the spindle to a tool changing site at the tool changer, simultaneously controls the milling cutter tool magazine to transfer milling cutters required by milling to the tool changing site at the tool changer, and then controls the tool changer to install the milling cutters required by milling on the spindle;
step 3, starting a cutting fluid pump by the numerical control system, ejecting the cutting fluid from a cutting fluid ejection hole, and carrying out milling, wherein the milling cutter is replaced according to the step 2 according to the processing requirement in the processing process;
step 4, after the milling process is finished, the numerical control system controls the X-axis translation mechanism, the Y-axis translation mechanism and the spindle box to move the spindle to a tool changing site at the tool changer, and simultaneously controls the polishing wheel library to rotate the polishing wheel required by the polishing process to the tool changing site at the tool changer; then the numerical control system controls the tool changer to install a polishing wheel required in the polishing process on the spindle;
step 5, the numerical control system starts a polishing liquid pump, polishing liquid is sprayed out from a polishing liquid spraying hole to carry out a polishing process, and a polishing wheel is replaced according to the polishing requirement in the polishing process in the step 4;
in the milling and polishing process, the numerical control system controls the five-axis linkage system to perform corresponding adjustment based on the appearance of the complex curved surface high-performance part.
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| CN202110453859.8A CN113199257A (en) | 2021-04-26 | 2021-04-26 | Milling and polishing integrated equipment and machining method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114178974A (en) * | 2022-02-16 | 2022-03-15 | 南通高敦汽车部件科技有限公司 | Surface treatment equipment is used in automobile parts production |
| CN117381469A (en) * | 2023-12-11 | 2024-01-12 | 蓝思精密(泰州)有限公司 | CNC processing device and processing method for metal structural part for electronic product |
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| CN117381469B (en) * | 2023-12-11 | 2024-04-16 | 蓝思精密(泰州)有限公司 | CNC processing device and processing method for metal structural part for electronic product |
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