CN113198546A - 一种量子点/过氧化物复合材料、制备方法及其应用 - Google Patents
一种量子点/过氧化物复合材料、制备方法及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN113198546A CN113198546A CN202110456662.XA CN202110456662A CN113198546A CN 113198546 A CN113198546 A CN 113198546A CN 202110456662 A CN202110456662 A CN 202110456662A CN 113198546 A CN113198546 A CN 113198546A
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种量子点/过氧化物复合材料、制备方法及其应用,所述方法包括:将含有至少一种量子点的溶液与盐溶液混合均匀后,向该混合溶液中加入碱性沉淀剂和双氧水,发生过氧化反应生成过氧化物的同时该过氧化物与量子点进行原位复合,反应完成后经过离心分离、洗涤和干燥处理,得到所述量子点/过氧化物复合材料,其中,盐溶液中溶解有锌盐、镁盐和钙盐中的至少一种。本发明的制备方法简单,原料廉价易得,易于工业化生产且应用范围广。该量子点/过氧化物复合材料可适用于宽pH下类芬顿降解有机污染物或可见光催化降解有机污染物,也可以用于抑制肿瘤细胞增殖和杀灭细菌,还可以吸附固化去除重金属离子;且可用于复合污染的治理与修复。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于催化材料领域,更具体地,涉及一种量子点/过氧化物复合材料、制备方法及其应用。
背景技术
近年来,伴随工业化的不断发展,我们面临的环境污染问题日益严峻。在水体污染问题中,较为常见的包括有机染料污染、抗生素泛滥以及重金属离子污染。同时,水体中的抗生素污染会提高细菌的耐受力,使之成为超级细菌,在一定程度上会增加细菌感染风险以及治疗细菌感染的难度。较为严重地,这些细菌进入生物体内后会诱发变异,形成肿瘤。因此,在治理环境污染物的同时,也必须兼顾由环境污染引起的其他健康威胁(如耐药细菌和抗性基因等)。迫切需要一种高效的材料与技术能解决这些综合的环境问题。
在当前的环境修复方法中,高级氧化技术(AOPs)是一种很高效的方法。AOPs能够产生具有强氧化性的活性氧物种,进而氧化降解有机污染物,一般包括芬顿/类芬顿反应、光催化反应、电催化反应和声催化反应体系等。例如,专利文献CN211734065U《一种光声协同强化类芬顿体系废水处理装置》公开了一种紫外线、超声波协同强化类芬顿,可以降解废水中的多种有机污染物;专利文献CN111871405A《一种利用光协同压电催化高效降解染料废水的方法》公开了一种BiVO4包覆的BaTiO3光协同压电催化剂,能够高效地降解染料废水。然而,这些制备的材料依旧存在一些缺点:(1)对于紫外光/超声波/电催化反应,使用过程中需要外部能量(紫外光、电或超声波)激发,不仅会耗费能源,也会极大地限制该类芬顿催化剂的工业应用;(2)应用领域单一,上述催化体系大多用于有机污染物降解,不能用于环境中重金属离子去除和生物上的杀菌和抑制肿瘤细胞增殖;(3)某些催化剂的制备工艺复杂,生产成本高,而且催化降解效率较低。因此,开发出制备工艺简单、应用范围广、使用过程中不需外部能量激发(紫外光、电或超声)的新型材料具有重大意义。
发明内容
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求,本发明提供了一种量子点/过氧化物复合材料、制备方法及其应用,其目的在于将过氧化物与量子点进行复合,可以用于类芬顿降解过程,不需外部能量(光、电和声)激发,还可以用于可见光催化降解过程,还能用于吸附稳定水或土壤中的重金属离子。同时,过氧化物可以释放产生过氧化氢(强氧化性活性物种),能够用于杀菌和抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。由此解决现有材料使用过程中需要外部能量、应用领域单一、成本高的技术问题。
为实现上述目的,按照本发明的一个方面,提供了一种量子点/过氧化物复合材料的制备方法,所述方法包括:将含有至少一种量子点的溶液与盐溶液混合得到混合溶液,向该混合溶液中加入碱性沉淀剂和双氧水,发生过氧化反应生成过氧化物的同时该过氧化物与量子点进行原位复合,反应完成后进行离心分离、洗涤和干燥处理,得到所述量子点/过氧化物复合材料;其中,所述盐溶液中溶解有锌盐、镁盐和钙盐中的至少一种。
优选地,所述量子点包括金属量子点或非金属量子点,所述非金属量子点包括碳量子点、石墨烯量子点、石墨相氮化碳量子点或元素掺杂非金属量子点;金属量子点包括贵金属量子点。
优选地,所述金属量子点包括金量子点、银量子点或铂量子点;所述元素掺杂非金属量子点包括氮掺杂非金属量子点或硫掺杂非金属量子点。
优选地,所述碱性沉淀剂为氨水、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
优选地,所述锌盐为硝酸锌、硫酸锌、氯化锌或醋酸锌,所述镁盐为硝酸镁、硫酸镁、氯化镁或醋酸镁,所述钙盐为硝酸钙、硫酸钙、氯化钙或醋酸钙。
优选地,所述干燥处理具体为在50-90℃条件下干燥5-12h。这是由于过氧化物在120-150℃容易分解,因此,本发明采用低温干燥以保证过氧化物不被分解。
按照本发明的另一个方面,提供了一种根据上文所述的制备方法制备得到的量子点/过氧化物复合材料。
优选地,所述复合材料粒径为20-200nm。
按照本发明的再一个方面,提供了一种上文所述的复合材料的应用,将所述复合材料用于在无外部能量激发条件下实现类芬顿反应降解有机污染物、或用于可见光催化降解有机污染物、或作为吸附剂去除水中重金属、或作为稳定剂稳定土壤中重金属、或用于制备肿瘤细胞增殖抑制剂或用作抗菌杀菌剂治理致病微生物。
按照本发明的又一个方面,提供了一种上文所述的复合材料的应用,该复合材料用于治理修复致病微生物、有机污染物和重金属共存的复合污染。总体而言,通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比,至少能够取得下列有益效果。
(1)通过本发明提供的制备方法制备得到的量子点/过氧化物复合材料并应用于环境修复及生物医疗领域。一方面,该复合材料在类芬顿体系中能够持续释放双氧水,产生强氧化性的羟基自由基进而降解有机污染物;在可见光催化体系中,复合物中的量子点会加速电子转移,有利于复合物光催化降解有机污染物;另一方面,由于复合物由量子点和过氧化物构成,导致表面含有大量羟基和其他含氧官能团,可以用来吸附重金属离子。并且,该复合材料还可用于复合污染的治理与修复。在生物医学方面,过氧化物可以释放产生过氧化氢(强氧化性活性物种),能够用于杀菌和抑制肿瘤细胞增殖。因此,该类复合材料是一种环境友好的多功能性材料,并且具有广阔的应用前景。
(2)本发明采用通过选用稳定的、易制取的金属、非金属类量子点,与可溶性锌盐,镁盐和钙盐、沉淀剂、双氧水作为原料,采用原位一步法制备出量子点/过氧化物复合材料,工艺过程简单,易于大规模的工业生产。
(3)由于本发明采用的是原位一步法制备量子点/过氧化物复合材料,实现量子点与过氧化物在分子水平上复合,确保产物中量子点均匀分散,而不是将量子点与过氧化物简单的物理混和,保证了量子点/过氧化物复合材料的稳定性。
(4)本发明提供的复合材料既可以用于类芬顿降解过程,不需外部能量(光、电和声)激发;也可以用于可见光催化降解过程。而且,降解反应可以在较宽的pH范围下进行,不需要前期酸化处理与后期的中和处理,可降低应用成本。
附图说明
图1是按照本发明的实施例1所制备的复合材料的XRD图谱。
图2是按照本发明的实施例1中制备的复合材料通过光催化降解四环素结果。
图3是按照本发明的实施例4所制备的复合材料的XRD图谱。
图4是按照本发明的实施例4所制备的复合材料的SEM图谱。
图5是按照本发明的实施例5所制备的复合材料的XRD图谱。
图6是按照本发明的实施例5所制备的复合材料降解亚甲基蓝结果。
图7是将本发明的实施例7所制备的复合材料用于制备肿瘤细胞增殖抑制剂后得到的抗肿瘤细胞测试结果。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图及实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解,此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。此外,下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。
实施例1
准确称取3g一水合柠檬酸和1g尿素,充分混匀,加入25mL水,在180℃条件下水热5h,冷却后即得到碳量子点溶液;将3g六水合硝酸锌溶于20mL水,加入0.5mL上述制备的碳量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、50℃下干燥12h得到碳量子点/过氧化锌复合材料。
图1是按照本发明的优选实施例1所制备样品的XRD图谱,如图1所示,通过对比标准PDF卡片可知碳量子点/过氧化锌复合材料中含有过氧化锌。
将实施例1中所制备的复合材料用于降解初始pH=4的四环素降解测试:准确称取10mg复合材料加到100mL,50mg/L,pH=4的四环素溶液中,再加入3mg水合硫酸铁,整个反应过程在搅拌下进行。结果显示该复合材料在2h内可以降解84.5%的四环素,表明该复合材料在酸性条件下具有良好的催化降解性能。
将实施例1中所制备的复合材料用于降解初始pH=8的四环素降解测试:准确称取10mg复合物加到100mL,50mg/L,pH=8的四环素溶液中,再加入3mg水合硫酸铁,整个反应过程在搅拌下进行。结果显示在2h内可以降解83.4%的四环素,表明该复合材料在碱条件下也具有良好的催化降解性能。
将实施例1中所制备的复合材料进行可见光催化降解四环素测试:准确称取10mg复合物加到100mL,50mg/L四环素溶液中,带有400nm滤波片的300W氙灯为可见光源,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。如图2所示,实验结果表明经过2h光照,四环素的降解率能够达到80.5%。
将实施例1中所制备的复合材料进行可见光催化杀菌测试:取4mL培养好的大肠杆菌菌液,用灭菌后的生理盐水洗涤2次,重新分散到50mL生理盐水中,称取5mg复合材料加入到上述混合液中并搅拌均匀,开启可见光(λ>400nm)并计时,在设定时间点用移液枪取100μL混悬液,加入到900μL灭菌后的生理盐水中,充分混合均匀。以10倍浓度梯度逐级稀释。取不同浓度稀释液100μL均匀涂布于琼脂平板上,37℃培养20h后,取出计数。结果表明光照反应30min后,大肠杆菌的失活率能达到99.9%以上。
实施例2
准确称取2g一水合柠檬酸200℃处理0.5h后,迅速加入到100mL,10mg/mL氢氧化钠溶液中,调节pH至中性,即得到石墨烯量子点溶液;将3g六水合硝酸锌溶于20mL水,加入0.5mL上述制备的石墨烯量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过过滤、洗涤、60℃下干燥10h得到石墨烯量子点/过氧化锌复合材料。
将实施例2中所制备的复合材料进行可见光催化降解四环素测试:准确称取10mg复合物加到100mL,50mg/L四环素溶液中,带有400nm滤波片的300W氙灯为可见光源,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。实验结果表明经过2h光照,复合物可以降解83.8%的四环素。
实施例3
准确称取0.1g尿素和0.08g柠檬酸钠充分混匀,在180℃下处理1h,冷却后洗涤、离心(10000rpm)后收集上层溶液,经过透析,即得到石墨相氮化碳量子点溶液;将3g六水合硝酸锌溶于20mL水,加入5mL上述制备的石墨相氮化碳量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、60℃下干燥12h得到石墨相氮化碳量子点/过氧化锌复合材料。
将实施例3中所制备的复合材料进行降解四环素测试:准确称取10mg复合物加到100mL,50mg/L四环素溶液中,带有400nm滤波片的300W氙灯为可见光源,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。实验结果表明2h内可以降解80%的四环素。
实施例4
准确称取3g一水合柠檬酸和1g尿素,充分混匀,加入25mL水,在180℃条件下水热反应5h,冷却后即得到碳量子点溶液;将2.03g六水合氯化镁溶于20mL水,加入0.2mL上述制备的碳量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过过滤、洗涤、90℃下干燥5h得到碳量子点/过氧化镁复合材料。
图3与图4分别是按照本发明的优选实施例4所制备样品的XRD图谱和SEM图片。如图3所示,通过对比XRD标准PDF卡片可知碳量子点/过氧化镁复合材料中含有过氧化镁。如图4所示,所获得的样品是由平均粒径约为50nm的纳米颗粒组成,这可以保证复合材料有更大的比表面积和较多的活性位点。
将实施例4中所制备的复合材料进行亚甲基蓝降解测试:准确称取10mg复合物和25mg水合硫酸铁先后加到100mL,20mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液中,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。结果表明1h内,复合材料对亚甲基蓝的降解率可以达到99%。
将实施例4中所制备的复合材料进行重金属离子Cd2+吸附性能测试:准确称取10mg复合物加入到100mL,50mg/L Cd2+溶液中,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。结果表明经过2h后,重金属离子Cd2+去除率可以达到90%以上。
将实施例4中所制备的复合材料进行大肠杆菌的抗菌测试:取4mL培养好的大肠杆菌菌液,用灭菌后的生理盐水洗涤2次,重新分散到50mL生理盐水中,称取50mg复合材料加入到上述混合液中并搅拌均匀,抗菌开始并计时,在设定的时间点用移液枪取100μL混悬液,加入到900μL灭菌后的生理盐水中,充分混合均匀。以10倍浓度梯度逐级稀释。取不同浓度稀释液100μL均匀涂布于琼脂平板上,37℃培养20h后,取出计数。结果表明反应4h后,大肠杆菌的失活率能达到99.9%以上。
实施例5
准确称取3g一水合柠檬酸和1g尿素,充分混匀,加入25mL水,在180℃条件下水热反应5h,冷却后即得到碳量子点溶液;将2.4g四水合硝酸钙溶于20mL水,加入1mL上述制备的碳量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入0.8g氢氧化钠,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、70℃下干燥8h得到碳量子点/过氧化钙复合材料。
图5是按照本发明的优选实施例5所制备样品的XRD图谱。如图所示,通过对比XRD标准PDF卡片可知碳量子点/过氧化钙复合材料中含有过氧化钙。
将实施例5中所制备的复合材料进行亚甲基蓝降解测试:准确称取12.8mg复合物和28.6mg水合硫酸铁先后加到200mL,20mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液中,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。如图6所示,实验结果表明1h内可以降解97.5%的亚甲基蓝。
将实施例5中所制备的复合材料进行染料MB和重金属离子Pb2+共存污染物去除性能测试:准确称取25.6mg复合物和28.6mg水合硫酸铁先后加入到200mL,20mg/L亚甲基蓝、200mL Pb2+共存溶液中,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。实验结果表明30min内可以降解95%的亚甲基蓝,并且对重金属Pb2+去除率可以达到90%以上。
实施例6
准确称取3g一水合柠檬酸和1g尿素,充分混匀,加入25mL水,在180℃条件下水热反应5h,冷却后即得到碳量子点溶液;将1.23g七水合硫酸镁和1.2g四水合硝酸钙溶于20mL水,加入0.5mL上述制备的碳量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入0.8g氢氧化钠,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、60℃下干燥12h得到碳量子点/过氧化镁钙复合材料。
将实施例6中所制备的复合材料进行催化降解染料MB性能测试:准确称取12.8mg复合物和28.6mg水合硫酸铁先后加入到100mL,10mg/L亚甲基蓝溶液中,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。实验结果表明90min内可以降解92%的亚甲基蓝。
实施例7
准确称取3g一水合柠檬酸和1g尿素,充分混匀,加入25mL水,在180℃条件下水热反应5h,冷却后即得到碳量子点溶液;将3g六水合硝酸锌溶于20mL水,加入1mL上述制备的碳量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、60℃下干燥12h得到碳量子点/过氧化锌复合材料。
将实施例7中所制备的复合材料用于制备肿瘤细胞增殖抑制剂,对该肿瘤细胞增殖抑制剂进行抗肿瘤细胞测试:取对数期的肿瘤细胞每孔1×104接种在96孔板上,其中,该肿瘤细胞为鼻咽癌细胞系CNE-2,每个孔内加入200μL DMEM培养基,培养12h后弃掉上清液,在复孔中加入不同量实施例7所制备的复合材料,得到不同给药浓度梯度,每个浓度设3个复孔(pH 6.5,模拟肿瘤微酸性环境)。其中不给药的复孔作为空白对照组,培养48h后弃掉上清液。然后加入10μL的0.5mg/mL MTT(噻唑蓝)溶液培养2h,再向各个复孔中加入100μL二甲基亚砜并振荡1min,于酶标仪490nm处测光密度OD值,得到不同浓度OD值,通过OD值计算各浓度下的肿瘤细胞增殖抑制率:增殖抑制率=(空白组OD值-给药组OD值)/空白组OD值。结果如图7所示,碳量子点/过氧化锌复合材料的质量浓度为600μg/mL时,肿瘤细胞增殖抑制率可以达到75%以上。
实施例8
准确称取0.17g硝酸银和0.34g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),分别溶于20mL无水乙醇中,混合均匀后在室温下连续搅拌反应3h,得到银量子点乙醇溶液;将2.6g六水合硝酸镁溶于20mL水,加入2mL上述制备的银量子点乙醇溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、60℃下干燥12h得到银量子点/过氧化镁复合材料。
将实施例8中所制备的复合材料进行大肠杆菌的抗菌测试:取4mL培养好的大肠杆菌菌液,用灭菌后的生理盐水洗涤2次,重新分散到50mL生理盐水中,称取50mg复合材料加入到上述混合液中并搅拌均匀,抗菌开始并计时,在设定的时间点用移液枪取100μL混悬液,加入到900μL灭菌后的生理盐水中,充分混合均匀。以10倍浓度梯度逐级稀释。取不同浓度稀释液100μL均匀涂布于琼脂平板上,37℃培养20h后,取出计数。结果表明反应10min后,大肠杆菌的失活率能达到99.9%。
实施例9
准确称取0.01g氯金酸和0.1g聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP),分别溶于50mL水中,混合均匀后迅速向混合溶液中加入2mL水合肼,在室温下连续搅拌反应2h,得到金量子点溶液;将2.6g六水合硝酸镁溶于20mL水,加入2mL上述制备的金量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、60℃下干燥12h得到金量子点/过氧化镁复合材料。
将实施例9中所制备的复合材料进行大肠杆菌的抗菌测试:取4mL培养好的大肠杆菌菌液,用灭菌后的生理盐水洗涤2次,重新分散到50mL生理盐水中,称取50mg复合材料加入到上述混合液中并搅拌均匀,抗菌开始并计时,在设定的时间点用移液枪取100μL混悬液,加入到900μL灭菌后的生理盐水中,充分混合均匀。以10倍浓度梯度逐级稀释。取不同浓度稀释液100μL均匀涂布于琼脂平板上,37℃培养20h后,取出计数。结果表明反应30min后,大肠杆菌的失活率能达到99.9%。
实施例10
准确称取0.014g六水合氯铂酸和0.055g NaOH分别溶于20mL蒸馏水和20mL无水乙醇,在搅拌条件下,将氯铂酸溶液逐滴加入到NaOH乙醇溶液中,常温下搅拌1h后,将混合溶液转移至90℃油浴锅中继续搅拌反应1h,冷却后得到铂量子点溶液;将3g六水合硝酸锌溶于20mL水,加入1mL上述制备的铂量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、60℃下干燥12h得到铂量子点/过氧化锌复合材料。
将实施例10中所制备的复合材料进行降解四环素测试:准确称取10mg复合物加到100mL,50mg/L四环素溶液中,带有400nm滤波片的300W氙灯为可见光源,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。实验结果表明3h内可以降解80%的四环素。
实施例11
准确称取0.15g 3-氨基苯硫酚溶于20mL乙醇中,混合均匀后转入高压反应釜内,置于160℃条件下反应15h,冷却后重新分散在蒸馏水中,离心(10000rpm)后收集上层溶液,经过透析,即得到氮硫掺杂的碳量子点溶液;将2.2g二水合醋酸锌溶于20mL水,加入1mL上述制备的氮硫掺杂碳量子点溶液搅拌均匀后再加入1.6mL氨水,搅拌20min后加入1.5mL双氧水,继续搅拌反应4h,经过离心、洗涤、60℃下干燥12h得到氮硫掺杂碳量子点/过氧化锌复合材料。
将实施例11中所制备的复合材料进行降解四环素测试:准确称取10mg复合物加到100mL,50mg/L四环素溶液中,带有400nm滤波片的300W氙灯为可见光源,整个反应过程在室温搅拌下进行。实验结果表明4h内可以降解85%的四环素。
本领域的技术人员容易理解,以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种量子点/过氧化物复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
将含有至少一种量子点的溶液与盐溶液混合均匀后,向该混合溶液中加入碱性沉淀剂和双氧水,发生过氧化反应生成过氧化物的同时该过氧化物与量子点进行原位复合,反应完成后进行离心分离、洗涤和干燥处理,得到所述量子点/过氧化物复合材料;
其中,所述盐溶液中溶解有锌盐、镁盐和钙盐中的至少一种。
2.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述量子点包括金属量子点或非金属量子点,所述非金属量子点包括碳量子点、石墨烯量子点、石墨相氮化碳量子点或元素掺杂非金属量子点;金属量子点包括贵金属量子点。
3.如权利要求2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述金属量子点包括金量子点、银量子点或铂量子点;所述元素掺杂非金属量子点包括氮掺杂非金属量子点或硫掺杂非金属量子点。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述碱性沉淀剂为氨水、氢氧化钠或氢氧化钾。
5.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述锌盐为硝酸锌、硫酸锌、氯化锌或醋酸锌,所述镁盐为硝酸镁、硫酸镁、氯化镁或醋酸镁,所述钙盐为硝酸钙、硫酸钙、氯化钙或醋酸钙。
6.如权利要求1所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述干燥处理具体为在50-90℃条件下干燥5-12h。
7.一种根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的制备方法得到的量子点/过氧化物复合材料。
8.如权利要求7所述的复合材料,其特征在于,所述复合材料粒径为20-200nm。
9.一种权利要求7或8所述的复合材料的应用,其特征在于,将所述复合材料用于在无外部能量激发条件下实现类芬顿反应降解有机污染物、或用于可见光催化降解有机污染物、或作为吸附剂去除水中重金属、或作为稳定剂稳定土壤中重金属、或用于制备肿瘤细胞增殖抑制剂或用作抗菌杀菌剂灭杀致病微生物。
10.一种权利要求7或8所述的复合材料的应用,其特征在于,该复合材料用于治理修复致病微生物、有机污染物和重金属共存的复合污染。
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