CN113174925A - Novel coral sand foundation pile using expanding agent and construction method - Google Patents

Novel coral sand foundation pile using expanding agent and construction method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113174925A
CN113174925A CN202110389017.0A CN202110389017A CN113174925A CN 113174925 A CN113174925 A CN 113174925A CN 202110389017 A CN202110389017 A CN 202110389017A CN 113174925 A CN113174925 A CN 113174925A
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pile
expanding agent
side wall
coral sand
carrier
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CN113174925B (en
Inventor
刘杰
陈子悦
韩绍康
程其芬
陶鑫波
汪岩松
郭建祥
孙荣琪
宋瑞
杜卓兴
杨浩宇
李运舟
石谦
莫承林
罗越文
杨诚
王梦楠
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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China Three Gorges University CTGU
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/02Improving by compacting
    • E02D3/08Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D27/00Foundations as substructures
    • E02D27/10Deep foundations
    • E02D27/12Pile foundations
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02DFOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
    • E02D3/00Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
    • E02D3/12Consolidating by placing solidifying or pore-filling substances in the soil

Abstract

The invention provides a novel coral sand foundation pile utilizing an expanding agent and a construction method, wherein carrier piles are uniformly distributed and buried in a coral sand foundation, and a lower tamping filling material area is arranged at the pile bottom part of each carrier pile; the lower tamping filling material area is internally filled with an expanding agent to form a bottom expansion head structure; the outer side wall of the carrier pile is provided with a plurality of side wall extension head branches, the interior of each side wall extension head branch is filled with an expanding agent and magnetic mortar, and an electromagnet device used for controlling the flowability of the magnetic mortar is arranged in each side wall extension head branch. The method is characterized in that an expanding agent is added to an expanding area at the bottom of the carrier pile and a branch area of a side wall extending expanding head to expand the carrier pile, coral sand around the pile is extruded, the density of the coral sand is improved, the pore water pressure of the coral sand is reduced, and the effective pressure among coral sand particles is increased.

Description

Novel coral sand foundation pile using expanding agent and construction method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel coral sand foundation pile utilizing an expanding agent and a construction method, which are particularly suitable for pile foundation construction of a coral sand foundation with a large-pore structure and belong to the technical field of pile foundation construction.
Background
The sandy soil liquefaction refers to loose saturated sandy soil below the underground water level, and tends to become more compact when being vibrated. However, the pores of the saturated sandy soil are completely filled with water, so that the pore water pressure is suddenly increased due to the action of the pore water which tends to be tight, and the suddenly increased pore water pressure cannot be dissipated within a short time in the earthquake process, so that the pressure (effective pressure) originally transmitted by the sand grains through the contact points is reduced, and when the effective pressure is completely dissipated, the sand layer completely loses the shear strength and the bearing capacity, and becomes a liquid-like state, namely a sandy soil liquefaction phenomenon.
With the rapid development of social economy, the pile foundation is widely applied to engineering construction of roads, ports, bridges and the like. The pile foundation bears the load transmitted from the upper part through the side friction resistance and the end resistance of the pile, so that the bearing capacity of the pile foundation and the strength utilization rate of unit materials are improved while the using amount of building materials is saved, and the pile foundation is one of important topics which are long-term concerned by researchers.
Coral sand, also called calcium, is a special medium formed by remains of marine organisms, has very high organic components, low strength, and is very easy to be broken. A large number of engineering examples and experimental data show that pile foundation experience based on conventional foundation materials is not applicable to calcareous sandy soil, and the main reason is that the stress born by the broken calcareous sand is very small, so that the disturbance of calcareous sandy foundation soil can be caused no matter a pile is driven or a cast-in-place pile, calcareous sand particles around the pile are broken, the stress relaxation phenomenon occurs, the side friction resistance and the end resistance of the pile can be weakened after the pile is formed, and the bearing capacity of the pile foundation is reduced. Therefore, the method for solving the series of problems has important significance for guiding the construction of the carrier pile foundation under the coral sand foundation condition and preventing the coral sand foundation from being liquefied.
For the coral sand foundation, after the traditional pile foundation construction method is used for forming a pile, coral sand around the pile is crushed, and liquefaction is easy to occur under the action of an earthquake, so that the pile foundation is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention relates to a novel coral sand foundation pile and a construction method thereof, which are independently designed aiming at the construction of a carrier pile foundation under the condition of guiding a coral sand foundation in engineering and are independently provided, and are used for preventing the coral sand foundation from generating a sand liquefaction phenomenon, so as to solve the problems that the construction difficulty of the prior coral sand foundation is high, the engineering is easy to fail after construction and the like.
In order to achieve the technical features, the invention is realized as follows: a novel coral sand foundation pile utilizing an expanding agent comprises carrier piles, wherein the carrier piles are uniformly distributed and buried in the coral sand foundation, and a lower tamping filling material area is arranged at the pile bottom of each carrier pile; the lower tamping filling material area is internally filled with an expanding agent to form a bottom expansion head structure; and a plurality of side wall extension head branches are arranged on the outer side wall of the carrier pile along the height direction of the carrier pile, an expanding agent and magnetic mortar are filled in the side wall extension head branches, and an electromagnet device for controlling the flowability of the magnetic mortar is arranged in the side wall extension head branches.
The carrier pile, the lower tamping filling area and the side wall extending expansion head branch are all formed by pouring concrete with an expanding agent.
The content of the expanding agent for the pile body of the carrier pile changes along with the difference of the depth of the carrier pile, the content of the expanding agent in concrete used at the lower part of the carrier pile is controlled to be 13-17%, and the content of the expanding agent in concrete at the middle part of the carrier pile is controlled to be 8-12%.
The lower rammed filling area adopts the mode that the expanding agent is added for multiple times in a layered mode, the content of the expanding agent added in each layer is correspondingly adjusted according to engineering requirements, and after the expanding agent cement paste in each layer is poured, a reinforcing device is adopted for reinforcing within 24 hours.
The reinforcing device adopts a high-strength thin-shell structure, and the shape of the thin-shell structure is matched with the shape cambered surface of the lower tamping filling area.
The content of the expanding agent in the branch of the side wall expansion head is changed according to the depth of the branch.
The electromagnet device is limited in the area where the side wall extends the extension head branch.
The construction method of the novel coral sand foundation pile by using the expanding agent comprises the following steps:
step 1: forming a pile hole: the drilling machine completes the construction of pile holes according to the design depth and the requirement of the aperture, then completes the preliminary construction of the lower part tamping filling material area of the carrier pile and the side wall extension expansion head branch area, takes corresponding measures to protect the formed pile holes, and protects the holes at the side wall extension expansion head branch;
step 2: side wall construction: placing an electromagnet device in the side wall extending expansion head branch hole, switching on a power switch, pouring magnetic mortar containing an expanding agent prepared in advance into the side wall extending expansion head branch hole, and supporting in time after pouring is finished until the expanding agent expands to a controllable state;
step 3: constructing a bottom expansion head: pouring cement mortar containing an expanding agent in a lower tamping filling area according to design requirements, and timely reinforcing and supporting the cement mortar on the free surface after the cement mortar reaches the first layer of design height until the expansion of the expanding agent reaches a controllable state; carrying out multilayer construction according to the process until the designed number of layers is finished;
step 4: pouring and tamping dry and hard concrete: after the construction of the bottom expansion head structure of the lower tamping filling material area is finished, continuously pouring hard concrete and tamping the hard concrete;
step 5: pile body construction: and placing a steel reinforcement cage into the pile hole according to design requirements, pouring cement mortar with different expanding agent contents according to depth from deep to shallow, and after pouring is completed, allowing the cement mortar containing the expanding agent to act, so that the pile body expands to form the novel coral sand foundation pile.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, the carrier pile is innovatively cast by adopting cement mortar containing an expanding agent in a coral sand area, so that the carrier pile is expanded after casting, and the coral sand around is extruded to be in a compact state, thus the bearing capacity of the foundation is greatly increased, and the engineering significance is further achieved.
2. The branch hole of the side wall extension expansion head provided by the invention is poured by magnetic mortar containing an expanding agent, so that the strength of the soil body around the pile is improved due to the injection of the magnetic mortar containing the expanding agent and the compaction of the expansion action of the expanded cement mortar pile body after the pile is formed, and the side wall frictional resistance is obviously improved.
3. The method is designed independently aiming at the coral sand foundation construction technology which is independently proposed and applied to the engineering, can well prevent the coral sand foundation from being damaged by the sand liquefaction phenomenon, and reduces the harm brought by the foundation settlement to a certain extent.
4. The expansion area at the bottom of the layered pouring carrier pile provided by the invention enables the expansion process to be controllable, has a better compaction effect, and is reinforced by adopting the reinforcing device after each layer of pouring is finished, so that the downward reaction of the expanding agent is ensured, and the coral sand foundation can be fully compacted.
5. The electromagnet device provided by the invention can well control the flow of the magnetic mortar containing the expanding agent, prevent the mortar from flowing in the pores of the coral sand foundation to generate waste of the mortar, and control the molding of the mortar, so that the pile foundation has better integrity, and the bearing requirement can be well met.
6. The method effectively solves the problems that the coral sand foundation is easy to be subjected to sand liquefaction and the like under the action of an earthquake, thereby greatly improving the bearing capacity of the foundation.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following figures and examples.
Fig. 1 is an overall schematic view of a pile body of the carrier pile of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a top view of the invention taken from the location A-A in FIG. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of an electromagnet apparatus according to the present invention.
In the figure: coral sand foundation 1, expanding agent 2, carrier pile 3, lower tamping filling area 4, side wall extension expansion head branch 5, electromagnet device 6 and magnetic mortar 7.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1-3, a novel coral sand foundation pile using an expanding agent comprises carrier piles 3, wherein the carrier piles 3 are uniformly distributed and buried in the coral sand foundation 1, and the pile bottom of the carrier piles 3 is provided with a lower rammed filler zone 4; the inside of the lower tamping filling material area 4 is filled with an expanding agent 2 to form a bottom expansion head structure; a plurality of side wall extending expansion head branches 5 are arranged on the outer side wall of the carrier pile 3 along the height direction of the carrier pile, an expanding agent 2 and magnetic mortar 7 are filled in the side wall extending expansion head branches 5, and an electromagnet device 6 for controlling the flowability of the magnetic mortar 7 is arranged in the side wall extending expansion head branches 5. Through adopting the foundation pile of above-mentioned structure, through extending to carrier pile bottom extension district and lateral wall and extending the extension head branch region and add expanding agent, make its inflation, the pericoral sand of extrusion stake, improve coral sand density, make the coral sand ground normal water be difficult to get into pericoral sand of stake, reduced coral sand pore water pressure, the effective pressure between the coral sand granule can grow, thereby effectively prevented and treated the liquefaction of sand body in the coral sand ground, improve pile-forming stability, have extensive engineering practice meaning and application prospect.
Further, the carrier piles 3, the lower rammed filler areas 4 and the side wall extending expansion head branches 5 are all formed by pouring concrete with the expanding agent 2. The cement mortar with the expanding agent 2 expands after being poured, so that the compactness of the coral sand foundation 1 is improved, the phenomena of sand liquefaction and the like are prevented, and the bearing capacity of the carrier pile foundation is further improved.
Further, the content of the expanding agent 2 for the pile body of the carrier pile 3 changes with the depth of the carrier pile 3, the content of the expanding agent 2 in concrete used at the lower part of the carrier pile 3 is controlled to be 13-17%, and the content of the expanding agent 2 in concrete at the middle part of the carrier pile 3 is controlled to be 8-12%.
The main reason why the carrier pile 3 is provided with the expanding agents 2 with different contents is that the content of the expanding agent of the pile body of the carrier pile 3 changes along with the depth change, and the deeper the depth is, the higher the pressure intensity of the pile body is, so that the content of the expanding agent is higher, and the better expansion effect is achieved. The lower content of the expanding agent at the shallow buried depth of the pile body of the carrier pile 3 prevents the overlarge content of the expanding agent and prevents the pile body from being damaged due to overlarge pressure intensity balance.
Further, the lower rammed filler zone 4 adopts the layered multiple addition of the expanding agent 2, the content of the expanding agent 2 added in each layer is correspondingly adjusted according to the engineering requirements, and the reinforcing treatment is carried out within 24 hours after the cement paste of each layer of the expanding agent 2 is poured. The expansion agent 2 is added in layers, so that the deformation is easier to control, and the compaction effect is better. The reinforcing device is used for reinforcing in order to prevent the upward expansion of the reinforcing device and damage to the pouring space of the pile body of the carrier pile.
Furthermore, the reinforcing device adopts a high-strength thin-shell structure, and the shape of the thin-shell structure is matched with the shape cambered surface of the lower rammed filling area 4.
Preferably, the reinforcing device is made of a steel plate with relatively high strength.
Further, the content of the expanding agent 2 inside the side wall extension expansion head branch 5 is changed according to the depth of the side wall extension expansion head branch.
Furthermore, the electromagnet device 6 is limited in the area where the side wall extension expansion head branch 5 is located, and waste caused by turbulence of cement slurry in coral sand pores is prevented.
The action mechanism of the invention is as follows:
a new coral sand foundation pile and construction method to utilize swelling agent, it pours the cement mortar containing swelling agent 2 in the lower ramming the filler area 4 in layers, make the foundation of the bottom of the carrier pile 1 in the steady state, improve the stability of the basement; and additionally arranging a side wall extension expansion head branch 5, thereby improving the side frictional resistance of the pile by using cement mortar containing expanding agent; when the magnetic mortar containing the expanding agent is poured, the electromagnet device 6 is adopted to control the flowing range of the magnetic mortar and reduce the loss of the magnetic mortar containing the expanding agent. The expanding agent is added into the areas of the filler area 4 tamped at the lower part of the carrier pile and the extension head branch 5 extended from the side wall of the side wall to expand the carrier pile, coral sand around the pile is extruded, the density of the coral sand is improved, water in the coral sand foundation 1 is difficult to enter the coral sand around the pile, the pore water pressure of the coral sand is reduced, and the effective pressure among coral sand particles can be increased, so that the liquefaction of sand in the coral sand foundation 1 is effectively prevented and controlled, the pile forming stability is improved, the construction process is clear, the construction speed is high, the pile forming effect is good, the bearing capacity of the foundation is greatly increased, the construction cost is low, and the expanding agent has wide engineering practice significance and application prospect.
Example 2:
the construction method of the novel coral sand foundation pile by using the expanding agent comprises the following steps:
step 1: forming a pile hole: the drilling machine completes the pile hole construction according to the design depth and the aperture requirement, then completes the preliminary construction of the lower part tamping filling material area 4 of the carrier pile 3 and the side wall extension expansion head branch 5 area, takes corresponding measures to protect the formed pile hole, and protects the hole at the side wall extension expansion head branch 5;
step 2: side wall construction: an electromagnet device 6 is placed in the hole of the side wall extension expansion head branch 5, a power switch is switched on, magnetic mortar 7 containing an expanding agent 2 prepared in advance is poured into the hole of the side wall extension expansion head branch 5, and support is timely carried out after pouring is finished until the expanding agent 2 expands to reach a controllable state;
step 3: constructing a bottom expansion head: pouring cement mortar containing an expanding agent 2 in a lower rammed filler area 4 according to design requirements, and timely reinforcing and supporting the cement mortar on the free surface after the cement mortar reaches the first layer of design height until the expanding agent 2 expands to reach a controllable state; carrying out multilayer construction according to the process until the designed number of layers is finished;
step 4: pouring and tamping dry and hard concrete: after the construction of the bottom expansion head structure of the lower tamping filling material area 4 is finished, continuously pouring the dry and hard concrete and tamping the dry and hard concrete;
step 5: pile body construction: and placing a steel reinforcement cage into the pile hole according to design requirements, pouring cement mortar with different contents of the expanding agent 2 according to depth from deep to shallow, and after pouring is completed, allowing the cement mortar containing the expanding agent 2 to act, and expanding the pile body to form the novel coral sand foundation pile.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides an utilize novel coral sand ground foundation pile of expanding agent which characterized in that: the coral sand foundation comprises carrier piles (3), wherein the carrier piles (3) are uniformly distributed and buried in the coral sand foundation (1), and a lower tamping filling material area (4) is arranged at the pile bottom of the carrier piles (3); the inside of the lower tamping filling material area (4) is filled with an expanding agent (2) to form a bottom expansion head structure; the outer side wall of the carrier pile (3) is provided with a plurality of side wall extending expansion head branches (5) along the height direction, the side wall extending expansion head branches (5) are filled with an expanding agent (2) and magnetic mortar (7), and an electromagnet device (6) for controlling the flowability of the magnetic mortar (7) is arranged in the side wall extending expansion head branches (5).
2. The pile of claim 1, wherein the coral sand foundation is formed by: the carrier pile (3), the lower tamping filling area (4) and the side wall extending expansion head branch (5) are all formed by pouring concrete with an expanding agent (2).
3. The pile for foundation of coral sand using an expansive agent as set forth in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the content of the expanding agent (2) for the pile body of the carrier pile (3) changes along with the difference of the depth of the carrier pile (3), the content of the expanding agent (2) in concrete used at the lower part of the carrier pile (3) is controlled to be 13-17%, and the content of the expanding agent (2) in concrete at the middle part of the carrier pile (3) is controlled to be 8-12%.
4. The pile of claim 1, wherein the coral sand foundation is formed by: the lower rammed filling area (4) adopts the method that the expanding agent (2) is added for multiple times in a layered mode, the content of the expanding agent (2) added in each layer is correspondingly adjusted according to engineering requirements, and a reinforcing device is adopted for reinforcing treatment within 24 hours after the expanding agent (2) in each layer is poured by cement paste.
5. The pile of claim 4, wherein the expanding agent is selected from the group consisting of: the reinforcing device adopts a high-strength thin-shell structure, and the appearance of the thin-shell structure is matched with the appearance cambered surface of the lower rammed filling area (4).
6. The pile of claim 1, wherein the coral sand foundation is formed by: the content of the expanding agent (2) in the side wall extending expansion head branch (5) is changed according to the depth of the side wall extending expansion head branch.
7. The pile of claim 1, wherein the coral sand foundation is formed by: the electromagnet device (6) is limited in the area of the side wall extension head branch (5).
8. The method for constructing a foundation pile of a new coral sand using an expansive agent as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
step 1: forming a pile hole: the drilling machine completes pile hole construction according to the design depth and the aperture requirement, then completes the preliminary construction of the lower part tamping filling area (4) of the carrier pile (3) and the side wall extension expansion head branch (5) area, takes corresponding measures to protect the formed pile hole, and protects the hole at the side wall extension expansion head branch (5);
step 2: side wall construction: an electromagnet device (6) is placed in a hole of the side wall extending expansion head branch (5), a power switch is switched on, magnetic mortar (7) containing an expanding agent (2) prepared in advance is poured into the hole of the side wall extending expansion head branch (5), and supporting is carried out in time after pouring is finished until the expanding agent (2) expands to a controllable state;
step 3: constructing a bottom expansion head: pouring cement mortar containing the expanding agent (2) in a lower tamping filling area (4) according to design requirements, and timely reinforcing and supporting the concrete on the empty surface after the first layer of the concrete reaches the design height until the expanding agent (2) expands to a controllable state; carrying out multilayer construction according to the process until the designed number of layers is finished;
step 4: pouring and tamping dry and hard concrete: after the construction of the bottom expansion head structure of the lower tamping filling material area (4) is finished, continuously pouring the dry and hard concrete and tamping the dry and hard concrete;
step 5: pile body construction: and placing a steel reinforcement cage into the pile hole according to design requirements, pouring cement mortar with different contents of the expanding agent (2) according to depth from deep to shallow, and after pouring is completed, allowing the cement mortar containing the expanding agent (2) to act, so that the pile body expands to form the novel coral sand foundation pile.
CN202110389017.0A 2021-04-12 2021-04-12 Coral sand ground foundation pile using expanding agent and construction method Active CN113174925B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114457833A (en) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-10 三峡大学 Pile foundation structure capable of being strengthened on coral sand and method

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000186323A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-07-04 Yoshio Kinoshita Concrete pile with base isolation device
CN102162244A (en) * 2011-03-11 2011-08-24 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 Expansive concrete caisson pile and manufacturing method thereof, and concrete expanding agent
CN105155517A (en) * 2015-09-18 2015-12-16 杭州江润科技有限公司 Drilling extrusion bearing type capsular branch pile construction method
CN210459189U (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-05-05 张掖市陇原地基基础工程有限公司 Novel BNT carrier pile and construction equipment thereof

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000186323A (en) * 1998-12-21 2000-07-04 Yoshio Kinoshita Concrete pile with base isolation device
CN102162244A (en) * 2011-03-11 2011-08-24 中国建筑材料科学研究总院 Expansive concrete caisson pile and manufacturing method thereof, and concrete expanding agent
CN105155517A (en) * 2015-09-18 2015-12-16 杭州江润科技有限公司 Drilling extrusion bearing type capsular branch pile construction method
CN210459189U (en) * 2019-05-29 2020-05-05 张掖市陇原地基基础工程有限公司 Novel BNT carrier pile and construction equipment thereof

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114457833A (en) * 2022-02-21 2022-05-10 三峡大学 Pile foundation structure capable of being strengthened on coral sand and method
CN114457833B (en) * 2022-02-21 2024-03-12 三峡大学 Pile foundation structure capable of being reinforced on coral sand and method

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