CN113174489A - Low-temperature fusion casting process for lead grid - Google Patents
Low-temperature fusion casting process for lead grid Download PDFInfo
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- CN113174489A CN113174489A CN202110510399.8A CN202110510399A CN113174489A CN 113174489 A CN113174489 A CN 113174489A CN 202110510399 A CN202110510399 A CN 202110510399A CN 113174489 A CN113174489 A CN 113174489A
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- lead
- low
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- grid
- waste gas
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/001—Dry processes
- C22B7/003—Dry processes only remelting, e.g. of chips, borings, turnings; apparatus used therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B13/00—Obtaining lead
- C22B13/02—Obtaining lead by dry processes
- C22B13/025—Recovery from waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B15/00—Obtaining copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B7/00—Working up raw materials other than ores, e.g. scrap, to produce non-ferrous metals and compounds thereof; Methods of a general interest or applied to the winning of more than two metals
- C22B7/005—Separation by a physical processing technique only, e.g. by mechanical breaking
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of secondary lead smelting, and particularly discloses a low-temperature lead grid casting process, which comprises the following operations: recovering the waste lead-acid storage battery, mechanically crushing and screening to obtain a lead grid; putting the lead grid into a drying kiln, drying to control the water content to be 5% -15%, generating smoke in the drying process, treating the smoke by a bag-type dust remover to obtain dust and waste gas, periodically returning the dust to a smelting furnace for batching, and discharging the waste gas after desulfurization treatment; sending the dried lead grid into a smelting furnace, carrying out low-temperature melting under stirring at the temperature of 400-450 ℃ and fishing out infusible substances, and generating lead liquid and infusible substances after low-temperature melting; and casting a ingot from the lead liquid, screening the infusible matter to obtain a copper pole column and metal oxide, selling the copper pole column outside, and returning the metal oxide to a smelting furnace for batching. The method not only obviously reduces the waste gas amount generated by smelting and the lead discharge amount in the waste gas, but also obviously reduces the recovery cost of the secondary lead, and the recovery cost of each ton of lead is controlled within 100 yuan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of secondary lead smelting, in particular to a low-temperature fusion casting process for a lead grid.
Background
The waste storage battery is recovered and then melted and remilled to produce refined lead, soft lead, various lead-based alloys and the like, and the secondary lead occupies an important position in the lead industry, so that the consumption of primary lead ore resources is reduced, the mineral reserve is protected, the lead ore mining period is prolonged, and the environment protection is facilitated; more importantly, compared with the original lead, the secondary lead has high recovery rate, low energy consumption and low cost. In the prior art, most enterprises directly put high-purity lead grids into a high-temperature furnace for high-temperature smelting, and the cost of lead smelting per ton is nearly thousand yuan; and some lead melting pots are adopted for melting, the melting cost of the process is different according to different fuels, and the biggest defects are low melting efficiency and high slag yield, which cause large loss of small metal in the waste storage battery, large labor intensity of workers and large pollution. In addition, the low-temperature smelting is carried out by adopting a converter, natural gas and pure oxygen are used as heat supply sources, and flame directly contacts with a lead grid, so that the oxidation rate of lead is high, the slag rate is 20-30%, and the slag contains 85-90%, although continuous production can be realized, the production efficiency is low, the lead yield is low, and the smelting cost is increased invisibly. Therefore, how to design a low-temperature lead grid casting process with low cost and good smelting effect is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a low-temperature casting process of a lead grid.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a low-temperature lead grid casting process comprises the following operation steps:
firstly, recovering waste lead-acid storage batteries, mechanically crushing the recovered waste lead-acid storage batteries, and screening the recovered waste lead-acid storage batteries to obtain a lead grid;
secondly, putting the lead grid into a drying kiln for drying, controlling the water content of the lead grid to be 5% -15%, generating smoke in the drying process, processing the smoke by a bag-type dust collector to obtain dust and waste gas, returning the dust to the third step for low-temperature melting, and discharging the waste gas after the sulfur removal treatment reaches the discharge standard;
thirdly, sending the lead grid obtained in the second step into a smelting furnace, carrying out low-temperature melting under stirring at the temperature of 400-450 ℃, taking out infusible substances floating on the surface of the lead liquid, and generating the lead liquid and infusible substances after low-temperature melting;
and fourthly, casting the molten lead into ingots, screening the infusible matter to obtain copper poles and metal oxides, selling the copper poles, and returning the metal oxides to a smelting furnace for batching.
Preferably, the drying kiln is dried by hot air, and the waste gas generated in the drying process is subjected to at least twice dedusting treatment and then to desulphurization treatment.
Preferably, the hot air is provided by a hot air furnace using natural gas as fuel, and the two-time dust removal treatment comprises primary dust removal treatment by a cyclone dust remover and secondary dust removal treatment by a bag-type dust remover.
Compared with the traditional high-temperature 1300 ℃ smelting, the low-temperature smelting is carried out at the temperature of 400-450 ℃, so that the high-temperature volatilization of lead in the smelting process is reduced, the lead emission in the waste gas is greatly reduced, and the waste gas generation amount is reduced by at least 60%. More importantly, the invention obviously reduces the recovery cost of the secondary lead, and the recovery cost of each ton of lead is controlled within 100 yuan.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the smelting mechanism in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. stacking lead grids; 2. a glass fiber reinforced plastic washing tower; 21. a dust removal fan; 3. a second delivery pipe; 4. a bag-type dust collector; 5. a central control room; 6. a first delivery pipe; 7. storing in a lead grid; 8. a weighing feeder; 9. a large inclination angle conveyor; 10. a cyclone dust collector; 11. a hot blast stove; 12. a drying kiln and a drying kiln steel platform; 13. a smelting mechanism; 131. a mounting frame; 132. an automatic slag conveyor; 133. an automatic screening machine; 134. a blender; 135. a heat accumulating type casting furnace; 136. a disc ingot casting machine.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A low temperature lead grid fusion casting process performed in a system as shown in fig. 1-2 collectively, the system comprising: the lead grid drying device comprises a lead grid storage bin 1, a lead grid storage bin 7, a weighing feeder 8, a large-inclination-angle conveyor 9, a drying kiln and drying kiln steel platform 12 (a hot blast stove 11 is arranged on one side of the drying kiln and drying kiln steel platform 12, the hot blast stove 11 adopts natural gas as a heat supply source, when a drying device dries a lead grid, workers can heat air through the hot blast stove 11, the heated hot air is conveyed into the drying kiln and drying kiln steel platform 12 to dewater the lead grid in the drying kiln), a waste gas treatment device (used for treating waste gas generated in the drying process and comprising a cyclone dust collector 10, a bag dust collector 4, a dust removal fan 21 and a glass fiber reinforced plastic washing tower 2 is arranged, a first conveying pipe 6 is connected between the cyclone dust collector 10 and the bag collector 4, a second conveying pipe 3 is connected between the bag dust collector 4 and the dust removal fan 21, and a conveying pipe are connected between the dust removal fan 21 and the glass fiber reinforced plastic washing tower 2), Smelting mechanism 13 (including mounting bracket 131, be equipped with two heat accumulation formula founding furnaces 135 and disc ingot casting machine 136 on the mounting bracket 131, and automatic screening machine 133 is all installed to mounting bracket 131 both sides, all be connected with automatic dragger 132 between two heat accumulation formula founding furnaces 135 and two automatic screening machines 133, and the inside of two heat accumulation formula founding furnaces 135 all installs mixer 134, and mixer 134 can stir the lead grid to the melting of lead grid with higher speed, thereby improve the melting efficiency of lead grid) and central control room 5.
The low-temperature fusion casting is carried out according to the following operation steps:
firstly, recovering waste lead-acid storage batteries, mechanically crushing and screening to obtain lead grids, and stacking the lead grids in a lead grid stacking bin 1;
secondly, weighing the lead grids by a weighing feeder 8, then quantitatively conveying the lead grids to a large-inclination-angle conveyor 9, and further conveying the lead grids to a drying kiln for drying, wherein the water content of the lead grids is controlled to be 5%; waste gas generated in the drying process is conveyed to a cyclone dust collector 10 by a dust removal fan 21, the cyclone dust collector 10 carries out primary treatment on the waste gas, then the waste gas is conveyed into a bag-type dust collector 4 under the action of a first conveying pipe 6 for secondary treatment, and finally the waste gas is conveyed into a glass fiber reinforced plastic washing tower 2 for washing under the action of a second conveying pipe 3 and the dust removal fan 21 to reach the emission standard and then is discharged;
thirdly, feeding the lead grid obtained in the second step into a smelting furnace, carrying out low-temperature melting under the stirring of a stirrer 134 at 400 ℃, generating molten lead and infusible substances after the low-temperature melting, and fishing out the infusible substances floating on the surface of the molten lead through an automatic slag conveyor 132;
fourthly, discharging the lead liquid from a discharge port and conveying the lead liquid into a disc for casting
The ingot casting machine 136 casts ingots, the disc ingot casting machine 136 is provided with a plurality of casting cavities which are circumferentially arranged, ingot casting can be uninterruptedly carried out, infusible substances are screened to obtain copper poles and metal oxides, the copper poles are sold outside, and the metal oxides are returned to the smelting furnace for batching.
Example 2
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the water content of the lead grid is adjusted to 10%, the smelting temperature of the regenerative casting furnace 135 is adjusted to 420 ℃, and the other technical parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 3
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the water content of the lead grid is adjusted to be 14%, the smelting temperature of the regenerative casting furnace 135 is adjusted to be 430 ℃, and the other technical parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
Example 4
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the water content of the lead grid is adjusted to 15%, the smelting temperature of the regenerative casting furnace 135 is adjusted to 450 ℃, and the other technical parameters are the same as those of the embodiment 1.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (3)
1. A low-temperature fusion casting process for a lead grid is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following operation steps:
firstly, recovering waste lead-acid storage batteries, mechanically crushing the recovered waste lead-acid storage batteries, and screening the recovered waste lead-acid storage batteries to obtain a lead grid;
secondly, putting the lead grid into a drying kiln for drying, controlling the water content of the lead grid to be 5% -15%, generating smoke in the drying process, processing the smoke by a bag-type dust collector to obtain dust and waste gas, returning the dust to the third step for low-temperature melting, and discharging the waste gas after the sulfur removal treatment reaches the discharge standard;
thirdly, sending the lead grid obtained in the second step into a smelting furnace, carrying out low-temperature melting under stirring at the temperature of 400-450 ℃, taking out infusible substances floating on the surface of the lead liquid, and generating the lead liquid and infusible substances after low-temperature melting;
and fourthly, casting the molten lead into ingots, screening the infusible matter to obtain copper poles and metal oxides, selling the copper poles, and returning the metal oxides to a smelting furnace for batching.
2. The low-temperature fusion casting process of the lead grid according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying kiln is dried by hot air, and the waste gas generated in the drying process is subjected to at least twice dedusting treatment and then to desulphurization treatment.
3. The low-temperature fusion casting process of the lead grid according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hot air is provided by a hot blast stove taking natural gas as fuel, and the two-time dust removal treatment comprises primary dust removal treatment by a cyclone dust collector and secondary dust removal treatment by a bag-type dust collector.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110510399.8A CN113174489A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Low-temperature fusion casting process for lead grid |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110510399.8A CN113174489A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Low-temperature fusion casting process for lead grid |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113174489A true CN113174489A (en) | 2021-07-27 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110510399.8A Pending CN113174489A (en) | 2021-05-11 | 2021-05-11 | Low-temperature fusion casting process for lead grid |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104911373A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-16 | 淄博明泰电器科技有限公司 | Closed heating lead smelting system |
| CN106252743A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽华铂再生资源科技有限公司 | Waste lead acid battery lead part, lead grid low temperature take off slag and copper-base post process for separating and recovering |
| CN108342581A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-31 | 江苏新春兴再生资源有限责任公司 | The separation melting systems and method of scrap lead aperture plate in a kind of recycling of lead-acid accumulator |
| US20200259218A1 (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2020-08-13 | Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Battery grid lead scrap melting apparatus and method |
-
2021
- 2021-05-11 CN CN202110510399.8A patent/CN113174489A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104911373A (en) * | 2015-06-29 | 2015-09-16 | 淄博明泰电器科技有限公司 | Closed heating lead smelting system |
| CN106252743A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2016-12-21 | 安徽华铂再生资源科技有限公司 | Waste lead acid battery lead part, lead grid low temperature take off slag and copper-base post process for separating and recovering |
| CN108342581A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-07-31 | 江苏新春兴再生资源有限责任公司 | The separation melting systems and method of scrap lead aperture plate in a kind of recycling of lead-acid accumulator |
| WO2019205941A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | 江苏新春兴再生资源有限责任公司 | Separating and melting system and method for waste lead grid in waste lead acid storage battery recycling |
| US20200259218A1 (en) * | 2019-02-13 | 2020-08-13 | Wirtz Manufacturing Company, Inc. | Battery grid lead scrap melting apparatus and method |
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Application publication date: 20210727 |