CN113168813A - 电光装置和电子设备 - Google Patents

电光装置和电子设备 Download PDF

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CN113168813A
CN113168813A CN201980077357.0A CN201980077357A CN113168813A CN 113168813 A CN113168813 A CN 113168813A CN 201980077357 A CN201980077357 A CN 201980077357A CN 113168813 A CN113168813 A CN 113168813A
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transistor
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豊村直史
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Sony Semiconductor Solutions Corp
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    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/121—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays characterised by the geometry or disposition of pixel elements
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    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
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Abstract

本发明的目的是通过使电光装置不必为了保持用于驱动发光元件的电压而将晶体管恒定地保持在导通，以减小电光装置中的功耗。提供了一种电光装置，其配备有有源矩阵驱动电路，有源矩阵驱动电路将与视频信号的灰度相对应的电压施加到发光元件(15)，其中，该电光装置包括：用于驱动的第一晶体管(DrvTr)，该第一晶体管的源极连接到发光元件的阳极(Vanode)；第二晶体管(Tr3)，用于阳极电压设置，该第二晶体管连接在阳极和电源(Vss)之间，并且确定要施加到阳极的电压；以及连接到阳极的保持电容器(Cs2)和第三晶体管(Tr5)，用于在发光期间保持阳极电压。

Description

电光装置和电子设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电光装置和电子设备。
背景技术
使用诸如有机发光二极管(以下称为“OLED”)之类的元件作为发光元件的电光装置是已知的。在电光装置中，在扫描线和数据线相交的每个位置处对应于像素设置包括发光元件、晶体管等的像素电路。在像素电路中，当处于基于像素的色调电平的电位的数据信号被施加到晶体管的栅极时，晶体管将基于栅极和源极两端的电压的电流提供给发光元件，并且发光元件以基于色调电平的亮度发光。
专利文献1中描述的电路已经被提出为有源型OLED驱动电路。该驱动电路包括能够在两种模式下操作的像素电路，即一种用于电流驱动的模式和一种用于电压驱动的模式。
现有技术文献
专利文献
专利文献1：US 2011/0074758 A1
发明内容
技术问题
然而，对于专利文献1，当执行电压驱动时，为了保持OLED阳极电压，需要保持电流连续地在晶体管中流动，而不管屏幕中的显示状态如何。因此，存在例如当在前屏幕上显示黑色时也会持续消耗功率的问题。
本技术的目的是提供一种能够解决这种问题的电光装置和电子设备。
问题的解决方案
根据本技术的电光装置是具有基于图像信号色调向发光元件施加电压的有源矩阵驱动电路的电光装置，该电光装置包括：
用于驱动的第一晶体管，该第一晶体管的源极连接到所述发光元件的阳极；
第二晶体管，用于设置阳极电压，该第二晶体管连接在阳极和电源之间，并且确定施加到阳极的电压；以及
保持电容器和第三晶体管，连接到阳极，用于在发光期间保持阳极电压。本技术也是包括上述电光装置的电子设备。
发明的有利效果
根据至少一个实施例，可以不必使晶体管保持导通来保持驱动发光元件的电压，这使得可以降低功耗。此外，这里描述的效果不一定是限制性的，并且可以获得本技术中描述的任何一种效果或与它们不同的效果。此外，本技术的内容不应根据以下描述中所示的效果被限制性地解释。
附图说明
图1是示出包括可以应用本技术的有源矩阵驱动电路的有机EL显示装置的框图。
图2是示出有机EL显示装置中的像素单元的配置的框图。
图3是示出常规像素电路的配置的连接图。
图4是示出常规像素电路的操作的时序图。
图5是根据本技术的第一实施例的连接图。
图6是示出根据第一实施例的操作的时序图。
图7是根据第一实施例的变型的连接图。
图8是示出根据第一实施例的变型的操作的时序图。
图9是根据本技术的第二实施例的连接图。
图10是示出根据第二实施例的操作的时序图。
图11是根据第二实施例的变型的连接图。
图12是示出根据第二实施例的变型的操作的时序图。
具体实施方式
下面描述的实施例是本技术的优选具体示例，并且对其应用各种技术上优选的限制。然而，本技术的范围不限于实施例，除非在下面的描述中另有规定。
在描述本技术之前，将描述专利文献1中公开的常规显示装置(电光装置)的配置。如图1所示，在包括有源矩阵驱动电路的有机EL显示装置10中，扫描线驱动电路11、直流(DC)电压供给单元12、数据线(信号线)驱动电路13、以及像素单元14形成在半导体衬底(例如硅衬底)上。关于像素单元14，多条扫描线从扫描线驱动电路11沿水平方向延伸，并且多条数据线从数据线驱动电路13沿垂直方向延伸。
如图2中部分示出的，设置了驱动像素单元的晶体管Tr1的扫描线驱动电路11a和驱动像素单元的晶体管Tr2的扫描线驱动电路11b。连接到在垂直方向上延伸的数据线和在水平方向上延伸的扫描线的像素电路以矩阵布置。像素电路被设置为对应于像素的三原色，如R(红色)、G(绿色)和蓝色(B)所示。这三个像素代表彩色图像的单个点。
图3示出了单个像素的像素电路14m。像素电路14m连接到来自扫描线驱动电路11a的扫描线Xm1、来自扫描线驱动电路11b的扫描线Xm2、以及来自数据线驱动电路13的数据线Ym。OLED 15的阳极通过晶体管Tr4的源极和漏极连接到驱动晶体管DrvTr的源极，并且驱动晶体管DrvTr的漏极连接到正被提供DC电压VCCP的电源线。来自DC电压供给单元12b的DC电压被提供到晶体管Tr4的栅极。驱动晶体管DrvTr的源极被写入为阳极节点Vanode。OLED 15由阳极节点Vanode处的电压(图像信号的色调)驱动。
P沟道晶体管Tr1的栅极连接到数据线Xm1，并且N沟道晶体管Tr2的栅极连接到数据线Xm2。晶体管Tr1和Tr2的相应源极和漏极彼此连接。信号电压Vsig经由数据线Ym提供给公共漏极连接点。
晶体管Tr1和Tr2的公共源极连接点连接到驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅极。用作保持电容器的电容器Cs插入在将公共源极连接点与驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅极连接的连接线和正被提供DC电压VSS的电源线之间。
被提供DC电压VSS的电源线连接到晶体管Tr3的漏极，并且晶体管Tr3的源极连接到驱动晶体管DrvTr的源极。来自DC电压供给单元12a的DC电压被提供到晶体管Tr3的栅极。晶体管Tr3是阳极电压设定晶体管，其用于确定施加到阳极的电压。电容器Cs保持驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅极和向其提供VSS的电源线之间的信号电压Vsig分量。
图4是示出常规像素电路14m的电压驱动的时序图。该电路是一种电压驱动电路，其通过根据信号电压Vsig改变施加到阳极节点Vanode的电压来逐个色调地控制OLED 15的发光亮度。下面将描述用于确定施加到阳极节点Vanode的电压的方法。
在施加使晶体管Tr3导通的DC电压的状态下，晶体管Tr1和Tr2在写入信号时导通，并且写入信号电压Vsig。此时，期望晶体管Tr3的栅极电压被设置为面板平面内最高的阈值电压。
晶体管Tr3继续提供恒定电流，并且等效电流在驱动晶体管DrvTr中流动，使得驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅源电压Vgs_Drv成为对应于该电流的电压。当信号电压Vsig被写入栅极时，源极电压(即阳极节点Vanode)确定如下。Vgs_Drv是驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅源电压。
Vsig-Vgs_Drv
与晶体管Tr3相同的DC电压也被施加到晶体管Tr4，因此阳极节点Vanode保持在由上式所示的电压。对应于阳极节点Vanode的电压的电流在OLED 15中流动，并且OLED以对应于信号电压的亮度发光。
N沟道晶体管Tr3由于DC电压而持续导通。这对于保持Vanode用于确定OLED 15的发光亮度是必要的。然而，在常规的像素电路中，存在晶体管Tr3持续导通的问题，这意味着无论屏幕的显示状态如何，甚至例如在整个屏幕上显示黑色时，也都持续消耗功率。
下面将参照图5描述本技术的第一实施例。根据第一实施例的像素单元由141表示，并且像素电路由141m表示。像素电路141m具有第二保持电容器Cs2和开关晶体管Tr5已添加到图3所示的上述常规配置中的配置。保持电容器Cs2连接在用作第一晶体管的驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅极和用作第三晶体管的开关晶体管Tr5的漏极之间，并且开关晶体管Tr5的源极连接到驱动晶体管DrvTr的源极。然而，与图5所示的配置不同，开关晶体管Tr5可以连接到驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅极侧，并且保持电容器Cs2可以连接到驱动晶体管DrvTr的源极侧。
此外，来自扫描电路21的脉冲信号被提供给晶体管Tr3的栅极，该晶体管Tr3被连接在阳极节点Vanode和电源之间，并且用作确定施加到阳极的电压的用于阳极电压设置的第二晶体管，并且DC电压从DC电压供给单元22提供给晶体管Tr4的栅极。来自扫描电路23的脉冲信号被提供给已经添加的开关晶体管Tr5的栅极。晶体管Tr3和Tr5具有相同的导电类型(N沟道)。
图6是示出根据本技术的第一实施例的像素电路141m的电压驱动的时序图。晶体管Tr4由于来自DC电压供给单元22的DC电压而持续导通。晶体管Tr1和Tr2在写入信号时导通。
此外，当写入信号时并且在信号写入之前的发光时段接近结束时，晶体管Tr3通过来自扫描电路21的脉冲信号导通。在信号的写入结束后，晶体管Tr5在晶体管Tr3关断的同时导通。阳极节点Vanode的电压由保持电容器Cs2保持。换句话说，由于在写入被提供给晶体管Tr3的信号时而导通的脉冲信号，因此在晶体管Tr3中流动的电流仅在信号被写入的行的像素中流动。这使得与常规技术中对晶体管Tr3施加DC电压的配置相比，能够降低功率。
此外，驱动晶体管Tr3和Tr5的脉冲的相位被反转，并且可以消除来自各个晶体管的对阳极节点Vanode的电荷注入的影响。因此，阳极节点Vanode可以精确地保持在(Vsig-Vgs_Drv)。
图7示出了第一实施例的变型的配置。开关晶体管Tr5已被改变为P沟道开关晶体管Tr6。图8是示出根据变化的电压驱动的时序图。
晶体管Tr3和开关晶体管Tr6具有不同的导电类型(N沟道和P沟道)，因此可以使用相同极性的脉冲信号将晶体管Tr3从关断至导通，将开关晶体管Tr6从导通至关断。因此，可以为晶体管Tr3和开关晶体管Tr6设置共享的扫描电路24，这使得可以将扫描电路的数目减少一个。
将参照图9描述本技术的第二实施例。根据第二实施例的像素单元由142表示，并且像素电路由142m表示。像素电路142m具有将第二保持电容器Cs2和开关晶体管Tr5添加到图3所示的上述常规配置中的配置。开关晶体管Tr5的源极连接到驱动晶体管DrvTr的源极，并且第二保持电容器Cs2连接在开关晶体管Tr5的漏极和向其(电源线)提供固定电源(例如DC电压VSS)的电源线之间。然而，与图9的配置不同，开关晶体管Tr5和保持电容器Cs2的连接顺序可以相反。
图10是示出根据本技术的第二实施例的像素电路142m的电压驱动的时序图。这与示出根据第一实施例的操作的时序图类似。换言之，晶体管Tr4由于来自DC电压供给单元22的DC电压而持续导通。晶体管Tr1和Tr2在写入信号时导通。另外，从扫描电路21和23向晶体管Tr3和开关晶体管Tr5提供反相脉冲信号。
与第一实施例一样，在第二实施例中，在晶体管Tr3中流动的电流仅在信号被写入的行的像素中流动。这使得与常规技术中对晶体管Tr3施加DC电压的配置相比，能够降低功率。此外，驱动晶体管Tr3和Tr5的脉冲的相位被反转，并且可以消除来自各个晶体管的对阳极节点Vanode的电荷注入的影响。
图11示出了第二实施例的变型的配置。开关晶体管Tr5被改变为具有与晶体管Tr3(P沟道)不同的导电类型的开关晶体管Tr6。图12是示出电压驱动的时序图。
晶体管Tr3和开关晶体管Tr6分别为N沟道和P沟道，因此，可以使用相同极性的脉冲信号将晶体管Tr3从关断至导通，且将开关晶体管Tr6从导通至关断。因此，可以为晶体管Tr3和开关晶体管Tr6设置共享的扫描电路24，这使得可以将扫描电路的数目减少一个。
尽管上面已经具体描述了本技术的实施例，但是本技术不限于上述实施例，并且基于本技术的技术精神的各种修改是可能的。例如，诸如下文所述的许多变型是可能的。下文描述的变型的一种或多种形式可以根据需要选择并适当地组合。此外，上述实施例的配置、方法、步骤、形状、材料、数值等可以彼此组合而不脱离本技术的精神。
例如，虽然设置晶体管Tr1和Tr2以将信号电压施加到驱动晶体管DrvTr的栅极，但可以仅设置这些晶体管中的一个。另外，虽然前述实施例描述了作为发光元件的OLED作为电光元件的示例，但是可以使用例如无机发光二极管、LED(发光二极管)等以基于电流的亮度发光的任何元件。
接下来将描述，其中，应用根据实施例和应用示例的电光装置的电子设备。该电光装置适用于具有小像素尺寸的高分辨率显示器。因此，该装置可以应用于诸如头戴式显示器、智能眼镜、智能手机、数码相机的电子取景器等的显示装置中作为电子设备。
此外，本技术还可以如下所述配置。
(1)一种包括有源矩阵驱动电路的电光装置，有源矩阵驱动电路将基于图像信号色调的电压施加到发光元件，该装置包括：
用于驱动的第一晶体管，第一晶体管的源极连接到发光元件的阳极；
第二晶体管，用于设置阳极电压，第二晶体管连接在阳极和电源之间，并确定施加到阳极的电压；以及
保持电容器和第三晶体管，连接到阳极以用于在发光期间保持阳极电压。
(2)根据(1)所述的电光装置，其中，第二晶体管在信号写入期间导通，然后第三晶体管导通以保持阳极电压。
(3)根据(1)或(2)所述的电光装置，其中，保持电容器和第三晶体管连接在用于驱动的第一晶体管的栅极和源极之间。
(4)根据(1)至(3)中任一项所述的电光装置，其中，保持电容器和第三晶体管连接到用于驱动的第一晶体管的源极和DC电位的供给位置。
(5)根据(1)至(4)中任一项所述的电光装置，其中，第二晶体管和第三晶体管具有不同的导电类型。
(6)根据(1)至(4)中任一项所述的电光装置，其中，第二晶体管和第三晶体管具有相同的导电类型。
(7)一种电子设备，包括根据(1)所述的电光装置。
(8)根据(7)所述的电子设备，其中，在电光装置中，第二晶体管在信号写入期间导通，然后第三晶体管导通以保持阳极电位。
附图标记列表
11a、11b 扫描线驱动电路
13 数据线(信号线)驱动电路
15 OLED
21、23 扫描电路
22 DC电压供给单元
DrvTr 驱动晶体管。

Claims (8)

1.一种电光装置，包括有源矩阵驱动电路，所述有源矩阵驱动电路将基于图像信号色调的电压施加到发光元件，所述电光装置包括：
用于驱动的第一晶体管，所述第一晶体管的源极连接到所述发光元件的阳极；
第二晶体管，用于设置阳极电压，所述第二晶体管连接在所述阳极和电源之间并且确定施加到所述阳极的电压；以及
保持电容器和第三晶体管，连接到所述阳极以用于在发光时段期间保持所述阳极电压。
2.根据权利要求1所述的电光装置，其中，所述第二晶体管在信号写入时段内导通，然后所述第三晶体管导通以保持所述阳极电压。
3.根据权利要求1所述的电光装置，其中，所述保持电容器和所述第三晶体管连接在用于驱动的所述第一晶体管的栅极和所述源极之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的电光装置，其中，所述保持电容器和所述第三晶体管连接到用于驱动的所述第一晶体管的所述源极和直流电位的供给位置。
5.根据权利要求1所述的电光装置，其中，所述第二晶体管和所述第三晶体管具有不同的导电类型。
6.根据权利要求1所述的电光装置，其中，所述第二晶体管和所述第三晶体管具有相同的导电类型。
7.一种电子设备，包括根据权利要求1所述的电光装置。
8.根据权利要求7所述的电子设备，其中，
在所述电光装置中，所述第二晶体管在信号写入时段内导通，然后所述第三晶体管导通以保持阳极电位。
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