CN113155567A - Hollow cylinder sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and sample preparation method - Google Patents
Hollow cylinder sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and sample preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113155567A CN113155567A CN202110425682.0A CN202110425682A CN113155567A CN 113155567 A CN113155567 A CN 113155567A CN 202110425682 A CN202110425682 A CN 202110425682A CN 113155567 A CN113155567 A CN 113155567A
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 101000965313 Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila (strain Philadelphia 1 / ATCC 33152 / DSM 7513) Aconitate hydratase A Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract 12
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 131
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 6
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007269 microbial metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hollow cylindrical sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and a sample preparation method, wherein the sample preparation instrument comprises a bacteria liquid storage vessel, a first grouting pipe, a first peristaltic pump, a gel liquid storage vessel, a second grouting pipe, a second peristaltic pump, a waterproof vent valve, a first glass plug, a slurry path diffusion tube, a pipe hoop, an organic glass pipe, a second glass plug, a water stop plug, a graphite electrode rod, a direct current power supply and a percolate collection vessel.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solidification of samples crossed by multiple subjects such as geotechnical engineering subjects, chemistry, microorganisms, electronics and electricians and the like, and relates to a hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument and a sample preparation method.
Background
The sea bed in south China sea is rich in calcareous sand, and is easy to break, liquefy, reduce bearing capacity and the like under the action of dynamic load (wave load, ocean current, engineering construction and the like). The main substance component of the calcareous sand is calcium Carbonate, and microorganism Induced calcium Carbonate Precipitation (MICP) can utilize spontaneous reaction in the microbial metabolism process to induce mineral Precipitation cemented particles so as to solve the problems of seabed sandy soil liquefaction, slope reinforcement, wind prevention and sand fixation, rock and soil material repair and the like, and the mineralized component is consistent with the original calcareous sand component, is ecological and environment-friendly, so that the application prospect in the south China sea engineering construction field is wide.
For fully researching the dynamic characteristics of MICP reinforced sandy soil under the action of waves, the dynamic property test of solidified calcareous sand needs to be carried out, the influence of continuous rotation of the main stress axis of the solidified sandy soil unit body under the action of wave circulating shear on the mechanical properties of sandy soil cannot be considered by a traditional dynamic triaxial (unidirectional and bidirectional) instrument, the continuous rotation of the main stress of the solidified sandy soil unit body under the action of dynamic load can be realized only through the carried hollow cylinder torsional shear test, however, the existing instrument and device for sample preparation and in-situ solidification of a hollow cylinder sample is still deficient, and the corresponding research needs to be carried out urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hollow cylindrical sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and a sample preparation method, the sample preparation instrument increases the seepage path of the slurry in the sample by utilizing a mode of combining pressure grouting and electroosmosis grouting based on the MICP technology, and obviously improves the uniformity of the cured sample; the sample preparation instrument achieves the purpose of starting solidification from the inside of a sample by injecting a gelling liquid and a bacterial liquid into the sample through a special design in a path way, and avoids the condition of uneven solidification caused by the blockage of a sample internal permeation path due to the deposition of calcium carbonate on the outer surface of the sample in the traditional grouting process; this system appearance adopts and combines to adopt different forms of electrode at sample upper and lower both ends two-way pressure slip casting to make the electroosmosis slip casting scope contain whole sample, has not only increased the homogeneity of MICP solidification, has ensured the wholeness after the sample solidification, still can improve slip casting efficiency, this system appearance and method easy operation is convenient, labour saving and time saving.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a hollow cylinder sample MICP solidifies the sample preparation method, this method adopts the separated slip casting to realize the sample preparation based on MICP technology, inject the gel liquid and bacterium liquid of MICP into the sample preparation appearance of the hollow cylinder sample respectively according to different routes along the sample height specifically, make one of gel liquid and bacterium liquid inject the sample body of the hollow cylinder sample directly, and another injects the hollow position of the hollow cylinder sample; and (2) performing bidirectional pressure grouting on the liquid directly injected into the hollow cylindrical sample body, and applying voltage between different paths to enable ions in the gelled fluid and the bacterial liquid to radially move simultaneously, so that an omnibearing three-dimensional gelled fluid and bacterial liquid seepage network is formed in the sample, and the sample is uniformly solidified. Typically, the gelling fluid is urea and Ca containing2+The MICP cementing liquid is a bacterium liquid containing anions.
Further, the gel liquid is directly injected into the sample body of the hollow cylindrical sample, and the bacterial liquid is injected into the hollow part of the hollow cylindrical sample.
A hollow cylindrical sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument comprises a bacteria liquid storage vessel, a first grouting pipe, a first peristaltic pump, a gelled liquid storage vessel, a second grouting pipe, a second peristaltic pump, a waterproof vent valve, a first glass plug, a slurry path diffusion tube, an organic glass tube, a second glass plug, a water stop plug, a graphite electrode rod and a direct-current power supply;
the organic glass tube is formed by fixedly connecting double-petal molds through a tube hoop, and a transparent conductive film is adhered to the inner wall of the organic glass tube and is connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current power supply; the slurry path diffusion cylinder is coaxially arranged in the organic glass tube, and grouting holes are uniformly arranged on the cylinder wall; the first glass plug and the second glass plug are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion cylinder is fixed between the two glass plugs, and a sample body is arranged in an annular space formed by the slurry path diffusion cylinder and the organic glass tube; the graphite electrode bar is connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply and penetrates through the second glass plug to be inserted into the slurry path diffusion cylinder;
the first glass plug and the second glass plug are internally provided with path diversion channels for diverting gelled fluid and bacterial fluid in paths, wherein the gelled fluid is directly introduced into the sample from the upper end and the lower end of the sample, and the bacterial fluid is directly introduced into the slurry path diffusion cylinder; the aim of increasing the permeation path of the gelling liquid in the sample while improving the grouting efficiency is fulfilled by adopting a bidirectional grouting and gelling liquid injection mode, the permeation uniformity of the gelling liquid in the sample is improved, and the bacterial liquid injected into the diffusion cylinder of the path of the gelling liquid is annularly injected into the sample along the grouting hole under the action of electroosmosis grouting, so that the bacterial liquid and the gelling liquid injected from the upper end and the lower end of the sample generate MICP curing reaction in the sample to generate calcium carbonate, and the design overcomes the defect that the inside of the sample cannot be continuously grouted due to the blockage of the path of the gelling liquid caused by the generation of the calcium carbonate on the outer surface of the sample in the traditional mixed grouting instrument; the fungus liquid is injected into the sample inside and carries out vertical diffusion under the dead weight effect along above-mentioned slip casting hole, has realized the three-dimensional infiltration diffusion of fungus liquid to make the solidification effect more even, the wholeness is better. In addition, the inner wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder can be stuck with gauze to prevent sand samples from leaking out of the grouting holes;
the first grouting pipe is connected with the bacteria liquid storage vessel and the first glass plug; the first peristaltic pump is arranged on the first grouting pipe and used for injecting the bacterial liquid into the first glass plug and directly into the slurry path diffusion cylinder through the path diversion channel; the second grouting pipe is connected with a gel storage vessel, a first glass plug and a second glass plug; the second peristaltic pump is arranged on the second grouting pipe and is used for injecting the gelling liquid into the first glass plug and the second glass plug and directly into the sample body through the diversion channel;
the first glass plug is provided with a waterproof vent valve for communicating the annular space with the outside atmosphere, so that the internal and external pressure intensities of the sample preparation instrument can be balanced, and liquid in the sample preparation instrument can smoothly flow; and a water stop plug is arranged on the second glass plug and is used for controlling the outflow of the redundant bacteria liquid.
Furthermore, the transparent conductive film covers the whole sample body, and the graphite electrode rod is inserted into the whole slurry path diffusion cylinder, so that an electric field generated by the graphite electrode rod and the transparent conductive film after the power supply is switched on covers the whole sample; that is, after the electric current is applied, the transparent conductive film attracts the bacterial liquid in the slurry path diffusion tube to flow from the inner surface of the sample to the outer surface of the sample over the entire height of the sample, and the graphite electrode rod attracts the Ca-rich liquid over the entire height of the sample2+The gelling liquid of (2) flows; the lateral diffusion path of the bacterial liquid and the gelled liquid is increased on the basis that the bidirectional pressure grouting and slurry path diffusion cylinder increases the slurry diffusion path, and the uniformity of sample solidification is further improved.
Furthermore, the first glass plug is composed of a first cylinder at the upper part, a second cylinder and a third cylinder at the lower part, the first cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the third cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the second cylinder, the top parts of the first cylinder and the third cylinder are connected into a whole with the bottom surface of the first cylinder, the annular space between the second cylinder and the third cylinder is only a closed bottom surface, its top and first drum inner space intercommunication, second drum outer wall and organic glass tube inner wall closely cooperate, and thick liquid route diffusion section of thick bamboo closely cooperates with third drum inner wall, and open at first drum center has drainage tube to supply first slip casting pipe to directly pour into the thick liquid route diffusion section of thick bamboo into with the fungus liquid, and first drum is located that annular space corresponds the position department and opens and has drainage hole to supply the second slip casting pipe to pour into the annular space with the gelled liquid in, the closed bottom surface evenly opens has the through-hole, the gelled liquid by in the through-hole pours into the sample body.
Furthermore, biochemical cellucotton is arranged between the closed bottom surface and the sample body.
Furthermore, the second glass plug is composed of a fourth cylinder and a fifth cylinder on the upper part and a sixth cylinder on the lower part, the sixth cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the fifth cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the fourth cylinder, the bottoms of the fifth cylinder and the sixth cylinder are connected into a whole, the annular space between the fourth cylinder and the fifth cylinder is only a closed top surface, the bottom of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the sixth cylinder, the outer wall of the fourth cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion tube is tightly matched with the inner wall of the fifth cylinder, the center of the sixth cylinder is provided with a tube hole for inserting the graphite electrode rod, the graphite electrode rod and the tube hole are sealed, a drainage hole is arranged at the position of the sixth cylinder corresponding to the annular space for injecting the second grouting tube into the annular space, the closed top surface is uniformly provided with a through hole, and the cementing liquid is injected into the sample body through the through, and a through hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the slurry path diffusion cylinder, of the sixth cylinder and used for installing a water stop plug.
Furthermore, biochemical cellucotton is arranged between the closed top surface and the sample body.
The sample preparation method for MICP curing by adopting the sample preparation instrument comprises the following steps:
placing a sand sample in a sample preparation instrument, placing a bacterium solution in a bacterium solution storage dish, placing a gelling liquid in a gelling liquid storage dish, and installing the sample preparation instrument; and simultaneously opening all peristaltic pumps for pressure grouting to enable the gelled fluid to be continuously injected into the sand sample from the upper end and the lower end, continuously injecting the bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder, opening the direct-current power supply for electroosmosis grouting, closing the direct-current power supply and all peristaltic pumps after at least 6 hours, and ending grouting.
After grouting is finished, the pipe wall of the organic glass pipe can be tapped around the periphery of the organic glass pipe by a rubber hammer, then the pipe hoop is unfastened, the organic glass pipe and other components are removed, and then the sample is placed into a pressure chamber to carry out torsional shear test on the hollow cylindrical sample.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the sample preparation instrument injects the bacterial liquid and the gelling liquid into the sample by paths to realize MICP solidification, and overcomes the defect that after the bacterial liquid and the gelling liquid are injected by the same grouting path, calcium carbonate deposition occurs on the outer surface of the sample at first to cause the blockage of a permeation path, so that grouting cannot be continued; this system appearance adopts pressure + electroosmosis to combine together the mode to carry out the slip casting, is showing the solidification effect and the solidification efficiency that have improved the MICP sample:
1. the upper end and the lower end of the sample are subjected to bidirectional grouting by the gel liquid through pressure grouting, so that the grouting efficiency is improved, and the permeation path of the gel liquid is increased;
2. because the bacterial liquid is injected into the sample through the grouting hole on the side wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder by utilizing pressure grouting, the bacterial liquid is injected into the sample along the grouting hole and is vertically diffused under the action of self weight, the three-dimensional osmotic diffusion of the bacterial liquid is realized, and the osmotic path of the bacterial liquid is obviously increased;
3. after electro-osmosis grouting, enabling the current to flow transversely in the sample on the premise that the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid flow vertically due to self weight;
therefore, the sample preparation instrument is triple designed to form an all-dimensional seepage network in the sample, and the uniformity of MICP curing in the sample and the integrity of the cured sample are strictly ensured;
when the conventional pure pressure grouting mode is adopted to reinforce the MICP sample, the phenomenon that the permeability coefficient of the sample is reduced by firstly solidifying the calcareous sand usually occurs, so that the MICP reinforcement cannot be realized by the sand inside the sample, and the uniformity of sample solidification is poor. The sample preparation instrument participates in electroosmotic grouting in the whole process, and is suitable for the conditions of large permeability of a sample at the initial stage and permeability coefficient reduction caused by the fact that a permeation path is blocked by curing MICP on the surface of the sample in the follow-up stage, so that the sample prepared by the sample preparation instrument has a better curing effect compared with pure pressure grouting; the electroosmotic grouting adopted by the sample preparation instrument enables the electroosmotic grouting range to comprise the whole sample by adopting electrodes in different forms, and ensures the integrity of the sample after solidification; the whole process of the invention is controllable and visible, the operation is simple and convenient, and the time and the labor are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a specific structure of a sample preparation instrument according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a specific structure of a glass plug No. one (unit: mm);
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a specific structure of a No. two glass stopper (unit: mm);
in fig. 1: the device comprises a bacteria liquid storage dish-1, a first grouting pipe-2, a first peristaltic pump-3, a gelling liquid storage dish-4, a second grouting pipe-5, a second peristaltic pump-6, a waterproof vent valve-7, a first glass plug-8, a slurry path diffusion tube-9, a pipe hoop-10, an organic glass pipe-11, a second glass plug-12, a water stop plug-13, a graphite electrode rod-14, a direct current power supply-15 and a redundant slurry collection dish-16.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1-3, a concrete example of the hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument of the present invention includes a bacteria liquid storage vessel 1, a first grouting pipe 2, a first peristaltic pump 3, a gel storage vessel 4, a second grouting pipe 5, a second peristaltic pump 6, a waterproof vent valve 7, a first glass plug 8, a slurry path diffusion tube 9, a pipe hoop 10, an organic glass pipe 11, a second glass plug 12, a water stop plug 13, a graphite electrode rod 14, a dc power supply 15, and an excess slurry collection vessel 16;
the bacteria liquid storage vessel 1 is used for storing bacteria liquid with anions, and the first grouting pipe 2 is connected with the bacteria liquid storage vessel 1 and the first glass plug 8; the first peristaltic pump 3 is arranged on the first grouting pipe, and injects the bacterial liquid in the bacterial liquid storage vessel 1 into the first glass plug 8 through the first grouting pipe; the gel storage dish 4 is used for storing urea and Ca2+The gelling solution of (a); the second grouting pipe 5 is connected with the gel storage dish 4, the first glass plug and the second glass plug 12; the second peristaltic pump 6 inputs the gelled fluid in the gelled fluid storage vessel into the first glass plug 8 and the second glass plug 12 through the second grouting pipe 5; the waterproof vent valve 7 is used for balancing the internal and external pressure intensities of the sample preparation instrument, so that liquid in the sample preparation instrument can smoothly flow; the first glass plug 8 is arranged at the upper end of the organic glass tube 11, and a special structure is arranged in the first glass plug for draining the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid in a path-divided manner, wherein the gel liquid is directly introduced into the sample from the upper end of the sample, and the bacterial liquid is introduced into the slurry path diffusion tube 9; the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 is filled with bacterial liquid introduced from the first glass plug 8, and the bacterial liquid permeates into the sample along round holes (grouting holes) uniformly arranged on the side wall of the bacterial liquid; the pipe hoop 10 is used for connecting the organic glass pipe 11 into a whole by the double-petal mould; the inner wall of the organic glass tube 11 is pasted with a transparent conductive film and connected with the positive pole of a direct current power supply 15 for absorbing bacteria liquid with anionsFlowing; the second glass plug 12 is arranged at the lower end of the organic glass tube 11, and the inner special structure of the second glass plug is used for introducing the gelled fluid into the sample from the lower end of the sample and simultaneously leading the redundant slurry out to the redundant slurry collecting vessel 16; the water stop plug 15 is arranged in the second glass plug 12 and is used for controlling the outflow of redundant bacteria liquid; the graphite electrode rod 14 penetrates through a circular tube at the center of the bottom of the second glass plug 12 and extends into the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9, and is finally connected to the negative electrode of a direct current power supply 15 and used for attracting Ca2+Flowing; the direct current power supply 15 provides direct current for electroosmotic grouting; the excess slurry collecting vessel 16 is used for collecting excess slurry so as not to pollute the environment.
In the above scheme, it is further, No. two slip casting union couplings gel storage vessel, a glass stopper and No. two glass stoppers to utilize the peristaltic pump to pour into the sample with the gel in from the sample upper and lower both ends, adopt two-way slip casting's mode to realize increasing the infiltration route of gel in the sample when improving slip casting efficiency, improve the homogeneity of gel infiltration in the sample.
Furthermore, the first glass plug is composed of a first cylinder at the upper part, a second cylinder at the lower part and a third cylinder at the lower part, the diameter of the first cylinder at the upper part is larger than that of the second cylinder at the lower part, the first cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the third cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the second cylinder, the top parts of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are connected into a whole with the bottom surface of the first cylinder, the annular space between the second cylinder and the third cylinder is only provided with a closed bottom surface, the top part of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the first cylinder, the outer wall of the second cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the third cylinder, the center of the first cylinder is provided with a drainage pipeline for the first grouting tube to directly inject a bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder, the first cylinder is provided with drainage holes at the corresponding positions of the annular space for the second grouting tube to inject a gelling liquid into the annular space, and the closed bottom surface is uniformly provided with four holes, the gel is injected into the sample body through the hole, and a layer of biochemical cellucotton is arranged below the closed bottom surface and used for preventing the sand sample from leaking;
furthermore, the slurry path diffusion cylinder can be a glass cylinder without a bottom at the upper part and the lower part, grouting holes with the same diameter are uniformly arranged on the cylinder wall, and gauze is pasted on the inner wall of the cylinder to prevent sand samples from leaking out of the round holes; the bacteria liquid in the slurry path diffusion cylinder is annularly injected into the sample through the cylinder wall grouting hole, so that the bacteria liquid and the gelling liquid injected from the upper end and the lower end of the sample generate MICP reaction in the sample to generate calcium carbonate, and the defect that the inside of the sample cannot be continuously grouted due to the fact that the slurry deposits on the outer surface of the sample to generate calcium carbonate in a conventional grouting instrument is overcome; the fungus liquid is injected into the sample through above-mentioned slip casting hole inside and carries out vertical diffusion under the dead weight effect, has realized the three-dimensional infiltration diffusion of fungus liquid to make the solidification effect more even, the wholeness is better.
Furthermore, the organic glass tube is of a double-petal structure and can be connected into a whole by a tube hoop, and a sand sample is arranged in an annular space formed by the organic glass tube and the slurry path diffusion cylinder so as to form a hollow cylindrical sample meeting the standard requirement; a transparent conductive film is pasted on the inner wall of the organic glass tube, and the two wires at the bottom of the double-petal mold of the organic glass tube are connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current power supply to attract bacteria liquid to flow; the transparent conductive film surrounds the whole outer surface of the hollow cylindrical sample so that the electroosmotic grouting range covers the whole sample; after the power is switched on, the transparent conductive film can absorb bacterial liquid in the slurry path diffusion cylinder to flow from the inner surface of the sample to the outer surface of the sample in the whole height range of the sample, so that the transverse bacterial liquid diffusion path is further increased on the basis that the slurry diffusion path is increased by the bidirectional pressure grouting and slurry path diffusion cylinder, and the solidification uniformity of the sample is further improved.
Furthermore, the second glass plug is composed of a fourth cylinder and a fifth cylinder on the upper part and a sixth cylinder on the lower part, the sixth cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the fifth cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the fourth cylinder, the bottoms of the fifth cylinder and the fifth cylinder are connected into a whole with the top surface of the sixth cylinder, the annular space between the fourth cylinder and the fifth cylinder is only provided with a closed top surface, the bottom of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the sixth cylinder, the outer wall of the fourth cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion tube is tightly attached to the inner wall of the fifth cylinder, the center of the sixth cylinder is provided with a tube hole for inserting the graphite electrode rod, the graphite electrode rod and the tube hole are sealed, the sixth cylinder is provided with a drainage tube at the position corresponding to the annular space for injecting the second grouting tube to inject the gel into the annular space, the closed top surface is uniformly provided with four holes, and the gel is injected into the sample body through the holes, and a hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the slurry path diffusion cylinder, of the sixth cylinder and used for installing a water stop plug, and a layer of biochemical fiber cotton is arranged on the closed top surface to prevent sand samples from leaking.
Furthermore, the graphite electrode rod is positioned in the slurry path diffusion cylinder and fixed by a circular tube at the center of the bottom surface of the second glass plug, is connected with a power supply cathode and attracts Ca-rich substances after being electrified2+The gelling liquid of (2) flows; ca attracted by graphite electrode rod2+The range comprises the full height of the sample, so that electroosmotic grouting is more uniform; the electric field generated after the graphite electrode bar and the transparent conductive film are electrified contains the whole sample, so that the electroosmosis grouting range is wide, and the MICP curing effect is obviously improved.
In one embodiment, the inner circular tubes of the first glass plug and the second glass plug are circular tubes with an inner diameter of 6mm and a wall thickness of 1mm, and the upper and lower ends of the circular tubes are not provided with bottoms, wherein the diameters of all circular holes on the top surface of the first glass plug are 6mm, the diameters of all circular holes on the bottom surface of the first glass plug are 3mm, the diameters of all circular holes on the top surface of the second glass plug are 3mm, and the diameters of all circular holes on the bottom surface of the second glass plug are 6 mm.
In one embodiment, the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe are circular pipes with an outer diameter of 5mm and a pipe wall thickness of 1mm, and a circle of sealing belt with a thickness of 1mm is arranged at the contact part of all the grouting pipes and the glass plug after installation, so that the grouting pipes and the glass plug are tightly fixed.
In a specific example, the graphite electrode rod is a cylinder with the diameter of 5mm and the height of 300mm, and a circle of sealing tape with the thickness of 1mm is arranged at the position 250mm from top to bottom of the graphite electrode rod (namely, the position contacted with the bottom surface of the second glass plug), so that the second glass plug and the graphite electrode rod are tightly fixed.
In one embodiment, the waterproof vent valve has an outer diameter of 6mm, and can be tightly connected with a round hole of a first glass plug so as to prevent water leakage.
In one embodiment, the first glass plug is as shown in fig. 2: the outer diameter of the upper large cylinder (first cylinder) is 150mm, the height of the upper large cylinder is 20mm, the outer diameter of the outer cylinder (second cylinder) in the lower cylinder is 98mm, the outer wall of the upper large cylinder is provided with a circle of sealing belt with the thickness of 2mm, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder (third cylinder) is 58mm, the height of the inner cylinder is 30mm, the upper end contact part of the inner cylinder and the slurry path diffusion cylinder is provided with a circle of sealing belt with the thickness of 2mm, and the wall thickness of the first glass plug is 1 mm.
In one embodiment, the second glass plug is shown in fig. 3: the outer diameter of a lower large cylinder (a sixth cylinder) is 150mm, the height of the lower large cylinder is 20mm, the outer diameter of an outer cylinder (a fourth cylinder) in an upper cylinder is 98mm, a circle of sealing strip with the thickness of 2mm is arranged on the outer wall of the upper cylinder, the inner diameter of glass of an inner cylinder (a fifth cylinder) is 58mm, the height of the inner cylinder is 30mm, a circle of sealing strip with the thickness of 2mm is arranged on the contact part of the inner cylinder and the lower end of a slurry path diffusion cylinder, and.
In a specific example, the slurry path diffusion cylinder is 2mm in wall thickness, 60mm in outer diameter and 260mm in height, round holes with the diameter of 1mm and the clear distance of 2mm are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder, and gauze is attached to the inner wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder so as to prevent sand and sand samples from leaking out of the round holes.
In a specific example, the inner diameter of the organic glass tube is 100mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, the height is 260mm, the structure is a double-petal mold structure, the installation and the disassembly are convenient through the combination of the tube hoops, and the inner walls of the double-petal mold of the organic glass tube are both pasted with a transparent conducting film with the thickness of 0.1 mm.
In a specific example, the water stop plug is a rubber round table with an upper bottom diameter of 5mm, a lower bottom diameter of 10mm and a height of 30 mm.
In one embodiment, the organic glass tube and the slurry path diffusion cylinder form a space with the outer diameter of 100mm, the inner diameter of 60mm and the height of 200mm for sample preparation, and the outer wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder is provided with a marking line, and when the sample reaches the marking line, the height of the sample is just 200mm, so that the sample size specified by the hollow cylinder torsional shear test is met.
The method for preparing the sample by adopting the hollow cylindrical sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument is realized by combining pressure grouting and electroosmosis grouting with a MICP technology, and the sample preparation instrument realizes uniform curing of the hollow cylindrical sample by utilizing the method of providing slurry by combining the pressure grouting with electroosmosis to increase a slurry flow path based on the MICP technology; the sample preparation instrument realizes MICP solidification from the inside to the outside of a sample by injecting bacterial liquid and gel liquid in different ways, thereby overcoming the defect that calcium carbonate deposition firstly occurs on the outer surface of the sample to block a slurry permeation path due to the fact that the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid are injected in the same path by the traditional sample preparation instrument, and enabling the integrity and uniformity of the solidified sample to be better.
A specific working process of this embodiment is as follows:
after vaseline is uniformly coated on the inner wall of the organic glass tube 11, the tube hoop 10 is used for fixing the tube into a whole, a second glass plug 12 is inserted into the lower end of the organic glass tube 11, a large cylinder at the lower part of the second glass plug 12 is tightly attached to the lower end of the organic glass tube 11, and a water stop plug 12, a second grouting tube 5 and a graphite electrode rod 14 are installed at the bottom of the second glass plug 12. Vaseline is evenly coated on the outer wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9, and the lower end of the slurry path diffusion cylinder is inserted into a fifth cylinder on the upper part of a second glass plug 12 until the slurry path diffusion cylinder and the second glass plug are tightly attached. Fill in the annular space that thick liquid route diffuser 9 and organic glass pipe 11 formed and adorn sand sample, specifically do: the method comprises the steps of independently preparing dried sand samples according to the quality of each layer of particles with required particle size in a grading mode, pouring 5 layers of the sand samples into an annular space, compacting each layer of the sand samples by using a compacting hammer, performing shaving treatment among the layers of the sand samples to ensure the uniformity of the samples, achieving the height of a marking line on the outer wall of a slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 after the last layer of calcareous sand is filled, inserting a first glass plug 8 from the top of an organic glass pipe 11 to enable the bottom surface of a first cylinder on the upper portion of the organic glass pipe 11 to be in tight contact with the upper end of the organic glass pipe 11, inserting the upper end of the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 into a third cylinder on the lower portion of the first glass plug 8 to enable the first cylinder and the third cylinder to be in tight contact, and installing a waterproof vent valve 7, a first grouting pipe 2 and a second grouting pipe 5 on the first glass plug.
Then, placing sufficient bacteria liquid in the bacteria liquid storage dish 1, placing sufficient gelling liquid in the gelling liquid storage dish 4, simultaneously opening all peristaltic pumps for pressure grouting, opening the direct current power supply 15 for electroosmosis grouting when a certain gelling liquid exists in the sample and a certain bacteria liquid exists in the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9, closing the direct current power supply 15 and all the peristaltic pumps after 6 hours, and ending grouting.
Further, after grouting is completed, the water stop plug 13 is taken down, redundant slurry flows into a redundant slurry collecting vessel 16, after standing for a set time, a rubber hammer is used for tapping the pipe wall of the organic glass pipe along the height of the organic glass pipe around the periphery of the organic glass pipe, then the pipe hoop is unfastened, the organic glass pipe and other components are removed, and then the sample is placed into a pressure chamber for hollow cylinder torsional shear test.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of implementations of the inventive concepts, which are intended for purposes of illustration only. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the particular forms set forth in the examples, but rather as being defined by the claims and the equivalents thereof which can occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the present inventive concept.
Claims (9)
1. A hollow cylinder sample MICP solidification sample preparation method is characterized in that the method adopts separated grouting to realize sample preparation based on MICP technology, and specifically, a gel liquid and a bacterial liquid are respectively injected into a hollow cylinder sample preparation instrument along different paths along the height of a sample, so that one of the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid is directly injected into a sample body of the hollow cylinder sample, and the other one is injected into a hollow part of the hollow cylinder sample; and (2) performing bidirectional pressure grouting on the liquid directly injected into the hollow cylindrical sample body, and simultaneously enabling direct current to flow between different paths, so that ions in the gelled fluid and the bacterial liquid move radially simultaneously, and an omnibearing three-dimensional gelled fluid and bacterial liquid seepage network is formed inside the sample, so that the sample is uniformly solidified.
2. The MICP solidification sample preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the gel is directly injected into the sample body of the hollow cylindrical sample, and the bacterial solution is injected into the hollow portion of the hollow cylindrical sample.
3. A hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument is characterized by comprising a bacteria liquid storage vessel, a first grouting pipe, a first peristaltic pump, a gel liquid storage vessel, a second grouting pipe, a second peristaltic pump, a waterproof vent valve, a first glass plug, a slurry path diffusion tube, an organic glass tube, a second glass plug, a water stop plug, a graphite electrode rod and a direct-current power supply;
the organic glass tube is formed by fixedly connecting double-petal molds through a tube hoop, and a transparent conductive film is adhered to the inner wall of the organic glass tube and is connected with the positive electrode of a direct-current power supply; the slurry path diffusion cylinder is coaxially arranged in the organic glass tube, and grouting holes are uniformly arranged on the cylinder wall; the first glass plug and the second glass plug are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion cylinder is fixed, and a sample body is arranged in an annular space formed by the slurry path diffusion cylinder and the organic glass tube; one end of the graphite electrode bar is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the other end of the graphite electrode bar penetrates through the second glass plug and is inserted into the slurry path diffusion cylinder;
the first glass plug and the second glass plug are internally provided with a path diversion channel;
the first grouting pipe is connected with the bacteria liquid storage vessel and the first glass plug; the first peristaltic pump is arranged on the first grouting pipe and used for injecting the bacterial liquid into the first glass plug and directly into the slurry path diffusion cylinder through the path diversion channel; the second grouting pipe is connected with a gel storage vessel, a first glass plug and a second glass plug; the second peristaltic pump is arranged on the second grouting pipe and is used for injecting the gelling liquid into the first glass plug and the second glass plug and directly into the sample body through the diversion channel;
a waterproof vent valve is arranged on the first glass plug and used for communicating the annular space with the outside atmosphere, and a water stop plug is arranged on the second glass plug and used for controlling the outflow of redundant bacteria liquid.
4. The MICP solidification sample preparation instrument for the hollow cylindrical sample according to claim 3, wherein the transparent conductive film covers the entire sample body, and the graphite electrode rod is inserted into the entire slurry path diffusion cylinder, so that an electric field generated by the graphite electrode rod and the transparent conductive film covers the entire sample after power-on.
5. The hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument according to claim 3, wherein the first glass plug comprises an upper first cylinder and a lower second cylinder and a lower third cylinder, the first cylinder has a top surface and a bottom surface, the third cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the second cylinder, the top of the first cylinder and the bottom surface of the second cylinder are connected into a whole, the annular space between the second cylinder and the third cylinder only has a closed bottom surface, the top of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the first cylinder, the outer wall of the second cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion tube is tightly matched with the inner wall of the third cylinder, the center of the first cylinder is provided with a drainage pipeline for the first grouting tube to directly inject a bacteria solution into the slurry path diffusion tube, the first cylinder is provided with a drainage hole at a position corresponding to the annular space for the second grouting tube to inject a gel solution into the annular space, and the closed bottom surface is uniformly provided with through holes, and the gel liquid is injected into the sample body through the through hole.
6. The MICP solidification sample preparation instrument for the hollow cylindrical sample according to claim 5, wherein biochemical cellucotton is arranged between the closed bottom surface and the sample body.
7. The hollow cylinder sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument according to claim 3, wherein the second glass plug comprises an upper fourth cylinder, a upper fifth cylinder and a lower sixth cylinder, the sixth cylinder has a top surface and a bottom surface, the fifth cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the fourth cylinder, the bottom of the fifth cylinder and the top surface of the sixth cylinder are connected into a whole, the annular space between the fourth cylinder and the fifth cylinder only has a closed top surface, the bottom of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the sixth cylinder, the outer wall of the fourth cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion tube is tightly matched with the inner wall of the fifth cylinder, the sixth cylinder is provided with a tube hole at the center for inserting the graphite electrode rod, the graphite electrode rod and the tube hole are sealed, the sixth cylinder is provided with a drainage hole at the position corresponding to the annular space for injecting the gelling liquid into the annular space by the second grouting tube, the sealed top surface is evenly opened with the through-hole, and the gelling liquid is poured into the sample body by the through-hole, and the sixth cylinder is located the thick liquid route diffusion section of thick bamboo and is opened the through-hole and be used for installing the stagnant water stopper in the position that corresponds.
8. The hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument according to claim 7, wherein biochemical cellucotton is arranged between the closed top surface and the sample body.
9. A hollow cylinder sample MICP solidification sample preparation method, which is characterized by being realized by the sample preparation instrument according to any one of claims 3-8, and the method comprises the following steps:
placing a sand sample in a sample preparation instrument, placing a bacterium solution in a bacterium solution storage dish, placing a gelling liquid in a gelling liquid storage dish, and installing the sample preparation instrument; and simultaneously opening all peristaltic pumps for pressure grouting to enable the gelled fluid to be continuously injected into the sand sample from the upper end and the lower end, continuously injecting the bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder, opening the direct-current power supply for electroosmosis grouting, closing the direct-current power supply and all peristaltic pumps after at least 6 hours, and ending grouting.
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| CN202110425682.0A CN113155567B (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Hollow cylinder sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and sample preparation method |
| US17/547,424 US11644394B2 (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2021-12-10 | Device and method for preparing solidified cohesionless soil specimen for triaxial test |
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