CN113155567B - Hollow cylinder sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and sample preparation method - Google Patents
Hollow cylinder sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and sample preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113155567B CN113155567B CN202110425682.0A CN202110425682A CN113155567B CN 113155567 B CN113155567 B CN 113155567B CN 202110425682 A CN202110425682 A CN 202110425682A CN 113155567 B CN113155567 B CN 113155567B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 101000965313 Legionella pneumophila subsp. pneumophila (strain Philadelphia 1 / ATCC 33152 / DSM 7513) Aconitate hydratase A Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005464 sample preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 119
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005370 electroosmosis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 18
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007569 slipcasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229940099259 vaseline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument and a sample preparation method, wherein the sample preparation instrument comprises a bacterial liquid storage vessel, a first grouting pipe, a first peristaltic pump, a cementing liquid storage vessel, a second grouting pipe, a second peristaltic pump, a waterproof vent valve, a first glass plug, a slurry path diffusion cylinder, a pipe hoop, an organic glass pipe, a second glass plug, a water stop plug, a graphite electrode rod, a direct current power supply and a permeate liquid collection vessel, and the sample preparation method is to prepare samples by providing slurry through pressure grouting and combining electroosmosis to increase a slurry flow path based on MICP solidification technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sample curing of multi-disciplinary intersection such as geotechnical engineering disciplines, chemistry, microorganisms, electron electrics and the like, and relates to a hollow cylinder sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and a sample preparation method.
Background
The south China sea bed is rich in calcareous sand, and is easy to break, liquefy, reduce bearing capacity and the like under the action of dynamic load (wave load, ocean current, engineering construction and the like). The main substance component of the calcareous sand is calcium carbonate, and the microorganism induces calcium carbonate deposition (Microbially Induced Carbonate Precipitation, abbreviated as MICP), so that spontaneous reaction in the microorganism metabolism process can be utilized to induce mineral precipitation cementing particles, the problems of seabed sand liquefaction, slope reinforcement, wind prevention, sand fixation, rock-soil material restoration and the like are solved, and mineralization components are consistent with the original calcareous sand components, so that the method has wide application prospect in the field of south China sea engineering construction.
In order to fully research the dynamic characteristics of MICP reinforced sand under wave action, the dynamic property test of the cured calcareous sand needs to be carried out, but the traditional dynamic triaxial (unidirectional and bidirectional) instrument cannot consider the influence of continuous rotation of a main stress axis of a cured sand unit body on the mechanical property of the sand under the wave cycle shearing action, the continuous rotation of the main stress of the cured sand unit body under the dynamic load can be realized only through the carried out hollow cylinder torsion shearing test, however, the current instrument and device for preparing a sample of a hollow cylinder sample and curing in situ are relatively deficient, and the corresponding research needs to be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a hollow cylinder sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument and a sample preparation method, wherein the sample preparation instrument increases the seepage path of slurry in the sample by combining pressure grouting and electroosmosis grouting based on the MICP technology, and remarkably improves the uniformity of the solidified sample; the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid are injected into the sample by the special design to achieve the aim of solidifying from the inside of the sample, so that the situation that the solidification is uneven due to the fact that the permeation path inside the sample is blocked by calcium carbonate deposition on the outer surface of the sample in the traditional grouting process is avoided; the sample preparation instrument combines the two-way pressure grouting at the upper end and the lower end of the sample and adopts electrodes in different forms to enable the electroosmosis grouting range to contain the whole sample, so that the uniformity of MICP curing is improved, the integrity of the cured sample is ensured, the grouting efficiency can be improved, and the sample preparation instrument and the method are simple and convenient to operate, and are time-saving and labor-saving.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
According to the method, a separated grouting is adopted to realize sample preparation based on a MICP technology, specifically, the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid of the MICP are respectively injected into a hollow cylindrical sample preparation instrument along different paths according to the height of the sample, so that one of the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid is directly injected into the sample body of the hollow cylindrical sample, and the other one is injected into the hollow part of the hollow cylindrical sample; the liquid directly injected into the hollow cylindrical sample body is subjected to bidirectional pressure grouting, and meanwhile, voltages are applied between different paths, so that ions in the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid move radially at the same time, and an omnibearing three-dimensional gel liquid and bacterial liquid seepage network is formed in the sample, so that the sample is uniformly solidified. Typically, the gelling solution is a MICP cementing solution comprising urea and Ca 2+, and the bacterial solution is an anionic-containing bacterial solution.
Further, the gel liquid is directly injected into the sample body of the hollow cylindrical sample, and the bacterial liquid is injected into the hollow part of the hollow cylindrical sample.
The MICP solidification sample preparation instrument for the hollow cylindrical sample comprises a bacterial liquid storage vessel, a first grouting pipe, a first peristaltic pump, a cementing liquid storage vessel, a second grouting pipe, a second peristaltic pump, a waterproof vent valve, a first glass plug, a slurry path diffusion cylinder, an organic glass pipe, a second glass plug, a water stop plug, a graphite electrode rod and a direct current power supply;
the organic glass tube is formed by fixedly connecting a double-petal die through a pipe hoop, and a transparent conductive film is stuck on the inner wall of the organic glass tube and is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply; the slurry path diffusion cylinder is coaxially arranged in the organic glass tube, and grouting holes are uniformly arranged on the cylinder wall; the first glass plug and the second glass plug are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion cylinder is fixed between the two glass plugs, and a sample body is arranged in an annular space formed by the slurry path diffusion cylinder and the organic glass tube; the graphite electrode rod is connected with the negative electrode of the direct-current power supply and inserted into the slurry path diffusion cylinder through the second glass plug;
the first glass plug and the second glass plug are internally provided with a shunt-path drainage channel for shunt-path drainage of gel liquid and bacterial liquid, wherein the gel liquid is directly introduced into the sample from the upper end and the lower end of the sample, and the bacterial liquid is directly introduced into the slurry path diffusion cylinder; the method has the advantages that the purpose of increasing the permeation path of the gel in the sample while improving the grouting efficiency is realized by adopting a mode of injecting the gel by two-way grouting, the permeation uniformity of the gel in the sample is improved, and the bacterial liquid injected into the slurry path diffusion cylinder is injected into the sample in a circumferential direction along the grouting holes under the action of electroosmosis grouting, so that the bacterial liquid and the gel injected from the upper end and the lower end of the sample are subjected to MICP curing reaction in the sample to generate calcium carbonate, and the defect that the inside of the sample cannot be continuously grouting due to the blockage of the slurry permeation path caused by the calcium carbonate generated on the outer surface of the sample in the traditional mixed grouting instrument is overcome; bacterial liquid is injected into the sample along the grouting holes and vertically diffuses under the action of dead weight, so that three-dimensional permeation diffusion of the bacterial liquid is realized, and the curing effect is more uniform and the integrity is better. In addition, gauze can be stuck on the inner wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder to prevent sand samples from leaking out of the grouting holes;
The first grouting pipe is connected with a bacterial liquid storage vessel and a first glass plug; the first peristaltic pump is arranged on the first grouting pipe and used for injecting bacterial liquid into the first glass plug and directly injecting the bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder through the shunt-path drainage channel; the second grouting pipe is connected with a gel storage vessel, a first glass plug and a second glass plug; the second peristaltic pump is arranged on the second grouting pipe and used for injecting the gel liquid into the first glass plug and the second glass plug, and directly injecting the gel liquid into the sample body through the shunt-path drainage channel;
The first glass plug is provided with a waterproof vent valve which is used for communicating the annular space with the outside atmosphere, so that the pressure intensity inside and outside the sample preparation instrument can be balanced, and the liquid in the sample preparation instrument can smoothly flow; and a water stop plug is arranged on the second glass plug and used for controlling outflow of the redundant bacterial liquid.
Further, the transparent conductive film covers the whole sample body, and the graphite electrode rod is inserted into the whole slurry path diffusion cylinder, so that an electric field generated by the graphite electrode rod and the transparent conductive film covers the whole sample after the power is turned on; that is, after the power is applied, the transparent conductive film attracts the bacterial liquid in the slurry path diffusion cylinder to flow from the inner surface of the sample to the outer surface of the sample in the whole height range of the sample, and the graphite electrode rod attracts the gel liquid rich in Ca 2+ to flow in the whole height range of the sample; the transverse diffusion paths of bacterial liquid and gel liquid are added on the basis of adding the slurry diffusion paths on the two-way pressure grouting and slurry path diffusion cylinder, so that the uniformity of sample solidification is further improved.
Further, the first glass plug is composed of a first cylinder on the upper part, a second cylinder on the lower part and a third cylinder on the lower part, wherein the first cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the third cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the second cylinder, the tops of the first cylinder and the third cylinder are connected with the bottom surface of the first cylinder into a whole, an annular space between the second cylinder and the third cylinder is only provided with a closed bottom surface, the top of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the first cylinder, the outer wall of the second cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of an organic glass tube, a slurry path diffusion cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of the third cylinder, a drainage pipeline is arranged in the center of the first cylinder for the first grouting pipe to directly inject bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder, a drainage hole is formed in the position corresponding to the annular space of the first cylinder for the second grouting pipe to inject the gelling liquid into the annular space, through holes are uniformly formed in the closed bottom surface, and the gelling liquid is injected into the sample body through the through holes.
Furthermore, the raw chemical fiber cotton is arranged between the closed bottom surface and the sample body.
Further, the second glass plug is composed of a fourth cylinder, a fifth cylinder and a sixth cylinder, wherein the fourth cylinder, the fifth cylinder and the sixth cylinder are arranged at the upper part, the sixth cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the fifth cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the fourth cylinder, the bottoms of the fifth cylinder and the top surface of the sixth cylinder are connected into a whole, an annular space between the fourth cylinder and the fifth cylinder is only provided with a closed top surface, the bottom of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the sixth cylinder, the outer wall of the fourth cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of an organic glass tube, a slurry path diffusion cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of the fifth cylinder, a tube hole is arranged in the center of the sixth cylinder for inserting a graphite electrode rod, sealing treatment is adopted between the graphite electrode rod and the tube hole, a drainage hole is formed in the position of the sixth cylinder, corresponding to the annular space, the second grouting tube is used for injecting the cementing liquid into the annular space, through holes are uniformly formed in the closed top surface, the cementing liquid is injected into the sample body through the through holes, and the through holes are formed in the position of the sixth cylinder, corresponding to the slurry path diffusion cylinder.
Furthermore, the raw chemical fiber cotton is arranged between the closed top surface and the sample body.
The sample preparation method for MICP curing by adopting the sample preparation instrument comprises the following steps:
Sand samples are filled in a sample preparation instrument, bacterial liquid is placed in a bacterial liquid storage vessel, gel liquid is placed in a gel liquid storage vessel, and the sample preparation instrument is installed; simultaneously, all peristaltic pumps are opened to perform pressure grouting, so that gel liquid is continuously injected into sand samples from the upper end and the lower end, bacterial liquid is continuously injected into a slurry path diffusion cylinder, a direct current power supply is opened to perform electroosmosis grouting, the direct current power supply and all peristaltic pumps are closed after at least 6 hours, and grouting is finished.
After grouting is completed, the pipe hoop can be untied after the pipe wall of the organic glass pipe is wound around the four Zhou Qingqiao pipe walls by using a rubber hammer, and after the organic glass pipe and the rest components are removed, the sample is placed into a pressure chamber for a torsional shear test of the hollow cylindrical sample.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
The sample preparation instrument injects the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid into the sample in a split path to realize MICP solidification, so that the defect that the permeation path is blocked and grouting cannot be continued due to calcium carbonate deposition on the outer surface of the sample after the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid are injected according to the same grouting path is overcome; the sample preparation instrument adopts a mode of combining pressure and electroosmosis to perform grouting, so that the curing effect and curing efficiency of the MICP sample are obviously improved:
1. because the gel is injected in both directions at the upper end and the lower end of the sample by pressure grouting, the grouting efficiency is improved and the permeation path of the gel is increased;
2. the bacterial liquid is injected into the sample through the grouting holes on the side wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder by utilizing pressure grouting, and is injected into the sample along the grouting holes and vertically diffused under the action of dead weight, so that the three-dimensional permeation diffusion of the bacterial liquid is realized, and the permeation path of the bacterial liquid is obviously increased;
3. after electroosmosis grouting, current flows transversely in the sample under the premise that bacterial liquid and gel liquid vertically flow due to self weight;
Therefore, the triple design of the sample preparation instrument forms an omnibearing three-dimensional seepage network in the sample, and strictly ensures the uniformity of MICP curing in the sample and the integrity of the cured sample;
When the conventional pure pressure grouting mode is adopted to reinforce the MICP sample, the phenomenon that the permeability coefficient of the sample is reduced by curing calcareous sand first usually occurs, so that the MICP reinforcement cannot be realized by internal sand, and the uniformity of the sample curing is poor. The whole process of the sample preparation instrument has the participation of electroosmosis grouting, and is applicable to the conditions of large permeability of a sample at the beginning and the subsequent reduction of permeability coefficient caused by the solidification and blockage of a permeation path of MICP on the surface of the sample, so that compared with pure pressure grouting, the sample preparation instrument has better solidification effect of the sample; the electroosmosis grouting adopted by the sample preparation instrument ensures that the electroosmosis grouting range comprises the whole sample by adopting electrodes in different forms, so that the integrity of the solidified sample is ensured; the whole process of the invention is controllable and visible, and the operation is simple and convenient, and the time and the labor are saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a specific structure of a sample preparation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a specific structure (unit: mm) of a glass plug number one;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a specific structure (unit: mm) of a glass plug No. two;
In fig. 1: the device comprises a bacterial liquid storage vessel-1, a first grouting pipe-2, a first peristaltic pump-3, a cementing liquid storage vessel-4, a second grouting pipe-5, a second peristaltic pump-6, a waterproof vent valve-7, a first glass plug-8, a slurry path diffusion cylinder-9, a pipe hoop-10, an organic glass pipe-11, a second glass plug-12, a water stop plug-13, a graphite electrode rod-14, a direct current power supply-15 and a redundant slurry collection vessel-16.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation apparatus according to the present invention is a specific example, and comprises a bacteria solution storage vessel 1, a first grouting pipe 2, a first peristaltic pump 3, a gel solution storage vessel 4, a second grouting pipe 5, a second peristaltic pump 6, a waterproof vent valve 7, a first glass plug 8, a slurry path diffusion cylinder 9, a pipe hoop 10, an organic glass pipe 11, a second glass plug 12, a water stop plug 13, a graphite electrode rod 14, a direct current power supply 15, and an excess slurry collection vessel 16;
The bacterial liquid storage vessel 1 is used for storing bacterial liquid with anions, and the first grouting pipe 2 is connected with the bacterial liquid storage vessel 1 and the first glass plug 8; the first peristaltic pump 3 is arranged on the first grouting pipe, and bacterial liquid in the bacterial liquid storage vessel 1 is injected into the first glass plug 8 through the first grouting pipe; the gel solution storage vessel 4 is used for storing a gel solution containing urea and rich in Ca 2+; the second grouting pipe 5 is connected with the gel storage vessel 4, the first glass plug and the second glass plug 12; the second peristaltic pump 6 inputs the gelled fluid in the gelled fluid storage vessel into the first glass plug 8 and the second glass plug 12 through the second grouting pipe 5; the waterproof vent valve 7 is used for balancing the internal and external pressure of the sample preparation instrument, so that liquid in the sample preparation instrument can smoothly flow; the first glass plug 8 is arranged at the upper end of the organic glass tube 11, and is internally provided with a special structure for branching the path to guide the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid, wherein the gel liquid is directly introduced into the sample from the upper end of the sample, and the bacterial liquid is introduced into the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9; the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 is filled with the bacterial liquid introduced from the first glass plug 8, and the bacterial liquid permeates into the sample along round holes (grouting holes) uniformly arranged on the side wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder; the pipe hoop 10 is used for connecting the organic glass pipe 11 into a whole through double-valve molds; the inner wall of the organic glass tube 11 is stuck with a transparent conductive film and is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current power supply 15 for absorbing bacteria liquid with anions to flow; the second glass plug 12 is arranged at the lower end of the organic glass tube 11, and the inside of the second glass plug is specially constructed for introducing the gel liquid into the sample from the lower end of the sample, and simultaneously, introducing the surplus slurry to a surplus slurry collecting vessel 16; the water stop plug 15 is arranged in the second glass plug 12 and is used for controlling outflow of the redundant bacterial liquid; the graphite electrode rod 14 penetrates through a circular tube positioned at the center of the bottom of the second glass plug 12 and penetrates into the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9, and finally is connected to the negative electrode of the direct current power supply 15 for attracting Ca 2+ to flow; the direct current power supply 15 provides direct current for electroosmosis grouting; the excess slurry collection dish 16 is used to collect excess slurry so as not to pollute the environment.
In the above scheme, further, no. two slip casting pipe connection gel deposit dish, no. one glass stopper and No. two glass stoppers to with the gel from sample upper and lower both ends utilize peristaltic pump to pour into in the sample into, adopt the mode of two-way slip casting to realize increasing the infiltration route of gel in the sample when improving slip casting efficiency, improve the homogeneity that the gel permeated in the sample.
Further, the first glass plug is composed of a first cylinder at the upper part, a second cylinder at the lower part and a third cylinder at the lower part, wherein the diameter of the first cylinder at the upper part is larger than that of the second cylinder at the lower part, the first cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the third cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the second cylinder, the tops of the first cylinder and the second cylinder are connected with the bottom surface of the first cylinder into a whole, an annular space between the second cylinder and the third cylinder is only provided with a closed bottom surface, the top of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the first cylinder, the outer wall of the second cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the organic glass tube, a slurry path diffusion cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the third cylinder, a drainage pipeline is arranged at the center of the first cylinder for the first grouting pipe to directly inject bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder, a drainage hole is arranged at the position corresponding to the annular space of the first cylinder for the second grouting pipe to inject the gelling liquid into the annular space, four holes are uniformly arranged on the closed bottom surface, the gelling liquid is injected into the sample body through the holes, and a layer of biochemical fiber cotton is arranged below the closed bottom surface to prevent sand samples from leaking out;
Furthermore, the slurry path diffusion cylinder can be a glass cylinder with upper and lower bottomless surfaces, grouting holes with the same diameter are uniformly arranged on the cylinder wall, and gauze is stuck to the inner wall of the cylinder to prevent sand samples from leaking out of the round holes; bacterial liquid in the slurry path diffusion cylinder is injected into the sample in a circumferential direction through a cylinder wall grouting hole, so that the bacterial liquid reacts with gel liquid injected from the upper end and the lower end of the sample to generate MICP in the sample to generate calcium carbonate, and the defect that the inside of the sample cannot be continuously injected due to the blocking of a permeation path caused by the calcium carbonate generated by the deposition of slurry on the outer surface of the sample in the traditional grouting instrument is overcome; the bacterial liquid is injected into the sample through the grouting holes and vertically diffuses under the action of dead weight, so that the three-dimensional permeation diffusion of the bacterial liquid is realized, and the curing effect is more uniform and the integrity is better.
Furthermore, the organic glass tube is of a double-valve die structure, can be connected into a whole by a pipe hoop, and a sand sample is placed in an annular space formed by the organic glass tube and the slurry path diffusion cylinder to form a hollow cylindrical sample meeting the specification requirements; a transparent conductive film is stuck on the inner wall of the organic glass tube, and the transparent conductive film is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply through two wires at the bottom of the organic glass tube double-petal die to attract bacteria liquid to flow; the transparent conductive film surrounds the entire outer surface of the hollow cylindrical sample so that the electroosmotic grouting range covers the entire sample; after the power is on, the transparent conductive film can attract the bacterial liquid in the slurry path diffusion cylinder to flow from the inner surface of the sample to the outer surface of the sample in the whole height range of the sample, and the bacterial liquid transverse diffusion path is further increased on the basis that the slurry diffusion path is increased by the bidirectional pressure grouting and the slurry path diffusion cylinder, so that the solidification uniformity of the sample is further improved.
Further, the second glass plug is composed of a fourth cylinder, a fifth cylinder and a sixth cylinder, wherein the fourth cylinder, the fifth cylinder and the sixth cylinder are arranged at the upper part, the sixth cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the fifth cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the fourth cylinder, the bottoms of the fifth cylinder and the top surface of the sixth cylinder are connected into a whole, an annular space between the fourth cylinder and the fifth cylinder is only provided with a closed top surface, the bottom of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the sixth cylinder, the outer wall of the fourth cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the organic glass tube, a slurry path diffusion cylinder is tightly attached to the inner wall of the fifth cylinder, a tube hole is arranged in the center of the sixth cylinder, a graphite electrode rod is inserted into the tube hole, a sealing treatment is adopted between the graphite electrode rod and the tube hole, a drainage pipeline is arranged at the position corresponding to the annular space of the sixth cylinder for injecting gel into the annular space, holes are uniformly formed at the closed top surface, the gel is injected into the sample body through the holes, the holes are formed at the position corresponding to the slurry path diffusion cylinder for installing a water stop plug, and the closed top surface is provided with a layer of raw chemical fiber cotton for preventing sand samples from leaking.
Further, the graphite electrode rod is positioned in the slurry path diffusion cylinder and fixed by a circular tube at the center of the bottom surface of the second glass plug, is connected with the negative electrode of the power supply, and attracts the gel liquid rich in Ca 2+ to flow after being electrified; the Ca 2+ range attracted by the graphite electrode rod comprises the full height of the sample, so that the electroosmosis grouting is more uniform; the electric field generated after the graphite electrode rod and the transparent conductive film are electrified contains the whole sample, so that the electroosmosis grouting range is wide, and the MICP curing effect is remarkably improved.
In one embodiment, the round tubes in the first glass plug and the second glass plug are round tubes with an inner diameter of 6mm, a wall thickness of 1mm, and no bottom, wherein the holes on the top surface of the first glass plug are 6mm, the holes on the bottom surface of the first glass plug are 3mm, the holes on the top surface of the second glass plug are 3mm, and the holes on the bottom surface of the second glass plug are 6mm.
In a specific example, the first grouting pipe and the second grouting pipe are round pipes with the outer diameter of 5mm and the pipe wall thickness of 1mm, and a circle of sealing band with the thickness of 1mm is arranged at the contact position of all grouting pipes and the glass plug after the grouting pipes are installed, so that the grouting pipes and the glass plug are tightly fixed.
In a specific example, the graphite electrode rod is a cylinder with the diameter of 5mm and the height of 300mm, and a circle of sealing tape with the thickness of 1mm is arranged at the position of 250mm from top to bottom (namely, the position of the sealing tape contacted with the bottom surface of the second glass plug), so that the tight fixation of the second glass plug and the graphite electrode rod is realized.
In a specific example, the outer diameter of the waterproof vent valve is 6mm, and the waterproof vent valve can be tightly connected with a round hole of a first glass plug so as to prevent water leakage.
In one embodiment, the first glass plug is as shown in fig. 2: the outer diameter of the upper large cylinder (the first cylinder) is 150mm, the height is 20mm, the outer diameter of the outer cylinder (the second cylinder) in the lower cylinder is 98mm, the outer wall is provided with a circle of sealing tape with the thickness of 2mm, the inner diameter of the inner cylinder (the third cylinder) is 58mm, the height is 30mm, the upper contact part of the upper contact part and the slurry path diffusion cylinder is provided with a circle of sealing tape with the thickness of 2mm, and the wall thickness of the first glass plug is 1mm.
In one embodiment, the second glass plug is as shown in fig. 3: the outer diameter of the lower large cylinder (sixth cylinder) is 150mm, the height is 20mm, the outer diameter of the outer cylinder (fourth cylinder) in the upper cylinder is 98mm, the outer wall is provided with a circle of sealing strips with the thickness of 2mm, the inner diameter of glass of the inner cylinder (fifth cylinder) is 58mm, the height is 30mm, the part of the sealing strips, which is in contact with the lower end of the slurry path diffusion cylinder, is provided with a circle of sealing strips with the thickness of 2mm, and the wall thickness of the second glass plug is 1mm.
In a specific example, the slurry path diffusion cylinder has a wall thickness of 2mm, an outer diameter of 60mm and a height of 260mm, circular holes with a diameter of 1mm and a clear distance of 2mm are uniformly distributed on the side wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder, and gauze is stuck on the inner wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder so as to prevent sand samples from leaking out of the circular holes.
In a specific example, the organic glass tube has an inner diameter of 100mm, a wall thickness of 2mm and a height of 260mm, is of a double-petal die structure, is convenient to install and detach through pipe hoop combination, and the inner walls of the double-petal die of the organic glass tube are all stuck with transparent conductive films with the thickness of 0.1mm.
In a specific example, the water stop plug is a rubber round table with the upper bottom diameter of 5mm and the lower bottom diameter of 10mm and the height of 30 mm.
In a specific example, the organic glass tube and the slurry path diffusion tube are used for preparing samples in a space with the outer diameter of 100mm, the inner diameter of 60mm and the height of 200mm, the outer wall of the slurry path diffusion tube is provided with a marking line, and when the samples reach the marking line, the height of the sample is exactly 200mm, so that the sample meets the size of the samples specified by a hollow cylinder torsion shear test.
The method for preparing the hollow cylindrical sample by adopting the MICP solidification sample preparation instrument is realized by adopting a method of combining pressure grouting and electroosmosis grouting with a MICP technology, and the sample preparation instrument realizes uniform solidification of the hollow cylindrical sample by utilizing the method of providing slurry by combining pressure grouting with electroosmosis and increasing a slurry flow path based on the MICP technology; according to the sample preparation instrument, the MICP solidification from the inside to the outside of the sample is realized by injecting the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid in a split way, so that the defect that the slurry permeation path is blocked by calcium carbonate deposition on the outer surface of the sample due to the fact that the bacterial liquid and the gel liquid are injected in the same path in the conventional sample preparation instrument is overcome, and the solidified sample is better in integrity and uniformity.
A specific working process of the embodiment is as follows:
After vaseline is uniformly smeared on the inner wall of the organic glass tube 11, the organic glass tube is fixed into a whole by using a pipe hoop 10, a second glass plug 12 is inserted from the lower end of the organic glass tube 11, a large cylinder at the lower part of the second glass plug 12 is tightly attached to the lower end of the organic glass tube 11, and a water stop plug 12, a second grouting tube 5 and a graphite electrode rod 14 are arranged at the bottom of the second glass plug 12. The outer wall of the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 is uniformly coated with vaseline, and the lower end of the slurry path diffusion cylinder is inserted into a fifth cylinder at the upper part of the second glass plug 12 until the slurry path diffusion cylinder and the fifth cylinder are tightly attached. Sand is filled in the annular space formed by the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 and the organic glass tube 11, specifically: the dried sand sample is prepared separately according to the quality of each layer of required particle size particles in a grade matching mode, 5 layers are evenly distributed, each layer is poured into an annular space and is compacted by a compaction hammer, the layers are subjected to dehairing treatment to ensure uniformity of the sample, the height of a marking line on the outer wall of a slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 is reached after the last layer of calcareous sand is filled, a first glass plug 8 is inserted from the top of an organic glass tube 11 to enable the bottom surface of the first cylinder at the upper part to be in close contact with the upper end of the organic glass tube 11, the upper end of the slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 is inserted into a third cylinder at the lower part of the first glass plug 8 to be in close contact with the third cylinder at the lower part, and a waterproof vent valve 7, a first grouting tube 2 and a second grouting tube 5 are arranged on the first glass plug.
Then, a sufficient amount of bacterial liquid is placed in the bacterial liquid storage dish 1, a sufficient amount of gel is placed in the gel storage dish 4, all peristaltic pumps are turned on simultaneously for pressure grouting, a certain amount of gel exists in a sample, a certain bacterial liquid in a slurry path diffusion cylinder 9 is turned on a direct current power supply 15 for electroosmosis grouting, and after 6 hours, the direct current power supply 15 and all peristaltic pumps are turned off, and grouting is finished.
Further, after grouting is completed, the water stop plug 13 is removed, the redundant slurry flows into the redundant slurry collecting vessel 16, after standing for a set time, the pipe hoop is firstly untied after the pipe wall of the four Zhou Qingqiao organic glass pipes is wound by a rubber hammer, after the organic glass pipes and the rest components are removed, the sample is placed into the pressure chamber, and a hollow cylinder torsion shear test is carried out.
The embodiments described in this specification are merely illustrative of the manner in which the inventive concepts may be implemented. The scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited to the specific forms set forth in the embodiments, but the scope of the present invention and the equivalents thereof as would occur to one skilled in the art based on the inventive concept.
Claims (9)
1. The MICP solidification sample preparation instrument for the hollow cylindrical sample is characterized by comprising a bacterial liquid storage vessel, a first grouting pipe, a first peristaltic pump, a cementing liquid storage vessel, a second grouting pipe, a second peristaltic pump, a waterproof vent valve, a first glass plug, a slurry path diffusion cylinder, an organic glass pipe, a second glass plug, a water stop plug, a graphite electrode rod and a direct current power supply;
The organic glass tube is formed by fixedly connecting a double-petal die through a pipe hoop, and a transparent conductive film is stuck on the inner wall of the organic glass tube and is connected with the positive electrode of a direct current power supply; the slurry path diffusion cylinder is coaxially arranged in the organic glass tube, and grouting holes are uniformly arranged on the cylinder wall; the first glass plug and the second glass plug are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion cylinder is fixed, and a sample body is arranged in a circumferential space formed by the slurry path diffusion cylinder and the organic glass tube; one end of the graphite electrode rod is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply, and the other end of the graphite electrode rod penetrates through the second glass plug and is inserted into the slurry path diffusion cylinder;
The first glass plug and the second glass plug are internally provided with a shunt-path drainage channel;
The first grouting pipe is connected with a bacterial liquid storage vessel and a first glass plug; the first peristaltic pump is arranged on the first grouting pipe and used for injecting bacterial liquid into the first glass plug and directly injecting the bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder through the shunt-path drainage channel; the second grouting pipe is connected with a gel storage vessel, a first glass plug and a second glass plug; the second peristaltic pump is arranged on the second grouting pipe and used for injecting the gel liquid into the first glass plug and the second glass plug, and directly injecting the gel liquid into the sample body through the shunt-path drainage channel;
The first glass plug is provided with a waterproof vent valve for communicating the annular space with the outside atmosphere, and the second glass plug is provided with a water stop plug for controlling outflow of redundant bacterial liquid.
2. The hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification sample preparation instrument according to claim 1, wherein the transparent conductive film covers the whole sample body, and the graphite electrode rod is inserted into the whole slurry path diffusion cylinder, so that an electric field generated by the graphite electrode rod and the transparent conductive film covers the whole sample after the power is turned on.
3. The MICP solidification sample preparation instrument of the hollow cylindrical sample according to claim 1, wherein the first glass plug is composed of a first cylinder on the upper part and a second cylinder and a third cylinder on the lower part, the first cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the third cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the second cylinder, the tops of the first cylinder and the third cylinder are connected with the bottom surface of the first cylinder into a whole, an annular space between the second cylinder and the third cylinder is only provided with a closed bottom surface, the top of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the first cylinder, the outer wall of the second cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of an organic glass tube, the slurry path diffusion cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of the third cylinder, a drainage pipeline is arranged in the center of the first cylinder for the first grouting pipe to directly inject bacterial liquid into the slurry path diffusion cylinder, a drainage hole is arranged in the position of the first cylinder corresponding to the annular space for the second grouting pipe to inject the gel liquid into the annular space, the closed bottom surface is uniformly provided with through holes, and the gel liquid is injected into the sample body through the through holes.
4. The hollow cylinder specimen MICP solidified sample preparation instrument of claim 3, wherein the raw chemical fiber cotton is arranged between the closed bottom surface and the specimen body.
5. The MICP solidification sample preparation instrument of the hollow cylindrical sample according to claim 1, wherein the second glass plug is composed of a fourth cylinder and a fifth cylinder at the upper part and a sixth cylinder at the lower part, the sixth cylinder is provided with a top surface and a bottom surface, the fifth cylinder is coaxially sleeved in the fourth cylinder, the bottoms of the fifth cylinder and the fourth cylinder are connected with the top surface of the sixth cylinder into a whole, an annular space between the fourth cylinder and the fifth cylinder is only provided with a closed top surface, the bottom of the annular space is communicated with the inner space of the sixth cylinder, the outer wall of the fourth cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of an organic glass tube, a slurry path diffusion cylinder is tightly matched with the inner wall of the fifth cylinder, a tube hole is arranged in the center of the sixth cylinder for inserting a graphite electrode rod, a sealing treatment is adopted between the graphite electrode rod and the tube hole, a drainage hole is formed in the position of the sixth cylinder corresponding to the annular space for injecting gel into the annular space, the closed top surface is uniformly provided with through holes, the gel is injected into the sample body through the through holes, and the through holes are formed in the position of the sixth cylinder corresponding to the slurry path diffusion cylinder for installing the water stop.
6. The hollow cylinder specimen MICP solidified sample preparation instrument of claim 5, wherein the raw chemical fiber cotton is arranged between the closed top surface and the specimen body.
7. A method for preparing a sample by curing a hollow cylindrical sample MICP, which is characterized in that the method is realized by adopting a sample preparation instrument according to any one of claims 1-6, and the method is realized by adopting separated grouting based on the MICP technology, specifically, gel liquid and bacterial liquid are respectively injected into the hollow cylindrical sample preparation instrument along different paths along the height of the sample, so that one of the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid is directly injected into the sample body of the hollow cylindrical sample, and the other is injected into the hollow part of the hollow cylindrical sample; the liquid directly injected into the hollow cylindrical sample body is subjected to bidirectional pressure grouting, and direct current is conducted between different paths, so that ions in the gel liquid and the bacterial liquid radially move simultaneously, an omnibearing three-dimensional gel liquid and bacterial liquid seepage network is formed in the sample, and the sample is uniformly solidified.
8. The method for preparing a hollow cylindrical sample MICP according to claim 7, wherein the gel solution is directly injected into the sample body of the hollow cylindrical sample, and the bacterial solution is injected into the hollow portion of the hollow cylindrical sample.
9. The method for preparing a hollow cylindrical sample MICP solidification according to claim 7, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
Sand samples are filled in a sample preparation instrument, bacterial liquid is placed in a bacterial liquid storage vessel, gel liquid is placed in a gel liquid storage vessel, and the sample preparation instrument is installed; simultaneously, all peristaltic pumps are opened to perform pressure grouting, so that gel liquid is continuously injected into sand samples from the upper end and the lower end, bacterial liquid is continuously injected into a slurry path diffusion cylinder, a direct current power supply is opened to perform electroosmosis grouting, the direct current power supply and all peristaltic pumps are closed after at least 6 hours, and grouting is finished.
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| CN202110425682.0A CN113155567B (en) | 2021-04-20 | 2021-04-20 | Hollow cylinder sample MICP curing sample preparation instrument and sample preparation method |
| US17/547,424 US11644394B2 (en) | 2020-12-11 | 2021-12-10 | Device and method for preparing solidified cohesionless soil specimen for triaxial test |
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