CN113155409A - Micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device - Google Patents
Micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113155409A CN113155409A CN202110182981.6A CN202110182981A CN113155409A CN 113155409 A CN113155409 A CN 113155409A CN 202110182981 A CN202110182981 A CN 202110182981A CN 113155409 A CN113155409 A CN 113155409A
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000003934 vacuole Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device, which comprises a micro-gap system, a low-pressure suction system, a supercooled liquid supply system, an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system, wherein the micro-gap system comprises a micro-gap system, a low-pressure suction system, a supercooled liquid supply system, a high-speed image acquisition system and a micro-gap system; the supercooled liquid supply system is used for providing supercooled liquid for the micro-gap system; the micro-gap system is used for providing a visual micro-gap with micron-scale adjustment precision and a gap height of millimeter magnitude; the low-pressure suction system is used for controlling the suction pressure of the supercooled liquid in the microgap system; the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap is pumped, so that the flow rate of the supercooled liquid is increased, the pressure of the supercooled liquid is reduced, and fluid cavitation is generated; the high-speed image acquisition system is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of the vacuoles of the fluid working medium in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the microgap. The invention can realize the direct observation and quantitative description of the cavitation degree of the micro-gap flow channel working area in the micro-gap operation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cavitation bubble observation technology, in particular to a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation quantitative observation device based on high-speed image acquisition.
Background
There are often instances in industrial equipment where liquid flows through a micro-gap channel. The micro-gap flow channel usually has the characteristics of gradual expansion and gradual reduction, and the flow velocity of liquid in the micro-gap flow channel is higher and the flow condition is complex. The flow state and cavitation and phase change of the fluid in the micro-gap affect the working performance of the industrial system. In order to research the liquid cavitation and cavitation bubble generation mechanism in the micro-gap, it is necessary to observe the processes of cavitation bubble generation, development and the like.
Due to the complexity of the micro-gap equipment and the unstable working condition of the fluid during working, the working medium vacuole in the micro-gap is difficult to be directly observed in the micro-gap operation process. At present, the research method of micro-gap cavitation is to research the cavitation result and does not relate to the monitoring of the cavitation process; or only the qualitative monitoring is carried out on the cavitation process, and the observation and quantitative description can not be carried out on the cavitation degree of the micro-gap flow channel working area.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-flow-rate micro-gap cavitation quantitative observation device with a gap height of millimeter magnitude and an adjustment precision of micrometer magnitude.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device is characterized in that:
the system comprises a micro-gap system, a low-pressure suction system, a supercooled liquid supply system, an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system;
the supercooled liquid supply system is used for providing supercooled liquid for the micro-gap system;
the micro-gap system is used for providing a visual micro-gap with micron-scale adjustment precision and millimeter-scale gap height and stabilizing the flow state of the supercooled liquid; the micro-gap system provides two flow directions for fluid working media: one of which flows from the edge of the micro-gap to the center; the second one flows from the center of the micro-gap to the edge;
the low-pressure suction system is used for controlling the suction pressure of the supercooled liquid in the microgap system; the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap is pumped, so that the flow rate of the supercooled liquid is increased, the pressure of the supercooled liquid is reduced, and fluid cavitation is generated;
the high-speed image acquisition system is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of the vacuoles of the fluid working medium in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the microgap, and the illumination system provides light rays with proper intensity for the high-speed image acquisition system in the image acquisition process.
Preferably, the micro-gap system comprises a flow channel member, a transparent member;
the transparent part is positioned below the runner piece; the end surface of the lower part of the flow passage part is provided with a micro flow passage which forms a micro gap with the transparent part below; the flow state of the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap can be observed through the transparent component;
the sealing element matched between the flow passage piece and the transparent component is used for sealing the micro-gap, the sealing element comprises a plurality of shims, the height of the micro-gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of the shims of the flow passage piece and the transparent component, and the adjustment precision is micrometer.
Preferably, the micro gap system includes a displacement sensor and a fixing member;
the displacement sensors are arranged on the fixed part at equal intervals along the circumference and are used for measuring the height of the visual micro-gap.
Preferably, the number of the displacement sensors is four, the bottom of the fixing part is provided with micro-gap adjusting nuts respectively corresponding to the four displacement sensors, and the corresponding adjusting nuts are fastened, so that the readings of the displacement sensors are the same, and the uniform height of the micro-gap is ensured.
Preferably, the micro-gap system further includes a frame, the flow channel member extends into the frame, and the low-pressure suction system, the supercooled liquid supply system, and the high-speed image acquisition system are fixed to the frame, and are configured to stabilize a flow state of the supercooled liquid supplied by the supercooled liquid supply system, and continuously supply the stable flow supercooled liquid into the micro-gap in a process of the low-pressure suction system sucking the supercooled liquid from the micro-gap.
Preferably, the transparent member is located directly below the flow path member; the micro-channel is arranged at the center of the lower end face of the channel piece.
Preferably, the low-pressure suction system comprises a first low-pressure suction system arranged at an outlet of the micro-channel far away from the micro-gap and a second low-pressure suction system arranged at an outlet of the edge of the micro-gap;
the suction pressure of the low-pressure suction system can be adjusted, and the flow rate of the supercooled liquid is controlled by adjusting the suction pressure; and the change of the starting and stopping relationship of the first low-pressure suction system and the second low-pressure suction system is used for changing the flow direction of the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap.
Preferably, the supercooled liquid supply system can realize accurate control of the supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid by respectively regulating and controlling the pressure and the temperature of the supercooled liquid.
Preferably, the lighting system is an LED lamp.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the device of the invention is a microgap cavitation observation device, wherein microgaps in a microgap system are communicated with a micro-channel, the flow cross section of a fluid working medium can be changed, the flowing speed of the fluid working medium is higher, negative pressure and fluid cavitation can be caused, and when the fluid working medium flows from the edge of the microgap to the central micro-channel, the flow cross section is continuously reduced; on the contrary, the area of the flow cross section is continuously enlarged, and the invention can carry out similar experiments on the cavitation of fluid working media with different flow velocities in gradually-expanding and gradually-reducing micro-channels;
2) the micro-gap system adopts the transparent part, and can quantitatively observe the cavitation of fluid working media with different flow velocities in the gradually-expanding and gradually-reducing micro-channels;
3) the invention can acquire and store the generation, growth and movement process image information of the fluid working medium vacuole in the micro-gap through the transparent part by the high-speed image acquisition system;
4) the height of the micro-gap in the micro-gap system is adjustable, the pressure of the low-pressure suction system is adjustable, and the temperature, the pressure and the supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid by the supercooled liquid supply system are adjustable, so that the invention can carry out similar experiments and quantitative observation on the cavitation of fluid working media with different flow rates in the gradually-expanding and gradually-reducing micro-channels.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall composition flow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a flow passage member of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a frame according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a sectional view of a fixing member in the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The invention provides a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device which comprises a micro-gap system 1, a low-pressure suction system 2, a supercooled liquid supply system 3, an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system 4.
The supercooled liquid supply system 3 is for supplying the micro gap system 1 with supercooled liquid; the micro-gap system 1 is used for providing a visual micro-gap with micron-scale adjustment precision and millimeter-scale gap height, and stabilizing the flowing state of the supercooled liquid; the micro-gap system 1 provides two flow directions for fluid working media: one of which flows from the edge of the micro-gap to the center; the second one flows from the center of the micro-gap to the edge; the low-pressure suction system 2 is used for controlling the suction pressure of the supercooled liquid in the microgap system 1; the super-cooled liquid in the micro-gap is pumped, so that the flow velocity of the fluid working medium is improved, the pressure of the fluid working medium is reduced, and fluid cavitation is generated; the high-speed image acquisition system 4 is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of the vacuoles of the fluid working medium in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the microgap, and the illumination system provides light rays with proper intensity for the high-speed image acquisition system 4 in the image acquisition process.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the micro gap system 1 includes a flow path member 11, a transparent member 12; the transparent member 12 is positioned below the flow path member 11; the end surface of the lower part of the flow channel piece 11 is provided with a micro-flow channel which forms a micro-gap with the transparent part 12 below; the flow state of the supercooled liquid inside the micro-gap can be observed through the transparent member. The sealing member fitted between the flow path member 11 and the transparent member 12 is used to seal the micro gap, and the sealing member includes a plurality of shims, and the height of the micro gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of shims of the flow path member 11 and the transparent member 12 with an accuracy of micrometer.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-described micro gap system 1 includes a displacement sensor 13 and a fixing member 14; at least three displacement sensors 13 are arranged on the fixing part 14 at equal intervals along the circumference for measuring the height of the visual micro gap.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the displacement sensors 13 is four, and the bottom of the fixing member 14 is provided with micro-gap adjusting nuts corresponding to the four displacement sensors 13, respectively, and the corresponding adjusting nuts are fastened to make the readings of the displacement sensors the same, thereby ensuring that the micro-gap heights are uniform.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the micro-gap system 1 further includes a frame 15, the flow channel member 11 extends into the frame 15, and the low-pressure pumping system 2, the supercooled liquid supply system 3 and the high-speed image acquisition system 4 are fixed on the frame 15, and are configured to stabilize a flow state of the supercooled liquid supplied by the supercooled liquid supply system 3, and continuously supply the supercooled liquid, which stably flows, into the micro-gap during the process of pumping the fluid working medium from the micro-gap by the low-pressure pumping system 2.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the low-pressure suction system 2 described above comprises a first low-pressure suction system 21 arranged at the outlet of the centre of the micro-gap and a second low-pressure suction system 22 arranged at the outlet of the edge of the micro-gap; the suction pressure of the low-pressure suction system 2 is adjustable, and the flow rate of the supercooled liquid is controlled by adjusting the suction pressure; the change of the start-stop relationship of the first low-pressure suction system 21 and the second low-pressure suction system 22 is used to change the flow direction of the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the supercooled liquid supply system 3 may control the supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid accurately by controlling the pressure and temperature of the supercooled liquid, respectively.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the illumination system is an LED lamp.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-6, a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device comprises a micro-gap system 1, a low-pressure suction system 2, a supercooled liquid supply system 3, a high-speed image acquisition system 4 and an illumination system.
The supercooled liquid supply system 3 is used for controlling the temperature, pressure and supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid and delivering the generated supercooled liquid to the micro-gap system 1; the micro-gap system 1 is used for providing a visual micro-gap with micron-scale adjustment precision and millimeter-scale gap height, and stabilizing the flowing state of the supercooled liquid; in practical application, the temperature and the pressure of the supercooled liquid delivered to the micro-gap system 1 are respectively controlled by adjusting the working parameters of the supercooled liquid supply system 3, so that the supercooling degree of the fluid working medium is accurately controlled.
The high-speed image acquisition system 4 is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of the vacuoles of the fluid working medium in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the microgap. The illumination system provides light of suitable intensity to the high-speed image acquisition system 4 during the image acquisition process.
Referring to fig. 2, the micro gap system 1 of the present invention includes a flow path member 11, a transparent member 12, a displacement sensor 13, a fixing member 14, and a frame 15; wherein, the runner piece 11 extends into the frame 13, and the transparent part 12 is positioned under the runner piece 11; a micro-channel is arranged in the center of the lower end face of the channel piece 11 and forms a micro-gap with the transparent part 12 right below; the flow state of the supercooled liquid inside the micro-gap can be observed through the transparent member 12; the sealing member fitted between the flow channel member 11 and the transparent member 12 is used to seal the micro-gap, and comprises a plurality of shims 16. The height of the micro-gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of shims 16 of the flow channel member 11 and the transparent member 12 with an accuracy of the order of micrometers.
The transparent part 12 is arranged on the fixed part 14, the displacement sensors 13 are arranged on the fixed part 14 at equal intervals along the circumference, and are used for measuring the height of the visual micro gap, and the four displacement sensors are respectively a first displacement sensor 131, a second displacement sensor 132, a third displacement sensor 133 and a fourth displacement sensor 134; the four displacement sensors are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with the four micro-gap adjusting nuts at the bottom of the fixing part 14, and the adjusting nuts corresponding to the displacement sensors with larger readings are fastened, so that the readings of the displacement sensors are the same, and the micro-gap height is ensured to be uniform.
The frame 15 is used for connecting the micro-gap system 1 with other parts, stabilizing the flow state of the supercooled liquid supplied by the supercooled liquid supply system 3, and continuously supplying the stable flow supercooled liquid to the interior of the micro-gap in the process of pumping the supercooled liquid from the micro-gap by the low-pressure pumping system 2.
The low pressure pumping system 2 comprises a micro pump but is not limited to a micro pump. Subcooled liquid supply system 3 may employ, but is not limited to, existing gas liquefaction, cooling, and pressurization techniques.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the first low-pressure suction system 21 is connected with the center outlet of the micro-gap, the second low-pressure suction system 22 is connected with the edge outlet of the micro-gap, the first low-pressure suction system 21 and the second low-pressure suction system 22 are respectively connected with the supercooled liquid supply system 3, and the micro-gap system 1, the low-pressure suction system 2 and the supercooled liquid supply system 3 form a closed circulation loop. The flow direction of the micro-gap supercooled liquid is changed by changing the starting and stopping relations of the first low-pressure suction system 21 and the second low-pressure suction system 22: one of the micro-gap flows to the central micro-channel from the edge of the micro-gap, and the other flows to the edge of the micro-gap from the central micro-channel; the high-speed image acquisition system 4 captures the image information of the generation, growth and movement of vacuoles of the fluid working medium in the flowing process of the micro-gap through the transparent part 12, and stores the acquired image information.
In practical application, before the low-pressure suction system 2 sucks, the micro-gap is completely soaked by the fluid working medium.
In the present embodiment, the lower end surface of the flow channel member 11 is provided with a micro flow channel perpendicular to the end surface, but the present invention is not limited to the micro flow channel perpendicular to the end surface. In the invention, the adjustment precision of the visual micro-gap with adjustable space formed by the flow channel piece 11 and the transparent part 12 is in micron order.
In summary, in the micro-gap cavitation observation device of the present invention, the supercooled liquid of constant temperature, constant pressure and constant supercooling degree generated by the supercooled liquid supply system enters the micro-gap system to stabilize the flow state, and one flow manner is: the fluid working medium flows from the edge of the micro-gap to the central micro-hole of the flow passage piece at high speed after being pumped by the low-pressure pumping system, and the outlet pressure of the fluid working medium is controlled and maintained by the low-pressure pumping system; the other flow mode is as follows: the fluid working medium flows from the central micropore of the flow passage piece to the edge of the micro gap at high speed after being pumped by a low-pressure pumping system, and the outlet pressure of the fluid working medium is controlled and maintained by the low-pressure end of the supercooled liquid supply system. The acquisition speed of the high-speed image acquisition system can ensure the observation of various motion characteristics of the hollow bubble in the micro-gap. Therefore, the invention can carry out similar experiment and quantitative observation on the cavitation of the fluid working medium with different flow velocities in the gradually-expanding and gradually-reducing micro-channel, and has higher observation precision.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device is characterized in that:
comprises a micro-gap system (1), a low-pressure suction system (2), a supercooled liquid supply system (3), an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system (4);
the supercooled liquid supply system (3) is used for providing supercooled liquid for the micro-gap system (1);
the micro-gap system (1) is used for providing a visual micro-gap with adjustable gap height and stabilizing the flowing state of the supercooled liquid; the fluid working medium flows in the micro-gap system (1);
the low-pressure suction system (2) is used for controlling the suction pressure of the supercooled liquid in the microgap system (1); the flow velocity of the supercooled liquid is improved by pumping the fluid working medium in the micro-gap, so that the pressure of the supercooled liquid is reduced, and fluid cavitation is generated;
the high-speed image acquisition system (4) is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of the vacuoles of the fluid working medium in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the microgap, and the illumination system provides light rays with proper intensity for the high-speed image acquisition system (4) in the image acquisition process.
2. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 1, wherein:
the micro-gap system (1) comprises a flow passage piece (11) and a transparent part (12);
the transparent part (12) is positioned below the flow passage piece (11); the center of the end surface of the lower part of the flow channel piece (11) is provided with a micro-flow channel which forms a micro-gap with the transparent part (12) below; the flow state of the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap can be observed through the transparent component;
the sealing element matched between the flow passage element (11) and the transparent part (12) is used for sealing the micro gap, the sealing element comprises a plurality of shims, the height of the micro gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of the shims of the flow passage element (11) and the transparent part (12), and the adjustment precision is in the micrometer range.
3. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 2, wherein:
the micro gap system (1) comprises a displacement sensor (13) and a fixed part (14);
the displacement sensors (13) are arranged on the fixing part (14) at equal intervals along the circumference and are used for measuring the height of the visual micro gap.
4. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 3, wherein:
the number of the displacement sensors (13) is four, and the bottoms of the fixing parts (14) are provided with micro-gap adjusting nuts respectively corresponding to the four displacement sensors (13), and the corresponding adjusting nuts are fastened, so that the readings of the displacement sensors are the same, and the micro-gap height is ensured to be uniform.
5. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 4, wherein:
the micro-gap system (1) further comprises a rack (15), the flow channel piece (11) extends into the rack (15), and the low-pressure suction system (2), the supercooled liquid supply system (3) and the high-speed image acquisition system (4) are fixed on the rack (15).
6. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 5,
the transparent part (12) is positioned right below the runner piece (11); the micro flow channel is arranged at the center of the lower end face of the flow channel piece (11).
7. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 6, wherein:
the low-pressure suction system (2) comprises a first low-pressure suction system (21) arranged at an outlet of the micro-channel far away from the micro-gap and a second low-pressure suction system (22) arranged at an outlet of the edge of the micro-gap;
the suction pressure of the low-pressure suction system (2) is adjustable, and the flow rate of the supercooled liquid is controlled by adjusting the suction pressure; the change of the start-stop relationship of the first low-pressure suction system (21) and the second low-pressure suction system (22) is used for changing the flow direction of the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap.
8. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein:
the supercooled liquid supply system (3) can realize accurate control of the supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid by respectively regulating and controlling the pressure and the temperature of the supercooled liquid.
9. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 8, wherein:
the lighting system is an LED lamp.
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