CN113155409B - Micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device - Google Patents
Micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113155409B CN113155409B CN202110182981.6A CN202110182981A CN113155409B CN 113155409 B CN113155409 B CN 113155409B CN 202110182981 A CN202110182981 A CN 202110182981A CN 113155409 B CN113155409 B CN 113155409B
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- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000013526 supercooled liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004781 supercooling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M10/00—Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
- G01N21/85—Investigating moving fluids or granular solids
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device, which comprises a micro-gap system, a low-pressure suction system, a supercooled liquid supply system, an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system, wherein the micro-gap system is connected with the low-pressure suction system; the supercooled liquid supply system is used for providing supercooled liquid for the micro-gap system; the micro-gap system is used for providing a visual micro-gap with the gap height of millimeter level with micron level adjustment precision; the low-pressure suction system is used for controlling the suction pressure of supercooled liquid in the micro-gap system; by pumping the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap, the flow speed of the supercooled liquid is increased, the pressure of the supercooled liquid is reduced, and fluid cavitation is generated; the high-speed image acquisition system is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of fluid working medium cavitation bubbles in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the micro-gap. The invention can realize the direct observation and quantitative description of the cavitation degree of the working area of the micro-gap flow channel in the micro-gap operation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to cavitation observation technology, in particular to a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation quantitative observation device based on high-speed image acquisition.
Background
There are often instances in industrial equipment where liquid flows through the micro-gap channels. The micro-gap flow channel is characterized by gradual expansion and gradual contraction, and the flow velocity of the liquid in the micro-gap flow channel is high and the flow condition is complex. The flow state and cavitation, phase change conditions of the fluid in the micro-gap will affect the operational performance of the industrial system. In order to study the mechanism of cavitation and cavitation generation of liquid in the micro-gap, it is necessary to observe the processes of cavitation generation, development and the like.
Because of the complexity of the micro-gap device and the unstable working condition of the fluid during working, working medium cavitation in the micro-gap is difficult to directly observe in the micro-gap operation process. At present, the research method for the micro-gap cavitation is to research cavitation results, and the monitoring of the cavitation process is not involved; or only qualitatively monitoring the cavitation process, and can not observe and quantitatively describe the cavitation degree of the working area of the micro-gap flow channel.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a high-flow-rate micro-gap cavitation quantitative observation device with a gap height of millimeter magnitude and an adjustment precision of micrometer magnitude.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device is characterized in that:
comprises a micro-gap system, a low-pressure suction system, a supercooled liquid supply system, an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system;
the supercooled liquid supply system is used for providing supercooled liquid for the micro-gap system;
the micro-gap system is used for providing a visual micro-gap with the gap height of millimeter level with micron level adjustment precision and stabilizing the flowing state of supercooled liquid; the micro-gap system provides two flow directions for the fluid working medium: one flows from the edge of the micro gap to the center; secondly, flowing from the center of the micro gap to the edge;
the low-pressure suction system is used for controlling the suction pressure of supercooled liquid in the micro-gap system; by pumping the supercooled liquid in the micro-gap, the flow speed of the supercooled liquid is increased, the pressure of the supercooled liquid is reduced, and fluid cavitation is generated;
the high-speed image acquisition system is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of fluid working medium cavitation bubbles in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the micro-gap, and the illumination system provides light with proper intensity for the high-speed image acquisition system in the image acquisition process.
Preferably, the micro gap system comprises a runner element and a transparent member;
the transparent component is positioned below the runner component; the lower end surface of the runner piece is provided with a micro runner which forms a micro gap with the transparent part below; the flow state of supercooled liquid in the micro gap can be observed through the transparent component;
the sealing piece matched between the runner piece and the transparent part is used for sealing the micro gap, the sealing piece comprises a plurality of thin gaskets, the height of the micro gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of the thin gaskets of the runner piece and the transparent part, and the adjustment precision is in the order of micrometers.
Preferably, the micro gap system comprises a displacement sensor and a fixing part;
the displacement sensors are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the fixed part and are used for measuring the height of the visual micro-gap.
Preferably, the number of the displacement sensors is four, the bottom of the fixing part is provided with micro-gap adjusting nuts corresponding to the four displacement sensors respectively, and the corresponding adjusting nuts are fastened, so that the indication numbers of the displacement sensors are the same, and the micro-gap height is ensured to be uniform.
Preferably, the micro gap system further comprises a frame, the flow channel member extends into the frame, the low pressure suction system, the supercooled liquid supply system and the high speed image acquisition system are fixed on the frame, and are used for stabilizing the flow state of the supercooled liquid supplied by the supercooled liquid supply system, and continuously supplying the steady flow supercooled liquid into the micro gap in the process that the low pressure suction system sucks the supercooled liquid from the micro gap.
Preferably, the transparent member is located directly below the flow path member; the micro flow channel is arranged at the center of the lower end surface of the flow channel piece.
Preferably, the low-pressure pumping system comprises a first low-pressure pumping system arranged at an outlet of the micro-channel far from the micro-gap and a second low-pressure pumping system arranged at an outlet of the edge of the micro-gap;
the suction pressure of the low-pressure suction system is adjustable, and the supercooled liquid flow rate is controlled by adjusting the suction pressure; the change in the start-stop relationship of the first low pressure pumping system and the second low pressure pumping system is used to change the flow direction of the supercooled liquid in the micro gap.
Preferably, the supercooled liquid supply system can realize accurate control of the supercooled degree of the supercooled liquid by respectively regulating and controlling the pressure and the temperature of the supercooled liquid.
Preferably, the lighting system is an LED lamp.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) The device is a micro-gap cavitation observation device, wherein a micro-gap in a micro-gap system is communicated with a micro-channel, the flow cross section of a fluid working medium can be changed, the flow speed of the fluid working medium is high, negative pressure and fluid cavitation can be caused, and when the fluid working medium flows from the edge of the micro-gap to the central micro-channel, the flow cross section is continuously reduced; otherwise, the area of the flow cross section is continuously enlarged, and the invention can carry out similar experiments on cavitation of fluid working media with different flow rates in the gradually-enlarged and gradually-reduced micro-channels;
2) The micro-gap system adopts the transparent component, and can quantitatively observe cavitation of fluid working media with different flow rates in the gradually-expanding and gradually-shrinking micro-channels;
3) The invention can collect and store image information in the generation, growth and motion process of fluid working medium cavitation bubbles in the micro-gap through the transparent component by the high-speed image collecting system;
4) The micro-gap in the micro-gap system is adjustable in height, the pressure of the low-pressure pumping system is adjustable, and the temperature, the pressure and the supercooling degree of supercooled liquid are adjustable by the supercooling liquid supply system, so that the invention can carry out similar experiments and quantitative observations on cavitation of fluid working media with different flow rates in the gradually-expanding and gradually-shrinking micro-channels.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall composition flow of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a flow conduit member according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a frame of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a fixing member in the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device which comprises a micro-gap system 1, a low-pressure suction system 2, a supercooled liquid supply system 3, an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system 4.
The supercooled liquid supply system 3 is for supplying supercooled liquid to the micro gap system 1; the micro gap system 1 is used for providing a visual micro gap with the gap height of millimeter level and adjusting accuracy in the micron level, and stabilizing the flow state of supercooled liquid; the micro gap system 1 provides two flow directions for the fluid working medium: one flows from the edge of the micro gap to the center; secondly, flowing from the center of the micro gap to the edge; the low-pressure suction system 2 is used for controlling the suction pressure of supercooled liquid in the micro gaps in the micro gap system 1; pumping supercooled liquid in the micro-gap to raise the flow velocity of fluid working medium, reduce the pressure and generate fluid cavitation; the high-speed image acquisition system 4 is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of fluid working medium cavitation bubbles in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the micro-gap, and the illumination system provides light with proper intensity for the high-speed image acquisition system 4 in the image acquisition process.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the micro gap system 1 includes a flow channel member 11 and a transparent member 12; the transparent member 12 is located below the flow path member 11; the lower end surface of the runner piece 11 is provided with a micro runner, and a micro gap is formed between the micro runner and the transparent part 12 below; the flow state of the supercooled liquid inside the micro gap can be observed through the transparent member. The sealing member fitted between the flow path member 11 and the transparent member 12 is used for sealing the micro gap, the sealing member includes a plurality of shims, and the height of the micro gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of the shims of the flow path member 11 and the transparent member 12, and the adjustment accuracy is in the order of micrometers.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-described micro gap system 1 includes a displacement sensor 13 and a fixing member 14; the displacement sensors 13 are circumferentially equally spaced at least three on the fixed member 14 for measuring the visual micro gap height.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the number of the displacement sensors 13 is four, the bottom of the fixing member 14 is provided with micro-gap adjusting nuts corresponding to the four displacement sensors 13, and the corresponding adjusting nuts are fastened, so that the indication numbers of the displacement sensors are the same, and the micro-gap height is ensured to be uniform.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned micro gap system 1 further comprises a frame 15, the flow path member 11 extends into the frame 15, and the low pressure suction system 2, the supercooled liquid supply system 3 and the high speed image pickup system 4 are fixed to the frame 15 for stabilizing the flow state of the supercooled liquid supplied from the supercooled liquid supply system 3 and continuously supplying the supercooled liquid which flows stably into the micro gap during the suction of the fluid working medium from the micro gap by the low pressure suction system 2.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the low pressure suction system 2 includes a first low pressure suction system 21 provided at the center outlet of the micro gap and a second low pressure suction system 22 provided at the edge outlet of the micro gap; the suction pressure of the low-pressure suction system 2 is adjustable, and the supercooled liquid flow rate is controlled by adjusting the suction pressure; the change in the on-off relationship of the first low pressure suction system 21 and the second low pressure suction system 22 is used to change the flow direction of the supercooled liquid in the micro gap.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-mentioned supercooled liquid supply system 3 can achieve accurate control of the supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid by respectively controlling the pressure and the temperature of the supercooled liquid.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, the illumination system is an LED lamp.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-6, a micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device comprises a micro-gap system 1, a low-pressure suction system 2, a supercooled liquid supply system 3, a high-speed image acquisition system 4 and an illumination system.
The supercooled liquid supply system 3 is used for controlling the temperature, pressure and supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid, and delivering the generated supercooled liquid to the micro gap system 1; the micro gap system 1 is used for providing a visual micro gap with the gap height of millimeter level and adjusting accuracy in the micron level, and stabilizing the flow state of supercooled liquid; in practical application, the temperature and the pressure of the supercooled liquid which is conveyed to the micro-gap system 1 are respectively controlled by adjusting the working parameters of the supercooled liquid supply system 3, so that the supercooling degree of the fluid working medium is accurately controlled.
The high-speed image acquisition system 4 is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of fluid working medium cavitation bubbles in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the micro-gap. The illumination system provides high-speed image acquisition system 4 with light of a suitable intensity during image acquisition.
Referring to fig. 2, the micro gap system 1 of the present invention includes a flow path member 11, a transparent member 12, a displacement sensor 13, a fixing member 14, and a frame 15; wherein the runner 11 extends into the frame 13, and the transparent part 12 is positioned right below the runner 11; a micro-channel is formed in the center of the lower end surface of the channel piece 11, and a micro-gap is formed between the micro-channel and the transparent part 12 right below; the flow state of the supercooled liquid inside the micro gap can be observed through the transparent member 12; a mating seal between the flow channel member 11 and the transparent member 12 is used to seal the micro gap, the seal comprising a plurality of shims 16. The height of the micro gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of shims 16 of the flow channel member 11 and the transparent member 12 with an accuracy of the order of micrometers.
The transparent component 12 is arranged on the fixed component 14, and the displacement sensor 13 is provided with four displacement sensors which are respectively a first displacement sensor 131, a second displacement sensor 132, a third displacement sensor 133 and a fourth displacement sensor 134 along the circumference of the fixed component 14 at equal intervals and used for measuring the height of the visual micro-gap; the four displacement sensors are respectively in one-to-one correspondence with four micro-gap adjusting nuts at the bottom of the fixed part 14, and the adjusting nuts corresponding to the displacement sensors with larger readings are fastened, so that the readings of the displacement sensors are the same, and the micro-gap height is ensured to be uniform.
The frame 15 is used for connecting the micro gap system 1 with other parts, stabilizing the flow state of the supercooled liquid supplied by the supercooled liquid supply system 3, and continuously supplying the steady flow supercooled liquid into the micro gap during the process of sucking the supercooled liquid from the micro gap by the low pressure suction system 2.
The low pressure pumping system 2 comprises a micro pump but is not limited to a micro pump. The subcooled liquid supply system 3 may employ, but is not limited to, existing gas liquefaction, cooling and pressurization techniques.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the first low-pressure suction system 21 is connected with the center outlet of the micro gap, the second low-pressure suction system 22 is connected with the edge outlet of the micro gap, the first low-pressure suction system 21 and the second low-pressure suction system 22 are respectively connected with the supercooled liquid supply system 3, and the micro gap system 1, the low-pressure suction system 2 and the supercooled liquid supply system 3 form a closed circulation loop. Changing the micro-gap sub-cooled liquid flow direction by changing the on-off relationship of the first low pressure suction system 21 and the second low pressure suction system 22: one of the two flows from the edge of the micro gap to the central micro channel, and the other flows from the central micro channel to the edge of the micro gap; the high-speed image acquisition system 4 captures image information of generation, growth and movement of cavitation bubbles of the fluid working medium in the flowing process of the micro-gap through the transparent component 12, and stores the acquired image information.
In practical application, the micro-gap is completely infiltrated by the fluid working medium before the low-pressure pumping system 2 pumps.
In the present embodiment, the lower end surface of the flow path member 11 is opened with a micro flow path perpendicular to the end surface, but is not limited to a micro flow path perpendicular to the end surface. In the invention, the adjustment accuracy of the visual micro-gap with adjustable spacing formed by the runner piece 11 and the transparent part 12 is in the order of micrometers.
In summary, in the micro-gap cavitation observation device of the present invention, a constant temperature, a constant pressure and a constant supercooling degree supercooled liquid generated by a supercooled liquid supply system enters a steady flow state of the micro-gap system, and one flow mode is as follows: the fluid working medium is sucked by the low-pressure suction system, flows at a high speed from the edge of the micro gap to the center micropore of the flow passage piece, and the outlet pressure of the fluid working medium is controlled and maintained by the low-pressure suction system; another flow pattern is: the fluid working medium is sucked by the low-pressure suction system, flows from the center micropore of the runner component to the edge of the micro gap at a high speed, and the outlet pressure of the fluid working medium is controlled and maintained by the low-pressure end of the supercooled liquid supply system. The acquisition speed of the high-speed image acquisition system can ensure the observation of various motion characteristics of cavitation bubbles in the micro-gaps. Therefore, the invention can carry out similar experiments and quantitative observation on cavitation of fluid working media with different flow rates in the gradually-expanding and gradually-shrinking micro-channels, and has higher observation precision.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device is characterized in that:
comprises a micro-gap system (1), a low-pressure suction system (2), a supercooled liquid supply system (3), an illumination system and a high-speed image acquisition system (4);
a supercooled liquid supply system (3) for supplying supercooled liquid to the micro gap system (1);
the micro gap system (1) is used for providing a visual micro gap with adjustable gap height and stabilizing the flow state of supercooled liquid; the fluid working medium flows in the micro-gap system (1);
the low-pressure suction system (2) is used for controlling the suction pressure of supercooled liquid in the micro-gaps in the micro-gap system (1); pumping the fluid working medium in the micro-gap to raise the flow rate of the supercooled liquid, so that the pressure of the supercooled liquid is reduced, and fluid cavitation is generated;
the high-speed image acquisition system (4) is used for acquiring and storing the generation, growth and moving images of fluid working medium cavitation bubbles in the flowing process of the fluid working medium in the micro-gap, and the illumination system provides light with proper intensity for the high-speed image acquisition system (4) in the image acquisition process;
the micro-gap system (1) comprises a runner (11) and a transparent component (12);
the transparent part (12) is positioned below the runner piece (11); the center of the lower end surface of the runner piece (11) is provided with a micro runner, and a micro gap is formed between the micro runner and the transparent part (12) below; the flow state of supercooled liquid in the micro gap can be observed through the transparent component;
the sealing element matched between the runner element (11) and the transparent part (12) is used for sealing the micro gap, the sealing element comprises a plurality of thin gaskets, the height of the micro gap is adjusted by adjusting the number of the thin gaskets of the runner element (11) and the transparent part (12), and the adjustment precision is in the micrometer scale.
2. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 1, wherein:
the micro gap system (1) comprises a displacement sensor (13) and a fixation part (14);
the displacement sensors (13) are circumferentially and equidistantly arranged on the fixed part (14) and are used for measuring the visual micro-gap height.
3. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 2, wherein:
the number of the displacement sensors (13) is four, the bottom of the fixing part (14) is provided with micro-gap adjusting nuts corresponding to the four displacement sensors (13) respectively, and the corresponding adjusting nuts are fastened, so that the indication numbers of the displacement sensors are the same, and the micro-gap height is ensured to be uniform.
4. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 3, wherein:
the micro-gap system (1) further comprises a frame (15), the runner component (11) stretches into the frame (15), and the low-pressure suction system (2), the supercooled liquid supply system (3) and the high-speed image acquisition system (4) are fixed on the frame (15).
5. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 4, wherein,
the transparent component (12) is positioned right below the runner component (11); the micro flow channel is arranged at the center of the lower end surface of the flow channel piece (11).
6. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 5, wherein:
the low-pressure suction system (2) comprises a first low-pressure suction system (21) arranged at the outlet of the micro-channel far from the micro-gap and a second low-pressure suction system (22) arranged at the edge outlet of the micro-gap;
the suction pressure of the low-pressure suction system (2) is adjustable, and the supercooled liquid flow rate is controlled by adjusting the suction pressure; the change of the start-stop relation of the first low-pressure suction system (21) and the second low-pressure suction system (22) is used for changing the flow direction of supercooled liquid in the micro gap.
7. A micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that:
the supercooled liquid supply system (3) can respectively regulate and control the pressure and the temperature of the supercooled liquid, so as to realize the accurate control of the supercooling degree of the supercooled liquid.
8. The micro-gap high-speed fluid cavitation observation device according to claim 7, wherein:
the lighting system is an LED lamp.
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| 机械密封端面液膜空化的研究进展;陈汇龙 等;《排灌机械工程学报》;第33卷(第2期);全文 * |
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| CN113155409A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
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