CN113155183A - Accurate monitoring device for apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment and application thereof - Google Patents
Accurate monitoring device for apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113155183A CN113155183A CN202110289554.8A CN202110289554A CN113155183A CN 113155183 A CN113155183 A CN 113155183A CN 202110289554 A CN202110289554 A CN 202110289554A CN 113155183 A CN113155183 A CN 113155183A
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- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 244000141359 Malus pumila Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010219 correlation analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000021332 multicellular organism growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D11/00—Component parts of measuring arrangements not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D11/30—Supports specially adapted for an instrument; Supports specially adapted for a set of instruments
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Management, Administration, Business Operations System, And Electronic Commerce (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment accurate monitoring device and application thereof. The monitoring device comprises a telescopic stand column, telescopic supports are arranged on two sides of the telescopic stand column, a data acquisition and transmission controller is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic stand column, the telescopic stand column is fixed on the ground through a triangular fixing support, and a wind measuring device is arranged at the top of the telescopic stand column; the bottom of the telescopic upright post is connected with a soil monitoring device, and an environment monitoring device is arranged below the telescopic support. The device provided by the invention can accurately monitor the micro-domain environmental parameters in the canopy of the apple tree in different tree forms and different tree body structures in real time, thereby providing scientific basis for selection of the high-luminous-efficiency tree form of the apple, construction of the tree body structure and simplified pruning technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment accurate monitoring device and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of orchard environment monitoring.
Background
In recent researches on apple cultivation, people find that the light energy utilization can be improved by selecting a high-light-efficiency tree shape and a reasonable tree body structure, the management is convenient, and the yield of apple trees and the quality of fruits are effectively improved. However, the construction of tree forms and tree bodies which are adaptive to ecological environment, planting density, combination of rootstock and scion and cultivation management level is always a core problem to be solved urgently in apple cultivation and production in China.
At present, the high-light-efficiency tree form adopted by apple cultivation in China mainly comprises a small crown sparse layer form, a sparse layered form, an improved spindle form and a slender spindle form. Most of the existing orchard and fruit tree monitoring systems simply collect environmental parameters of fruit trees or the whole orchard, so that researches on canopy environmental factors such as crown light transmittance of different tree forms and the like and the corresponding optimum parameters of a tree body structure are urgently needed to be developed, correlation analysis is carried out on tree body growth, blade photosynthetic characteristics and fruit quality, and scientific basis is provided for selection of high-light efficiency tree forms of apples, construction of the tree body structure and simplified pruning technology.
Chinese patent document CN206132035U discloses a tree-shaped measuring device for fruit trees, which includes: a color palette with a coordinate system; the height measuring instrument is arranged on the bottom color plate and used for measuring the height of a selected primary measuring point on a primary branch, and comprises a height measuring scale which is vertically arranged and a height measuring rod which is arranged on the height measuring scale in a sliding manner; the width measuring instrument is arranged on the bottom color plate and used for measuring the width of a selected primary measuring point on the primary branch, and comprises a horizontally arranged width measuring scale and a width measuring rod arranged on the width measuring scale in a sliding manner. However, the device can only measure the height, width and other parameters of the fruit tree, and is lack of accurate dynamic monitoring aiming at crown layer environmental factors of different tree forms and different tree body structures of the apple tree.
In view of the above, it is necessary to design a device for accurately monitoring the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment accurate monitoring device and application thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an accurate monitoring device for apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment comprises a telescopic upright post, wherein telescopic supports are arranged on two sides of the telescopic upright post, a data acquisition and transmission controller is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic upright post, the telescopic upright post is fixed on the ground through a triangular fixed support, and a wind measuring device is arranged at the top of the telescopic upright post; the bottom of the telescopic upright post is connected with a soil monitoring device, and an environment monitoring device is arranged below the telescopic support.
According to the invention, the telescopic bracket is preferably adjustable up and down and adjustable in angle. The angle between the telescopic support and the telescopic upright post can be adjusted according to the branch angle of the apple tree, and the length of the telescopic support is adjusted according to the length of the main branch of the apple tree, so that the apple tree is suitable for the shape of the apple tree.
According to the invention, the telescopic upright post and the telescopic bracket are preferably connected through a steel clip. The telescopic support is convenient to mount and dismount, and the number of the telescopic supports can be adjusted according to the number of the main branches.
According to the invention, the model of the data acquisition and transmission controller is preferably MR-M8440-D.
According to the invention, a first wireless signal transmitter, a wind direction and wind speed sensor and a video monitor are preferably arranged in the wind measuring device.
According to the invention, preferably, a second wireless signal transmitter, a soil humidity sensor and a soil temperature sensor are arranged in the soil monitoring device.
According to the invention, preferably, a third wireless signal transmitter, an illumination sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, an air temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor are arranged in the environment monitoring device.
Preferably, the environment monitoring device is arranged at 1/5-4/5 of the most extensive part of the telescopic upright post and each main branch. The position of the environment monitoring device on the telescopic bracket can be adjusted according to the length and the length of the branch.
According to the invention, the wind measuring device, the soil monitoring device and the environment monitoring device are all connected with the data acquisition and transmission controller or transmit data to the data acquisition and transmission controller through wireless signals.
According to the optimization of the invention, the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment precise monitoring device further comprises a solar panel. The power supply of the device is carried out through the solar panel.
The application of the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment accurate monitoring device comprises the following steps:
(1) after the apple trees are pruned in winter, the telescopic upright posts are tightly attached to the trunk and fixed on the ground through a triangular fixing device;
(2) adjusting the telescopic upright posts according to the height of the pruned fruit tree, determining the number of telescopic supports according to the number, the angle and the length of main branches of the pruned fruit tree, and adjusting the angle and the length of the telescopic supports;
(3) the environment monitoring device is arranged below the telescopic support, the position of the environment monitoring device on the telescopic support can be adjusted according to the length and the left and right of the branches, the data acquisition and transmission controller is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic upright post, and the data acquisition and transmission controller is positioned below a main branch at the bottommost layer of the fruit tree and is more than 60cm away from the ground;
(4) and the solar cell panel is turned on to supply power, environment acquisition parameter setting is carried out on the environment monitoring device, and collection of micro-domain environment parameters and monitoring data in canopy layers of different tree forms and different tree body structures of the apple tree can be accurately monitored in real time.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the device provided by the invention can accurately monitor the micro-domain environmental parameters in the canopy of the apple tree in different tree forms and different tree body structures in real time, thereby providing scientific basis for selection of the high-luminous-efficiency tree form of the apple, construction of the tree body structure and simplified pruning technology.
2. The device provided by the invention can adjust the length and number of the telescopic supports and the angles between the telescopic supports and the telescopic upright posts according to different tree forms, and meanwhile, the environment monitoring device can slide left and right on the telescopic supports according to the length of branches, so that the parameters of the environment monitoring device are adjusted to adapt to apple trees growing in different environments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment accurate monitoring device of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the steel clip and the telescopic bracket of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the main tree form of the apple tree of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a telescopic upright post; 2. a telescopic bracket; 3. a triangular fixed support; 4. a data acquisition and transmission controller; 5. a soil humidity sensor; 6. a soil temperature sensor; 7. an environmental monitoring device; 8. a first wireless signal transmitter; 9. a wind direction and wind speed sensor; 10. a video monitor; 11. and (4) a steel clip.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides an accurate monitoring device for apple tree-shaped canopy micro-area environment, which includes a telescopic upright 1, wherein telescopic supports 2 are disposed on two sides of the telescopic upright 1, a data acquisition and transmission controller 4 is disposed at a lower end of the telescopic upright 1, the telescopic upright 1 is fixed on the ground through a triangular fixing support 3, and a wind measuring device is disposed at a top of the telescopic upright 1; the bottom of the telescopic upright post 1 is connected with a soil monitoring device, and an environment monitoring device 7 is arranged below the telescopic bracket 2;
the telescopic support 2 can be adjusted up and down, the angle between the telescopic support 2 and the telescopic upright post 1 can be adjusted according to the branch angle of the apple tree, and the length of the telescopic support 2 can be adjusted left and right according to the main branch length of the apple tree, so that the apple tree branch telescopic support is suitable for the shape of the apple tree. The telescopic upright column 1 and the telescopic bracket 2 are connected in a steel clip 11 mode. The installation and the disassembly are convenient, and the number of the telescopic supports 2 can be adjusted according to the number of the main branches.
The model of the data acquisition and transmission controller is MR-M8440-D; the wind measuring device is internally provided with a first wireless signal transmitter 8, a wind direction and speed sensor 9 and a video monitor 10; a second wireless signal transmitter, a soil humidity sensor 5 and a soil temperature sensor 6 are arranged in the soil monitoring device; environmental monitoring device 7 formula data acquisition box as an organic whole, its inside third wireless signal transmitter, light sensor, carbon dioxide sensor, air temperature sensor and air humidity transducer of being provided with. The accurate monitoring device for the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment is further provided with a solar cell panel. The power supply of the device is carried out through the solar panel.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 3, for the main tree shape of the existing apple tree, the present embodiment provides a method for using an accurate monitoring device for a micro-domain environment of a tree-shaped canopy of an apple tree, where the used monitoring device is the technical scheme described in embodiment 1, and the specific operation process is as follows:
(1) after the apple trees are pruned in winter (trunk lifting, head dropping, big branch thinning, retraction or branch pulling), the telescopic upright posts are tightly attached to the trunk and fixed on the ground through a triangular fixing support;
(2) adjusting the telescopic upright columns according to the height of the pruned fruit tree to be consistent with the fruit tree, determining the number of the telescopic supports according to the number, the angle and the length of main branches of the pruned fruit tree, and adjusting the angle and the length of the telescopic supports to adapt to the tree shape of the fruit tree;
(3) arranging an environment monitoring device below the telescopic bracket, and adjusting the position of the environment monitoring device on the telescopic bracket according to the length and the left and right of the branches; the data acquisition and transmission controller is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic upright post and is positioned below the main branch at the bottommost layer of the fruit tree and is 70cm away from the ground;
(4) the solar cell panel is turned on to supply power, environment acquisition parameter setting (such as acquisition interval time, data transmission time period, alarm parameter setting and the like) is carried out on the environment monitoring device, collection of micro-domain environment parameters and monitoring data in canopy layers of different tree forms and different tree body structures of the apple tree can be accurately monitored in real time, and the monitoring data can be checked through a mobile phone or a computer.
Example 3
The structure of the accurate monitoring device for the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment is as described in embodiment 1, and the structure is characterized in that the environment monitoring device is arranged at 1/5-4/5 of the outermost edge of the extension direction of a telescopic upright post 1 and each main branch, and the position of the device on a telescopic support 2 is adjusted left and right to adapt to the length of the branch.
Claims (10)
1. An accurate monitoring device for apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment is characterized by comprising a telescopic upright post, wherein telescopic supports are arranged on two sides of the telescopic upright post, a data acquisition and transmission controller is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic upright post, the telescopic upright post is fixed on the ground through a triangular fixed support, and a wind measuring device is arranged at the top of the telescopic upright post; the bottom of the telescopic upright post is connected with a soil monitoring device, and an environment monitoring device is arranged below the telescopic support.
2. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the telescoping support is an adjustable up and down, angularly adjustable telescoping support.
3. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the telescoping mast and telescoping support are connected by a steel clip.
4. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein a first wireless signal transmitter, a wind direction and speed sensor and a video monitor are arranged in the wind measuring device.
5. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein a second wireless signal transmitter, a soil moisture sensor, and a soil temperature sensor are disposed within the soil monitoring device.
6. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein a third wireless signal transmitter, a light sensor, a carbon dioxide sensor, an air temperature sensor, and an air humidity sensor are disposed within the environmental monitoring device.
7. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the environmental monitoring device is disposed at 1/5-4/5 of the telescoping mast and the most extensive of each main limb.
8. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the wind measuring device, the soil monitoring device and the environment monitoring device are all connected with the data acquisition and transmission controller or transmit data to the data acquisition and transmission controller through wireless signals.
9. The monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-area environment precise monitoring device further comprises a solar panel.
10. Use of the apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment accurate monitoring device according to any one of claims 1-9, comprising the steps of:
(1) after the apple trees are pruned in winter, the telescopic upright posts are tightly attached to the trunk and fixed on the ground through triangular fixing supports;
(2) adjusting the telescopic upright posts according to the height of the pruned fruit tree, determining the number of telescopic supports according to the number, the angle and the length of main branches of the pruned fruit tree, and adjusting the angle and the length of the telescopic supports;
(3) the environment monitoring device is arranged below the telescopic bracket, the position of the environment monitoring device on the telescopic bracket can be adjusted according to the length and the left and right of the branches, the data acquisition and transmission controller is arranged at the lower end of the telescopic upright post, and the data acquisition and transmission controller is positioned below the main branch at the bottommost layer of the fruit tree and is more than 60cm away from the ground;
(4) and the solar cell panel is turned on to supply power, environment acquisition parameter setting is carried out on the environment monitoring device, and collection of micro-domain environment parameters and monitoring data in canopy layers of different tree forms and different tree body structures of the apple tree can be accurately monitored in real time.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110289554.8A CN113155183A (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Accurate monitoring device for apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment and application thereof |
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| CN202110289554.8A CN113155183A (en) | 2021-03-18 | 2021-03-18 | Accurate monitoring device for apple tree-shaped canopy micro-domain environment and application thereof |
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2021
- 2021-03-18 CN CN202110289554.8A patent/CN113155183A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20210723 |
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