CN113154824B - Homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device and control method thereof - Google Patents
Homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113154824B CN113154824B CN202110549834.8A CN202110549834A CN113154824B CN 113154824 B CN113154824 B CN 113154824B CN 202110549834 A CN202110549834 A CN 202110549834A CN 113154824 B CN113154824 B CN 113154824B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/04—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles rotating about a horizontal or slightly-inclined axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/02—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in moving drums or other mainly-closed receptacles
- F26B11/022—Arrangements of drives, bearings, supports
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/001—Drying-air generating units, e.g. movable, independent of drying enclosure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/004—Nozzle assemblies; Air knives; Air distributors; Blow boxes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/12—Velocity of flow; Quantity of flow, e.g. by varying fan speed, by modifying cross flow area
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/02—Applications of driving mechanisms, not covered by another subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/22—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects
- F26B25/225—Controlling the drying process in dependence on liquid content of solid materials or objects by repeated or continuous weighing of the material or a sample thereof
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/06—Grains, e.g. cereals, wheat, rice, corn
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/85—Food storage or conservation, e.g. cooling or drying
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device, which comprises: a main chassis; an inner frame; two transmission shafts rotatably supported on the tops of the inner frames, respectively; a plurality of rubber rings; the transmission driving mechanism is arranged at one end of the inner frame, and the output end of the transmission driving mechanism is simultaneously linked with the transmission shaft; a drum disposed between the two transmission shafts; the air volume conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the inner frame, and one end of the air volume conveying mechanism is communicated with the roller; a heating mechanism provided in the air volume delivery mechanism; the air quantity adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the main case; the air outlet mechanism is arranged on the other side of the main case; a lifting mechanism arranged at the bottom of the inner frame; a pressure sensor. The invention overcomes the problem that the dryer heats the materials such as fruits, vegetables, rice and the like unevenly. The invention also provides a control method of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device and a control method thereof, belonging to the field of agricultural machinery.
Background
The industrialized development of fruit and vegetable processing plays an important role in promoting the development of regional characteristic agricultural economy, improving the agricultural economic benefit and increasing the income of farmers. One of the methods for processing fruits and vegetables in a fresh fruit and vegetable drying chamber reduces the moisture content of the fruits and vegetables by drying, and the obtained dried product is convenient to store and transport and is particularly suitable for special agricultural products. Currently, an important trend in food processing technology is to maximize the nutritional and physical properties of food, and the choice of drying process and equipment has a large impact on the nutritional, color, aroma, taste and shape of the dried product.
Traditional fruit vegetables drying-machine is not equipped with pressure sensor, can't obtain the quality of stoving fruit vegetables on line, also can't survey the water content of fruit vegetables to can take place the fruit vegetables always and pile up and lead to the stoving heating inhomogeneous at the stoving in-process of fruit vegetables, influence the effect and the efficiency that the fruit vegetables were dried, lead to the accuracy of experimental result to receive the influence.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs and develops a homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device, which overcomes the problem of uneven heating of materials to be dried by a dryer through the matching of a transmission driving mechanism and a lifting mechanism, and can realize the purpose of on-line weighing.
The invention also designs and develops a control method of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device, controls the starting of the heating pipe according to specific conditions in the drying process by a fuzzy control method, improves the drying efficiency, saves energy, and adjusts the inclination angle of the roller in the drying process, so that the drying is more thorough and the drying effect is better.
The technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a homogeneity on-line measuring water material drying device, includes:
a main chassis;
an inner frame disposed inside the main cabinet;
two transmission shafts rotatably supported on the top of the inner frame, respectively;
the plurality of rubber rings are respectively sleeved on the transmission shaft along the axial direction;
the transmission driving mechanism is arranged at one end of the inner frame, and the output end of the transmission driving mechanism is simultaneously connected with the two transmission shafts;
the rotary drum is arranged between the two transmission shafts, a thread structure is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum along the axial direction, and a plurality of long holes are formed in the outer wall of the rotary drum along the axial direction and the radial direction;
the air volume conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the inner frame, and one end of the air volume conveying mechanism is communicated with the roller;
a heating mechanism provided in the air volume conveying mechanism;
the air volume adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the main case and is communicated with the other end of the air volume conveying mechanism;
the air outlet mechanism is arranged on the other side of the main case;
a lifting mechanism arranged at the bottom of the inner frame;
and the pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the lifting mechanism.
Preferably, the transmission drive mechanism includes:
a driving motor supported and arranged at the lower part of the inner frame;
the driving chain wheel is connected with the output end of the driving motor;
two transmission chain wheels respectively arranged at one end of the transmission shaft;
and the chain is arranged on the driving chain wheel and the two transmission chain wheels simultaneously, and drives the driving chain wheel through the driving motor so as to drive the two transmission chain wheels to synchronously rotate.
Preferably, the main cabinet includes: the main box body and a cover which is rotationally connected with the main box body.
Preferably, the method further comprises:
and the air inlet is arranged on one side of the main box body facing to the inner frame.
Preferably, the air volume delivery mechanism includes:
the two fans are respectively communicated and arranged at one end of the air inlet;
and one end of each flexible connection is communicated with the other end of the air inlet, and the other end of each flexible connection is fixedly arranged on the inner frame and is communicated with the roller.
Preferably, the heating pipe is arranged in the air inlet.
Preferably, the air volume adjusting mechanism is disposed at the other end of the air inlet, and includes:
the air inlet door is of a circular structure, an opening is formed in one side of the air inlet door, two ends of the opening respectively extend outwards to form a first extending part and a second extending part, and a plurality of air inlets are formed in the air inlet door along the radial direction;
wherein the second extension is disposed above the first extension;
and the electric push rod is supported and arranged at the bottom of the main box body, and the output end of the electric push rod penetrates through the first extension part and is connected with the first extension part.
Preferably, the width of the long hole is 2mm, and no spiral structure is arranged in 50mm of one side of the roller close to the transmission driving mechanism.
A control method of a homogeneous online water measuring material device is used, and comprises the following steps:
weighing a material to be dried, putting the material into a roller, setting a drying temperature T and a roller rotating speed v, acquiring actual working temperature and humidity through a sensor, and starting a driving motor and a fan;
when the actual temperature is higher than or equal to the set temperature, starting the first heating pipe, and starting the electric push rod to enlarge the opening of the air volume adjusting mechanism;
when the actual temperature in the device is lower than the preset temperature, the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe work simultaneously, and the electric push rod is not moved;
after drying, weighing and calculating the water content;
wherein, the inclination angle of cylinder is adjusted at the stoving in-process, makes the stirring of rice more even, the empirical formula of the accommodate coefficient of the inclination angle of cylinder is:
wherein r is the rotating speed of the driving motor,
for the set rotating speed of the driving motor, h is the vertical distance between one end of the driving motor and the top of the inner frame, and l is the length of the roller.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
according to a sampling period, acquiring an actual drying temperature T, a fan rotating speed v and a driving motor rotating speed r through a sensor, and inputting the parameters into a fuzzy controller, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the actual drying temperature T and the set drying temperature
Comparing to obtain a drying temperature deviation signal, and comparing the fan rotating speed v with the set fan rotating speed>
Comparing to obtain a fan rotating speed deviation signal, and comparing the rotating speed r of the driving motor with the set rotating speed->
Comparing to obtain a rotating speed deviation signal of the driving motor;
calculating the drying temperature deviation signal to obtain a drying temperature deviation change rate signal e 1 Calculating the fan deviation signal to obtain a fan deviation change rate signal e 2 Calculating the rotation speed of the driving motor to obtain the motor rotation speed deviation changeRate signal e 3 ；
The drying deviation change rate signal e 1 Fan deviation change rate signal e 2 And a driving motor rotation speed deviation change rate signal e 3 Amplifying the signals and inputting the amplified signals into a fuzzy controller, and outputting the starting grade of a heating pipe, wherein I = [ I ] 0 ,I 1 ,I 2 ]Wherein, I 0 To start the first heating tube, I 1 For both heating pipes to be started, but operation I can be continued 2 If not, all the switches are started.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the homogeneous online water measuring material drying device provided by the invention is provided with the air inlet, the fan, the heating pipe A, the heating pipe B, the flexible connection and the air outlet, provides hot air for materials to be dried such as fruits, vegetables and rice in a drying process, improves the drying efficiency of the materials to be dried such as fruits, vegetables and rice, avoids waist explosion of the rice in the drying process by controlling the temperature in the box, and can control the circulation speed of air on the surface of the rice by arranging the air volume adjusting device, thereby controlling the drying speed and drying temperature of the rice and improving the drying efficiency and effect of the rice.
2. The homogeneous online water measuring material drying device provided by the invention is provided with the roller, the screw and the inclination angle, so that the fruit, vegetable and rice materials to be dried are stirred more uniformly after being placed in the roller, the elongated holes are arranged to increase the contact area of the rice and air, the accumulation phenomenon of the materials to be dried is effectively avoided, the drying of the materials to be dried is more efficient and uniform, the drying effect is better, the lifting mechanism is arranged to enable the roller to rotate on the basis of a certain inclination angle, so that the materials to be dried are stirred more uniformly, the online weighing of the materials to be dried can be completed by arranging the pressure sensor, the water content of the materials to be dried is obtained through related calculation, and the drying efficiency and the experimental accuracy are improved.
3. The control method of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device provided by the invention controls the starting of the heating pipe according to specific conditions in the drying process through the fuzzy control method, improves the drying efficiency, saves energy, and adjusts the inclination angle of the roller in the drying process, so that the drying is more thorough, and the drying effect is better
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an internal front view of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission part of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the drum according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a block diagram of a control system according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a flow chart of the control system of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a weighing flow chart according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
As shown in fig. 1-8, the invention provides a homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device, which comprises a main box body 1, a cover 2, an air outlet mechanism 3, an air volume adjusting device 6, a lifting mechanism 7, an inner frame 10, a transmission shaft 12, a rubber ring 13, a roller 14, a long hole 142, a transmission system 15, a motor 16, a pressure sensor 17, a fan 19, an air inlet 20, a flexible connection 21, a heating pipe a22, a heating pipe B34 and an electric push rod 24.
As shown in fig. 1, a moving mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the main chassis, an inner frame is disposed inside the main chassis, two transmission shafts 12 are rotatably supported at the top of the inner frame and are driven by a transmission driving mechanism disposed at one end of the inner frame, a plurality of rubber rings 13 are disposed on the transmission shafts 12 along an axial direction, a roller 14 is disposed between the two transmission shafts 12, a plurality of long holes are disposed on the roller 14 along an axial direction and a radial direction, an air volume delivery mechanism is disposed at one side of the inner frame, one end of the air volume delivery mechanism is fixed on the inner frame and is communicated with the roller, an air volume adjusting mechanism 6 is disposed at one side of the main chassis and is communicated with the other end of the air volume delivery mechanism, a heating mechanism is disposed inside the air volume delivery mechanism, an air outlet mechanism 3 is disposed at the other side of the main chassis, an elevating mechanism is disposed at the bottom of the inner frame, and a pressure sensor is disposed at the bottom of the elevating mechanism. When materials such as fruits, vegetables and rice are placed in the roller 14, hot air is supplied to the materials in the roller from bottom to top through the air quantity conveying mechanism, the air quantity is adjusted through the air quantity adjusting mechanism, the hot air dries the materials through the surface of the materials and then blows out the materials from the air outlet mechanism 4, circulation of air is achieved, drying efficiency is improved, and controllability of the whole drying process of the materials is stronger.
As shown in fig. 1 and 3, the main cabinet includes: the device comprises a main box body 1 and a cover 2, wherein the cover 2 is rotatably connected to the top of the main box body 1 to seal the main box body; the internal frame 10 sets up the inside at the main tank body 1, air regulation mechanism 6 sets up the one side at the main tank body 1, air-out mechanism 3 sets up the opposite side at the main tank body, access door 4 sets up the one end at the main tank body, electric cabinet 5 sets up the one side at the main tank body 1, and be located air regulation mechanism 6's top, in the bottom of the one end of internal frame 10, be provided with elevating system 7, simultaneously in elevating system 7's bottom, be provided with pressure sensor 17, pressure sensor rotates with the internal frame through hinge 18 and is connected, in the inside of main tank body 1, still be provided with temperature and humidity sensor 25, in the bottom of main tank body 1, be provided with moving mechanism 9, moving mechanism 9 includes four truckles, four truckles set up the four corners at the main tank body 1 respectively.
As shown in fig. 2, the inner frame 10 is disposed inside the main cabinet 1, two transmission shafts 12 are disposed at the top of the inner frame 10, both ends of each transmission shaft 12 are rotatably supported at the top of the inner frame through bearing seats 11, a plurality of annular rubber rings 13 are disposed on the transmission shafts 12 in the axial direction, the drum 14 is disposed between the two transmission shafts, a screw thread 141 structure is disposed on the inner wall of the drum 14 in the circumferential direction, a plurality of long holes 142 are disposed on the outer wall of the drum 14 in the axial direction and the radial direction, the width of the long hole 142 is 2mm, and a screw thread 141 structure is not disposed at one end of the drum 14 within a distance of 50 mm. Because the drum 14 has an inclination angle during the operation, the material to be dried is carried to the high position by the spiral 141 during the rotation process, and slides from the high position to the low position by gravity after reaching the end of the spiral, so that the material to be dried is stirred more uniformly by the reciprocating circulation. Meanwhile, the pressure sensor 17 can realize online weighing of the materials to be dried in the drum 14, and further can realize online monitoring of the water content of the materials to be dried.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, at the top of the inner frame 10, at both ends of the drum 14, there are provided limit wheels 23, and the limit wheels 23 are on an extension line of the center line of the drum. Be provided with transmission actuating mechanism 15 in the one end of two transmission shafts, transmission actuating mechanism sets up the one end of inner frame, and transmission actuating mechanism 15 includes: the driving motor 16 is supported and arranged on a lower cross beam of the inner frame 10, the output end of the driving motor 16 is connected with the driving sprocket 151, the two driven sprockets 152 are respectively arranged at one end of the two transmission shafts 12 and are connected with the two driven sprockets 152 and the driving sprocket 151 through the chain 153, and the tension wheel 154 is used for positioning and limiting the chain 153.
On one side of the inner frame 10, an air volume delivery mechanism is provided, which includes: the air inlet 20 is arranged on one side of the main box body 1 facing to the inner frame, one end, facing to the inner frame 10, of the air inlet 20 is communicated with the flexible connection 21, one end, facing to the main box body 1, of the air inlet 20 is communicated with the air inlet 21, the other end of the air inlet 20 is communicated with the inner frame and is communicated with the roller 14, the fan 19 is arranged on an opening of the air inlet 20, the heating pipe A22 and the heating pipe B34 are respectively arranged in the middle of the air inlet 20, the air inlet adjusting mechanism comprises an air inlet door 6 and an electric push rod 24, the air outlet door is of a circular structure, one end of the air outlet door is provided with an opening, two ends of the opening respectively extend outwards to form a first extending portion and a second extending portion, meanwhile, a plurality of air outlets are arranged on the air inlet door 6 in the radial direction, the second extending portion is arranged above the first extending portion, the electric push rod 24 is supported and arranged on the side face of one side of the main box body 1, the output end of the electric push rod 24 penetrates through the first extending portion to be connected with the second extending portion, and the electric push rod 24 is used for adjusting the quantity of the air inlet door 6. Wherein, the main box body 1, the cover 2, the air outlet mechanism 3 and the air inlet 20 form a closed space, and air can only enter from the air inlet 20 and exit from the air outlet mechanism 3.
The invention also provides a control method of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device, which comprises the following steps:
weighing the materials to be dried, putting the materials into a roller, and setting the drying temperature
And the drum speed->
Acquiring actual working temperature and humidity through a sensor, and starting a driving motor and a fan;
when the actual temperature is higher than or equal to the set temperature, starting the first heating pipe, and starting the electric push rod to enlarge the opening of the air volume adjusting mechanism;
when the actual temperature in the device is lower than the preset temperature, the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe work simultaneously, and the electric push rod is not moved;
after drying, weighing and calculating the water content;
wherein, the inclination angle of cylinder is adjusted at the stoving in-process, makes the stirring of rice more even, the empirical formula of the accommodate coefficient of the inclination angle of cylinder is:
wherein r is the rotating speed of the driving motor,
for the set rotating speed of the driving motor, h is the vertical distance between one end of the driving motor and the top of the inner frame, and l is the length of the roller.
The actual drying temperature T and the set drying temperature
Comparing to obtain a drying temperature deviation signal, and comparing the fan rotating speed v with the set fan rotating speed>
Comparing to obtain a fan rotating speed deviation signal, and comparing the rotating speed r of the driving motor with the set rotating speed>
Comparing to obtain a rotating speed deviation signal of the driving motor;
calculating the drying temperature deviation signal to obtain a drying temperature deviation change rate signal e 1 Calculating the fan deviation signal to obtain a fan deviation change rate signal e 2 Calculating the rotation speed of the driving motor to obtain a motor rotation speed deviation change rate signal e 3 ；
The drying deviation change rate signal e 1 Fan deviation change rate signal e 2 And a driving motor rotation speed deviation change rate signal e 3 Amplifying the signals, inputting the amplified signals into a fuzzy controller, and outputting a heating pipe starting grade, wherein I = [ I = [ [ I ] 0 ,I 1 ,I 2 ]Wherein, I 0 To start the first heating tube, I 1 For both heating pipes, but operation I can be continued 2 If not, all the devices are started.
Wherein e is 1 、e 2 、e 3 The actual ranges of variation of (a) are: [ -1,1]、[-1，1]、[-1，1]，e 1 、e 2 、e 3 The discrete domains of discourse of (A) are: { -6, -5, -4, -3, -2, -1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6}, the discrete domain of argument of I is: {0,1,2,3}, the quantization factors are all set to 0.464.
The drying deviation change rate signal e 1 There are 7 fuzzy states: PB (positive large), PM (positive middle), PS (positive small), ZR (zero), NS (negative small), NM (negative middle) and NB (negative large), and a drying deviation change rate signal e is obtained by combining experience 1 As shown in table 1:
in the present invention, it is preferable to use a triangular membership function
TABLE 1
| e 1 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +6 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.8 | 1.0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.1 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NM | 0.3 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NS | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The fan deviation signal e 2 There are 7 fuzzy states: PB (positive large), PM (positive middle), PS (positive small), ZR (zero), NS (negative small), NM (negative middle) and NB (negative large), and a fan deviation change rate signal e is obtained by combining experience 2 As shown in table 2, is as follows:
TABLE 2
| e 2 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +6 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.1 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0 | 0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NM | 0.2 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NS | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The change rate signal e of the motor speed deviation is obtained 3 There are 3 fuzzy states: PB (positive large), ZR (zero), NS (negative small), combining experience to obtain the change rate signal e of the motor speed deviation 3 As shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
| e 3 | -6 | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | +1 | +2 | +3 | +4 | +5 | +6 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 |
| |
0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| NS | 1.0 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
The fuzzy reasoning process needs to execute complex matrix operation, the calculated amount is very large, the on-line reasoning is difficult to meet the real-time requirement of a control system, the fuzzy reasoning method is adopted for fuzzy reasoning operation, the fuzzy reasoning decision adopts a three-input single-output mode to summarize the preliminary regulation rule of the fuzzy controller through experience, the fuzzy controller defuzzifies the output signal according to the obtained fuzzy value to obtain I and a fuzzy control query table, and as the domain of discourse is discrete, the fuzzy control rule can be expressed as a fuzzy matrix and is fuzzified by a single point to obtain the I control rule which is shown in a table 4:
TABLE 4 fuzzy control rules Table
As shown in fig. 6, a programmable controller PLC26 is disposed in the electric cabinet 5, the programmable controller PLC26 is directly connected to the touch screen 27 through an RS485 interface, and displays and sets a temperature value in real time during a temperature control process, the temperature and humidity sensor 25 is connected to the programmable controller PLC26 through a temperature and humidity transmitter 28, the pressure sensor 17 is connected to the programmable controller PLC26 through a pressure transmitter 29, the programmable controller PLC26 obtains a corresponding weight value through calculation processing and then obtains a water content of rice to be displayed on the touch screen, the motor 16 is connected to the programmable controller PLC26 through a frequency converter 30, the programmable controller PLC26 inputs an analog frequency command to the frequency converter to achieve continuous adjustment of a motor speed, the heating pipe a22 and the heating pipe B34 are connected to the programmable controller PLC26 through an intermediate relay 31, the electric push rod 24 is connected to the programmable controller PLC26 through a frequency converter 32, and the fan 19 is connected to the programmable controller PLC26 through a motor driver 33.
As shown in fig. 7 to 8, the working principle is as follows: the cover 2 is opened, the roller 14 is taken down, the roller 14 is put back on the transmission shaft 12 after materials to be dried are put in, the preset drying temperature T and the rotating speed v of the roller 14 are input on the touch screen 27 after the system is started, then the temperature and humidity sensor 25 reads the actual temperature Ts and humidity, then the programmable controller PLC26 controls the motor 16 and the fan 19 to start working, if the actual temperature Ts in the device is more than or equal to the preset temperature T, the heating pipe A22 starts working, then the electric push rod 24 works to adjust the air volume adjusting device 6 to enlarge the opening of the air volume adjusting device, if the actual temperature Ts in the device is less than the preset temperature T, the heating pipe A22 and the heating pipe B34 work simultaneously and the electric push rod 24 does not work, then the reciprocating circulation is carried out until the drying is finished, when weighing operation is required, the programmable logic controller PLC26 firstly closes the heating pipe A22 and the heating pipe B34 and then closes the motor 16 and the fan 19 through control, finally, the pressure sensor 17 works to measure the weight of the material to be dried on line and detect the moisture of the material to be dried, the roller 14 rotates along with the rotation of the transmission shaft 12, the inclination angle of the spiral 141 and the roller 14 enables the stirring of rice to be more uniform in the rotation process, the contact area of the material to be dried and air is increased, the inclination angle of the roller 14 is adjusted through the lifting mechanism 7, the stirring of the material to be dried is enabled to be more uniform, heating is enabled to be more uniform, the pressure sensor 17 can detect the change of the quality of the material to be dried in the roller 14 on line, further, the water content information of the material to be dried is obtained, the cover 2 is opened after drying is finished, and the material after drying can be obtained by taking out the roller 14.
In the present invention, it is preferable that the material to be dried is rice.
In another embodiment, the material to be dried is fruit and vegetable.
According to the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device provided by the invention, the drum 14 and the lifting mechanism 7 are arranged, so that the materials to be dried can be stirred and heated more uniformly in the drying process, the fan 19, the heating pipe A22, the heating pipe B34, the air quantity adjusting device 6 and the air inlet 20 are arranged to control the drying speed of the materials to be dried, so that the drying efficiency is higher, the pressure sensor 17 is arranged to effectively solve the defect that the traditional drying machine cannot be used for on-line weighing, the control systems such as the programmable logic controller PLC26 are arranged to realize the automation of the material drying and the moisture detection process, and meanwhile, the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device can be used by moving through the trundles 9.
While embodiments of the invention have been described above, it is not limited to the applications set forth in the description and the embodiments, which are fully applicable in various fields of endeavor to which the invention pertains, and further modifications may readily be made by those skilled in the art, it being understood that the invention is not limited to the details shown and described herein without departing from the general concept defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (3)
1. A control method of a homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device is characterized in that the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device comprises the following steps:
a main chassis;
an inner frame disposed inside the main cabinet;
two transmission shafts rotatably supported on the tops of the inner frames, respectively;
the rubber rings are sleeved on the transmission shaft along the axial direction respectively;
the transmission driving mechanism is arranged at one end of the inner frame, and the output end of the transmission driving mechanism is simultaneously connected with the two transmission shafts;
the rotary drum is arranged between the two transmission shafts, a thread structure is arranged on the inner wall of the rotary drum along the axial direction, and a plurality of long holes are formed in the outer wall of the rotary drum along the axial direction and the radial direction;
the air volume conveying mechanism is arranged on one side of the inner frame, and one end of the air volume conveying mechanism is communicated with the roller;
the heating mechanism is arranged in the air volume conveying mechanism and comprises a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe;
the air volume adjusting mechanism is arranged on one side of the main case and communicated with the other end of the air volume conveying mechanism;
the air outlet mechanism is arranged on the other side of the main case;
a lifting mechanism arranged at the bottom of the inner frame;
the pressure sensor is arranged at the bottom of the lifting mechanism;
the transmission drive mechanism includes:
a driving motor supported at a lower portion of the inner frame;
the driving chain wheel is connected with the output end of the driving motor;
two transmission chain wheels respectively arranged at one end of the transmission shaft;
the chain is arranged on the driving chain wheel and the two transmission chain wheels simultaneously, and the driving chain wheel is driven by the driving motor so as to drive the two transmission chain wheels to rotate synchronously;
the main chassis includes: the main box body and a cover which is rotationally connected with the main box body;
the air inlet is arranged on one side of the main box body facing to the inner frame;
the air volume conveying mechanism comprises:
the two fans are respectively communicated and arranged at one end of the air inlet;
one end of each flexible connection is communicated with the other end of the air inlet, and the other end of each flexible connection is fixedly arranged on the inner frame and is communicated with the roller;
the air volume adjusting mechanism is arranged at the other end of the air inlet and comprises:
the air inlet door is of a circular structure, an opening is formed in one side of the air inlet door, two ends of the opening respectively extend outwards to form a first extending part and a second extending part, and a plurality of air outlets are formed in the air inlet door along the radial direction;
wherein the second extension is disposed above the first extension;
the electric push rod is supported and arranged at the bottom of the main box body, and the output end of the electric push rod penetrates through the first extension part and is connected with the second extension part;
the control method of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device uses the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device and comprises the following steps:
weighing the materials to be dried, putting the materials into a roller, and setting the drying temperature
Acquiring actual working temperature and humidity through a sensor, and starting a driving motor and a fan;
when the actual temperature is higher than or equal to the set temperature, starting the first heating pipe, and starting the electric push rod to enlarge the opening of the air volume adjusting mechanism;
when the actual temperature in the device is lower than the set temperature, the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe work simultaneously, and the electric push rod is not moved;
after drying, weighing and calculating the water content;
the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe are arranged in the middle of the air inlet;
the inclination angle of the roller is adjusted in the drying process, so that the rice is stirred more uniformly, and the empirical formula of the adjustment coefficient of the inclination angle of the roller is as follows:
wherein r is the rotating speed of the driving motor,
h is the vertical distance between one end of the roller and the top of the inner frame, l is the length of the roller, v is the rotating speed of the fan,
is the set fan speed.
2. The control method of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device according to claim 1, wherein the width of the long hole is 2mm, and no spiral structure is arranged in 50mm of one side of the roller close to the transmission driving mechanism.
3. The control method of the homogeneous on-line water measuring material drying device according to claim 2, further comprising:
according to the sampling period, the actual drying temperature T, the rotating speed v of the fan and the rotating speed r of the driving motor are obtained through the sensors, and the parameters are input into the fuzzy controller, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
the actual drying temperature T and the set drying temperature
Comparing to obtain a drying temperature deviation signal, and comparing the fan rotating speed v with the set fan rotating speed
Comparing to obtain the rotating speed deviation of the fanSignal to adjust the rotation speed r of the driving motor to the set rotation speed
Comparing to obtain a rotating speed deviation signal of the driving motor;
calculating the drying temperature deviation signal to obtain a drying temperature deviation change rate signal e 1 Calculating the fan rotating speed deviation signal to obtain a fan rotating speed deviation change rate signal e 2 Calculating the rotating speed deviation signal of the driving motor to obtain a rotating speed deviation change rate signal e of the driving motor 3 ；
The drying temperature deviation change rate signal e 1 Fan speed deviation change rate signal e 2 And a driving motor rotation speed deviation change rate signal e 3 Amplifying the signals, inputting the amplified signals into a fuzzy controller, and outputting a heating pipe starting grade, wherein I = [ I = [ [ I ] 0 ,I 1 ,I 2 ]Wherein, I 0 To start the first heating tube, I 1 For both heating tubes to be started, but to be able to continue to run, I 2 Both heating pipes are not started.
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| CN103808394B (en) * | 2014-02-17 | 2016-01-20 | 长春吉大科学仪器设备有限公司 | A kind of check weighing structure and the crop dryer comprising this structure of crop dryer |
| WO2017023169A2 (en) * | 2015-08-05 | 2017-02-09 | Etekin B.V. | Manure processing apparatus for the processing of poultry manure to a fertilizer |
| CN108489223A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-09-04 | 梧州学院 | A kind of rice drying machine |
| CN211717049U (en) * | 2019-10-22 | 2020-10-20 | 南陵县红宝种业有限公司 | Drying device of seed |
| CN211953628U (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-11-17 | 江苏日新印染机械有限公司 | Compact oven |
| CN214792295U (en) * | 2021-05-20 | 2021-11-19 | 佳木斯大学 | Homogeneity surveys water material drying device on line |
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