CN113152706A - 超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板及其施工方法 - Google Patents

超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板及其施工方法 Download PDF

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CN113152706A
CN113152706A CN202110445218.8A CN202110445218A CN113152706A CN 113152706 A CN113152706 A CN 113152706A CN 202110445218 A CN202110445218 A CN 202110445218A CN 113152706 A CN113152706 A CN 113152706A
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aerated concrete
wall panel
ultra
external wall
energy consumption
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葛召深
路国忠
尹志芳
田启明
向以川
李勇
褚红国
蒋泽佳
吴缰
张子英
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Tangshan Jidong Development Yandong Construction Co ltd
Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research
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Tangshan Jidong Development Yandong Construction Co ltd
Beijing Building Materials Academy of Sciences Research
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板及其施工方法，涉及建筑外墙结构领域。施工方法包括以下步骤：一：安装加气混凝土板，加气混凝土墙板作为主受力结构安装，加气混凝土板所有缝隙采用粘接剂密封后再采用防水隔气膜和防水透气膜进行密封；二：室内安装发泡陶瓷混凝土板；三：室外粘贴岩棉，并挂网抹灰对岩棉进行防护。本发明通过增加室内发泡陶瓷保温板减少室外岩棉厚度，增加超低能耗建筑外围护系统安全度，发泡陶瓷保温板在室内可有效降低噪音，降低施工费用。

Description

超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板及其施工方法
技术领域
本发明涉及建筑外墙施工技术领域，尤其涉及一种超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板及其施工方法。
背景技术
超低能耗建筑保温防火外墙板主要应用于人员密集型建筑，防火要求达到A级，该类建筑一般采用砌块或墙板作为受力结构，在外侧粘贴岩棉保温，形成保温防火结构体系，如图1所示。超低能耗建筑在寒冷地区外墙保温传热系数要求控制在0.2W/㎡K，采用以上体系后，存在以下缺陷：（1）岩棉厚度需达到250-350mm，施工难度极高，对岩棉以及辅助材料均有特殊要求；（2）岩棉过厚，在施工及今后使用过程中均容易引发脱落、塌陷等安全问题。
目前国内考虑岩棉系统的安全问题，超低能耗建筑一般在使用幕墙系统时采用岩棉保温，使岩棉处于相对扰动较小的环境中。在薄抹灰外墙保温系统中大面积推广仍面临困难。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板及其施工方法，降低岩棉保温厚度，提高系统安全度。
为实现此技术目的，本发明采用如下方案：超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，按如下步骤进行：
步骤一：安装加气混凝土墙板，使加气混凝土墙板与主体结构连接安全；
步骤二：加气混凝土板之间的板缝以及加气混凝土板与结构梁板柱之间的缝隙采用填充物填充并密封，在加气混凝土板的板缝两侧面抹抹面砂浆，抹面砂浆干燥后，室内的抹面砂浆表面粘结防水隔气膜，室外的抹面砂浆粘结防水透气膜；
步骤三：在加气混凝土墙板的外表面粘贴岩棉，并在岩棉外表面抹抹面砂浆并挂耐碱玻纤网格布，网格布外侧再抹一层抹面砂浆；
步骤四：在加气混凝土墙板的内表面粘贴发泡陶瓷保温板，发泡陶瓷保温板外侧涂抹抹面砂浆并挂耐碱玻纤网格布，网格布外侧再抹一层抹面砂浆找平后刮腻子。
与现有技术相比，本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的超低能耗建筑用保温防火墙板的施工方法，具有保温效果的加气混凝土板作为墙板，在保证结构安全的前提下，降低了岩棉厚度，采用发泡陶瓷板，降低了室内噪音，优化室内环境。本发明的施工方法还具有操作简单, 易学易用的优点。
本发明的优选方案为：
步骤二中填充物为PE棒或聚氨酯发泡胶，密封采用密封结构胶。
步骤二中加气混凝土板板缝两侧的抹面砂浆宽度≥100mm。
发泡陶瓷保温板替换为发泡玻璃板、发泡混凝土板或发泡水泥板中的任意一种。
发泡陶瓷保温板为带釉面发泡陶瓷保温板，省去步骤四中发泡陶瓷保温板外侧涂抹抹面砂浆并挂耐碱玻纤网格布，网格布外侧再抹一层抹面砂浆找平刮腻子的部分。
加气混凝土板替换为加气混凝土块、保温砌块、发泡陶瓷板、木丝水泥板或轻钢保温墙体中的任意一种。
步骤三和步骤四同时进行或将步骤三和步骤四调换顺序。
一种上述施工方法得到的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板。
附图说明
图1为现有技术的超低能耗建筑用保温防火墙板示意图；
图2为本发明实施例提供的超低能耗建筑用保温防火墙板的混凝土层结构示意图；
图3为本发明实施例提供的超低能耗建筑用保温防火墙板的结构示意图；
图中标记为：1、加气混凝土板；2、粘接砂浆；3、填充物；4、结构密封胶；5、抹面砂浆；6、防水隔气膜；7、防水透气膜；8、岩棉；9、网格布；10、发泡陶瓷保温板；11、真空绝热板。
具体实施方式
为充分了解本发明之目的、特征及功效，借由下述具体的实施方式，对本发明做详细说明，但本发明并不仅仅限于此。
本发明提供的一种超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，按如下步骤进行：
步骤一：安装加气混凝土墙板，使墙板与主体结构连接安全。
步骤二：加气混凝土板1之间的板缝以及加气混凝土板1与结构梁板柱之间的缝隙采用填充物3填充并密封，在加气混凝土板1的板缝两侧抹抹面砂浆5，抹面砂浆5宽度≥100mm。抹面砂浆5干燥后，室内的抹面砂浆5外表面粘结防水隔气膜6，室外的抹面砂浆5粘结防水透气膜7，如图2所示。填充物3为PE棒或聚氨酯发泡胶，填充物3的两端用结构密封胶4进行密封；当板缝过大时，采用聚氨酯发泡胶填充缝隙。
步骤三：加气混凝土墙板的外表面粘贴岩棉8，将岩棉8的一侧面涂抹粘接砂浆2，并粘贴于加气混凝土墙板上，岩棉8外侧面涂抹抹面砂浆5并压入网格布9，网格布9外侧再抹一道抹面砂浆5。
步骤四：加气混凝土墙板的内表面粘贴发泡陶瓷保温板10，将发泡陶瓷保温板10一侧面涂抹粘接砂浆2并粘贴于加气混凝土墙板上，发泡陶瓷保温板10的外侧面涂抹抹面砂浆5并压入网格布9，网格布9外侧再抹一道抹面砂浆5，抹面砂浆5找平后刮腻子，如图3所示。当采用带釉面发泡陶瓷保温板时，省去后续的抹面砂浆5挂网格布9及刮腻子的步骤。所用的网格布9为耐碱玻纤网格布。
进一步地，步骤三和步骤四顺序可以更换也可以同时进行。
步骤二和步骤四可以在工厂预制成为整体后按照步骤二施工。
步骤一、步骤二、步骤三和步骤四可以在工厂预制成为整体后按照步骤二施工。
发泡陶瓷保温板10替换为发泡玻璃板、发泡混凝土板、发泡水泥板中的任意一种。
加气混凝土板1替换为加气混凝土块、普通保温砌块、发泡陶瓷板、木丝水泥板、轻钢保温墙体中的任意一种。
加气混凝土板1上下可设置连接件，连接件与梁板连接。在建筑物梁柱位置采用真空绝热板11与岩棉8或发泡陶瓷保温板10复合组作为保温层。
本发明采用具有保温效果的加气混凝土板1作为墙板，加气混凝土板1的厚度在250~300mm，岩棉8厚度为100mm，增加100mm厚发泡陶瓷保温板10，相对于现有技术200mm加气混凝土板1粘贴250mm岩棉层的做法，增加超低能耗建筑外围护系统安全度，在保证结构安全的前提下，降低了岩棉厚度，采用发泡陶瓷板，降低室内噪音，优化室内环境，降低施工费用。
最后，需要注意的是：以上列举的仅是本发明的优选实施例，当然本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行改动和变型，倘若这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求及其等同技术的范围之内，均应认为是本发明的保护范围。

Claims (8)

1.一种超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，其特征在于，按如下步骤进行：
步骤一：安装加气混凝土墙板，使加气混凝土墙板与主体结构连接安全；
步骤二：加气混凝土板之间的板缝以及加气混凝土板与结构梁板柱之间的缝隙采用填充物填充并密封，在加气混凝土板的板缝两侧面抹抹面砂浆，抹面砂浆干燥后，室内的抹面砂浆表面粘结防水隔气膜，室外的抹面砂浆粘结防水透气膜；
步骤三：在加气混凝土墙板的外表面粘贴岩棉，并在岩棉外表面抹抹面砂浆并挂耐碱玻纤网格布，网格布外侧再抹一层抹面砂浆；
步骤四：在加气混凝土墙板的内表面粘贴发泡陶瓷保温板，发泡陶瓷保温板外侧涂抹抹面砂浆并挂耐碱玻纤网格布，网格布外侧再抹一层抹面砂浆找平后刮腻子。
2.根据权利要求1所述的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，其特征在于，步骤二中填充物为PE棒或聚氨酯发泡胶，密封采用密封结构胶。
3.根据权利要求1所述的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，其特征在于，步骤二中加气混凝土板板缝两侧的抹面砂浆宽度≥100mm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，其特征在于，发泡陶瓷保温板替换为发泡玻璃板、发泡混凝土板或发泡水泥板中的任意一种。
5.根据权利要求1所述的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，其特征在于，发泡陶瓷保温板为带釉面发泡陶瓷保温板，省去步骤四中发泡陶瓷保温板外侧涂抹抹面砂浆并挂耐碱玻纤网格布，网格布外侧再抹一层抹面砂浆找平刮腻子的部分。
6.根据权利要求1所述的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，其特征在于，加气混凝土板替换为加气混凝土块、保温砌块、发泡陶瓷板、木丝水泥板或轻钢保温墙体中的任意一种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法，其特征在于，步骤三和步骤四同时进行或将步骤三和步骤四调换顺序。
8.一种权利要求1-7任一项所述的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板的施工方法得到的超低能耗建筑用保温防火外墙板。
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