CN113151746A - 一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋及生产工艺 - Google Patents
一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋及生产工艺 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910008455 Si—Ca Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ULGYAEQHFNJYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N [AlH3].[Ca] Chemical compound [AlH3].[Ca] ULGYAEQHFNJYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910001294 Reinforcing steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 229910000914 Mn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910011212 Ti—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910011208 Ti—N Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanylidynevanadium Chemical compound [V]#N SKKMWRVAJNPLFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/16—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling wire rods, bars, merchant bars, rounds wire or material of like small cross-section
- B21B1/163—Rolling or cold-forming of concrete reinforcement bars or wire ; Rolls therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
- B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋及生产工艺,属于混凝土用热轧钢筋生产技术领域。技术方案是:钢的化学成分质量分数为:C:0.19‑0.24%,Mn:0.90‑1.10%,S≤0.015%,P≤0.030%,Tieff:0.05‑0.08%,N≤0.0060%,AlS≥0.01%,Ca/Al:0.09‑0.12%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其中:Tieff=Titot‑3.4N,Tieff为钢中有效Ti含量,Titot为钢中Ti含量。本发明采用Ti微合金化,结合冶炼技术和工艺的改进,利用Ti的析出强化提高钢的强度,替代V、Nb等贵重元素,同时降低Si、Mn合金用量,降低生产成本。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋及生产工艺,属于混凝土用热轧钢筋生产技术领域。
背景技术
HRB400E热轧钢筋多采用V、Nb微合金化工艺生产,随着用量的增加,一度导致合金价格大幅飙升,生产成本剧增。相对而言,Ti-Fe合金成本低,板带产品中的应用显示Ti微合金化的特性,以及降低了生产成本的潜力,Ti微合金化工艺在热轧钢筋中的应用,引起了开发人员关注。
专利CN 110951953A公开了一种HRB500E钢筋钒氮微合金化工艺,其Ti含量为≤0.08%,由于其含有0.004-0.015%N,而Ti与N的结合能力强,将先与N结合形成TiN,由于TiN的析出温度高,尺度为微米级,起不到强化的作用,同时由于Ti消耗了N,减少了与V结合的N含量,削弱了V的强化效果。
专利CN111041369A公开的一种Nb-Ti-N微合金化热轧带肋钢筋及其生产方法,其Ti含量的范围为0.005-0.015%,N含量范围为0.0060-0.0090%,与专利CN 110951953A一样,多数Ti以TiN的形式存在,起不到强化的作用。
专利CN110042303B-一种400MPa级细晶粒热轧钢筋及其生产工艺,其Ti含量为0.005~0.03%,其技术原理是通过氧化物冶金细化奥氏体晶粒,氧化物冶金主要用于抑制焊接热影响区的晶粒粗化,同时生产工艺复杂,难于在钢筋生产中应用。
专利CN110846568A公开的一种400MPa级直条钢筋及其生产方法,其成分中Ti含量为0.01-0.03%,由于其含Ti量较低,Ti的强化作用有限,同时由于同时含有V元素,Ti消耗N降低V的强化效果,整体降低了微合金元素的强化效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋及生产工艺,利用Ti的析出强化提高钢的强度,替代V、Nb等贵重元素,同时降低Si、Mn合金用量,降低生产成本,解决背景技术中存在的问题。
本发明的技术方案是:
一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋,钢的化学成分质量分数为:C:0.19-0.24%,Mn:0.90-1.10%,S≤0.015%,P≤0.030%,Tieff:0.05-0.08%,N≤0.0060%,AlS≥0.01%,Ca/Al:0.09-0.12%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其中:Tieff=Titot-3.4N,Tieff为钢中有效Ti含量,Titot为钢中Ti含量。
一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋的生产工艺,包含转炉冶炼、LF炉精炼、连铸和轧制,钢的化学成分质量分数为:C:0.19-0.24%,Mn:0.90-1.10%,S≤0.015%,P≤0.030%,Tieff:0.05-0.08%,N≤0.0060%,AlS≥0.01%,Ca/Al:0.09-0.12%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其中:Tieff=Titot-3.4N,Tieff为钢中有效Ti含量, Titot为钢中Ti含量,按照以下工艺进行控制:
(1)转炉冶炼:转炉终点成分质量百分比:C≥0.06%,P≤0.020%,S≤0.020%,出钢至1/4-1/3,加入高碳锰铁、铝脱氧;
(2)LF炉精炼、连铸:LF加铝线脱氧,酸溶铝控制在0.01-0.03%,喂钙线,钙铝比控制在0.09-0.12%,软吹5-8分钟;
(3)轧制:铸坯加热温度1150-1200℃,保温时间20-80分钟;铸坯开轧温度1060-1150℃,终止温度980-1130℃;轧后穿水冷却,钢筋返红温度850-900℃,冷床上650-600℃温度范围的冷却速度小于1℃/每秒。
所述步骤(2)LF炉精炼、连铸:使用Al粉、Si-Ca合金造还原渣。
本发明的有益效果是:该工艺采用Ti微合金化,结合冶炼技术和轧制冷却工艺的改进,利用Ti的析出强化提高钢的强度,替代V、Nb等贵重元素,同时降低Si、Mn合金用量,降低生产成本。
具体实施方式
以下通过实例对本发明作进一步说明。
一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋,钢的化学成分质量分数为:C:0.19-0.24%,Mn:0.90-1.10%,S≤0.015%,P≤0.030%,Tieff:0.05-0.08%,N≤0.0060%,AlS≥0.01%,Ca/Al:0.09-0.12%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其中:Tieff=Titot-3.4N,Tieff为钢中有效Ti含量,Titot为钢中Ti含量。
在本实施例中,一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋,其化学成分质量百分比见表1。
表1化学成分
具体工艺控制如下:
实施例1:
步骤1:转炉冶炼
终点成分:C:0.11%,P:0.015%,S:0.015%;
步骤2:LF精炼及连铸
LF工序使用Al粉、Si-Ca合金造还原渣,渣中FeO+MnO:1.5%,软吹6分钟;使用专用保护渣,拉速2.0m/min,过程增氮<3ppm;
步骤3:轧制:
热铸坯加热温度1180℃,保温时间30分钟;
铸坯开轧温度1075℃,终轧温度1050℃,钢筋直径36mm;
钢筋穿水后返红温度870℃,冷床上钢筋温度从650℃降至600℃温度需要的时间为61秒;
钢筋的力学性能见表2。
实施例2:
步骤1:转炉冶炼
终点成分:C:0.15%,P:0.017%,S:0.013%
步骤2:LF精炼及连铸
LF工序使用Al粉、Si-Ca合金造还原渣,渣中FeO+MnO:1.3%,软吹7分钟;使用专用保护渣,拉速2.6m/min,过程增氮<3ppm;
步骤3:轧制
铸坯加热温度1200℃,保温时间40分钟;
开轧温度1130℃,终轧温度1080℃,钢筋直径20mm;
钢筋穿水后返红温度880℃,冷床上钢筋温度从650℃降至600℃温度需要的时间为59秒;
钢筋的力学性能见表2。
实施例3:
步骤1:转炉冶炼
终点成分:C:0.09%,P:0.022%,S:0.018%;
步骤2:LF精炼及连铸
LF工序使用Al粉、Si-Ca合金造还原渣,渣中FeO+MnO:0.9%,软吹8分钟;使用专用保护渣,拉速2.5m/min,过程增氮<3ppm;
步骤3:轧制
铸坯加热温度1160℃,保温时间35分钟;
开轧温度1070℃,终轧温度1030℃,钢筋直径12mm;
钢筋穿水后返红温度850℃,冷床上钢筋温度从650℃降至600℃温度需要的时间为53秒;
钢筋的力学性能见表2。
表2.力学性能
Claims (3)
1.一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋,其特征在于:钢的化学成分质量分数为:C:0.19-0.24%,Mn:0.90-1.10%,S≤0.015%,P≤0.030%,Tieff:0.05-0.08%,N≤0.0060%,AlS≥0.01%,Ca/Al:0.09-0.12%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其中:Tieff=Titot-3.4N,Tieff为钢中有效Ti含量, Titot为钢中Ti含量。
2.一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋的生产工艺,包含转炉冶炼、LF炉精炼、连铸和轧制,其特征在于:钢的化学成分质量分数为:C:0.19-0.24%,Mn:0.90-1.10%,S≤0.015%,P≤0.030%,Tieff:0.05-0.08%,N≤0.0060%,AlS≥0.01%,Ca/Al:0.09-0.12%,其余为Fe和不可避免的杂质,其中:Tieff=Titot-3.4N,Tieff为钢中有效Ti含量, Titot为钢中Ti含量,按照以下工艺进行控制:
(1)转炉冶炼:转炉终点成分质量百分比:C≥0.06%,P≤0.020%,S≤0.020%,出钢至1/4-1/3,加入高碳锰铁、铝脱氧;
(2)LF炉精炼、连铸:LF加铝线脱氧,酸溶铝控制在0.01-0.03%,喂钙线,钙铝比控制在0.09-0.12%,软吹5-8分钟;
(3)轧制:铸坯加热温度1150-1200℃,保温时间20-80分钟;铸坯开轧温度1060-1150℃,终止温度980-1130℃;轧后穿水冷却,钢筋返红温度850-900℃,冷床上650-600℃温度范围的冷却速度小于1℃/每秒。
3.根据权利要求2所述一种Ti微合金化HRB400钢筋的生产工艺,其特征在于:所述步骤(2)LF炉精炼、连铸:使用Al粉、Si-Ca合金造还原渣。
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杨医博 等: "《土木工程材料 第2版》", 31 December 2016 * |
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