CN113150880A - 一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂 - Google Patents
一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，所述清洗剂是由如下组分按重量百分比配制而成：正丁醇5％‑8％、液体石蜡5％‑8％、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯3％‑5％、碳酸氢钠5％‑10％、分散剂0.1％‑1％、氢氧化钠2％‑4％、氯化钠0.1％‑0.5％、薄荷油0.1％‑0.5％、螯合剂0.01％‑0.05％，余量为去离子水。与现有的技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：本发明的清洗剂及清洗方法针对芴酮废水蒸发器内部有机污垢除垢效率高、清洗速度快，不腐蚀设备，没有脱锌和过洗现象出现。使用安全、废液无污染、安全环保，操作简单。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于清洗剂领域，尤其涉及一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂。
背景技术
芴酮废水主要成分为芴酮、双酚芴、芳烃类有机溶剂和大量无机盐(Na2SO4)，具有COD高(10000-30000mg/L)、粘度大(1.3mPa·s)等特点，部分高沸点、低密度的非极性溶剂上在水相表面聚集，形成O/W型乳浊液。在芴酮制备、提纯、离心清洗过程中均使用去离子水，因此该废水中几乎不含有钙镁离子。
各类蒸发结晶系统的基本原理是将料液中部分溶剂汽化移除，从而提高溶液浓度(即溶液浓缩过程)溶质结晶析出并分离出体系。当芴酮废水进入到蒸发器中，料液性质导致蒸发系统内部会存在由有机溶剂造成的重、稠有机物类垢，电化学和硫酸盐还原菌造成的材料腐蚀等问题。因此热法蒸发系统需要定时清洗，以保证设备最大使用效率。
目前市场常见的清洗剂均以除垢剂为基础开发研制的，针对碳酸盐沉积结垢的酸性清洗剂，对芴酮废水蒸发器中酸性有机物类垢几乎没有去除作用。CN111117808A提供了一种蒸发器用清洗剂及其制备方法。以十二烷基聚氧乙烯醚硫酸钠、聚醚型改性聚硅氧烷、十六烷基二甲基氯化铵按重量份数为(1-5)：(2-6)：(0.1-1.2)组成表面活性剂对芴酮废水蒸发器中重、稠有机物类垢乳化效果不佳，并且大多数阳离子表面活性剂存在毒性，危害操作人员健康，不利于废水后续处理；CN111205934A提供了一种适用于垃圾渗滤液蒸发器除垢的清洗剂及其制备方法。该清洗剂呈酸性，针对垢样坚硬，不易溶解碳酸垢、硫酸垢和金属离子效果良好，但不适用于酸性有机物类垢的芴酮废水蒸发器；CN111023890A提供了一种焦化脱硫脱氰废液多效蒸发器清洗剂，该清洗剂成分中含有高浓度氢氟酸，制备过程危险较大。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，提供高效可靠的芴酮废水预处理方法。该清洗剂适用于芴酮废水蒸发器内部有机物类重、稠垢清洗，清洗剂低毒，不燃不爆；清洗废液有机物含量较低，清洗废水量较少，废水呈中性；操作简单，环保无毒。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案实现：
一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，所述清洗剂是由如下组分按重量百分比配制而成：正丁醇5％-8％、液体石蜡5％-8％、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯3％-5％、碳酸氢钠5％-10％、分散剂0.1％-1％、氢氧化钠2％-4％、氯化钠0.1％-0.5％、薄荷油0.1％-0.5％、螯合剂0.01％-0.05％，余量为去离子水。
所述分散剂为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚、油酸二乙醇酰胺中的一种或几种。
所述螯合剂为EDTA-2Na、EDTA-4Na、EDTA-2K、氨基三乙酸中的一种或几种。
一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂的使用方法，包括如下步骤：
1)将相当于蒸发器容量1/20-1/30的清洗剂与19/20-29/30体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中；清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20-30℃，控制水泵流速为0.3-0.5m3/h，循环清洗4-6小时后静止45-60分钟后排出；
2)用清水冲洗蒸发系统；
3)将相当于蒸发器容量1/200-1/300的清洗剂与199/200-299/300体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中；清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20-30℃，控制水泵流速为1-2m3/h，循环清洗2-3小时后静止45-60分钟后排出；
4)用清水冲洗蒸发系统，至出水无杂质。
与现有的技术相比，本发明的有益效果是：
1)在正丁醇的作用下，失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯能与其他成分进一步互溶，提高溶液稳定性。并且失水山梨醇单硬脂酸本身可作为整理剂，同时也具有消泡作用，减轻清洗剂表面活性，同时也对金属有一定防锈功能。针对芴酮废水蒸发器中酸性有机物类垢效果显著，为处理同类污垢的清洗剂及清洗方式提供参考。
2)操作简单，清洗费用低，清洗速度快。不需要拆卸蒸发器部件，实现在线清洗，不腐蚀金属设备，清洗周期大幅延长；不需要单独设置清洗池，节省投资和占地；
3)低泡低残留易漂洗，过水容易，易漂洗残留少；
4)适用性广，可适用于多种金属材质；
5)安全性能高、环境友好。低毒易降解，无味无挥发，清洗废液pH＝6-8，有机物含量低，可直接进入下游污水处理单元。
本发明的清洗剂及清洗方法针对芴酮废水蒸发器内部有机污垢除垢效率高、清洗速度快，不腐蚀设备，没有脱锌和过洗现象出现。使用安全、废液无污染、安全环保，操作简单。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明方案做进一步详细描述，下述说明仅是为了解释本发明，并不对其内容进行限定。下述实施例中所使用的试验方法如无特殊说明，均为常规方法，下述实施例中所使用的材料、试剂等，如无特殊说明，均可从商业途径得到。
【实施例1】
一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，清洗剂是由如下组分按重量百分比配制而成：5％正丁醇、5％液体石蜡、3.6％失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、8.3％碳酸氢钠、0.4％分散剂、2.2％氢氧化钠、0.3％氯化钠、0.1％薄荷油、0.012％螯合剂，余量为去离子水。
其中：分散剂选用亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚，质量比为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠：异构醇聚氧乙烯醚＝1:1；螯合剂选用EDTA-4Na、氨基三乙酸，质量比EDTA-4Na：氨基三乙酸＝3:2。
清洗方法为：
1)将相当于蒸发器容量1/20的清洗剂与19/20体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中。清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20℃，控制水泵流速为0.3m3/h，循环清洗4小时后静止45分钟后排出。
2)用清水冲洗蒸发系统。
3)将相当于蒸发器容量1/200的清洗剂与199/200体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中。清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20℃，控制水泵流速为1m3/h，循环清洗2小时后静止45分钟后排出。
4)用清水冲洗蒸发系统，至出水无杂质。
【实施例2】
一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，清洗剂是由如下组分按重量百分比配制而成：6％正丁醇、5％液体石蜡、4.2％失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、8％碳酸氢钠、0.6％分散剂、3.8％氢氧化钠、0.2％氯化钠、0.2％薄荷油、0.03％螯合剂，余量为去离子水。
其中：分散剂选用亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、油酸二乙醇酰胺，质量比为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠：油酸二乙醇酰胺＝1:1；螯合剂选用EDTA-2K、氨基三乙酸，质量比为EDTA-2K：氨基三乙酸＝5:3。
清洗方法为：
1)将相当于蒸发器容量1/30的清洗剂与29/30体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中。清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20℃，控制水泵流速为0.4m3/h，循环清洗5小时后静止50分钟后排出。
2)用清水冲洗蒸发系统。
3)将相当于蒸发器容量1/200的清洗剂与199/200体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中。清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在25℃，控制水泵流速为1m3/h，循环清洗2小时后静止50分钟后排出。
4)用清水冲洗蒸发系统，至出水无杂质。
【实施例3】
一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，清洗剂是由如下组分按重量百分比配制而成：8％正丁醇、8％液体石蜡、5％失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯、6％碳酸氢钠、0.2％分散剂、2％氢氧化钠、0.4％氯化钠、0.5％薄荷油、0.05％螯合剂，余量为去离子水。
其中：分散剂选用亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚、油酸二乙醇酰胺，质量比为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠：异构醇聚氧乙烯醚：油酸二乙醇酰胺＝1:1:1；螯合剂选用EDTA-4Na、氨基三乙酸，质量比为EDTA-4Na：氨基三乙酸＝3:2。
清洗方法为：
1)将相当于蒸发器容量1/20的清洗剂与19/20体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中。清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20-30℃，控制水泵流速为0.5m3/h，循环清洗6小时后静止60分钟后排出。
2)用清水冲洗蒸发系统。
3)将相当于蒸发器容量1/300的清洗剂与299/300体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中。清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20-30℃，控制水泵流速为1-2m3/h，循环清洗3小时后静止60分钟后排出。
4)用清水冲洗蒸发系统，至出水无杂质。
根据工业设备化学清洗质量标准(HG/T 2387-2007)要求：
除垢率N及清洗率B指标可用视觉清洁法(开车前装置的清洗可不考虑除垢率，但洗净率应不小于95％，若用数点法确定洗净率时，100cm2的被清洗面上直径为5mm～10mm的残留垢点三次取样平均应不多于1个或5mm以下的残留垢点三次取样平均应不多于3个)进行检验，运行中的设备结垢后化学清洗的除垢率和洗净率分别达到85％和80％。
腐蚀率通过金属腐蚀试片应符合冷却水化学处理标准腐蚀试片技术条件(HG/T3523-2008)的规定，处理方法如下：首先将试片用320#水砂纸在平面玻璃板上前后方向打磨，并仔细磨去棱边的小毛刺，然后用丙酮浸泡去掉油污(注意擦洗试片挂孔内污物)，用纱布擦干后放入无水乙醇中浸泡1～2分钟，取出后热风吹干放入干燥器中，1小时后将试片称重备用。使用精度为分析天平(称量精确度为±0.0001)分别进行称重，称得重量为W1；在计算表面积时，用游标卡尺测量其长、宽、厚度，以此计算表面积，测得表面积为S；使用时,将试片置于清洗系统的指定位置，待清洗结束后立即取出用清水淋洗，用滤纸吸去水分，放入无水乙醇中浸泡1～2分钟，取出后快速吹干放入干燥器中，1小时后用分析天平称重，称得重量为W2。不锈钢类腐蚀率K不超过2g/(m2·h)。实施例清洗效果见表1。
表1 实施例1-3的清洗效果评价表
本发明的清洗剂及清洗方法可使蒸发器除垢率达到89％以上，清洗率达到88％以上，每个清洗周期对金属的腐蚀程度不超过5.1×10-2g/(m2·h)。以上实施例中失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯逐级增加，与其他成分相互配合，在提高除垢率、清洗率的同时降低腐蚀率。
以上所述，仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内，根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (4)
1.一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，其特征在于，所述清洗剂是由如下组分按重量百分比配制而成：正丁醇5％-8％、液体石蜡5％-8％、失水山梨醇单硬脂酸酯3％-5％、碳酸氢钠5％-10％、分散剂0.1％-1％、氢氧化钠2％-4％、氯化钠0.1％-0.5％、薄荷油0.1％-0.5％、螯合剂0.01％-0.05％，余量为去离子水。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，其特征在于，所述分散剂为亚甲基双萘磺酸钠、异构醇聚氧乙烯醚、油酸二乙醇酰胺中的一种或几种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂，其特征在于，所述螯合剂为EDTA-2Na、EDTA-4Na、EDTA-2K、氨基三乙酸中的一种或几种。
4.一种如权利要求1-3其中任意一项所述的适用于芴酮废水蒸发器的在线清洗剂的使用方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
1)将相当于蒸发器容量1/20-1/30的清洗剂与19/20-29/30体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中；清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20-30℃，控制水泵流速为0.3-0.5m3/h，循环清洗4-6小时后静止45-60分钟后排出；
2)用清水冲洗蒸发系统；
3)将相当于蒸发器容量1/200-1/300的清洗剂与199/200-299/300体积的清水充分混合，置于连接进料泵的PE材质的清洗剂槽中；清空系统料液后打开进料泵，控制水温在20-30℃，控制水泵流速为1-2m3/h，循环清洗2-3小时后静止45-60分钟后排出；
4)用清水冲洗蒸发系统，至出水无杂质。
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