CN113150179A - Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide extraction and preparation technology - Google Patents
Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide extraction and preparation technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tremella aurantialba polysaccharide extraction preparation process, which comprises the following raw materials and reagents: the preparation method comprises the following steps of: (1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting good-quality tremella aurantialba sporocarp, removing impurities, drying the tremella aurantialba sporocarp to constant weight, cooling to room temperature, crushing, and sieving with a 100-mesh and 140-mesh sieve to obtain tremella aurantialba powder; (2) degreasing golden fungus powder: adding petroleum ether into Tremella Aurantialba powder at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, defatting at 45-60 deg.C, centrifuging the solution at 6000r/min for 15min, and drying the precipitate at 60-80 deg.C to obtain defatted Tremella Aurantialba powder. The extraction method of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide provided by the invention is simple to operate, the extraction rate of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide is improved by adopting an extraction method combining an enzymolysis method and an ultrasonic method, and the biological activity of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide is higher; the extraction process uses less organic reagents, and the prepared tremella aurantialba polysaccharide product has high safety.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tremella aurantialba processing, in particular to a tremella aurantialba polysaccharide extraction and preparation process.
Background
Tremella aurantialba (Tremella aurantialba), belonging to the genus Tremella, the order Tremellales, the family Tremellaceae, the class Heterobasidiomycetes, is also called golden Tremella, also called human brain, also called Tremella, and Tremella flava, is a precious edible and medicinal fungus, and is a unique strain in our country. The tremella aurantialba is rich in fat, protein, trace elements such as phosphorus, sulfur, manganese, iron and the like, contains 18 amino acids, and has very high nutritional value. The traditional Chinese medicine believes that the tremella aurantialba has the effects of reducing phlegm, relieving cough, relieving asthma, regulating qi and calming liver-yang.
Researches show that the edible fungi and the polysaccharide thereof can simultaneously prevent and treat various human diseases, and a large number of research reports on the health care effects of the edible fungi polysaccharide are reported, wherein the health care effects are produced in a large quantity, and are related to bioactive compounds of the edible fungi, including the polysaccharide. The active polysaccharide shows potential pharmacological actions such as resisting obesity, diabetes, cancer, microbe and virus. Their related antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activities have been explored at the adipocyte level, rodent level and human level. The mechanism of action of polysaccharides also includes an effect on the gut microbiota, which can act as prebiotics in the digestive system. The Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide has effects of regulating immunity, resisting radiation, resisting ulcer and inflammation, and can reduce blood sugar and blood lipid of organism. At present, the types of tremella aurantialba processing products in the market are few, the development of the tremella aurantialba industry is slow, and the research and development of related products of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide can increase the additional value of tremella aurantialba and promote the development of the tremella aurantialba industry. The polysaccharide extraction method mainly comprises a water extraction and alcohol precipitation method, an acid-base extraction method, an enzyme method, an ultrasonic method, a microwave method, a supercritical fluid extraction method and the like, but the extraction rate is low and the biological activity of the polysaccharide is difficult to maintain.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a golden fungus polysaccharide extraction preparation process, overcomes the defects of the existing extraction method, improves the extraction rate of golden fungus polysaccharide, reduces lipid in golden fungus polysaccharide, and improves the purity of golden fungus polysaccharide.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a preparation process for extracting tremella aurantialba polysaccharide comprises the following raw materials and reagents: the preparation method comprises the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting good-quality tremella aurantialba sporocarp, removing impurities, drying the tremella aurantialba sporocarp to constant weight, cooling to room temperature, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 100-mesh and 140-mesh sieve after crushing to obtain tremella aurantialba powder;
(2) degreasing golden fungus powder: adding petroleum ether into Tremella Aurantialba powder at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, defatting at 45-60 deg.C, centrifuging the solution at 6000r/min for 15min, and drying the precipitate at 60-80 deg.C to obtain defatted Tremella Aurantialba powder;
(3) ultrasonic extraction: weighing a certain mass of degreased tremella aurantialba powder, and mixing the degreased tremella aurantialba powder and the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 60 adding distilled water to prepare a solution, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment;
(4) enzymolysis extraction: adding cellulose pectin complex enzyme into the solution after ultrasonic treatment, and then carrying out enzymolysis extraction;
(5) alcohol precipitation of an extracting solution: after extraction, centrifuging the extracting solution at 6000r/min for 15min, taking supernatant, concentrating the supernatant, adding 4 times volume of 95% ethanol solution, refrigerating at 4 ℃, and standing for 11-13 h;
(6) washing and drying: centrifuging the solution after standing at 6000r/min for 15min to obtain precipitate, washing the precipitate with acetone, and drying to obtain the crude Tremella Aurantialba polysaccharide.
Further, the drying temperature of the golden fungus sporocarp is 55-75 ℃.
Further, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 500W, the temperature of the ultrasonic treatment is 50 ℃, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 20 min.
Further, the ratio of cellulase to pectinase in the cellulose pectin compound enzyme is 1:1, the temperature for enzymolysis extraction is 40-50 ℃, and the time is 30-60 min.
Further, the concentration mode is vacuum rotary evaporation, the vacuum degree is 0.04MPa, the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the solution is concentrated to 1/3 of the original volume.
Further, the drying mode of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide precipitate is vacuum freeze drying.
After the method is adopted, the invention has the following advantages:
the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide belongs to polar macromolecular substances, and impurities such as lipid exist in the extraction process to influence the purity of the polysaccharide, so that the invention removes the lipid in the tremella aurantialba in the extraction process of the polysaccharide, and the purity of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide is higher; factors such as high temperature and organic reagent in the traditional extraction method have great influence on the bioactivity of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide, the extraction method combining the enzymolysis method and the ultrasonic method is adopted, the quality of the extract is improved under mild enzyme treatment conditions, energy is saved, the environment is protected, the influence of external factors on the bioactivity is reduced, and the extraction rate of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide is higher; the safety of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide product is improved due to the reduction of the dosage of the organic reagent; the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide is dried in a vacuum freeze drying mode, so that the influence of high-temperature drying on the structural components and the activity of the polysaccharide is avoided, and the water content of the product is lower; the extraction method of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide provided by the invention is simple to operate, and reagents and instruments are common and easy to obtain, so that the method is suitable for industrial production; the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide is used for food processing, has health care effects of regulating immunity, resisting radiation, resisting ulcer, resisting inflammation and the like, provides a new health care product variety, promotes the development of the tremella aurantialba deep processing industry, and creates economic benefits for people.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example one
A preparation process for extracting tremella aurantialba polysaccharide comprises the following raw materials and reagents: the preparation method comprises the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting good-quality tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies, removing impurities, putting the tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, drying at 55 ℃ to constant weight, cooling to room temperature, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 100-mesh sieve to obtain tremella aurantialba powder;
(2) degreasing golden fungus powder: adding petroleum ether into Tremella Aurantialba powder at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, defatting at 45 deg.C, centrifuging the solution at 6000r/min for 15min, and drying the precipitate at 60 deg.C to obtain defatted Tremella Aurantialba powder;
(3) ultrasonic extraction: weighing a certain mass of degreased tremella aurantialba powder, and mixing the degreased tremella aurantialba powder and the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 60 adding distilled water to prepare a solution, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment, wherein the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 500W, the temperature of the ultrasonic treatment is 50 ℃, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 20 min;
(4) enzymolysis extraction: adding cellulose pectin complex enzyme into the solution after ultrasonic treatment, and performing enzymolysis extraction at 40 deg.C for 60min, wherein the ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 1: 1;
(5) alcohol precipitation of an extracting solution: after extraction, centrifuging the extracting solution at 6000r/min for 15min, taking supernatant, performing vacuum rotary evaporation on the supernatant, concentrating the solution to 1/3 of the original volume at the vacuum degree of 0.04MPa and the temperature of 65 ℃, adding a 95% ethanol solution with the volume 4 times that of the original volume, and refrigerating and standing at 4 ℃ for 11 h;
(6) washing and drying: centrifuging the solution after standing at 6000r/min for 15min to obtain precipitate, washing the precipitate with acetone, and freeze-drying under vacuum to obtain crude Tremella Aurantialba polysaccharide.
Example two
A preparation process for extracting tremella aurantialba polysaccharide comprises the following raw materials and reagents: the preparation method comprises the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting good-quality tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies, removing impurities, putting the tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, drying at 75 ℃ to constant weight, cooling to room temperature, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 140-mesh sieve to obtain tremella aurantialba powder;
(2) degreasing golden fungus powder: adding petroleum ether into Tremella Aurantialba powder at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, defatting at 60 deg.C, centrifuging the solution at 6000r/min for 15min, and drying the precipitate at 80 deg.C to obtain defatted Tremella Aurantialba powder;
(3) ultrasonic extraction: weighing a certain mass of degreased tremella aurantialba powder, and mixing the degreased tremella aurantialba powder and the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 60 adding distilled water to prepare a solution, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment, wherein the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 500W, the temperature of the ultrasonic treatment is 50 ℃, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 40 min;
(4) enzymolysis extraction: adding cellulose pectin complex enzyme into the solution after ultrasonic treatment, and performing enzymolysis extraction at 50 deg.C for 30min, wherein the ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 1: 1;
(5) alcohol precipitation of an extracting solution: after extraction, centrifuging the extracting solution at 6000r/min for 15min, taking supernatant, carrying out vacuum rotary evaporation on the supernatant, concentrating the solution to 1/3 of the original volume at the vacuum degree of 0.04MPa and the temperature of 80 ℃, adding a 95% ethanol solution with the volume 4 times that of the original volume, and refrigerating and standing at 4 ℃ for 13 h;
(6) washing and drying: centrifuging the solution after standing at 6000r/min for 15min to obtain precipitate, washing the precipitate with acetone, and freeze-drying under vacuum to obtain crude Tremella Aurantialba polysaccharide.
EXAMPLE III
A preparation process for extracting tremella aurantialba polysaccharide comprises the following raw materials and reagents: the preparation method comprises the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting good-quality tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies, removing impurities, putting the tremella aurantialba fruiting bodies into a constant-temperature air-blast drying oven, drying at 60 ℃ to constant weight, cooling to room temperature, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 120-mesh sieve to obtain tremella aurantialba powder;
(2) degreasing golden fungus powder: adding petroleum ether into Tremella Aurantialba powder at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, defatting at 50 deg.C, centrifuging the solution at 6000r/min for 15min, and drying the precipitate at 70 deg.C to obtain defatted Tremella Aurantialba powder;
(3) ultrasonic extraction: weighing a certain mass of degreased tremella aurantialba powder, and mixing the degreased tremella aurantialba powder and the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 60 adding distilled water to prepare a solution, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment, wherein the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 500W, the temperature of the ultrasonic treatment is 50 ℃, and the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 30 min;
(4) enzymolysis extraction: adding cellulose pectin complex enzyme into the solution after ultrasonic treatment, and performing enzymolysis extraction at 45 deg.C for 40min, wherein the ratio of cellulase to pectinase is 1: 1;
(5) alcohol precipitation of an extracting solution: after extraction, centrifuging the extracting solution at 6000r/min for 15min, taking supernatant, carrying out vacuum rotary evaporation on the supernatant, concentrating the solution to 1/3 of the original volume at 70 ℃ under the vacuum degree of 0.04MPa, adding a 95% ethanol solution with 4 times of the volume after concentration, and refrigerating and standing at 4 ℃ for 12 h;
(6) washing and drying: centrifuging the solution after standing at 6000r/min for 15min to obtain precipitate, washing the precipitate with acetone, and freeze-drying under vacuum to obtain crude Tremella Aurantialba polysaccharide.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The extraction and preparation process of the tremella aurantialba polysaccharide is characterized by comprising the following raw materials and reagents: the preparation method comprises the following steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting good-quality tremella aurantialba sporocarp, removing impurities, drying the tremella aurantialba sporocarp to constant weight, cooling to room temperature, crushing by using a crusher, and sieving by using a 100-mesh and 140-mesh sieve after crushing to obtain tremella aurantialba powder;
(2) degreasing golden fungus powder: adding petroleum ether into Tremella Aurantialba powder at a solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:5, defatting at 45-60 deg.C, centrifuging the solution at 6000r/min for 15min, and drying the precipitate at 60-80 deg.C to obtain defatted Tremella Aurantialba powder;
(3) ultrasonic extraction: weighing a certain mass of degreased tremella aurantialba powder, and mixing the degreased tremella aurantialba powder and the liquid-solid ratio of 1: 60 adding distilled water to prepare a solution, and then carrying out ultrasonic treatment;
(4) enzymolysis extraction: adding cellulose pectin complex enzyme into the solution after ultrasonic treatment, and then carrying out enzymolysis extraction;
(5) alcohol precipitation of an extracting solution: after extraction, centrifuging the extracting solution at 6000r/min for 15min, taking supernatant, concentrating the supernatant, adding 4 times volume of 95% ethanol solution, refrigerating at 4 ℃, and standing for 11-13 h;
(6) washing and drying: centrifuging the solution after standing at 6000r/min for 15min to obtain precipitate, washing the precipitate with acetone, and drying to obtain the crude Tremella Aurantialba polysaccharide.
2. The extraction and preparation process of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying temperature of the tremella aurantialba fruiting body is 55-75 ℃.
3. The extraction and preparation process of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the power of ultrasonic treatment is 500W, the temperature of ultrasonic treatment is 50 ℃, and the time of ultrasonic treatment is 20-40 min.
4. The extraction and preparation process of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of cellulase to pectinase in the cellulose pectin complex enzyme is 1:1, the temperature of enzymolysis extraction is 40-50 ℃, and the time is 30-60 min.
5. The extraction and preparation process of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide according to claim 1, wherein the concentration is performed by vacuum rotary evaporation, the vacuum degree is 0.04MPa, the temperature is 60-80 ℃, and the solution is concentrated to 1/3 of the original volume.
6. The extraction and preparation process of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drying method of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide precipitate is vacuum freeze drying.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN115746158A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 中国药科大学 | Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116649577A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-29 | 临沂欣宇辉生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing anti-aging nutrition by extracting natural tremella aurantialba polysaccharide |
| CN116970665A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-10-31 | 凡可生物技术(广州)有限公司 | Extraction method and application of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide fermented by tremella aurantialba |
| CN118207267A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-06-18 | 凡可生物技术(广州)有限公司 | Process for preparing tremella aurantialba polysaccharide by enzymolysis method and application thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115746158A (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2023-03-07 | 中国药科大学 | Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN115746158B (en) * | 2022-11-29 | 2024-04-26 | 中国药科大学 | Tremella aurantialba polysaccharide and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116649577A (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-29 | 临沂欣宇辉生物科技有限公司 | Method for preparing anti-aging nutrition by extracting natural tremella aurantialba polysaccharide |
| CN116970665A (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-10-31 | 凡可生物技术(广州)有限公司 | Extraction method and application of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide fermented by tremella aurantialba |
| CN116970665B (en) * | 2023-09-22 | 2023-12-19 | 凡可生物技术(广州)有限公司 | Extraction method and application of tremella aurantialba polysaccharide fermented by tremella aurantialba |
| CN118207267A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-06-18 | 凡可生物技术(广州)有限公司 | Process for preparing tremella aurantialba polysaccharide by enzymolysis method and application thereof |
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