CN113146881A - Polymer powder spheroidizing device and method for preparing spherical powder material - Google Patents
Polymer powder spheroidizing device and method for preparing spherical powder material Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113146881A CN113146881A CN202110633422.2A CN202110633422A CN113146881A CN 113146881 A CN113146881 A CN 113146881A CN 202110633422 A CN202110633422 A CN 202110633422A CN 113146881 A CN113146881 A CN 113146881A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- reactor
- powder
- matched
- pipe
- polymer powder
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B9/00—Making granules
- B29B9/10—Making granules by moulding the material, i.e. treating it in the molten state
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a polymer powder spheroidizing device and a method for preparing a spherical powder material, wherein the polymer powder spheroidizing device comprises a feeding unit, a heating unit and a discharging unit which are matched; the feeding unit comprises a feed hopper and an ejector; the heating unit comprises a reactor; a heating device communicated with the upper end of the reactor through a hot air pipe; the discharging unit is configured to adopt a cyclone receiving device; the feeding end of the feeding pipe vertically extends into the reactor from the upper end of the reactor; the cyclone material receiving device is communicated with the inside of the reactor cavity body through a material discharging pipe vertically extending from the lower end of the reactor. Compared with the traditional powder spheroidizing system, the invention adopts the horizontal forced air supply jet technology of the jet device, so that the cavity entry speed reaches 20m/s, the fast cooling and fast heating can be realized, the productivity can reach 8-15kg/h, the energy is saved, the efficiency is high, and the problem of easy blockage of the traditional wet method is effectively solved by adopting dry feeding.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a polymer powder spheroidizing device used under a 3D printing condition and a method for preparing a spherical powder material, and belongs to the technical field of 3D printing.
Background
3D printing, which is one of the rapid prototyping technologies, is also called additive manufacturing, which is a technology for constructing an object by using a bondable material such as powdered metal or plastic based on a digital model file and by printing layer by layer. The technology has applications in jewelry, footwear, industrial design, construction, engineering and construction (AEC), automotive, aerospace, dental and medical industries, education, geographic information systems, civil engineering, firearms, and other fields
Selective Laser Sintering (SLS) technology is an important 3D printing technology, which is an advanced manufacturing method based on the discrete/stacking principle that has been rapidly developed in recent years. The SLS technology utilizes the thermal action of laser to selectively melt and superpose powder materials layer by layer according to a CAD model to form a final product. Compared with the traditional processing method, the SLS processing has the technical advantages that free forming and integral manufacturing are mainly adopted, the SLS processing can be used for producing parts with any complex structures, and customized production of the complex parts is realized.
The raw materials of SLS processing are powder materials which mainly comprise metal, ceramic, high polymer materials and the like. Compared with other materials, the high polymer material has small density and low cost, is easy to modify, process and post-treat, can meet individual requirements under different use conditions, and is the SLS forming material with the most extensive application. The SLS processing technology based on powder forming has higher requirements for polymer materials, such as a wider sintering window, a suitable particle size and particle size distribution, a narrower melting enthalpy, and the like. Wherein, the fluidity of the polymer powder material is the key premise for smooth printing.
The conventional powder preparation method is mainly a mechanical crushing method, but the powder particles prepared by the method have irregular geometric shapes, and have certain mechanical occlusion, friction, bridging and other effects in the flowing process, so that the high polymer powder directly prepared by the method cannot meet the SLS processing requirement. While the other method, namely the solvent precipitation method, can obtain high polymer powder with high sphericity and good fluidity, the method is accompanied with a large amount of solvent consumption, and has high requirements on experimental conditions such as pressure, temperature and the like. Therefore, the exploration of an environment-friendly, efficient, economic, reliable and simple-operation method for preparing the high-molecular powder is urgent, and the method has important practical significance for expanding the material application range of the SLS technology and popularizing and applying the SLS.
In the prior art, in order to overcome the above problems, corresponding technologies are also proposed to solve, for example, the following patent application numbers: 201810336021.9, the patent names: the air flow sphericizing reactor mainly comprises a powder material conveying system, a reactor body, a condensing system and a cyclone separator component which are connected in sequence, wherein the powder material conveying system outputs air flow carrying solid powder materials to the reactor body, the solid powder materials are heated and melted in the reactor body, the molten materials are changed into balls in the air flow under the action of surface tension, then the balls are output along with the air flow, and the balls are input into the cyclone separator component for gas-solid separation after being solidified and formed in the condensing system, so that the high-efficiency, low-cost, clean and environment-friendly batch production of the powder materials for selective laser sintering is realized. The reactor has the disadvantages that the reactor has a complex structure, needs to be matched with an air heater for two-stage heating, needs to be externally provided with an independent condensing device, and simultaneously has a complex structure of a material receiving device because the powder raw material is conveyed upwards, is not beneficial to the integration of equipment space, has low processing speed and only 3-8kg/h of capacity, and cannot meet the requirement of industrial production.
Disclosure of Invention
An object of the present invention is to solve at least the above problems and/or disadvantages and to provide at least the advantages described hereinafter.
To achieve these objects and other advantages and in accordance with the purpose of the invention, a polymer powder spheroidizing apparatus is provided, which comprises a feeding unit, a heating unit, and a discharging unit;
the feed unit is configured to include:
a feed hopper which is arranged longitudinally, and a discharge hole of the feed hopper is provided with an ejector which enables the material to be output horizontally;
the feeding pipe is matched with the output direction of the ejector;
the heating unit is configured to include:
a reactor arranged longitudinally;
a heating device communicated with the upper end of the reactor through a hot air pipe;
the discharging unit is configured to adopt a cyclone receiving device;
wherein the feed end of the feed pipe extends vertically from the upper end of the reactor to communicate with the interior of the reactor cavity;
the air outlet end of the hot air pipe is arranged above the feed end;
the cyclone material receiving device is communicated with the inside of the reactor cavity body through a material discharging pipe vertically extending from the lower end of the reactor.
Preferably, an air seal for controlling the discharge flow is arranged below the feed hopper, and is configured to include:
the rotating shaft is matched with the discharge port of the feed hopper, and a plurality of radial limiting plates are axially arranged outside the rotating shaft so as to construct a plurality of discharge chutes outside the rotating shaft through the adjacent limiting plates;
and the power mechanism is matched with the rotating shaft.
Preferably, the air outlet direction of the ejector is matched with the extending direction of one discharge chute or the discharge opening of the feed hopper in space.
Preferably, the power of the ejector is configured to be 10-15kw so as to ensure that the flow rate of the gas-solid mixture entering the reactor is controlled within the range of 20-25 m/s;
the power of the heating device is configured to be 30-40 kw.
Preferably, the upper end of the reactor is provided with a distributor which is matched with the hot blast pipe to divide the input hot blast, and the distributor is configured to include: the splitter plate is at least of a double-layer structure, and a plurality of splitter holes are respectively arranged on each layer of splitter plate;
the size of each layer of shunting holes is in a descending state in the longitudinal space, and the number of each layer of shunting holes is in an increasing state in the longitudinal space.
Preferably, the heating device is configured to include:
an electric heater for heating air;
the shell is used for packaging the electric heater, and one end of the shell is provided with a matched air inlet;
wherein, a matched exhaust fan is arranged on the hot air pipe or the shell.
Preferably, the reactor is configured to employ a tubular gasification furnace, on which at least one transparent observation window is provided;
the reactor, the hot air pipe and the shell are all configured to be of a double-layer structure.
A method for preparing spherical powder material by using a polymer powder spheroidizing device comprises the following steps:
during the discharging process of the material of the feed hopper, the powder raw material is conveyed to the upper end of the reactor along the distribution direction of the feed pipe under the action of horizontal jet flow of the jet device;
the material entering the reactor cavity is heated and melted under the action of hot air input from the upper end of the hot air pipe to form a liquid drop shape, and is contracted under the action of surface tension and viscosity, so that the stress at each part of the surface of the material is balanced, and a thermodynamic stable state with the lowest energy is achieved;
the liquid drops with physical changes fall under the combined auxiliary action of the flowing direction of wind power and the self gravity, are condensed into spherical particles in the falling process, and are subjected to gas-solid separation through the cyclone material receiving device.
Preferably, the discharging speed of the feeding hopper is controlled by the matched air seal machine, and powder is accumulated in the corresponding discharging groove in the rotating process of the air seal machine;
the jet device is matched with the discharge grooves in space, and the powder in each groove is lifted along the feeding pipe under the action of horizontal forced jet of the jet device and vertically enters the cavity of the reactor;
the heating device heats air sucked by the exhaust fan and conveys the air to the distributor for shunting through the matched hot air pipe, so that hot air flows through the buffer to uniformly and stably heat powder in the cavity.
Preferably, in the preparation process of the spherical powder, the spherical powder is configured to be obtained by adopting a three-stage temperature compensation mode of preheating, melting and cooling;
in the preheating section, before materials are conveyed, the temperature in the reactor is increased to a set temperature;
in the melting section, after the temperature reaches the set temperature, powder is conveyed, so that the material entering the reactor can be directly in a melting state;
in the cooling section, the powder material is cooled in the free falling process in the cavity of the reactor after being melted at a preset temperature, and is condensed into spherical powder.
The invention at least comprises the following beneficial effects: compared with the traditional powder spheroidization system, the invention adopts the horizontal forced air supply jet technology of the jet device, so that the cavity entrance speed reaches 20m/s, the cooling and heating can be fast, the productivity can reach 8-15kg/h, the energy is saved, the efficiency is high, and the problem of easy blockage of the traditional wet method is effectively solved by adopting dry feeding.
Secondly, the cyclone separation component vertically enters the cavity of the reactor through the discharge pipe, and the technical problem that cyclone separation is easy to stick to the wall is solved.
Thirdly, the method for preparing the spherical powder material by using the high polymer powder spheroidizing device adopts the dry feeding method, introduces irregular polymer powder into a high-temperature cavity under the action of high-speed airflow, and melts and shrinks the polymer powder into spheres under the high-temperature heating condition to prepare the high polymer powder with controllable particle size and high sphericity, and is clean, environment-friendly, energy-saving and efficient.
Fourthly, the method for preparing the spherical powder material by using the polymer powder spheroidizing device can realize accurate temperature control of preheating, melting and cooling by adopting a three-section temperature compensation technology, the temperature control range can be between 40 ℃ and 400 ℃, so that the application range of the raw materials can be greatly increased, air is used as a medium in the whole processing process, toxic solvents are not contained, the method is clean and environment-friendly, and the polymer powder with controllable particle size and high sphericity can be prepared.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polymer powder spheroidizing device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an air seal according to another embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a dispenser according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement the invention by referring to the description text.
It will be understood that terms such as "having," "including," and "comprising," as used herein, do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or groups thereof.
It is to be understood that in the description of the present invention, the terms indicating orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplification of the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are used in a broad sense, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, an integral connection, a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, a direct connection, an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and a communication between two elements.
FIG. 1 shows an implementation form of a polymer powder spheroidizing device according to the present invention, which comprises a feeding unit 1, a heating unit 2 and a discharging unit 3 which are matched, and the exterior of the device can fix each unit in the device through a rack 4 and a fixing frame 5 which are matched;
the feed unit is configured to include:
a feed hopper 10 is arranged longitudinally, and a discharge port of the feed hopper is provided with an ejector 11 which enables materials to be output horizontally;
the feeding pipe 12 is matched with the output direction of the ejector, in the structure, dry feeding is adopted, the ejector adopts a horizontal forced air supply jet technology, so that the conveying flow rate of air flow on the feeding pipe is controllable, the continuity of conveyed materials is ensured, and the flow rate is controllable, and the feeding direction of the feeding pipe is from bottom to top, so that the feeding pipe is required to be arranged in a Z shape, the corner of the feeding pipe with the structure can generate interference of a solid-gas mixture, and in order to reduce the interference generated by the solid-gas mixture and the corner of the feeding pipe in the transmission process to be smaller, the angle of the corner can be set to be an obtuse angle, so that the inner corner is smooth, the inner surface is smooth, the retardation is reduced, or the bending level is increased, and the lifting height of the feeding pipe is ensured to meet the use requirement;
the heating unit is configured to include:
the reactor 20 is longitudinally arranged, a tubular gasification furnace, namely a scabbard type structure is adopted in the reactor, and a solid-gas interaction system is formed inside the reactor, so that powder vertically enters a cavity and cannot be sprayed to the wall of the cavity to cause wall adhesion;
a heating device 22 communicated with the upper end of the reactor through a hot blast pipe 21 and configured to take an electric heating form, in which air is sucked from an air inlet, heated by electric heating, and then introduced into the reactor through the hot blast pipe;
the discharging unit is configured to adopt a cyclone receiving device;
wherein the feed end of the feed pipe extends vertically from the upper end of the reactor to communicate with the interior of the reactor cavity;
the air outlet end of the hot air pipe is arranged above the feed end;
the cyclone material receiving device is communicated with the inside of the reactor cavity through a discharge pipe 23 vertically extending from the lower end of the reactor, air is used as a dispersing and transporting medium and a heating medium in the working process in the scheme, the whole process is clean and environment-friendly, no toxic reagent is consumed, and finally the prepared powder particles are high in sphericity, uniform in appearance, smooth and clean in surface and smooth in inside.
In another example, as shown in fig. 1-2, an air seal 13 for controlling the discharge flow is disposed below the feed hopper, and is configured to include:
a rotating shaft 130 coupled to the discharge port of the feeding hopper, and having a plurality of radial limiting plates 131 axially disposed at an outer portion thereof to form a plurality of discharge grooves 132 at an outer portion of the rotating shaft through adjacent limiting plates;
with pivot matched with power unit (not shown), in this kind of structure, will close the fan and cooperate with power unit for it can be in the state of rotatory work always, the continuous transported substance material of energy source, and the blown down tank can be set to a plurality ofly as required, and the gas-solid content that its number can be carried as required sets up, and then guarantees the stability of equipment operation, and the restriction simultaneously transports in-process gas-solid content satisfies the user demand.
In another example, the air outlet direction of the ejector is matched with the extending direction of one of the discharge chutes or the discharge opening of the feed hopper in space, in the structure, if the air seal device is transversely arranged inside the material opening, powder output from the material opening is continuously output from rotation in the continuous rotation process of the air seal device, and in the falling process, the powder and gas are mixed and are conveyed outwards from the feed pipe through the forced action of horizontal jet flow, and if the air seal device is matched with the direction of the horizontal jet flow, namely, in the rotation process of the air seal device, the powder output from the hopper just falls into the discharge chute of the air seal device, and the powder in each discharge chute is conveyed outwards through the air outlet jet flow action of the ejector.
In another example, the power of the ejector is configured to be 10-15kw to ensure that the flow rate of the gas-solid mixture entering the reactor is controlled in the range of 20-25 m/s;
the power of the heating device is configured to be 30-40kw, in the structure, the power of the jet flow device is limited, so that the air jet effect is guaranteed to meet the use requirement, meanwhile, the flow rate of the gas-solid mixture meets the requirement of upward lifting and conveying to the reactor, the power of the heating device is limited, the heating is guaranteed to be carried out only once, the heat of the heating device meets the processing and use requirements of powder, and the heating device has better energy-saving and environment-friendly effects.
In another example, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the upper end of the reactor is provided with a distributor 24 which is matched with a hot air pipe to split the input hot air, wherein the distributor is a double-layer disc with holes, and the gas is split;
it is configured to include: the splitter plate 240 is at least of a double-layer structure, a plurality of splitter holes 241 are respectively arranged on each splitter plate, and a hot air flow distributor of the double-layer structure is adopted, so that hot air flow can be uniformly and stably buffered;
the size of each layer of shunting holes is in a descending state in a longitudinal space, the number of each layer of shunting holes is in an increasing state in the longitudinal space, and each shunting hole is spatially configured to be in a conical structure.
As in fig. 1, in another example, the heating device is configured to include:
an electric heater for heating air;
the casing for packaging the electric heater is provided with a matched air inlet 25 at one end, can be directly arranged on the casing or protrude from the casing and is arranged into a matched conical structure;
wherein, the hot-blast main or the shell is provided with a matched exhaust fan (not shown), in the proposal, external wind can smoothly enter from the air inlet through the suction effect under the action of the exhaust fan, and simultaneously, the wind can be heated by the electric heater after entering the shell and then can be conveyed into the reactor through the action of the hot-blast main under the setting of the exhaust fan, in the structure, two matched filtering mechanisms can be arranged at the air inlet and the connecting part of the shell and the hot-blast main according to the requirement, each filtering mechanism can be obtained through double-layer steel meshes with different apertures, and the filtering mechanism matched with the shell can filter through a matched active carbon layer or filter cotton between the double-layer steel meshes, and simultaneously, an air passing plate can be arranged at one side of the filtering mechanism close to the hot-blast main, and a plurality of conical air passing holes are arranged on the air passing plate, and then guarantee the motion stability of equipment, reduce its in the course of the work, because of the influence that air pollution seriously led to the fact the raw materials, guarantee simultaneously that it is carrying hot-blast in-process, the wind speed can have the promotion, perhaps with the inside setting of hot-blast pipe at the heliciform, and then guarantee that the velocity of flow of defeated air supply satisfies the user demand.
In another example, as shown in fig. 1, the reactor is configured to employ a tubular gasifier, on which at least one transparent observation window 26 is provided;
the reactor, the hot-blast pipe and the shell are all configured to be of a double-layer structure, in the structure, through the design of the double-layer structure, the temperature in the equipment is not transferred outwards, the influence on the external environment and the damage to operators are prevented, a heat insulation layer can be arranged in the reactor according to the use requirement, the loss of the internal temperature is further reduced, or a corrugated plate is arranged between the double-layer structure in the reactor, the reactor of the double-layer structure is connected and fixed, the stability of the structure is further ensured, meanwhile, the shock absorption and the noise reduction can be carried out on the equipment, the noise influence on the outside caused by the wind passing through the cavity is reduced, a flexible corrugated pipe can be sleeved outside the hot-blast pipe, the hot-blast pipe is protected, the damage to the hot-blast pipe caused by the external impact is also prevented, the inner side wall of the corrugated pipe is provided with a plurality of bulges, and the damage to the hot-blast pipe in the combination process of the reactor, the hot-blast pipe and the hot-blast pipe is further ensured, in the structure, after the corrugated pipe and the hot-blast pipe are compounded, the interior of the corrugated pipe can ensure that the joint degree of the hot-blast pipe and the corrugated pipe is better through the suction effect, the separation degree of the corrugated pipe and the hot-blast pipe after the corrugated pipe and the hot-blast pipe are combined is prevented from being too large, the normal work of the hot-blast pipe is influenced, meanwhile, the internal space of the hot-blast pipe is smaller through the internal suction effect, the internal noise of the hot-blast pipe is reduced and is transmitted outwards under the condition that the transmission flow speed of the internal space of the hot-blast pipe is higher, meanwhile, the influence of external impact on the hot-blast pipe can be effectively reduced through the effect of the corrugated pipe, meanwhile, the heat exchange between the hot-blast pipe and the outside is reduced through the part formed by suction in a vacuum state, the normal action of the hot-blast pipe is ensured, if the interior of the hot-blast pipe is not sucked or the suction is less, an isolation pipe sleeve can be arranged between the hot-blast pipe and the corrugated pipe, and further the gap between the hot-blast pipe is ensured to be smaller, the isolation pipe sleeve comprises two concentric metal pipes, a flexible layer (such as a sponge layer and a silica gel layer) is arranged between the two metal pipes, the metal pipes are adopted to enable the interference to be small when the metal pipes are sleeved between the metal pipes, the wearing and adjusting effect is better, arc-shaped protruding portions are arranged on the side walls, close to the hot air pipes, of the metal pipes, the matching degree of equipment is better guaranteed, the shell can be provided with a plurality of matched spiral threads on the side walls inside the shell, the effect of the isolation pipe sleeve is that the retention time of wind inside the shell is longer, meanwhile, the flow rate of the incoming wind is increased, the flow rate of the hot wind in the conveying process of the reactor is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the requirement of uninterrupted conveying in a higher conveying scene can be met.
A method for preparing spherical powder material by using a polymer powder spheroidizing device comprises the following steps:
during the discharging process of the material of the feed hopper, the powder raw material is conveyed to the upper end of the reactor along the distribution direction of the feed pipe under the action of horizontal jet flow of the jet device;
the material entering the reactor cavity is heated and melted under the action of hot air input from the upper end of the hot air pipe to form a liquid drop shape, and is contracted under the action of surface tension and viscosity, so that the stress at each part of the surface of the material is balanced, and a thermodynamic stable state with the lowest energy is achieved;
the liquid drops with physical change fall under the combined auxiliary action of the wind flowing direction and the self gravity, and are condensed into spherical particles in the falling process, and gas-solid separation is carried out through a cyclone material receiving device.
In another example, the discharging speed of the feeding hopper is controlled by a matched air seal machine, and powder is accumulated in a corresponding discharging groove in the rotating process of the air seal machine;
the jet device is matched with the discharge chute in space, the powder in each chute is lifted along the feeding pipe under the action of horizontal forced jet of the jet device and vertically enters the cavity of the reactor, in the structure, high polymer powder material enters from the hopper, the air seal device is opened, and the powder enters the reactor body under the action of the jet device;
heating device heats the inspiratory air of air exhauster, and carry to the distributor through matched with hot-blast main and shunt, so that the powder heats in the cavity that the steam flow is even stable after buffering, in this kind of scheme, prescribe a limit to the flow output of powder through the air seal ware, make it carry out horizontal efflux and carry through the pipeline through the ejector, the mixing ratio of gas-solid remains stability all the time, prevent its solid too much with the inlet pipe, the adhesion that the inside lateral wall of reactor caused, simultaneously through the cooperation of distributor, will send into to reactor hot-blast reposition of redundant personnel processing, make hot-blast relax evenly, and if need increase hot-blast velocity of flow, can set up into conical structure through the diffluent hole on the distributor, make its velocity of flow can be controlled, and then guarantee that hot-blast velocity of flow satisfies the operation requirement.
In another example, in the preparation process of the spherical powder, the spherical powder is configured to be obtained by adopting a three-stage temperature compensation mode of preheating, melting and cooling;
in the preheating section, the temperature inside the reactor is raised to the set temperature before the material is conveyed, in which way the machine is switched on and the appropriate fan speed and the required heating temperature are adjusted. After the temperature is set, air enters from the air inlet, the sucked air is heated under the action of electric heating, the heated air enters the tubular gasification furnace through the hot air pipe and reaches the hot air distributor, gas is divided under the action of the hot air distributor so that the internal temperature of the tubular gasification furnace reaches the required temperature, and a matched sensor can be arranged in the tubular gasification furnace according to the requirement so as to further realize better accurate controllability;
in the melting section, after the temperature reaches the set temperature, powder is conveyed to enable the material entering the reactor to be in a melting state directly, in this way, when the temperature inside the reactor reaches the use requirement, powder particles required to be spheroidized are placed into a hopper, an air seal machine is opened, and the high polymer powder is conveyed to a tubular gasification furnace through a conveying pipeline under the action of an ejector;
in the cooling section, the powder material is cooled in the free falling process in the cavity of the reactor after being melted at the preset temperature, and is condensed into spherical powder, under the mode, the high polymer powder is rapidly formed into liquid drops after being heated and melted by gas, and is condensed into spherical powder again in the falling process, the processing of the raw material is completed, and in the scheme, the three-section temperature compensation system is adopted, so that the accurate control of the internal temperature of the reactor body is realized, and the running stability of the reactor is further ensured.
Example (b):
the working principle of the polymer powder spheroidizing device is as follows:
the use method for preparing the spheroidized powder by adopting the polymer powder spheroidizing device has the advantages of simple operation and high production efficiency, uses air as a heating medium in the use process, does not generate toxic substances, is clean and environment-friendly, and the polymer particles obtained by adopting the method have high sphericity, smooth surfaces and good fluidity and can be used for preparing selective laser sintering functional workpieces with excellent mechanical properties. The whole production process only generates physical change and does not generate chemical change. The heated air enables the temperature of the high polymer powder to reach above the melting point, liquid drops are formed quickly in a split mode, original irregular particles are converted into regular spherical particles under the action of surface tension, and batch production of the selective laser sintering high polymer powder material is achieved.
The above scheme is merely illustrative of a preferred example, and is not limiting. When the invention is implemented, appropriate replacement and/or modification can be carried out according to the requirements of users.
The number of apparatuses and the scale of the process described herein are intended to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
While embodiments of the invention have been disclosed above, it is not intended to be limited to the uses set forth in the specification and examples. It can be applied to all kinds of fields suitable for the present invention. Additional modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. It is therefore intended that the invention not be limited to the exact details and illustrations described and illustrated herein, but fall within the scope of the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A polymer powder spheroidizing device is characterized by comprising a feeding unit, a heating unit and a discharging unit which are matched;
the feed unit is configured to include:
a feed hopper which is arranged longitudinally, and a discharge hole of the feed hopper is provided with an ejector which enables the material to be output horizontally;
the feeding pipe is matched with the output direction of the ejector;
the heating unit is configured to include:
a reactor arranged longitudinally;
a heating device communicated with the upper end of the reactor through a hot air pipe;
the discharging unit is configured to adopt a cyclone receiving device;
wherein the feed end of the feed pipe extends vertically from the upper end of the reactor to communicate with the interior of the reactor cavity;
the air outlet end of the hot air pipe is arranged above the feed end;
the cyclone material receiving device is communicated with the inside of the reactor cavity body through a material discharging pipe vertically extending from the lower end of the reactor.
2. The polymer powder spheroidizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an air seal for controlling a discharge flow rate is provided below the feed hopper, and is configured to include:
the rotating shaft is matched with the discharge port of the feed hopper, and a plurality of radial limiting plates are axially arranged outside the rotating shaft so as to construct a plurality of discharge chutes outside the rotating shaft through the adjacent limiting plates;
and the power mechanism is matched with the rotating shaft.
3. The polymer powder spheroidizing device according to claim 2, wherein the air outlet direction of the ejector is spatially matched with the extending direction of one of the discharging grooves or the discharging port of the feeding hopper.
4. The polymer powder spheroidizing device according to claim 1, wherein the power of the ejector is configured to be 10-15kw to ensure that the flow rate of the gas-solid mixture entering the reactor is controlled within the range of 20-25 m/s;
the power of the heating device is configured to be 30-40 kw.
5. The polymer powder spheroidizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a distributor fitted with a hot air duct to split the input hot air is provided at an upper end of the reactor, and is configured to include: the splitter plate is at least of a double-layer structure, and a plurality of splitter holes are respectively arranged on each layer of splitter plate;
the size of each layer of shunting holes is in a descending state in the longitudinal space, and the number of each layer of shunting holes is in an increasing state in the longitudinal space.
6. The polymer powder spheroidizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is configured to include:
an electric heater for heating air;
the shell is used for packaging the electric heater, and one end of the shell is provided with a matched air inlet;
wherein, a matched exhaust fan is arranged on the hot air pipe or the shell.
7. The polymer powder spheroidizing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the reactor is configured to employ a tubular gasification furnace on which at least one transparent observation window is provided;
the reactor, the hot air pipe and the shell are all configured to be of a double-layer structure.
8. A method for producing a spherical powder material by using the polymer powder spheroidizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
during the discharging process of the material of the feed hopper, the powder raw material is conveyed to the upper end of the reactor along the distribution direction of the feed pipe under the action of horizontal jet flow of the jet device;
the material entering the reactor cavity is heated and melted under the action of hot air input from the upper end of the hot air pipe to form a liquid drop shape, and is contracted under the action of surface tension and viscosity, so that the stress at each part of the surface of the material is balanced, and a thermodynamic stable state with the lowest energy is achieved;
the liquid drops with physical changes fall under the combined auxiliary action of the flowing direction of wind power and the self gravity, are condensed into spherical particles in the falling process, and are subjected to gas-solid separation through the cyclone material receiving device.
9. The method for preparing a spherical powder material by using a polymer powder spheroidizing device according to claim 8, wherein the discharging rate of the feeding hopper is controlled by a matched air shutter, and powder is accumulated in a corresponding discharging groove during the rotation of the air shutter;
the jet device is matched with the discharge grooves in space, and the powder in each groove is lifted along the feeding pipe under the action of horizontal forced jet of the jet device and vertically enters the cavity of the reactor;
the heating device heats air sucked by the exhaust fan and conveys the air to the distributor for shunting through the matched hot air pipe, so that hot air flows through the buffer to uniformly and stably heat powder in the cavity.
10. The method for preparing a spherical powder material by using a polymer powder spheroidizing device according to claim 8, wherein in the spherical powder preparation process, the spherical powder is configured to be obtained by adopting a three-stage temperature compensation manner of preheating, melting and cooling;
in the preheating section, before materials are conveyed, the temperature in the reactor is increased to a set temperature;
in the melting section, after the temperature reaches the set temperature, powder is conveyed, so that the material entering the reactor can be directly in a melting state;
in the cooling section, the powder material is cooled in the free falling process in the cavity of the reactor after being melted at a preset temperature, and is condensed into spherical powder.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2020109297305 | 2020-09-07 | ||
| CN202010929730.5A CN112092235A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Polymer powder spheroidizing device and method for preparing spherical powder material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113146881A true CN113146881A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
Family
ID=73750805
Family Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010929730.5A Pending CN112092235A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Polymer powder spheroidizing device and method for preparing spherical powder material |
| CN202110633422.2A Pending CN113146881A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2021-06-07 | Polymer powder spheroidizing device and method for preparing spherical powder material |
Family Applications Before (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010929730.5A Pending CN112092235A (en) | 2020-09-07 | 2020-09-07 | Polymer powder spheroidizing device and method for preparing spherical powder material |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (2) | CN112092235A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114949341A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-30 | 江西理工大学 | Preparation of biodegradable composite powder and dry spheroidizing process thereof |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114603818B (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2023-08-18 | 江西理工大学 | Double-screw extruder for biodegradable materials |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1476272A (en) * | 1974-02-26 | 1977-06-10 | Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co Ltd | Sintered particles of tetrafluoroethylene polymers and process for their preparation |
| JPS5515655A (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-02-02 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Globing apparatus of powder and granule |
| DE10019508A1 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2001-10-31 | Rieter Automatik Gmbh | Process and device for the dropletization of precursors of thermoplastic polyester or copolyester |
| DE102004062354A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Process for the preparation of granules of thermoplastic siloxane polymers |
| CN101549268A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-10-07 | 羊建高 | Method for producing spherical high-temperature powder material |
| CN105135678A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽三鼎锅炉制造有限公司 | Organic heat carrier heat-supply device |
| CN205627893U (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-10-12 | 内蒙古荣信化工有限公司 | Methyl alcohol is converter top of tower distributor in advance |
| CN108501250A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-07 | 四川大学 | Air-flow spheroidization reactor and its method for preparing polymer matrix spherical powder material |
| WO2019068117A1 (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2019-04-11 | Plansee Se | Additively manufactured component and production method for same |
-
2020
- 2020-09-07 CN CN202010929730.5A patent/CN112092235A/en active Pending
-
2021
- 2021-06-07 CN CN202110633422.2A patent/CN113146881A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1476272A (en) * | 1974-02-26 | 1977-06-10 | Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co Ltd | Sintered particles of tetrafluoroethylene polymers and process for their preparation |
| JPS5515655A (en) * | 1978-07-21 | 1980-02-02 | Hitachi Metals Ltd | Globing apparatus of powder and granule |
| DE10019508A1 (en) * | 2000-04-19 | 2001-10-31 | Rieter Automatik Gmbh | Process and device for the dropletization of precursors of thermoplastic polyester or copolyester |
| DE102004062354A1 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2006-07-06 | Wacker Chemie Ag | Process for the preparation of granules of thermoplastic siloxane polymers |
| CN101549268A (en) * | 2009-04-17 | 2009-10-07 | 羊建高 | Method for producing spherical high-temperature powder material |
| CN105135678A (en) * | 2015-09-23 | 2015-12-09 | 安徽三鼎锅炉制造有限公司 | Organic heat carrier heat-supply device |
| CN205627893U (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-10-12 | 内蒙古荣信化工有限公司 | Methyl alcohol is converter top of tower distributor in advance |
| WO2019068117A1 (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2019-04-11 | Plansee Se | Additively manufactured component and production method for same |
| CN108501250A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-09-07 | 四川大学 | Air-flow spheroidization reactor and its method for preparing polymer matrix spherical powder material |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 冯立明等: "《涂装工艺与设备》", 30 July 2004, 化学工业出版社 * |
| 刘西文: "《塑料配混工[中、高级]培训教程》", 31 January 2017, 文化发展出版社 * |
| 廖达雄: "《气体引射器原理及设计》", 30 November 2018, 国防工业出版社 * |
| 韩玉墀等: "《化工工人技术培训读本》", 30 September 1996, 化学工业出版社 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114949341A (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2022-08-30 | 江西理工大学 | Preparation of biodegradable composite powder and dry spheroidizing process thereof |
| CN114949341B (en) * | 2022-04-14 | 2023-11-07 | 江西理工大学 | Preparation of biodegradable composite powder and dry spheroidizing process thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN112092235A (en) | 2020-12-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN113146881A (en) | Polymer powder spheroidizing device and method for preparing spherical powder material | |
| CN108501250B (en) | Airflow spheroidizing reactor and method for preparing polymer-based spherical powder material by using same | |
| CN100488671C (en) | Apparatus for preparing metal powder | |
| CN100409980C (en) | Production technology of two-nozzle atomization aluminium powder | |
| CN110480024A (en) | A method of CuCrZr spherical powder is prepared based on VIGA technique | |
| CN102689391A (en) | Aluminum silicate fiber collodion cotton and production method for highly processed product of aluminium silicate fiber collodion | |
| CN107586900B (en) | A kind of method and device of spray-granulated molten blast furnace slag | |
| CN101871025A (en) | Metallurgical molten slag dry-type processing device and processing method thereof | |
| CA1285761C (en) | Plant for manufacturing cement clinker | |
| JP2007292379A (en) | Manufacturing method and device of heat treated particle | |
| CN205951285U (en) | Novel 3D prints with multiple extruder and control system of circling round | |
| CN205973807U (en) | Pyroreaction device and graphene materials production system | |
| CN108002416B (en) | A kind of drying and calcining processing technology and equipment crystallizing Aluminum Chloride Hexahydrate | |
| CN105018658B (en) | Integrated device for metallurgy slag granulation and multi-stage heat energy recovery | |
| CN109680114A (en) | A kind of system and method for coal gasification collaboration reduction of iron ore | |
| CN208748180U (en) | A kind of Iron Ore Powder efficiently preheats prereduction device | |
| CN106238731B (en) | A kind of mixed metal 3D three-dimensional printing devices | |
| CN102002546B (en) | Iron-containing material suspending and reducing device and process | |
| CN207159159U (en) | A kind of hydrogasification stove with semicoke refrigerated separation function | |
| CN107674929B (en) | A kind of fused solution slag particle and the method and its system and device of heat exchange | |
| JP5625062B2 (en) | Reduced iron manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method thereof | |
| TWM631818U (en) | Conductive material ultrafine powder preparation device | |
| CN108555236A (en) | A kind of Sand Treating System in Lost-foam Casting | |
| CN208136102U (en) | A kind of suspension reactor for synthesizing silicon nitride powder | |
| CN203286889U (en) | Flash magnetization roasting furnace and flash magnetization roasting system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right | ||
| TA01 | Transfer of patent application right |
Effective date of registration: 20230301 Address after: 341000 No. 86 Hongqi Avenue, Jiangxi, Ganzhou Applicant after: Jiangxi University of Science and Technology Applicant after: Shuai Cijun Address before: 330000 no.1180 Shuanggang East Street, Nanchang Economic and Technological Development Zone, Jiangxi Province Applicant before: NANCHANG CAMPUS OF JIANGXI University OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20210723 |