Apparatus for preparing metal powder
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technology of preparing of metal dust, for example, metal super-fine globular dusty material etc., particularly a kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder, the super-fine globular metal powder material that adopts this device to prepare plays the effect of guided bone to industries such as electronics, electromechanics, paint.
Background technology
The superfines material is often referred to that particle diameter is in micron or less than the dusty material of micron, the super-fine material industry is the important branch of material industry.Because super-fine material has very big surface area and surface property, physicochemical property and common material have very big-difference.When adding a small amount of hyperfine dusty material, the overall construction intensity of materials such as rubber, resin, metal, pottery is greatly improved, thereby is used widely in high-tech areas such as powder metallurgy, aviation and wide, absorbing material, microelectronics.The U.S. has classified the material industry as the second largest industry of next human social development in century.China in " current state key encourage growth industry, product technology catalogue ", also the superfines material as one of product of emphasis encourage growth.Along with science and technology development, the superfines material will play an increasingly important role in the middle of social industrial production and people's lives, and its market prospects are very considerable.
Consider the processing and the filling capacity of powder, granule-morphology is spherical submicron metal, has good pine dress ratio and mobile, is indispensable raw material in powder injection-molded (MIM), the accurate manufacturing.Whether the auto industry prosperity of a country, how many accessories that can all powder manufacturings from an automobile is weighed, to 2000, the accessory that average each automobile in Europe uses powder to make was 7.8kg, and the accessory that average each automobile of the U.S. uses powder to make is 14kg; Average each automobile of China is less than 4kg.For example, the superfine spherical aluminium powder can be used in the various combustion adjuvants, incendiary agent, rocket solid propellant and explosive, the firebomb etc. that prepare high-grade metallic paint, military project use.The process technology of globular metallic powder is directly connected to the development of relevant industries such as powder metallurgy, accurate manufacturing, auto industry, coating and military project.
Worldwide industrial restructuring and development have brought new in a material field revolution, particularly provide wide development space to hyperfine metal dust industry.Its application to electronics, space flight, aviation, bioengineering field, almost spreads all over all industrial production fields from traditional machinery, metallurgical industry.As SiC, Si
3N
4Though pottery intensity is very high, also have good wearability and resistance to elevated temperatures, big owing to its fragility, be unsuitable for carrying out machining and limited application, scientists is at SiC, Si
3N
4Add hyperfine metallic cobalt powder in a small amount in the ceramic powders, sintering forms metal SiC, Si
3N
4Pottery makes it to have strengthened toughness and machining property, becomes the preferred material of making high-speed bearing.Powder injection-molded (MIM) improves the working (machining) efficiency of complex-shaped metalwork greatly; Ultrafine metal powders end Ni, Al etc. also are widely used in the spraying of pottery, plastics and metal surface etc., can make the metal deposit of the ultra-thin densification that is used for photo-thermal conversion, magnetic recording.
The preparation of metal dust of the prior art particularly adopts the centrifugal atomizing technology to prepare the super-fine globular metal dust, all is to be undertaken by separate devices, is not easy to operational administrative.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the defective or the deficiency that exist in the prior art, a kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder is provided, adopt this device to be convenient to utilize the centrifugal atomizing technology to prepare the operational administrative of super-fine globular metal dust, and the spherical particles adjustable grain scope of metal dust is between 0.05 to 100 μ m, or bigger particle grain size, can play a positive role to relevant industries such as powder metallurgy, accurate manufacturing, auto industry, coating.
Technical conceive of the present invention is the automatic super-fine globular metal dust production system of utilizing intermediate frequency melting furnace, centrifugal atomizing main frame, molecular sieve, packing machine to constitute jointly.Metal derby dropped in the intermediate frequency melting furnace to separate through fusion, impurity enter the centrifugal atomizing main frame through high-temperature pump control flow and under the centrifugal action power of high-speed rotation, form well-balanced super-fine globular particle, spherical particles adjustable grain scope is between 0.05 to 100 μ m, or bigger particle grain size.Super-fine globular powder through the preparation of centrifugal atomizing main frame enters the Automatic sieve subsystem under the gravity effect, be admitted to automatic packaging system by particle diameter distribution size.The innovation that the inventor utilizes the centrifugal atomizing technology to prepare superfine metal ball-type material provides solution for the modern industrialization materials demand.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Apparatus for preparing metal powder, comprise centrifugal atomizing main frame and one or more thawing furnace, it is characterized in that: described centrifugal atomizing main frame and one or more thawing furnace are integrated and are arranged in the housing, and described thawing furnace is connected with centrifugal atomizing main frame pipeline by the high temperature delivery pump.
Described centrifugal atomizing main frame is the structure by high-speed electric expreess locomotive, protection fixed housing, extension shaft, electromagnetic induction heater, electromagnetic induction thermostat, atomizing disk, atomizer and the intensive one of powder collection dish; described high-speed electric expreess locomotive is positioned at the protection fixed housing; drive the atomizing disk by extension shaft; the atomizer of atomizing disk top connects the main frame feed hopper by flexible connecting member; described electromagnetic induction heater is located on atomizer; described electromagnetic induction thermostat is located on the atomizing disk, and described powder collection dish is positioned at the below of atomizing disk.
Described thawing furnace is the intermediate frequency thawing furnace, and having two intermediate frequency thawing furnaces is and is set up in parallel, the bottom of intermediate frequency thawing furnace has been laid circulating cooling system and has been controlled at below 60 ℃ with the temperature that guarantees the melting furnace outside, thereby makes electrical apparatus control system avoid the influence of high temperature; Intermediate frequency thawing furnace melt metal material under liquid condition by high temperature delivery pump suction centrifugal atomizing main frame.
Described powder collection dish is communicated with the metal dust hierarchy system, and this metal dust hierarchy system is made up of the molecular sieve and the aidr bells blast system of standard.
Described metal dust hierarchy system connects automatic packaging machine by the sealing hopper.
The top of described thawing furnace is provided with the secondary seal feeding warehouse, and material elevator connects the feeding gate of this secondary seal feeding warehouse, and this secondary seal feeding warehouse connects thawing furnace by the secondary hopper.
Described secondary hopper is a metal weldedstructure, and the outside has coated heat-insulation layer; The secondary hopper divides two-layer up and down, is separated by the pumping slot plate; The open and close of pumping slot plate are carried out by electric device; Electric device is controlled by system program.
The inside of described secondary seal feeding warehouse has the track conveyer, and described track conveyer will lay dumper on the two-way track by the instruction of designing program by motor as power, material be sent in the sealing hopper of appointment; Two-way track bottom is provided with circulating cooling system.
Described automatic packaging machine connects secondary seal by transfer mechanism and goes out feed bin.
Have five layers of structure in the described housing, be followed successively by from top to bottom: comprise the feed system of secondary seal feeding warehouse, comprise the fusing system of thawing furnace, comprise the centrifugal atomizing system of centrifugal atomizing main frame, the screening system that comprises molecular sieve comprises the packing discharge system of automatic packaging machine; Each layer of described five layers of structure is provided with video-frequency monitor.
Technique effect of the present invention is as follows:
Because apparatus for preparing metal powder of the present invention has been taked the integrated technology of module assembly unit, centrifugal atomizing main frame and one or more thawing furnace be integrated be arranged in the housing, and directly carry out pipeline by the high temperature delivery pump and connect, this facilitates the operational administrative that adopts the centrifugal atomizing technology to prepare the super-fine globular metal dust.
The present invention can make whole system be under the vacuum seal work, and the atomizing of especially having used advanced level is the hydrostomia technology not; Leading high-temperature molten material constant current speed charging technology; The advanced atomizer technology and the temperature field of dynamic heat and atomizing disk distribute and the ball-type rate that surpasses the prepared ball-type powder of the conducting concrete antistatic facility of U.S. NFPA651 safety standard above 95%, the Granularity Distribution narrow range, oxide content is less than 0.1%; According to charging weigh and the atomizing disk rotating speed particle diameter can be controlled in 0.05 to 100 mu m range.
Owing to used the development that production cost reduces, particle diameter is controlled, thereby oxide content reduces relevant industries such as driving powder metallurgy, accurate manufacturing, auto industry, coating of the super-fine globular powder of native system device preparation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an apparatus for preparing metal powder structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a centrifugal atomizing main machine structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is one of metal dust Electronic Speculum figure that utilizes apparatus of the present invention preparation.
Fig. 4 be utilize apparatus of the present invention preparations metal dust Electronic Speculum figure two.
Fig. 5 be utilize apparatus of the present invention preparations metal dust Electronic Speculum figure three.
Reference numeral lists as follows:
The 1-material elevator, 2-self-feeding mouth, 3-automatic packaging machine; 4-seals hopper, 5-molecular sieve, 6-powder collection dish; 7-centrifugal atomizing main frame, 8-heap type feed pipe, 9-high temperature delivery pump; 10-intermediate frequency thawing furnace, 11-secondary hopper, 12-track conveyer; 13-secondary seal feeding warehouse, 14-housing, 15-safety inspection door; the 16-separation layer, 17-traction electric machine, 18-video-frequency monitor; the 19-cooling system, 20-powder scraper plate, 21-furnace bottom cooling system; the 22-hierarchy system, 23-automatic-packaging, 24-transfer mechanism; the 25-secondary seal goes out feed bin, 26-main frame feed hopper, and 27-flexibly connects; 28-electromagnetic induction heater, 29-atomizer, the 30-disk that atomizes; 31-electromagnetic induction thermostat; the 32-circulating water cooling system, 33-auxiliary shoring system, 34-extension shaft; 35-frequency modulation high-speed electric expreess locomotive; 36-protects fixed housing, 37-main frame outer cover, 38-motor immobilizing foundation.
The specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
The technical conceive of the innovation invention is the automatic super-fine globular metal dust production system of utilizing intermediate frequency melting furnace, centrifugal atomizing main frame, molecular sieve, packing machine to constitute jointly.Metal derby dropped in the intermediate frequency melting furnace to separate through fusion, impurity enter the centrifugal atomizing main frame through high-temperature pump control flow velocity and under the centrifugal action power of high-speed rotation, form well-balanced super-fine globular particle.Spherical particles adjustable grain scope is between 0.05 to 100 μ m or bigger particle grain size (seeing shown in the Electronic Speculum figure).Super-fine globular powder through the preparation of centrifugal atomizing main frame enters the Automatic sieve subsystem under the gravity effect, be admitted to automatic packaging system by particle diameter distribution size.
Apparatus for preparing metal powder comprises that a diameter is not more than 6 meters, the supporter that highly is not more than the cast of 15 meters circular xoncrete structure or steel construction or is welded.Be divided into five parts in the supporter.The top is that feed system, top are that fusing system, middle part are that centrifugal atomizing system, middle and lower part are that screening system, bottom are the packing discharge system.Feed system has comprised the feeding warehouse of carrying raw-material automatic skip, secondary seal.Charging is divided into two-stage carries, and raw material is sent into earlier and closed feeding gate behind the passageway and carry out towards nitrogen, treats to open the back door, passageway again behind air pressure and the feed bin air pressure balance, and the track transmission device that raw material is admitted to specific setting enters hopper on request respectively and enters the intermediate frequency melting furnace.It is the turnover situation that the video detection head more than three comes the Supervised Control raw material at least that feed system is provided with.Feed hopper is divided into two-layer up and down, and upper strata and feed bin communicate, and lower floor is connected with melting furnace.
Be provided with the intermediate frequency melting furnace that two capacity are respectively 200kg/h in the fusing system.The bottom of melting furnace has laid that circulating cooling system is controlled at below 60 ℃ with the temperature that guarantees the melting furnace outside and the influence that electrical apparatus control system is not subjected to high temperature.Material through high-temperature fusion enters subordinate's centrifugal atomizing host computer system by the high-temperature pump suction under liquid condition.Be provided with four video detection heads in the fusing system simultaneously and monitor the working condition of fusing system.Melt metal or alloy or nonmetal liquid are sent into the centrifugal atomizing system by high-temperature pump.
The centrifugal atomizing system is the key component of the technology of the present invention, and the centrifugal atomizing system is made up of round atomizing disk, atomizer, explosion-proof high-speed electric expreess locomotive, connecting axle, heat induced circle, microparticle gatherer, recirculated cooling water device etc.The spherical particles particle diameter of preparation is controlled between 0.05 to 100 μ m, and the ball-type rate is more than 90%.After the ball-type powder of preparation enters the gradation sizing system, enter automatic packaging system by particle size distribution.
Wooden Preparation Method of described super-fine metal powder and device thereof are the main body frame of 6 meters of diameters, and material is steel welding or concrete cast at least.In main body, evenly be divided into 5 layers, be spaced apart steel plate or concrete between layer and the layer.All can there be specific airtight passage to connect between every layer.
Described feed system is a two-stage airtight vacuum door, is furnished with push rod and gripping arm raw material are transported in the hopper of appointment.Described two-stage airtight vacuum door is that feeding warehouse and material input port hermatic door and material enter the second road hermatic door of being sent into presumptive area behind the dark zone by conveyer belt.The distance at sect, first sect to the second be 3 meters, wide be that 2 meters, height are 1 meter.It is the vacuum that keeps whole system that the main purpose of two-stage airtight vacuum door is set, and does not influence the quality of final finished material.
Described feed hopper is that stainless steel is welded.Feed hopper divides up and down, and two-stage is separated by the pumping slot of settling respectively.The top of feed hopper links to each other with feeding warehouse, and the bottom links to each other with melting furnace.
Described track conveyer is sent material into feed hopper for installation transmission device in orbit by the data of setting and is entered the intermediate frequency melting furnace.
Described melting furnace is the intermediate frequency thawing furnace that the laboratory of standard is used.The liquid material of thawing furnace is pumped to the centrifugal atomizing main frame by high-temperature pump.
Described centrifugal atomizing main frame is that high speed fire-proof motor, special lengthening power transmission shaft, magnetic induction heating collar, recirculated cooling water device, atomizer, the round dish of atomizing, round atomizing shell, connection sealing, controlled speed regulator, accident surmount device, round material collection dish is formed.
Described Material pipeline is made up of high temperature resistant tubing and ultrasonator through specially treated.
Described sieve classification system is made up of the molecular sieve and the aidr bells blast system of standard.
Described automatic packaging system is formed by the packing machine of standard, sealing machine with towards nitrogen system.
Described automatic conveying system is made up of the screw rod conveyor of standard.
Described secondary goes out feed bin and is made up of twice automatic open close hermatic door.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, apparatus for preparing metal powder of the present invention, comprise centrifugal atomizing main frame 7 and two thawing furnaces 10, described centrifugal atomizing main frame 7 and two thawing furnaces 10 are integrated and are arranged in the housing 14, and described thawing furnace is connected with centrifugal atomizing main frame 7 pipelines by high temperature delivery pump 9.Described centrifugal atomizing main frame 7 is by high-speed electric expreess locomotive 35; protection fixed housing 36; extension shaft; electromagnetic induction heater; the electromagnetic induction thermostat; the atomizing disk; the structure 34 of atomizer and the intensive one of powder collection dish; described high-speed electric expreess locomotive 35 is positioned at protection fixed housing 36; drive atomizing disk 30 by extension shaft 34; the atomizer 29 of atomizing disk 30 tops connects main frame feed hopper 26 by flexible connecting member 27; described electromagnetic induction heater 28 is located on atomizer 29; described electromagnetic induction thermostat 31 is located on atomizing disk 30, and described powder collection dish 6 is positioned at the below of atomizing disk 30.Described thawing furnace can be the intermediate frequency thawing furnace, and two intermediate frequency thawing furnaces are and are set up in parallel, and the bottom of intermediate frequency thawing furnace has been laid circulating cooling system 19 and has been controlled at below 60 ℃ with the temperature that guarantees the melting furnace outside, thereby makes electrical apparatus control system avoid the influence of high temperature; Intermediate frequency thawing furnace melt metal material under liquid condition by high temperature delivery pump 9 suction centrifugal atomizing main frames 7.Described powder collection dish 6 is communicated with metal dust hierarchy system 22, and this metal dust hierarchy system 22 is made up of the molecular sieve 5 and the aidr bells blast system of standard.Described metal dust hierarchy system 22 connects automatic packaging machine 3 by sealing hopper 4.The top of described thawing furnace 10 is provided with secondary seal feeding warehouse 13, and material elevator 1 connects the feeding gate of this secondary seal feeding warehouse 13, and this secondary seal feeding warehouse 13 connects thawing furnace 10 by secondary hopper 11.Described secondary hopper 11 is a metal weldedstructure, and the outside has coated heat-insulation layer; Hopper divides two-layer up and down, is separated by the pumping slot plate; The open and close of pumping slot plate are carried out by electric device; Electric device is controlled by system program.The inside of described secondary seal feeding warehouse 13 has track conveyer 12, and described track conveyer 12 will lay dumper on the two-way track by the instruction of designing program by traction electric machine 17 as power, material be sent in the sealing hopper of appointment; Two-way track bottom is provided with circulating cooling system.Described automatic packaging machine 3 connects secondary seal by transfer mechanism 24 and goes out feed bin 25.Have five layers of structure in the described housing 14, be followed successively by from top to bottom: the feed system that comprises secondary seal feeding warehouse 13, the fusing system that comprises thawing furnace 10, the centrifugal atomizing system that comprises centrifugal atomizing main frame 7, the screening system that comprises molecular sieve 5 comprises the packing discharge system of automatic packaging machine 3; Each layer of described five layers of structure is provided with video-frequency monitor 18.Also be provided with self-feeding mouth 2 and automatic-packaging 23 in the packing discharge system.Be provided with powder scraper plate 20 in the powder collection dish 6.The centrifugal atomizing system also is provided with auxiliary shoring system 33, main frame outer cover 37 and motor immobilizing foundation 38, and circulating water cooling system 32.
Should be pointed out that the above specific embodiment can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the innovation invention, but limit the innovation invention never in any form.Therefore, although this specification has been described in detail the innovation invention with reference to drawings and Examples,, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that still and can make amendment or be equal to replacement the present invention; And all do not break away from the technical scheme and the improvement thereof of the spirit and scope of the innovation invention, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the protection domain of the innovation patent of invention.