CN113144207A - 一种包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物及其应用 - Google Patents
一种包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种包括聚季铵盐‑1的组合物及其应用,涉及眼科溶液防腐剂。一种包括聚季铵盐‑1的组合物,包括:1)所述组合物总质量的0.0005‑0.05%的聚季铵盐‑1;2)所述组合物总质量的0.1‑0.8%的磷酸盐;3)所述组合物总质量的0.001‑0.1%的螯合剂;4)所述组合物总质量的0.10‑1.5%的表面活性剂;5)所述组合物总质量的0.25‑7.5%的油相;6)所述组合物总质量的0.10‑5.0%的渗透压调节剂。本发明聚季铵盐‑1作为磷酸缓冲乳液体系的眼科溶液的防腐剂,为眼内滴眼液以及眼外清洗消毒液的研发取得了更多选择。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及防腐剂,具体涉及一种包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物及其应用。
背景技术
防腐剂是多剂量眼科制剂处方中重要成份之一。 随着眼科制剂发展,对防腐剂要求越来越苛刻,一个好的防腐剂既要具备好的抑菌有效性和水溶解性,还要具备对眼睛低和/或无过敏刺激毒副作用。特别是对于含有油水两相纳米乳液,防腐剂另外还需要具备适当的亲水亲油平衡值(HLB), 因为这些因素都直接影响终端产品能否通过药典的防腐效率检测实验(PET),也就是产品的质量。
目前,眼科制剂防腐剂包括有机汞化物、山梨酸、硼酸及其盐、苯扎氯铵、聚己亚甲基双胍盐酸盐(PHMB)等。有机汞已在眼科制剂中用作防腐剂很多年,包括眼外清洗剂和眼内滴眼液。有机汞化合物一般包括硫柳汞,乙酸苯汞和硝酸苯汞。由于潜在的汞毒性和较差的化学稳定性,有机汞应用局限性很大,正在逐渐被取代。 山梨酸的化学稳定性和抗菌有效性很差。硼酸及其盐由于其弱的防腐有效性,一般只被作为眼科药物防腐助剂,很少单独作为防腐剂使用。苯扎氯铵是目前眼科制剂中最广泛使用的防腐剂之一,但是,苯扎氯铵及其他小分子季铵盐化合物长期使用会引起眼睛刺激过敏,毒副作用越来越凸显。聚己亚甲基双胍盐酸盐(PHMB)是近来在眼科制剂中使用逐渐增多的防腐剂,但它对真菌及病毒的抑制有效性遭到质疑,特别是对磷酸盐作为pH缓冲剂的油水两相滴眼乳液,问题更加凸显。
中国专利109068638A公布了聚季铵盐-1、聚季铵盐-10和聚季铵盐-42与多元醇防腐组合物在水溶性滴眼液中的应用。虽说聚季铵盐-1、聚季铵盐-10和聚季铵盐-42在水溶液中的防腐性能相差不大,但是,由于聚季铵盐-1与其他两个聚季铵盐化合物亲水亲油平衡值(HLB)性质的不同,其在含油水两相的纳米乳液组合物中的防腐效果也不同。
现有滴眼液pH缓冲剂一般包括硼酸盐,氨基酸盐和磷酸盐等,而对于磷酸缓冲体系而言,由于其本身性能所限,对防腐剂有效性要求更高。本发明是研发了一种适用于磷酸乳液体系滴眼液防腐剂组合物。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述包括聚季铵盐-1组合物的应用。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:
一种包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,包括:
1)所述组合物总质量的0.0005-0.05%的聚季铵盐-1;
2)所述组合物总质量的0.1-0.8%的磷酸盐;
3)所述组合物总质量的0.001-0.1%的螯合剂;
4)所述组合物总质量的0.10-1.5%的表面活性剂;
5)所述组合物总质量的0.25-7.5%的油相;
6)所述组合物总质量的0.10-5.0%的渗透压调节剂。
进一步地讲,所述的磷酸盐为磷酸氢二钠和/或磷酸二氢钠。
所述的磷酸盐包括所述组合物总质量的0.07-0.60%的磷酸氢二钠,和所述组合物总质量的0.03-0.20%的磷酸二氢钠。
所述的螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸盐,比如乙二胺四乙酸二钠(Na2EDTA)、乙二胺四乙酸二钾(K2EDTA)、乙二胺四乙酸镁(MgEDTA)等等。
所述的表面活性剂为吐温或辛基酚聚醚-40(OP-40),其中吐温包括吐温-20、吐温-40、吐温-60、吐温-80。
所述的油相包括矿物油、中链甘油三酯(MCT)或蓖麻油及其衍生物。
所述的渗透压调节剂包括甘油,丙二醇,山梨醇,甘露醇等等。
更进一步地,本发明还提供了上述包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物在眼科溶液制备中的应用。
所述包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物在制备眼外清洗剂中的应用。
所述包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物在制备眼内滴眼液中的应用。
本发明组合物包括了上述各组分,余量为水,其中聚季铵盐-1相比聚季铵盐-10和聚季铵盐-42,其毒性更低,过敏刺激副作用相对更弱,非常适用于在治疗干眼症、青光眼等眼科溶液中使用。本发明组合物为油水两相乳液组合物,通过大量试验发现,由于聚季铵盐-10和聚季铵盐-42其本身较强的亲水性质,导致他们并不适合油水两相乳液的防腐应用,在本发明磷酸缓冲乳液体系中,聚季铵盐-1表现出了良好的HLB性,使得组合物中即使没有苯扎氯铵,山梨酸,硼酸及其盐等防腐剂的存在,聚季铵盐-1化合物对纳米乳剂溶液也能达到美国药典(USP),欧洲药典(EP)等防腐抑菌要求标准。
综上所述,聚季铵盐-1可以作为磷酸缓冲乳液体系的眼科溶液的防腐剂,为眼内滴眼液以及眼外清洗消毒液的研发取得了更多选择。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明
实施例1
组合物各组分的含量如下表,包括
化合物 | 实验组 | 对比组1 | 对比组2 | 对比组3 |
Na<sub>2</sub>EDTA | 0.01% | 0.01% | 0.01% | 0.01% |
甘油 | 2.40% | 2.40% | 2.40% | 2.40% |
Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> | 0.25% | 0.25% | 0.25% | 0.25% |
NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> | 0.03% | 0.03% | 0.03% | 0.03% |
PHMB | 0.001% | |||
聚季铵盐-1 | 0.001% | |||
聚季铵盐-10 | 0.001% | |||
聚季铵盐-42 | 0.001% | |||
药典纯水 | 添加到100克 | 添加到100克 | 添加到100克 | 添加到100克 |
轻质矿物油 | 4.50% | 4.50% | 4.50% | 4.50% |
矿物油 | 1.00% | 1.00% | 1.00% | 1.00% |
吐温-80 | 0.40% | 0.40% | 0.40% | 0.40% |
辛基酚聚醚-40 | 0.30% | 0.30% | 0.30% | 0.30% |
将通过上述各组合物制得的滴眼乳液按照美国药典(USP)标准进行防腐剂有效性检测实验(PET,美国药典51章检测方法),测得实验组符合标准,而对比1-3均不达标,说明实验组滴眼乳液抑菌效果最好。
将制得的4种滴眼乳液分别对兔子眼睛进行Draize眼刺激性试验,结果显示实验组为1.65,对比组1为5.8,对比组2为6.4,对比组3位1.78。说明实验组滴眼乳液眼睛过敏刺激毒副作用最低。
滴眼乳液制备方法:
将乳剂油相和水相分别加热,快速机械搅拌下将油相缓慢倒入水相,使得表面活性剂分别溶解于油相和水相,继续搅拌,然后通过高剪切均质混合45-70分钟,以使油滴尽量减小,即得。
实施例2
制备含有0.001%的聚季铵盐-1, 0.16%的磷酸氢二钠,0.02%的磷酸二氢钠,0.005%的乙二胺四乙酸盐,0.50%的表面活性剂吐温,2.5%的中链甘油三酯,0.1%的渗透压调节剂丙二醇的组合物1,余量为水;
制备含有0.001%的聚季铵盐-10,0.16%的磷酸盐钠,0.02%的磷酸二氢钠, 0.005%的乙二胺四乙酸盐,0.50%的表面活性剂吐温,2.5%的中链甘油三酯,0.1%的渗透压调节剂丙二醇的组合物2,余量为水;
制备含有0.001%的聚季铵盐-42,0.16%的磷酸盐钠,0.02%的磷酸二氢钠, 0.005%的乙二胺四乙酸盐,0.50%的表面活性剂吐温,2.5%的中链甘油三酯,0.1%的渗透压调节剂丙二醇的组合物3,余量为水;
制备含有0.001%的PHMB,0.16%的磷酸盐钠,0.02%的磷酸二氢钠,0.005%的乙二胺四乙酸盐,0.50%的表面活性剂吐温,2.5%的中链甘油三酯,0.1%的渗透压调节剂丙二醇的组合物4,余量为水。
按照美国药典(USP)第51章微生物检测方法测定抑菌效果,显示只有含0.001%的聚季铵盐-1的乳液检测合格,其他三种乳液均不合格。
实施例3
组合物各组分的含量如下表,包括
化合物 | 组1 | 组2 | 组3 | 组4 |
螯合剂 | 0.01% | 0.005% | 0.1% | 0.001% |
调节剂 | 2.40% | 0.15% | 1.50% | 4.00% |
Na<sub>2</sub>HPO<sub>4</sub> | 0.10% | 0.20% | 0.45% | 0.25% |
NaH<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> | 0.03% | 0.05% | 0.05% | 0.15% |
聚季铵盐-1 | 0.0005% | 0.001% | 0.001% | 0.05% |
药典纯水 | 添加到100克 | 添加到100克 | 添加到100克 | 添加到100克 |
油相 | 1.00% | 0.25% | 2.50% | 6.50% |
表面活性剂 | 0.15% | 0.20% | 0.40% | 1.30% |
其中组1和组2的螯合剂乙二胺四乙酸二钠Na2EDTA、组3的螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸二钾K2EDTA、组4的螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸镁MgEDTA;
组1的调节剂为甘油,组2的调节剂为丙二醇,组3的调节剂为山梨醇,组4的调节剂为甘露醇;
组1、2的油相为矿物油、组3的油相为中链甘油三酯(MCT)、组3的油相为PEG-35蓖麻油;
组1的表面活性剂为辛基酚聚醚-40(OP-40),组2-4的表面活性剂为吐温类。
制备方法:将含表面活性剂的油相和水相分别加热,快速机械搅拌下将油相缓慢倒入水相,继续搅拌使得油相和水相充分混合,然后通过高剪切均质混合45-70分钟,以使油滴尽量减小,即得。
将通过上述各组分制得的眼药溶液分别对兔子眼睛进行Draize眼刺激性试验,结果显示组1为1.60,组2为1.61,组3为1.62,组4为1.76,即上述眼药溶液即可安全作为眼内滴眼液使用,也可以作为眼外洗眼液使用。
以上所述的,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (10)
1.一种包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,其特征在于,包括:
1)所述组合物总质量的0.0005-0.05%的聚季铵盐-1;
2)所述组合物总质量的0.1-0.8%的磷酸盐;
3)所述组合物总质量的0.001-0.1%的螯合剂;
4)所述组合物总质量的0.10-1.5%的表面活性剂;
5)所述组合物总质量的0.25-7.5%的油相;
6)所述组合物总质量的0.10-5.0%的渗透压调节剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的磷酸盐为磷酸氢二钠和/或磷酸二氢钠。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的磷酸盐包括所述组合物总质量的0.07-0.60%的磷酸氢二钠,和所述组合物总质量的0.03-0.20%的磷酸二氢钠。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的螯合剂为乙二胺四乙酸盐,包括乙二胺四乙酸二钠Na2EDTA、乙二胺四乙酸二钾K2EDTA、或乙二胺四乙酸镁MgEDTA。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,其特征在于所述的表面活性剂为吐温或辛基酚聚醚-40。
6.根据权利要求5所述的包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的油相包括矿物油、中链甘油三酯或蓖麻油及其衍生物。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的包括聚季铵盐-1的组合物,其特征在于,所述的渗透压调节剂包括甘油,丙二醇,山梨醇或甘露醇。
8.权利要求1-8任意一项组合物在眼科溶液制备中的应用。
9.权利要求1-8任意一项组合物在制备眼外清洗剂中的应用。
10.权利要求1-8任意一项组合物在制备眼内滴眼液中的应用。
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