CN113142351B - Health vine tea and its production process - Google Patents
Health vine tea and its production process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113142351B CN113142351B CN202110372783.6A CN202110372783A CN113142351B CN 113142351 B CN113142351 B CN 113142351B CN 202110372783 A CN202110372783 A CN 202110372783A CN 113142351 B CN113142351 B CN 113142351B
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N Selenium Chemical compound [Se] BUGBHKTXTAQXES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 121
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 241001018563 Nekemias grossedentata Species 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 39
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- QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;hydron;chloride Chemical compound Cl.OCC(N)(CO)CO QKNYBSVHEMOAJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- 208000031226 Hyperlipidaemia Diseases 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000003915 Lophatherum gracile Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000082204 Phyllostachys viridis Species 0.000 description 2
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- MGJZITXUQXWAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)iminoazanium Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1N=[N+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 MGJZITXUQXWAKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000219094 Vitaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KQILIWXGGKGKNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydromyricetin Natural products OC1C(=C(Oc2cc(O)cc(O)c12)c3cc(O)c(O)c(O)c3)O KQILIWXGGKGKNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/34—Tea substitutes, e.g. matè; Extracts or infusions thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The application discloses health-care vine tea and a production process thereof. The production process of the health vine tea mainly comprises the following steps: s1, picking: picking fresh leaves of ampelopsis grossedentata, and washing the fresh leaves with clear water to obtain pretreated ampelopsis grossedentata tea; s2, enzyme deactivation: placing the pretreated vine tea leaves in a de-enzyming machine for de-enzyming treatment until the water content of the de-enzymed vine tea leaves is 50-70wt%; s3, sterilizing: placing the de-enzymed vine tea leaves in steam for sterilization; s4, fermenting: soaking sterilized vine tea leaves in the selenium-rich fermentation mixed liquor for fermentation; s5, drying: drying the fermented vine tea until the water content is 3-7wt% to obtain the health vine tea. The health-care vine tea prepared by the application has rich selenium, and can also remove free radicals in the body and has the efficacy of reducing blood fat and protecting health.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of tea preparation, in particular to health-care vine tea and a production process thereof.
Background
Ampelopsis grossedentata of Vitaceae is a dual-purpose plant of medicinal tea, and has effects of inhibiting bacteria, clearing heat and detoxicating, preventing common cold, resisting cancer, relieving pain, resisting oxidation, protecting liver, lowering blood sugar and blood lipid, etc. Vine tea is processed from tender stem buds or leaves of ampelopsis grossedentata, and has become a very popular tea drink. There have been many researches on the nutritive value of vine tea, the extraction process of flavone and polysaccharide, and their physiological activities. However, little research has been conducted on how to increase selenium content in vine tea and to increase the health and nutritional value of vine tea.
The Chinese patent 201910194336.9 discloses a selenium-enriched fermented glutinous rice dumpling vine tea and a preparation method thereof, and adopts the following technical scheme: (1) picking fresh leaves: picking fresh rice dumpling leaves, fresh bamboo fungus or fresh lophatherum gracile and fresh rattan tea grown in selenium-rich soil, and respectively cleaning, deactivating enzymes, kneading, shaping and drying according to different plant characteristics; (2) vat fermentation: and stacking the dried Zongzi leaves, rattan tea leaves, bamboo fungus or lophatherum gracile in turn from bottom to top into a vat for fermentation to prepare the selenium-enriched fermented Zongzi xiang rattan tea. The technical problem to be solved in practice is that the prepared vine tea has the faint scent of the selenium-rich Zongzi fragrance, and is favorable for human body absorption.
Although the patent solves the taste problem of vine tea, no study is made on how to increase the selenium content in vine tea, and whether the vine tea can have the effects of reducing blood fat, removing free radicals in vivo and the like is not studied, so that the application of the vine tea is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the application provides health vine tea and a production process thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the application adopts the following technical scheme:
a production process of health vine tea comprises the following steps:
s1, picking: picking fresh leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata, washing with clear water, spreading and placing in shade for 20-40h to obtain pretreated Ampelopsis grossedentata tea;
s2, enzyme deactivation: placing the pretreated vine tea leaves in a de-enzyming machine with the temperature of 130-160 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400-600rpm for de-enzyming treatment until the water content of the de-enzymed vine tea leaves is 50-70wt%;
s3, sterilizing: sterilizing the de-enzymed vine tea leaves with steam at 100-130deg.C for 2-5min;
s4, fermenting: soaking sterilized vine tea leaves in a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the vine tea leaves to the selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution is 1 (10-25), and fermenting for 2-8 days at the relative humidity of 60-70% and the temperature of 30-55 ℃ to obtain fermented vine tea leaves;
s5, drying: and (3) drying the fermented vine tea leaves under the conditions of 60-80% of relative humidity and 35-55 ℃ and turning the tea leaves once every 0.5-1.5h until the water content is 3-7wt% to obtain the health vine tea.
Preferably, the production process of the health vine tea comprises the following steps of:
s1, pretreatment: 25-30 days before picking ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves, controlling the growth temperature of the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves at 20-30 ℃, and spraying selenium-rich nutrient solution on the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves once every other day at 4-6 pm, wherein the spraying amount is that 60-120L of selenium-rich nutrient solution is sprayed per mu;
s2, picking: picking fresh leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata sprayed with selenium-rich nutrient solution, washing with clear water, spreading and placing in shade for 20-40h to obtain pretreated Ampelopsis grossedentata tea;
s3, enzyme deactivation: placing the pretreated vine tea leaves in a de-enzyming machine with the temperature of 130-160 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400-600rpm for de-enzyming treatment until the water content of the de-enzymed vine tea leaves is 50-70wt%;
s4, sterilizing: sterilizing the de-enzymed vine tea leaves with steam at 100-130deg.C for 2-5min;
s5, fermenting: soaking sterilized vine tea leaves in a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the vine tea leaves to the selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution is 1 (10-25), and fermenting for 2-8 days at the relative humidity of 60-70% and the temperature of 30-55 ℃ to obtain fermented vine tea leaves;
s6, drying: and (3) drying the fermented vine tea leaves under the conditions of 60-80% of relative humidity and 35-55 ℃ and turning the tea leaves once every 0.5-1.5h until the water content is 3-7wt% to obtain the health vine tea.
The preparation method of the selenium-enriched nutrient solution in the step S1 comprises the following steps: mixing 2-7 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 1-3 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 5-18 parts by weight of citric acid, 10-20 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate, 5-12 parts by weight of selenomethionine, 0.5-2 parts by weight of absorption promoter and 80-120 parts by weight of water, and stirring at 100-300rpm for 2-5min at room temperature to obtain the selenium-enriched nutrient solution.
The first core point of the application is that pretreatment is carried out before picking, selenium-rich nutrient solution is sprayed on fresh leaves of ampelopsis grossedentata, and inorganic selenium salt is directly sprayed, so that the inorganic selenium salt is not easy to be absorbed and converted by plants, a large amount of unabsorbed sodium selenite can pollute soil, water bodies and surrounding environment, in addition, the sodium selenite has toxicity, and sodium selenite remained on the surfaces of plants can cause certain damage to human health.
Therefore, the application is characterized in that the inorganic selenium salt is firstly converted into organic selenium which is easy to be absorbed by plants, and the utilization rate of the fresh leaves of the ampelopsis grossedentata on selenium is improved. Specifically, citric acid is added into the selenium-rich nutrient solution, and under the acidic condition of the citric acid, the citric acid is complexed with sodium selenite to obtain organic selenium, under the action of an absorbent-promoting octyl glucoside, the surface of a leaf surface is wetted and permeated, and ferrous sulfate can increase the permeability of cells, so that capillary holes of the leaf surface can be opened, the absorption of the selenium-rich nutrient solution is promoted, and the organic selenium content in fresh leaves of ampelopsis grossedentata is increased.
The absorption promoting agent is octyl glucoside or polyvinyl alcohol; preferably, the absorption enhancer is octyl glucoside.
The preparation method of the selenium-enriched fermentation mixed liquor comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 2-5 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 5-15 parts by weight of glucose, 1-6 parts by weight of corn flour, 100-400 parts by weight of water, 2-6 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 1-3 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate and 5-10 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus extract, sterilizing at 100-130 ℃ for 20-50min, cooling to room temperature to obtain a selenium-enriched culture medium, adding 5-10wt% zymophyte of the selenium-enriched culture medium, and culturing at 25-35 ℃ for 16-24h at pH=4.0-7.0 to obtain a selenium-enriched fermentation mixed solution.
The zymophyte is selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum and/or orange thermophilic ascomycetes; preferably, the zymophyte is prepared from selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum and orange thermophilic ascomycetes according to the mass ratio of (1-5): 1.
The preparation method of the cyclocarya paliurus extract comprises the following steps: cleaning cyclocarya paliurus leaves with deionized water, air-drying, pulverizing, sieving with a 30-60 mesh sieve, taking 40-60 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus leaves powder, adding 80-150 parts by weight of deionized water and 0.1-1 part by weight of cellulase, adjusting pH to 4.5-6, stirring at 200-500rpm and 30-40 ℃ for 3-10min, extracting at 40-50 ℃ with ultrasonic power of 100-200W and ultrasonic frequency of 20-40kHz for 20-50min, filtering to obtain primary filtrate and primary filter residue, adding 5-15wt% of citric acid ethanol solution of the primary filter residue into the primary filter residue, stirring at 45-55 ℃ for 3-5h at 200-400rpm to obtain secondary filtrate and secondary filter residue, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, and rotationally evaporating and concentrating to 1/20-1/10 of the original mass under the conditions of absolute pressure of 0.04-0.06MPa and 45-55 ℃ and 30-60rpm to obtain cyclocarya paliurus extract.
The second core point of the application is that the selenium content and the content of antioxidant polysaccharide in vine tea are further improved in the fermentation process, and the pretreated sprayed selenium-rich nutrient solution can not fully contact the sodium selenite solution on tea with selenium-rich Eurotium cristatum, and the selenium-rich Eurotium cristatum has the advantages of promoting the utilization rate of the vine tea on organic selenium, improving the yield of converting inorganic selenium into organic selenium, greatly improving the bioavailability of selenium and improving the utilization rate of raw materials.
The cyclocarya paliurus contains rich flavone, polysaccharide and trace elements such as potassium, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, iron, copper, chromium, zinc, selenium and the like, the flavone and the polysaccharide in the extract have obvious activities of reducing blood sugar, scavenging free radicals, resisting oxidation and resisting bacteria, and the selenium-rich Eurotium cristatum is added in the fermentation process, so that inorganic selenium in the cyclocarya paliurus can be converted into organic selenium, and meanwhile, the cyclocarya paliurus extract can be fully introduced into vine tea to be soaked together with the active ingredients in the vine tea when the cyclocarya paliurus is brewed, and the method is simple and easy to operate.
The health-care vine tea is produced by adopting the process.
The application has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the application, the selenium-rich nutrient solution is sprayed on the fresh leaves of the ampelopsis grossedentata before picking, so that the absorption rate of selenium in the fresh leaves of the ampelopsis grossedentata is increased in the growth process, the selenium content in the fresh leaves of the ampelopsis grossedentata is increased, and the quality of the health-care ampelopsis grossedentata is ensured.
2. According to the application, the citric acid is added into the selenium-rich nutrient solution, so that inorganic selenium can be effectively complexed into organic selenium, the absorptivity of the leaf surface is improved, and the absorption promoting agent is added, so that the wettability and permeability of the leaf surface are improved, and the absorptivity of the selenium-rich nutrient solution is further improved.
3. The selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum, the orange thermophilic ascomycetes and the cyclocarya paliurus extract are added into the selenium-enriched fermentation mixed liquid in the fermentation step, so that the absorption rate of selenium and the cyclocarya paliurus extract on polysaccharide, flavone and trace elements in the cyclocarya paliurus extract in the fermentation process of the vine tea can be effectively promoted, the selenium content in the vine tea and the absorption of active substances in the cyclocarya paliurus extract are improved, and the selenium content in the vine tea, the absorption of polysaccharide and flavone substances are further improved.
4. The health-care vine tea disclosed by the application does not generate any harmful substances from raw materials to processing, so that the health-care vine tea disclosed by the application has abundant selenium, and meanwhile, the free radical clearance rate can be increased, and the health-care vine tea has the effects of reducing blood fat.
Detailed Description
The above summary of the present application is described in further detail below in conjunction with the detailed description, but it should not be understood that the scope of the above-described subject matter of the present application is limited to the following examples.
Introduction of partial raw materials in the application:
the fresh leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata in the examples were planted in the town of the Yangfeng county, enshi, hubei.
Examples sodium selenite was purchased from wuhan poly-lautus biotechnology, inc, CAS:10102-18-8, food grade.
Glucose was purchased from atanan Ming Feng Biotech Co., ltd., CAS:50-99-7, goods number: 89-454, the content is: 99% of food grade.
Examples corn flour was purchased from Shaanxi North Biotechnology Inc., cat#: 20201103, content: 60 percent of food grade.
In the examples, citric acid was purchased from atanan qinghai chemical company, CAS:77-92-9, model: 121, food grade.
Selenomethionine in the examples was purchased from Jiangsu Miao biosciences, inc., cat No.: fdqwrq, content: 99% of food grade.
In the examples, ammonium sulfate was purchased from Hongshan bioengineering Co., ltd., anhui, CAS:7783-20-2, cat No.: 1236498975126, food grade.
In the examples ferrous sulfate was purchased from Hubei Xingzhou scientific Co., ltd., CAS:7720-78-7, food grade.
In the examples octyl glucoside was purchased from Jiangsu Aofu Biotech Co., ltd., product number: sd9+800, active substance content: 99.9%.
In the examples, the polyvinyl alcohol was purchased from Jiangsu Xuan fine chemical Co., ltd, and the molecular weight was: 2 ten thousand g/mol, food grade.
The selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum in the examples is purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) with the preservation number of 15395.
The orange thermophilic ascomycetes are purchased from China general microbiological culture Collection center (CGMCC) with the preservation number of CGMCC No.3.17992.
In the examples, the cellulase has an enzyme activity of 3.0 ten thousand U/g.
In the examples, cyclocarya paliurus leaves are purchased from Bozhou benevolence Chinese medicinal materials sales limited company, purity: 100%.
Example 1
A production process of health vine tea comprises the following steps:
s1, picking: picking fresh leaves of ampelopsis grossedentata, washing the fresh leaves with clear water, spreading and placing the fresh leaves in a shade place for 24 hours to obtain pretreated ampelopsis grossedentata tea;
s2, enzyme deactivation: placing the pretreated vine tea leaves in a de-enzyming machine with the temperature of 140 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500rpm for de-enzyming treatment until the water content of the de-enzymed vine tea leaves is 60wt%;
s3, sterilizing: sterilizing the de-enzymed vine tea leaves with steam at 120 ℃ for 4min;
s4, fermenting: soaking sterilized vine tea leaves in a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the vine tea leaves to the selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution is 1:15, and fermenting for 5 days at the relative humidity of 65% and the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain fermented vine tea leaves;
s5, drying: and (3) drying the fermented vine tea under the conditions of 70% of relative humidity and 50 ℃ of temperature, and turning the tea once every 1h until the water content is 5wt% to obtain the health vine tea.
The preparation method of the selenium-enriched fermentation mixed liquor comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 4 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 10 parts by weight of glucose, 3 parts by weight of corn flour, 200 parts by weight of deionized water, 5 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate and 2 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate to obtain a selenium-rich culture medium, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling to room temperature, adding 8wt% of zymocyte of the selenium-rich culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 20h at pH=5.0 to obtain a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution; the zymophyte is prepared from selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum.
Example 2
A production process of health vine tea comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment: 28 days before picking ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves, controlling the growth temperature of the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves at 25 ℃, and spraying selenium-rich nutrient solution on the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves once every other day at 5 pm, wherein the spraying amount is 80L of selenium-rich nutrient solution per mu;
s2, picking: picking fresh leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata sprayed with selenium-rich nutrient solution, washing with clear water, spreading and standing in shade for 24h to obtain pretreated Ampelopsis grossedentata tea;
s3, enzyme deactivation: placing the pretreated vine tea leaves in a de-enzyming machine with the temperature of 140 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500rpm for de-enzyming treatment until the water content of the de-enzymed vine tea leaves is 60wt%;
s4, sterilizing: sterilizing the de-enzymed vine tea leaves with steam at 120 ℃ for 4min;
s5, fermenting: soaking sterilized vine tea leaves in a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the vine tea leaves to the selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution is 1:15, and fermenting for 5 days at the relative humidity of 65% and the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain fermented vine tea leaves;
s6, drying: and (3) drying the fermented vine tea under the conditions of 70% of relative humidity and 50 ℃ of temperature, and turning the tea once every 1h until the water content is 5wt% to obtain the health vine tea.
The preparation method of the selenium-enriched nutrient solution comprises the following steps: mixing 4 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 2 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 8 parts by weight of citric acid, 15 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts by weight of selenomethionine, 1 part by weight of absorption promoter and 100 parts by weight of deionized water, and stirring at 200rpm for 3min at room temperature to obtain a selenium-rich nutrient solution;
the absorption promoting agent is octyl glucoside;
the preparation method of the selenium-enriched fermentation mixed liquor comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 4 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 10 parts by weight of glucose, 3 parts by weight of corn flour, 200 parts by weight of deionized water, 5 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate and 2 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate to obtain a selenium-rich culture medium, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling to room temperature, adding 8wt% of zymocyte of the selenium-rich culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 20h at pH=5.0 to obtain a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution; the zymophyte is selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum.
Example 3
Substantially the same as in example 2, the only difference is that: the absorption promoting agent is polyvinyl alcohol.
Example 4
A production process of health vine tea comprises the following steps:
s1, pretreatment: 28 days before picking ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves, controlling the growth temperature of the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves at 25 ℃, and spraying selenium-rich nutrient solution on the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves once every other day at 5 pm, wherein the spraying amount is 80L of selenium-rich nutrient solution per mu;
s2, picking: picking fresh leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata sprayed with selenium-rich nutrient solution, washing with clear water, spreading and standing in shade for 24h to obtain pretreated Ampelopsis grossedentata tea;
s3, enzyme deactivation: placing the pretreated vine tea leaves in a de-enzyming machine with the temperature of 140 ℃ and the rotating speed of 500rpm for de-enzyming treatment until the water content of the de-enzymed vine tea leaves is 60wt%;
s4, sterilizing: sterilizing the de-enzymed vine tea leaves with steam at 120 ℃ for 4min;
s5, fermenting: soaking sterilized vine tea leaves in a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the vine tea leaves to the selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution is 1:15, and fermenting for 5 days at the relative humidity of 65% and the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain fermented vine tea leaves;
s6, drying: and (3) drying the fermented vine tea under the conditions of 70% of relative humidity and 50 ℃ of temperature, and turning the tea once every 1h until the water content is 5wt% to obtain the health vine tea.
The preparation method of the selenium-enriched nutrient solution comprises the following steps: mixing 4 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 2 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 8 parts by weight of citric acid, 15 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate, 8 parts by weight of selenomethionine, 1 part by weight of absorption promoter and 100 parts by weight of deionized water, and stirring at 200rpm for 3min at room temperature to obtain a selenium-rich nutrient solution;
the absorption promoting agent is octyl glucoside;
the preparation method of the selenium-enriched fermentation mixed liquor comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 4 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 10 parts by weight of glucose, 3 parts by weight of corn flour, 200 parts by weight of deionized water, 5 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate and 8 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus extract to obtain a selenium-enriched culture medium, sterilizing at 121 ℃ for 30min, cooling to room temperature, adding 8wt% of zymocyte of the selenium-enriched culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 20h at pH=5.0 to obtain a selenium-enriched fermentation mixed solution.
The zymophyte is selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum;
the preparation method of the cyclocarya paliurus extract comprises the following steps: cleaning cyclocarya paliurus leaves with deionized water, air-drying, pulverizing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, taking 50 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus leaves powder, adding 100 parts by weight of deionized water and 0.5 part by weight of cellulase, adjusting pH to 5.0, stirring at 300rpm and 35 ℃ for 5min, extracting at 45 ℃ with ultrasonic power of 150W and ultrasonic frequency of 25kHz for 30min, filtering to obtain primary filtrate and primary filter residue, adding 8wt% citric acid ethanol solution of the primary filter residue into the primary filter residue, stirring at 50 ℃ for 4h at 300rpm, filtering to obtain secondary filtrate and secondary filter residue, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filter residue, and rotationally evaporating and concentrating to 1/15 of the original mass under the conditions of absolute pressure of 0.05MPa and 50rpm to obtain cyclocarya paliurus extract.
Example 5
Substantially the same as in example 4, the only difference is that: the zymophyte is orange thermophilic ascomycetes.
Comparative example 1
Substantially the same as in example 4, the only difference is that:
the preparation method of the selenium-enriched fermentation mixed liquor comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 4 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 10 parts by weight of glucose, 3 parts by weight of corn flour, 200 parts by weight of deionized water, 5 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 2 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate and 8 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus extract to obtain a selenium-enriched culture medium, and culturing at 30 ℃ for 20 hours at pH=5.0 to obtain a selenium-enriched fermentation mixed solution.
Comparative example 2
Substantially the same as in example 4, the only difference is that:
the preparation method of the cyclocarya paliurus extract comprises the following steps: cleaning cyclocarya paliurus leaves with deionized water, air-drying, pulverizing, sieving with a 40-mesh sieve, taking 50 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus leaves powder, adding 100 parts by weight of deionized water and 0.5 part by weight of cellulase, stirring at 300rpm and 35 ℃ for 5min, adjusting pH to 5.0, extracting at 45 ℃ with ultrasonic power of 150W and ultrasonic frequency of 25kHz for 30min, filtering to obtain filtrate and filter residue, and rotationally evaporating and concentrating the filtrate to 1/15 of the original mass under the conditions of absolute pressure of 0.05MPa and 50 ℃ and 50rpm to obtain cyclocarya paliurus extract.
Example 6
Substantially the same as in example 4, the only difference is that: the zymophyte consists of selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum and orange thermophilic ascomycetes in a mass ratio of 3:1.
Test example 1
And (3) measuring the total selenium content of the health vine tea: referring to Chen Yongbo et al, "evaluation of extraction rate and effectiveness of selenium in selenium-enriched tea", 1g of healthy vine tea sample in examples 1-6 and comparative examples 1-2 was weighed into a small beaker, extracted 3 times with boiling ultrapure water, 100ml of water was added each time, the extraction time was 10min, 2 times of extraction were performed in parallel, and the 3 times of extraction solutions were combined, and the total selenium content in vine tea was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 determination of total selenium content of healthy vine tea
| Total selenium content (mg/kg) | |
| Example 1 | 1.23 |
| Example 2 | 2.36 |
| Example 3 | 2.22 |
| Example 4 | 2.78 |
| Example 5 | 2.67 |
| Example 6 | 2.95 |
| Comparative example 1 | 2.51 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.59 |
From the above results, it is clear that, in comparative examples 1-2, example 2 sprays selenium-rich nutrient solution to the growing ampelopsis grossedentata tea before spraying and picking, so that the absorption of organic selenium can be well promoted, and in comparative examples 2-3, the absorption of selenium by different absorption promoters added in the selenium-rich nutrient solution is different, and in example 2, octyl glucoside is adopted as the absorption promoter, so that the surface of the ampelopsis grossedentata tea can be wetted, the effect of permeation can be achieved, and when ferrous sulfate increases the permeability of cells, pores of the leaf surfaces can be opened, the absorption of the selenium-rich nutrient solution can be further promoted, and the organic selenium content in fresh leaves of the ampelopsis grossedentata can be further increased; in comparison example 4 and comparative example 1, in example 4, the addition of zymophyte in the selenium-rich fermentation mixed liquor can promote the conversion rate and the absorption rate of organic selenium, and the addition of cyclocarya paliurus extract in the fermentation process can also improve the selenium content, because cyclocarya paliurus extract also contains selenium element and is absorbed by vine tea in the fermentation process, thereby increasing the total selenium content of vine tea; finally, in the comparative examples 4-6, in the example 6, selenium-enriched Eurotium cristatum and orange thermophilic ascomycetes are adopted as zymophyte to play a role in synergy, so that the conversion and the absorption of selenium are promoted together, and the selenium and the orange thermophilic ascomycetes are synergistic, so that the content of organic selenium in vine tea is further improved.
Test example 2
Determination of DPPH free radical scavenging Activity: the colorimetric method is adopted for measurement, and the measurement principle is as follows: the DPPH free gene has single electron and has extremely strong absorption (dark purple) at 525nm, when free radical scavenger exists, the absorption gradually disappears due to pairing with the single electron, and the fading degree is quantitatively related to the number of electrons received by the free radical scavenger, so that the quantitative analysis can be performed by spectrophotometry. The higher the scavenging rate of the antioxidant for scavenging free radicals, the stronger the oxidation resistance of the antioxidant.
(1) Sample preparation: 1g of health vine tea of examples 2-6 and comparative example 2 is weighed, added with 30mL of deionized water at 98 ℃ and leached in a water bath at 98 ℃ for 30min, filtered by 300 mesh filter cloth while hot, and fixed to 50 mL.
(2) Reagent: 0.1mM DPPH-methanol solution, 0.05mol/L Tris-HCl buffer.
(3) The operation steps are as follows: sample tube: 2mL DPPH-methanol solution, 0.9mL Tris-HCl buffer and 0.5mL sample. Control tube: 2mL of DPPH-methanol solution, 0.9mL of buffer and 0.5mL of methanol. The distilled water pipe is zeroed. The sample was added and then reacted in the dark for 30min, and the absorbance was measured at 517 nm.
The calculation formula is as follows: clearance (%) = (control tube absorbance-sample tube absorbance)/control tube absorbance×100. The 4 groups were tested in parallel and the average was taken and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 determination of DPPH radical scavenging Activity
| DPPH radical scavenging Rate (%) | |
| Example 2 | 60.7 |
| Example 4 | 67.3 |
| Example 5 | 66.5 |
| Example 6 | 69.7 |
| Comparative example 2 | 64.2 |
From the above results, it is clear that the active ingredients such as dihydromyricetin and cyclocarya paliurus extract in the vine tea have strong free radical scavenging effect, the vine tea itself has strong free radical scavenging effect, and the specific comparison examples 2 and 4 show that the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the cyclocarya paliurus extract added in the example 4 is obviously higher than that of the cyclocarya paliurus extract not added in the example 2, and the reason is that the active ingredients such as phenols, terpenes, polysaccharides and the like in the cyclocarya paliurus extract have strong free radical scavenging effect, the vine tea absorbs the cyclocarya paliurus extract in the fermentation process, the active ingredients for scavenging the free radicals in the cyclocarya paliurus extract are leached out when the vine tea is brewed with boiled water, the comparison examples 4 and the comparison example 2 do not adopt secondary extraction when the cyclocarya paliurus extract, so that the content of the active ingredients in the cyclocarya paliurus extract is reduced, and the content of the active ingredients in the cyclocarya paliurus extract is correspondingly reduced when the cyclocarya paliurus extract is fermented, and the free radical scavenging effect is also reduced when the active ingredients in the cyclocarya paliurus extract are correspondingly reduced when the cyclocarya paliurus extract is fermented.
Test example 3
And (3) testing the blood lipid reducing effect: weighing 3g of health vine tea prepared in examples 2-6 and comparative examples 1-2, soaking in 100mL of 90 ℃ water for 10 minutes, filtering off tea, extracting for 3 times, retaining 3 times of filtrate, and concentrating the filtrate to a measurement volume of 5mL to obtain health vine tea concentrated solution. The hyperlipidemia rats are divided into 1 control group and 3 experimental groups, 30 animals in each group, and the weight of each group of hyperlipidemia rats is 150+/-2 g. The rats with the dosage of 3g/kg for 12h are respectively perfused with the concentrated solutions of the health-care vine tea of examples 4-5 and comparative example 2, and the control group is perfused with physiological saline with the dosage of 3g/kg, and the tail blood is collected on an empty stomach after continuous gastric lavage for 30 days, so that the cholesterol and triglyceride content in serum is measured. The experimental group and the control group have normal feeding conditions except for gastric lavage, and rats can freely take water and food. The reduction was calculated by comparing the serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels of the experimental and control groups after 30 days of gastric lavage. Cholesterol reduction amplitude= (average cholesterol content of control group-average cholesterol content of experimental group)/average cholesterol content of control group x 100%. Triglyceride reduction amplitude= (average content of triglycerides in control group-average content of triglycerides in experimental group)/average content of triglycerides in control group x 100%. The test results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 results of blood lipid lowering effect test
| Triglyceride reduction amplitude (%) | Cholesterol lowering level (%) | |
| Example 2 | 16.9 | 17.8 |
| Example 4 | 26.4 | 20.8 |
| Example 5 | 27.9 | 21.6 |
| Example 6 | 28.9 | 23.1 |
| Comparative example 1 | 20.4 | 18.5 |
| Comparative example 2 | 24.2 | 18.8 |
From the results, the active ingredient flavone in the vine tea can remove harmful ketone bodies of human bodies and remove blood scales in blood, so that the effect of regulating blood fat is achieved, and the polysaccharide in the cyclocarya paliurus extract has a good blood fat reducing function, and the cyclocarya paliurus extract is added in the embodiment 4, so that the polysaccharide in the cyclocarya paliurus extract is absorbed in the fermentation process of the vine tea, and is leached out when the vine tea is brewed, the flavone and the cyclocarya paliurus extract play a role of reducing the blood fat together, and have a good health care effect.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the application.
Claims (1)
1. The production process of the health vine tea is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, pretreatment: 25-30 days before picking ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves, controlling the growth temperature of the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves at 20-30 ℃, and spraying selenium-rich nutrient solution on the ampelopsis grossedentata tea leaves once every other day at 4-6 pm, wherein the spraying amount is that 60-120L of selenium-rich nutrient solution is sprayed per mu;
s2, picking: picking fresh leaves of Ampelopsis grossedentata sprayed with selenium-rich nutrient solution, washing with clear water, spreading and placing in shade for 20-40h to obtain pretreated Ampelopsis grossedentata tea;
s3, enzyme deactivation: placing the pretreated vine tea leaves in a de-enzyming machine with the temperature of 130-160 ℃ and the rotating speed of 400-600rpm for de-enzyming treatment until the water content of the de-enzymed vine tea leaves is 50-70wt%;
s4, sterilizing: sterilizing the de-enzymed vine tea leaves with steam at 100-130deg.C for 2-5min;
s5, fermenting: soaking sterilized vine tea leaves in a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution, wherein the mass ratio of the vine tea leaves to the selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution is 1 (10-25), and fermenting for 2-8 days at the relative humidity of 60-70% and the temperature of 30-55 ℃ to obtain fermented vine tea leaves;
s6, drying: drying fermented vine tea under the conditions of relative humidity of 60-80% and temperature of 35-55deg.C, and turning the tea once every 0.5-1.5 hr until the water content is 3-7wt% to obtain health vine tea;
the preparation method of the selenium-enriched nutrient solution in the step S1 comprises the following steps: mixing 2-7 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 1-3 parts by weight of ferrous sulfate, 5-18 parts by weight of citric acid, 10-20 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate, 5-12 parts by weight of selenomethionine, 0.5-2 parts by weight of absorption promoter and 80-120 parts by weight of water, and stirring at 100-300rpm for 2-5min at room temperature to obtain selenium-enriched nutrient solution; the absorption promoting agent is octyl glucoside;
the preparation method of the selenium-enriched fermentation mixed liquor comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing 2-5 parts by weight of sodium selenite, 5-15 parts by weight of glucose, 1-6 parts by weight of corn flour, 100-400 parts by weight of water, 2-6 parts by weight of ammonium sulfate, 1-3 parts by weight of monopotassium phosphate and 5-10 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus extract to obtain a selenium-rich culture medium, sterilizing at 100-130 ℃ for 20-50min, cooling to room temperature, adding 5-10wt% of zymophyte of the selenium-rich culture medium, and culturing at 25-35 ℃ for 16-24h at pH=4.0-7.0 to obtain a selenium-rich fermentation mixed solution;
the fermentation bacteria consist of Eurotium cristatum selenium-enriched and orange thermophilic ascomycetes according to the mass ratio of (1-5): 1;
the preparation method of the cyclocarya paliurus extract comprises the following steps: cleaning cyclocarya paliurus leaves with deionized water, air-drying, pulverizing, sieving with a 30-60 mesh sieve, taking 40-60 parts by weight of cyclocarya paliurus leaves powder, adding 80-150 parts by weight of deionized water and 0.1-1 part by weight of cellulase, adjusting pH to 4.5-6, stirring at 200-500rpm and 30-40 ℃ for 3-10min, extracting at 40-50 ℃ with ultrasonic power of 100-200W and ultrasonic frequency of 20-40kHz for 20-50min, filtering to obtain primary filtrate and primary filter residue, adding 5-15wt% of citric acid ethanol solution of the primary filter residue into the primary filter residue, stirring at 45-55 ℃ for 3-5h at 200-400rpm to obtain secondary filtrate and secondary filter residue, combining the primary filtrate and the secondary filtrate, and rotationally evaporating and concentrating to 1/20-1/10 of the original mass under the conditions of absolute pressure of 0.04-0.06MPa and 45-55 ℃ and 30-60rpm to obtain cyclocarya paliurus extract.
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| CN106922865A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-07 | 横县南方茶厂 | A kind of selenium-rich black tea and its processing method |
| CN108083950A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-29 | 宋厚鑫 | A kind of complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110050861A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-26 | 龚士华 | A kind of vine tea and its manufacture craft |
| CN112174737A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-05 | 河南华智营养科技有限公司 | Micro-fertilizer for foliar spraying of unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN112568437A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院(恩施土家族苗族自治州硒应用技术与产品开发研究院) | Extraction method of selenium polysaccharide in selenium-rich cyclocarya paliurus, selenium polysaccharide obtained by extraction method and application of selenium polysaccharide |
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| BRPI0812427A2 (en) * | 2007-06-08 | 2014-12-30 | Novozymes North America Inc | METHOD FOR PARODUCTING A MATERIAL FERMENTATION PRODUCT CONTAINING LIGNOCELLULOSIS, AND PROCESS TO PRODUCE A FERMENTATION PRODUCT OF A COMBINATION OF STARK CONTAINING MATERIAL AND MATERIAL CONTAINING LIGNOCELLULOSIS. |
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| CN106922865A (en) * | 2017-03-10 | 2017-07-07 | 横县南方茶厂 | A kind of selenium-rich black tea and its processing method |
| CN108083950A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-05-29 | 宋厚鑫 | A kind of complex fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN110050861A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-07-26 | 龚士华 | A kind of vine tea and its manufacture craft |
| CN112174737A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2021-01-05 | 河南华智营养科技有限公司 | Micro-fertilizer for foliar spraying of unmanned aerial vehicle |
| CN112568437A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-30 | 恩施土家族苗族自治州农业科学院(恩施土家族苗族自治州硒应用技术与产品开发研究院) | Extraction method of selenium polysaccharide in selenium-rich cyclocarya paliurus, selenium polysaccharide obtained by extraction method and application of selenium polysaccharide |
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