CN113141802A - Saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and saline-alkali soil salt suppression method - Google Patents
Saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and saline-alkali soil salt suppression method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN113141802A CN113141802A CN202011405965.0A CN202011405965A CN113141802A CN 113141802 A CN113141802 A CN 113141802A CN 202011405965 A CN202011405965 A CN 202011405965A CN 113141802 A CN113141802 A CN 113141802A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- salt
- saline
- liquid receiving
- soil column
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
Abstract
The invention relates to the field of saline-alkali soil treatment, in particular to a saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and a saline-alkali soil salt inhibition method. The soil column device comprises a soil column main body provided with a communicating pipe, a liquid receiving pool and the like; discloses a method for realizing salt suppression of saline-alkali soil by using a salt isolation layer, which comprises the following steps: different salt-separating layers are arranged at the same position of the soil column, the soil column is completely filled, and then the soil column is arranged in a liquid receiving pool filled with seawater. The soil column device can simulate the soil environment to the maximum extent, avoids damage of direct sunlight to the internal structure of the soil, and improves the simulation accuracy; can simulate the salt returning process of the saline-alkali soil. Meanwhile, the invention can reduce the accumulation speed of the bottom salt on the ground surface, and has the effect of inhibiting soil salt return; the salt-separating layer prepared by two kinds of solid wastes and biochar can achieve the effect of inhibiting salt return of soil, change waste into valuable and improve economic, social and environmental benefits. The invention has strong operability, good effect and high benefit, and can be popularized and used in a large range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of saline-alkali soil treatment, and particularly relates to a saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and a saline-alkali soil salt inhibition method.
Background
Soil salinization and secondary salinization are serious problems affecting agricultural production and ecological environment. At present, about 20 percent of cultivated land and nearly 50 percent of irrigated farmland all over the world are seriously affected by high-concentration saline and alkaline in soil. China is a big saline-alkali land, and according to incomplete statistics of textbook organization and grain agriculture organization of the united nations, the total area of the saline-alkali land in China is 9913 ten thousand hectares, which accounts for 10.4% of the total area of the saline-alkali land in the world.
The saline-alkali soil is a general term for soil containing excessive soluble salt and more exchangeable sodium ions. Along with the movement of capillary water inside soil and the evaporation of water on the surface layer of the soil, soil salt gradually moves to the surface layer of the soil from the bottom and accumulates. Meanwhile, under the influence of underground water level, saline-alkali soil often shows the characteristics of 'salt comes with water, salt goes with water' and the like. Therefore, soil salinity is a major limiting factor affecting the physicochemical properties of soil. Aiming at the formation characteristics of saline-alkali soil, namely that salt rises along with soil capillary water and accumulates on the ground surface, the cutting of part of soil capillaries is an effective way for effectively reducing soil salt return theoretically. Aiming at the theory, the probability of salt return of the soil can be effectively reduced by arranging an isolation layer in the saline-alkali soil or increasing the porosity of the soil.
Under such high frequency of vertical movement of soil salinity, the soil structure is destroyed, resulting in difficulty in survival of plants. Aiming at the characteristic, the migration condition of soil salt in the vertical direction becomes one of indexes for judging the properties of the saline-alkali soil.
Aiming at the current situations that the soil salinization degree of China is increasingly worsened, the farmland resources are in short supply day by day and the grain requirements are increasingly high, the method has very important significance for fundamentally reducing harmful substances in the saline-alkali soil and improving the physicochemical property of the saline-alkali soil. At present, indoor earth pillar experiment mainly utilizes the organic glass bucket to simulate, and the purpose is for the convenience of observing the soil structure, but its shortcoming is easily influenced by shining of sunlight or light, consequently can cause earth pillar environment and soil environment to have great difference, influences the experiment effect. Chinese utility model patent CN206627514U provides a soil column device of soil water salt migration law under research groundwater influence condition, including equipping and monitoring system with the earth pillar of window blind, the device can reduce the influence of factors such as illumination, temperature to test data, but the device is complicated, is difficult to develop large-scale experiment. Chinese patent CN108513753A discloses a salt-separating paper which uses kraft paper or corrugated paper as a carrier and uses several substances of methylcellulose, vinasse, sawdust and bacillus subtilis as salt-separating substances to further prepare the salt-separating paper which can play a salt-separating effect in soil. The method can play roles in buffering and blocking soil capillary action, reducing salt content and reducing cost, but has a short effect of a salt isolation layer. The Chinese invention patent CN109757144A discloses a method for improving coastal saline-alkali land, wherein slag, desulfurized gypsum and dry branches and fallen leaves are used as isolation layers. The method can prevent salt from accumulating upwards, but the soil resource is transferred by the soil dressing method, and a large amount of manpower and material resources are consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing device for simulating water and salt migration, the invention provides the simulating device which has wide application range and good simulating effect, can simulate the real environment in soil to a greater extent, is simple and convenient to operate, and is suitable for large-scale experiments in laboratories; meanwhile, the invention utilizes the device to invent a method capable of effectively inhibiting the soil from salt return, overcomes the defects of the prior art and has higher economic, environmental and social benefits.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention provides a soil column device for simulating the water and salt migration rule of saline-alkali soil in a laboratory and monitoring the improvement effect of each improvement measure on the physicochemical property of soil, which is characterized in that: the device comprises a liquid receiving pool and a soil column; the liquid receiving pool comprises a rectangular light-tight bottom box and a punching top cover; the soil column comprises a PVC cylindrical main body and a communicating pipe; the side surface of the soil column is connected with a communicating pipe, and the bottom of the soil column is sealed and then is perforated; the lower end of the soil column is placed in the liquid receiving pool.
The soil column main body is made of a PVC pipe, the diameter of the PVC pipe is 15-20 cm, the length of the PVC pipe is 60-120 cm, holes are formed in the side face of the pipe wall every 20cm from bottom to top, and the hole diameter is 2-4 cm.
Wherein, the bottom of the earth pillar main body is sealed, and a water inlet is arranged at a position 2cm away from the bottom.
Wherein, the water inlet diameter is 4~ 8mm, and the number of punching is 8~12, evenly distributed.
Wherein, the liquid receiving pool is a plastic box, a punching cover is arranged on the liquid receiving pool, and the aperture is the same as the pipe diameter of the soil column.
Wherein, the liquid receiving pool is filled with quantitative seawater.
The soil column communicating pipe is formed by directly forming PVC inner threads and outer threads, the diameter of the soil column communicating pipe is the same as that of a hole punched in a soil column main body, and a PVC pipe cap with a proper specification is attached.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, on the other hand, the soil column device is utilized to carry out an indoor experiment of inhibiting the salt return of the soil in a salt isolation layer so as to screen out the most effective salt inhibiting method for the saline-alkali soil. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) earth pillar device assembly
(2) Sampling saline-alkali soil on site, and sampling high-quality soil on site;
(3) filling and paving a saline-alkali soil layer in the soil column device;
(4) then filling and laying a salt isolation layer;
(5) filling and paving a high-quality soil layer;
(6) and placing the soil column main body in a liquid receiving pool.
Further, in the step (1), a space with flat ground, stable foundation and reasonable lighting is selected as an experimental site. The liquid receiving tank 5 is filled with a small amount of seawater and placed at a proper place. The outer thread is directly penetrated out from a sampling port on the side wall of the circular tube 1 of the main body of the earth pillar, the inner thread is directly screwed on the outer thread directly 6 from the outer side of the circular tube 1 of the main body of the earth pillar, and then the tube cap 8 is buckled on the outer side of the inner thread directly 7 and is pressed tightly.
Further, in the step (2), a five-point sampling method is adopted when sampling is carried out on the saline-alkali soil site and the high-quality soil site, and larger stones, biological tissues, plant tissues and the like are removed at the same time.
Further, in the step (3), the collected saline-alkali soil is uniformly mixed and then is laid at the bottom of the soil column, the laying thickness is 20cm, and the soil is compacted.
Further, in the step (4), different salt isolation layers are respectively added and are laid uniformly and then are compacted according to experimental setting.
Further, the salt-separating layer substances contained in the step (4) comprise iron tailings, straws and biochar.
Further, the particle size of the iron tailings in the step (4) is not more than 1cm, and the paving thickness is 5 cm.
Further, the straws in the step (4) are air-dried and crushed wheat straws, and the length of the crushed straws is less than 5 cm. Under the condition of not compacting, the laying thickness of the straw layer is 20 cm.
Further, the biochar in the step (4) is commercially available wheat straw biochar or biochar obtained by pyrolyzing wheat straws at 400 ℃. The laying thickness is 4-8 cm.
Further, in the step (5), the high-quality soil is uniformly mixed and then uniformly laid on the salt isolation layer and tightly pressed on the soil layer.
Further, after the soil column device is filled, the soil column is placed in a liquid receiving pool with a cover and filled with seawater, and data such as pH, salt content, water content and organic matters of soil at each position are sampled and measured through a sampling port.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) the soil column device can simulate the water and salt migration process of saline-alkali soil, explore the formation rule of the saline-alkali soil and provide an effective theoretical premise for improvement of the saline-alkali soil.
(2) The soil column device disclosed by the invention avoids the influence of illumination and temperature difference on the soil water and salt migration process, and restores the soil environment to a greater extent.
(3) The soil column device has wide material source and simple manufacturing process, and is convenient for large-scale experiments in laboratories.
(4) The saline-alkali soil salt isolation layer is composed of iron tailings, straws and biochar, wherein the iron tailings and the straws belong to solid waste and are one of the problems to be solved in the field of the environment at present. Therefore, the invention reduces the stockpiling amount of the iron tailings and the straws while inhibiting the salt return of the saline-alkali soil, and realizes various environmental benefits.
(5) The saline-alkali soil salt isolation layer comprises three materials of iron tailings, straws and biochar. The iron tailings have large specific surface area and porosity, and can increase the water holding capacity of soil and reduce the capillary action of the soil; the straws can be decomposed in the soil automatically, and a large amount of organic substances can be generated in the decomposition process, so that the content of soil nutrient substances is increased, and the soil fertility is improved; the biochar has good adsorption performance, and can adsorb toxic substances and partial salt in soil moisture, so that the salt in the soil is reduced.
(6) The saline-alkaline soil salt-separating layer can effectively reduce the salinization speed of soil and achieve the effect of inhibiting soil salt return.
(7) The saline-alkali soil salt-separating layer substance related by the invention has the advantages of wide source, low cost, high resource degree, good effect and wide application range.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a combination device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the soil column device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid receiving tank device according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is an enlarged view of the communicating tube structure of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the soil profile inside the soil column after the implementation of the invention.
Description of reference numerals: 1-earth pillar round tube; 2-communicating pipe; 3-small holes; 4-liquid receiving tank cover; 5-liquid receiving pool; 6-direct external thread of the communicating pipe; 7-direct connection of the inner wire of the communicating pipe; 8-pipe cap; 9-saline alkali soil layer; 10-salt-separating layer; 11-high-quality soil layer.
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in figure 1, the device for simulating the saline-alkali soil water and salt migration process mainly comprises a soil column main body 1, a communicating pipe 2 and a liquid receiving pool 5.
The earth pillar main part pipe 1 is white PVC material, and the bottom is sealed. Punching a small hole 3 at a position 2cm away from the bottom of a round pipe 1 of a main body of the earth pillar, wherein the hole diameter is 4-8 mm, and the number is 8-12; a plurality of sampling ports are arranged on the side wall of the circular tube 1 of the earth pillar main body according to test conditions, the aperture is 2-4 cm, and the sampling ports are connected with communicating tubes 2. The main body of the soil column is made of PVC material, has wide source, low cost, no pollution and stable structure, and simultaneously has good light shading performance, and can restore the original environment of soil to the maximum extent.
The communicating pipe comprises a PVC outer wire direct 6, a PVC inner wire direct 7 and a PVC pipe cap 8. The pipe diameter of the outer wire direct 6 and the pipe diameter of the inner wire direct 7 are the same as the diameter of the hole on the side wall of the circular pipe 1 of the soil column main body. The outer thread direct 6 penetrates out of the tube from the inner part of the round tube of the main body of the earth pillar, the inner thread direct 7 is screwed on the outer thread direct 6, and then the PVC tube cap 8 is tightly buckled on the inner thread direct 7. The post-installation structure of the earth pillar device is shown in figure 2. This communicating pipe adopts the PVC material and belongs to basic unit, has advantages such as wide, the easy operation of source, simultaneously, this communicating pipe has different specifications, can form seal structure with the earth pillar.
The liquid receiving device is as shown in fig. 3, and the liquid receiving tank cover 4 is arranged on the liquid receiving tank 5. And the liquid receiving tank cover 4 is perforated according to the pipe diameter of the soil column and is arranged on the liquid receiving tank 5. And a proper amount of seawater is filled in the liquid receiving tank 5, and the height of the seawater is higher than 2 cm. The height of the liquid receiving pool 5 is determined according to the height of a communicating pipe at the bottommost part of the soil column. The soil column provided with the communicating pipe 2 is placed in a liquid receiving pool 5 filled with seawater after passing through a hole of a liquid receiving pool cover 4. The small holes at the bottom of the soil column are completely immersed in seawater, so that the soil moisture action can be simulated, and the dissolution of soil in the soil column can be reduced.
The implementation process related to the experimental device comprises the following steps:
firstly, a space with flat ground, stable foundation and reasonable lighting is selected as an experimental site. The liquid receiving tank 5 is filled with a small amount of seawater and placed at a proper place. The outer thread is directly penetrated out from a sampling port on the side wall of the circular tube 1 of the main body of the earth pillar, the inner thread is directly screwed on the outer thread directly 6 from the outer side of the circular tube 1 of the main body of the earth pillar, and then the tube cap 8 is buckled on the outer side of the inner thread directly 7 and is pressed tightly.
And (4) finishing the installation of the communicating pipe 2 and the earth pillar main body 1, and then carrying out the original soil collection and earth pillar filling work.
After the liquid receiving pool cover 4 is placed on the liquid receiving pool 5 filled with seawater, the filled soil column is placed in the liquid receiving pool with the cover. After entering the small holes 3, the seawater is transferred by soil capillary action. After each earth pillar is placed stably, the pipe cap 8 is opened, a small amount of soil is taken out from each sampling port, the indexes such as initial soil pH, salt content, water content and organic matters are measured, and the pipe cap 8 is fastened in time after sampling. And analyzing the water and salt migration process of the saline-alkali soil and the formation mechanism of the saline-alkali soil by comparing the data of the salt content and the water content of the soil at each position in different time.
Example 1
The saline-alkali soil used in the present example was obtained from coastal saline-alkali soil in Haxing county, Cangzhou, Hebei province, and the high-quality soil used was obtained from farmlands in Jimo City, Qingdao, Shandong province. The salt inhibition experiment of the saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) adopting a five-point sampling method to respectively dig and pick soil in the two areas, removing larger stones, biological tissues, plant tissues and the like, and transporting the soil back to a laboratory;
(2) respectively and uniformly mixing the saline-alkali soil and the high-quality soil;
(3) uniformly laying a saline-alkali soil layer with the thickness of 20cm at the position shown by 9 in the figure 5, and compacting the soil layer;
(4) uniformly paving an iron tailing layer with the thickness of 20cm as a salt separation layer at a position 10 shown in the figure 5, wherein the particle size of the iron tailing is not more than 1 cm;
(5) after the salt isolation layer is paved, uniformly paving high-quality soil at a position shown by 11 in the figure 5 and compacting the soil to ensure the stability of the soil in the later experimental process, wherein the paving thickness is 60 cm;
(6) after the filling of the soil column device is finished, placing the soil column device in a liquid receiving pool filled with seawater, and replacing the seawater every day;
(7) and taking each sampling port of the soil column and surface soil, and measuring the pH, the salt content, the water content and the organic matter content. And measuring the pH value, the salt content and the organic matter content of the soil every 3 months for 4 times in total.
Example 2
The saline-alkali soil used in the present example was obtained from coastal saline-alkali soil in Haxing county, Cangzhou, Hebei province, and the high-quality soil used was obtained from farmlands in Jimo City, Qingdao, Shandong province. The salt inhibition experiment of the saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) adopting a five-point sampling method to respectively dig and pick soil in the two areas, removing larger stones, biological tissues, plant tissues and the like, and transporting the soil back to a laboratory;
(2) respectively and uniformly mixing the saline-alkali soil and the high-quality soil;
(3) uniformly laying a saline-alkali soil layer with the thickness of 20cm at the position shown by 9 in the figure 5, and compacting the soil layer;
(4) uniformly laying a straw layer with the thickness of 20cm as a salt separation layer at a position 10 shown in the figure 5, wherein the straw is crushed wheat straw, and the length of the straw is not more than 5 cm;
(5) after the salt isolation layer is paved, uniformly paving high-quality soil at a position shown by 11 in the figure 5 and compacting the soil to ensure the stability of the soil in the later experimental process, wherein the paving thickness is 60 cm;
(6) after the filling of the soil column device is finished, placing the soil column device in a liquid receiving pool filled with seawater, and replacing the seawater every day;
(7) and taking each sampling port of the soil column and surface soil, and measuring the pH, the salt content, the water content and the organic matter content. And measuring the pH value, the salt content and the organic matter content of the soil every 3 months for 4 times in total.
Example 3
The saline-alkali soil used in the present example was obtained from coastal saline-alkali soil in Haxing county, Cangzhou, Hebei province, and the high-quality soil used was obtained from farmlands in Jimo City, Qingdao, Shandong province. The salt inhibition experiment of the saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) adopting a five-point sampling method to respectively dig and pick soil in the two areas, removing larger stones, biological tissues, plant tissues and the like, and transporting the soil back to a laboratory;
(2) respectively and uniformly mixing the saline-alkali soil and the high-quality soil;
(3) uniformly laying a saline-alkali soil layer with the thickness of 20cm at the position shown by 9 in the figure 5, and compacting the soil layer;
(4) uniformly paving a biochar layer with the thickness of 20cm as a salt isolation layer at a position 10 shown in the figure 5, wherein the biochar is obtained by pyrolyzing wheat straws in a pyrolysis furnace at 400 ℃ in a laboratory;
(5) after the salt isolation layer is paved, uniformly paving high-quality soil at a position shown by 11 in the figure 5 and compacting the soil to ensure the stability of the soil in the later experimental process, wherein the paving thickness is 60 cm;
(6) after the filling of the soil column device is finished, placing the soil column device in a liquid receiving pool filled with seawater, and replacing the seawater every day;
(7) and taking each sampling port of the soil column and surface soil, and measuring the pH, the salt content, the water content and the organic matter content. And measuring the pH value, the salt content and the organic matter content of the soil every 3 months for 4 times in total.
Example 4
The saline-alkali soil used in the present example was obtained from coastal saline-alkali soil in Haxing county, Cangzhou, Hebei province, and the high-quality soil used was obtained from farmlands in Jimo City, Qingdao, Shandong province. The salt inhibition experiment of the saline-alkali soil is carried out according to the following steps:
(1) adopting a five-point sampling method to respectively dig and pick soil in the two areas, removing larger stones, biological tissues, plant tissues and the like, and transporting the soil back to a laboratory;
(2) respectively and uniformly mixing the saline-alkali soil and the high-quality soil;
(3) uniformly laying a saline-alkali soil layer with the thickness of 20cm at the position shown by 9 in the figure 5, and compacting the soil layer;
(4) uniformly paving an iron tailing layer with the thickness of 5cm, a straw layer with the thickness of 10cm and a charcoal layer with the thickness of 5cm as a salt separation layer from bottom to top at a position shown by 10 in the figure 5, wherein the particle size of the iron tailing is not more than 1cm, the straw is wheat straw powder with the length of not more than 5cm, and the charcoal is charcoal obtained by pyrolyzing the wheat straw in a pyrolysis furnace at 400 ℃ in a laboratory;
(5) after the salt isolation layer is paved, uniformly paving high-quality soil at a position shown by 11 in the figure 5 and compacting the soil to ensure the stability of the soil in the later experimental process, wherein the paving thickness is 60 cm;
(6) after the filling of the soil column device is finished, placing the soil column device in a liquid receiving pool filled with seawater, and replacing the seawater every day;
(7) and taking each sampling port of the soil column and surface soil, and measuring the pH, the salt content, the water content and the organic matter content. And measuring the pH value, the salt content and the organic matter content of the soil every 3 months for 4 times in total.
Comparative example
The saline-alkali soil used in the present example was obtained from coastal saline-alkali soil in Haxing county, Cangzhou, Hebei province, and the high-quality soil used was obtained from farmlands in Jimo City, Qingdao, Shandong province. The experiment was carried out as follows:
(1) adopting a five-point sampling method to respectively dig and pick soil in the two areas, removing larger stones, biological tissues, plant tissues and the like, and transporting the soil back to a laboratory;
(2) respectively and uniformly mixing the saline-alkali soil and the high-quality soil;
(3) uniformly laying a saline-alkali soil layer with the thickness of 20cm at the position shown by 9 in the figure 5, and compacting the soil layer;
(4) after the saline-alkali soil layer is laid, uniformly laying high-quality soil on the saline-alkali soil layer and compacting the soil to ensure the stability of the soil in the later experimental process, wherein the laying thickness is 80 cm;
(5) after the filling of the soil column device is finished, placing the soil column device in a liquid receiving pool filled with seawater, and replacing the seawater every day;
(6) and taking each sampling port of the soil column and surface soil, and measuring the pH, the salt content, the water content and the organic matter content. And measuring the pH value, the salt content and the organic matter content of the soil every 3 months for 4 times in total.
TABLE 1 variation of soil pH at various locations
TABLE 2 Change in the salt content (g/kg) of the soil at each location
As can be seen from the data in tables 1 and 2, the physicochemical properties of the soils in each group were changed under the influence of the underground seawater. This is shown by the fact that the pH and salt content of the surface layer of the soil both increased during the experiment. However, each example shows a lower change speed than the comparative example, and therefore, the salt separation layer selected in the experimental example has a better effect of inhibiting soil salt return.
In the selected salt-separating layer, the salt-suppressing effect is the best in example 4, and the salinization speed of the soil surface layer is the lowest speed compared with other examples. Therefore, the salt-separating layer with the best salt-inhibiting effect is selected through the experiment as follows: and 5cm of iron tailing layer, 10cm of straw layer and 5cm of charcoal layer are uniformly laid from bottom to top in sequence.
The soil moisture data also reflects the above results, and the soil moisture shows the same trend as the soil salinity. That is, the water content of the surface layer of each group of soil was decreased with time, but the water content of the soil was higher than that of the comparative example.
The change of soil organic matters is not obvious, because the high-quality soil accounts for 60-80% of the volume of the soil column, and the high-quality soil contains a large amount of organic matters. However, the difference in organic matter data at 60cm thickness is large, which is shown by the increase in organic matter content of the added straw groups (examples 2 and 4).
In conclusion, the soil column device is utilized to screen out the optimal saline-alkali soil salt suppression method, namely, a salt isolation layer is paved in soil. Among the 4 kinds of salt-separating layers, the salt-separating layer composed of iron tailings, straws and biochar has the best salt suppression effect, and the salt-separating layer is composed of an iron tailings layer (5cm thick), a straw layer (10cm thick) and a biochar layer (5cm thick) which are uniformly laid in sequence. The method for inhibiting soil salt return by using the iron tailings, the straws and the biochar as the salt isolation layer has strong operability, good effect and high benefit, and can be popularized and used in a large range.
The present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples, and the above examples and drawings are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the specific embodiments thereof have been described in detail with reference to the examples. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can make various changes, additions and substitutions without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.
Claims (10)
1. A soil column device for simulating the water and salt migration condition of saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising a soil column main body circular tube (1) provided with a communicating tube (2) and a liquid receiving pool (5); the bottom of the circular tube (1) of the earth pillar main body is sealed, a small hole (3) is formed at the position close to the bottom, and the side wall of the circular tube is punched to install the communicating tube (2).
2. The soil column device for simulating saline-alkali soil water salt migration conditions according to claim 1, wherein the communicating pipe (2) is composed of an outer wire direct (6), an inner wire direct (7) and a pipe cap (8), the liquid receiving tank (5) comprises a perforated liquid receiving tank cover (4) and a liquid receiving tank body, and the bottom of the soil column penetrates through a hole in the liquid receiving tank cover (4) to be placed in the liquid receiving tank (5).
3. The soil column device for simulating the water and salt migration condition of saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the circular tube (1) of the soil column body is made of PVC; sealing the bottom of the soil column, and punching small holes (3) at positions 2cm away from the bottom of the soil column, wherein the hole diameter is 4-8 mm, and the number of the small holes is 8-12; and holes are formed in the side wall of the soil column every 20cm, and the aperture is 2-4 cm.
4. The soil column device for simulating the water and salt migration condition of saline-alkali soil according to claim 2, wherein the diameter of the communicating pipe (2) is the same as the diameter of the hole drilled on the side wall of the soil column; the outer thread (6) directly penetrates out of the inner part of the soil column main body, the inner thread (7) is directly screwed with the outer thread (6) outside the soil column, and the pipe cap (8) is buckled on the inner thread (7) and is pressed tightly.
5. The soil column device for simulating the water and salt migration condition of saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the liquid receiving tank cover (4) is perforated according to the pipe diameter of the soil column and is placed on the liquid receiving tank (5); the height of the liquid receiving pool (5) is determined according to the height of a communicating pipe at the bottommost part of the soil column; and a proper amount of seawater is filled in the liquid receiving tank (5).
6. The soil column device for simulating the water and salt migration of saline-alkali soil according to claim 1, wherein the soil column (1) provided with the communicating pipe (2) is placed in the liquid receiving tank (5) provided with seawater after passing through the hole of the liquid receiving tank cover (4).
7. A method for inhibiting salt in saline-alkali soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) assembling the earth pillar arrangement of any of claims 1-6 in a complete assembly;
(2) sampling saline-alkali soil on site, and sampling high-quality soil on site;
(3) filling and paving a saline-alkali soil layer in the soil column device;
(4) then filling and laying a salt isolation layer;
(5) filling and paving a high-quality soil layer;
(6) and (4) placing the soil column device in a liquid receiving pool filled with seawater and monitoring corresponding indexes.
8. The method as claimed in claim 7, wherein the saline-alkali soil is selected from Haixing county, Cangzhou, Hebei province, the high-quality soil is selected from farmlands, Jimo, Qingdao, Shandong province, and the salt-separating layer comprises three materials: the iron tailings comprise iron tailings, straws and charcoal, wherein the particle size of the iron tailings is not more than 1 cm.
9. The method for inhibiting the salt in the saline-alkali soil according to claim 7, wherein the straw is air-dried and crushed wheat straw, the crushed length is less than 5cm, and the biochar is commercially available wheat straw biochar or biochar obtained by pyrolyzing wheat straw at 400 ℃.
10. The method of claim 7, wherein the filled soil column device is placed in a receiving pond filled with seawater, and the seawater is replaced daily.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011405965.0A CN113141802A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and saline-alkali soil salt suppression method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011405965.0A CN113141802A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and saline-alkali soil salt suppression method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN113141802A true CN113141802A (en) | 2021-07-23 |
Family
ID=76882458
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011405965.0A Pending CN113141802A (en) | 2020-12-04 | 2020-12-04 | Saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and saline-alkali soil salt suppression method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN113141802A (en) |
Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3604761A1 (en) * | 1986-02-14 | 1987-08-20 | Possehl & Co Mbh L | Process and apparatus for treating granular materials |
| CN101256182A (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2008-09-03 | 华中农业大学 | Method for preparing macrotype undisturbed soil pole and uses thereof |
| CN103091473A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-08 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Earth pillar simulation device based on soil water and salt transport rule |
| CN105465982A (en) * | 2014-09-06 | 2016-04-06 | 湖北六阖科技有限责任公司 | Anti-condensation device for vertical ventilating pipe |
| CN106198920A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-12-07 | 北京林业大学 | The experimental provision simulating salt-soda soil moisture-salt transport and the method utilizing this device screening salt-soda soil to prevent accumulation of salt in the surface soil measure |
| CN110208148A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-06 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | For studying and testing the integrated system of moisture and salt regime rule in coastal region soil |
| CN110313263A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-11 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of optimization method of Rain Garden plantation layer medium soil |
| CN111567176A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 天津市方正园林建设监理中心 | Saline-alkali soil greening improvement method |
| US20200329695A1 (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | MW Clark Enterprises, LLC | Migratory bird decoy and migratory bird decoy wing assembly |
-
2020
- 2020-12-04 CN CN202011405965.0A patent/CN113141802A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3604761A1 (en) * | 1986-02-14 | 1987-08-20 | Possehl & Co Mbh L | Process and apparatus for treating granular materials |
| CN101256182A (en) * | 2008-04-11 | 2008-09-03 | 华中农业大学 | Method for preparing macrotype undisturbed soil pole and uses thereof |
| CN103091473A (en) * | 2013-02-01 | 2013-05-08 | 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所 | Earth pillar simulation device based on soil water and salt transport rule |
| CN105465982A (en) * | 2014-09-06 | 2016-04-06 | 湖北六阖科技有限责任公司 | Anti-condensation device for vertical ventilating pipe |
| CN106198920A (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2016-12-07 | 北京林业大学 | The experimental provision simulating salt-soda soil moisture-salt transport and the method utilizing this device screening salt-soda soil to prevent accumulation of salt in the surface soil measure |
| US20200329695A1 (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2020-10-22 | MW Clark Enterprises, LLC | Migratory bird decoy and migratory bird decoy wing assembly |
| CN110208148A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-06 | 中国市政工程华北设计研究总院有限公司 | For studying and testing the integrated system of moisture and salt regime rule in coastal region soil |
| CN110313263A (en) * | 2019-07-30 | 2019-10-11 | 上海交通大学 | A kind of optimization method of Rain Garden plantation layer medium soil |
| CN111567176A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-08-25 | 天津市方正园林建设监理中心 | Saline-alkali soil greening improvement method |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 唐复平: "《全球铁矿行业技术发展指南》", 30 November 2015, 北京:冶金工业出版社 * |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Feng et al. | Distribution and evolution of water chemistry in Heihe River basin | |
| Vijayaraghavan et al. | Application of seaweed as substrate additive in green roofs: Enhancement of water retention and sorption capacity | |
| CN103210714B (en) | A kind of acidic coal gangue storage yard film coatings that is used for covers ecological restoring method | |
| Gao et al. | Effects of vegetation cover on phosphorus loss from a hillslope cropland of purple soil under simulated rainfall: a case study in China | |
| CN111010917B (en) | Method for in-situ soil improvement and arbor planting in relocation land | |
| CN104774620B (en) | A kind of compounding modifying agent and preparation method and modification method for pollution of vanadium soil | |
| CN104380959A (en) | Rapid cultivation method for loess plateau moss crusts | |
| CN205902463U (en) | A planting device for saline -alkali soil improvement | |
| Allotey et al. | Physico-chemical properties of three salt-affected soils in the lower Volta Basin and management strategies for their sustainable utilization | |
| CN111771670B (en) | Method for improving river sediment into planting soil | |
| CN102792802A (en) | Method for modifying soda saline-alkali soil with dewatered sludge | |
| CN101690460A (en) | Turf substrate produced by construction waste and sludge | |
| Yang et al. | Effects of oyster shell powder on leaching characteristics of nutrients in low-fertility latosol in South China | |
| CN113141802A (en) | Saline-alkali soil water and salt migration simulation device and saline-alkali soil salt suppression method | |
| CN206512726U (en) | One kind is applied to high abrupt slope waste body recovering vegetation on slope structure | |
| CN106587382A (en) | Artificial soil layer quick infiltration system and method for removing ethinylestradiol in water with high hydraulic load | |
| CN209429138U (en) | Biological carbon plant biological bag ecological revetment construction device based on straw resource utilization | |
| CN213875684U (en) | Soil lead passivation test system based on mudstone or/and biochar | |
| Xuefeng et al. | Layered Construction of Novel Reconstituted Soils in Coal Mining Sites | |
| Liu et al. | Analysis of Coal Gangue Pollution Control Technology | |
| Wang et al. | Researches on Ecological Solidification and Melioration Effects of Plants on Silty Soft Soil | |
| Cao et al. | Feasibility analysis of waste humus soil for Urban Greening | |
| CN204408876U (en) | A kind of saline land filter pipe net desalting system | |
| CN1548251A (en) | Red mud tillage layer soil for re-cultivation in mine and its making process | |
| CN216955363U (en) | Soil leaching solution sampling system is used to cities and towns domestic sludge product woodland |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |