CN113137928A - Deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology - Google Patents
Deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN113137928A CN113137928A CN202110582312.8A CN202110582312A CN113137928A CN 113137928 A CN113137928 A CN 113137928A CN 202110582312 A CN202110582312 A CN 202110582312A CN 113137928 A CN113137928 A CN 113137928A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002168 optical frequency-domain reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002277 temperature effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
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- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
A deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on an optical frequency domain reflection technology is used for simultaneously realizing deep soil body displacement monitoring, and is convenient in temperature compensation and simple in system integration. The device comprises an optical fiber inclination sensing unit, an inclinometer, an optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module, a wired or wireless transmission module and an angle-displacement calculation module; the optical fiber inclination sensing units are respectively and fixedly arranged in the inclinometer, the optical fiber comprises a strain optical fiber and a temperature information optical fiber, the strain optical fiber is directly adhered to the surface of the constant-strength beam, and the optical fiber is connected with the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module through an optical fiber transmission line; the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module demodulates the strain information and the temperature information of the optical fiber inclination sensing unit, and transmits the strain information and the temperature information to the inclination angle-deflection calculation module through the wired or wireless transmission module to perform displacement calculation of the inclinometer so as to obtain a displacement value of the deep rock and soil body.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of deep rock-soil body deformation monitoring, and particularly relates to a deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on an optical frequency domain reflection technology (OFDR).
Background
The occurrence of high and steep slope landslide geological disasters in China is frequent, and particularly in western mountain areas, the disasters cause huge threats to local residents and related railway and highway traffic facilities. In order to guarantee the personal and property safety of residents and the normal operation of traffic facilities, retaining structures such as anti-slide piles, retaining walls and anchor rods can be arranged in an area with landslide risk. However, the partially stabilized high and steep slope is also at risk of instability under the influence of adverse factors such as precipitation and geological movement. The deep rock-soil body displacement is an important index for reflecting the stability of a high and steep slope, and has important influence on the construction and operation safety of infrastructure engineering such as railways, highways and the like.
At present, the monitoring means for landslide geological disasters at home and abroad are mainly divided into two categories of surface monitoring and underground monitoring.
The earth surface monitoring method comprises a geodetic method, a global satellite positioning system method and the like, and the method cannot reflect the deep deformation condition of the rock-soil body.
Subsurface monitoring methods include strain sensor based internal stress measurements and internal dip measurements, among others.
The internal stress measurement method based on the strain sensor has more applications, and mainly comprises the steps of installing a point type strain gauge, a fiber grating or a distributed optical fiber based on an optical time domain Brillouin reflection technology on an inclinometer, and respectively realizing local multipoint strain measurement and distributed strain measurement of the inclinometer. The method measures the stress change of the inclinometer caused by the deformation of the rock-soil mass, and establishes a calculation model according to the change condition of the inclinometer in the rock-soil mass to obtain the strain-deflection relation of the inclinometer. Because the inclinometer is in full contact with the rock-soil body, the deformation position and range of the deep rock-soil body are different, and the deflection of the inclinometer is calculated based on the local strain measurement value, so that the problem of larger error exists.
Although the optical fiber Brillouin distributed sensing technology can realize distributed measurement, the measurement precision is relatively low, and the deflection calculation precision is also low.
Optical Frequency Domain Reflectometry (OFDR) is a high-precision short-distance distributed optical fiber sensing technology developed in recent years, and currently, some important achievements are obtained in laboratories. Compared with the Brillouin technology based on the distributed optical fiber, the distributed optical fiber based on the OFDR technology is distributed along the outer surface of the inclinometer tube, so that higher-precision strain and corresponding deflection measurement can be realized. Considering that an internal stress measurement method needs a calculation model based on an inclinometer to convert measurement strain into deflection, and cannot reflect the displacement of a rock and soil body more intuitively, the internal inclination measurement method is more widely applied.
The existing internal inclination measurement method mainly comprises the steps of installing an inclination sensor on an inclination measuring pipe to realize inclination measurement of the inclination measuring pipe and then directly converting the inclination measurement into deflection or displacement. Applications for inclinometer measurements have been developed using fiber grating tilt sensors and electrical tilt sensors. The electric tilt sensor is cheap and has high measurement accuracy, but has poor durability and relatively complex system integration. The fiber grating tilt sensor can be connected with a plurality of sensors in series on one optical fiber based on the wavelength division multiplexing function, but the problem of wavelength coincidence of the fiber grating tilt sensors connected in series can be caused due to the uncertainty of the magnitude and the position of the displacement deformation of the rock-soil body; meanwhile, the measuring range of the fiber bragg grating is only 6000-8000 mu epsilon, so that the measuring range or size of the fiber bragg grating inclination sensor is restrained to a certain extent.
At present, no report of carrying out deep rock-soil body measurement by adopting a multipoint optical fiber tilt sensor based on OFDR technology exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on an optical frequency domain reflection technology, so as to realize displacement monitoring of a deep soil body, and the system is convenient in temperature compensation and simple in system integration.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical scheme is as follows:
the invention discloses a deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on an optical frequency domain reflection technology, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an optical fiber inclination sensing unit, an inclinometer, an optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module, a wired or wireless transmission module and an angle-displacement calculation module; the optical fiber inclination sensing units are respectively and fixedly arranged in the inclinometer, the optical fiber comprises a strain optical fiber and a temperature information optical fiber, the strain optical fiber is directly adhered to the surface of the constant-strength beam, and the optical fiber is connected with the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module through an optical fiber transmission line; the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module demodulates the strain information and the temperature information of the optical fiber inclination sensing unit, and transmits the strain information and the temperature information to the inclination angle-deflection calculation module through the wired or wireless transmission module to perform displacement calculation of the inclinometer so as to obtain a displacement value of the deep rock and soil body.
The optical fiber inclination sensing unit is fixed in the inclinometer tube through a screw rod arranged on the inclinometer tube; the length of the optical fiber between the equal-strength beams with the adjacent mass blocks is determined by the distance between the monitoring points of the deep rock-soil body, and the specifications of the equal-strength beams with the mass blocks and the mass blocks are determined according to the displacement measurement precision and the measurement range of the deep rock-soil body; the inclination angle coefficient of the equal-strength beam with the mass block is obtained by calibrating the strain of the optical fiber pasted on the equal-strength beam and the corresponding inclination angle of the equal-strength beam.
And calculating the inclination angle of each equal-strength beam position in each optical fiber inclination sensing unit according to the inclination angle coefficient of the equal-strength beam with the mass block and the received strain information.
Before the strain information demodulated by the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module is used for calculating the inclination angle, the strain information generated by the equal-strength beam with the mass block is subjected to temperature compensation through the temperature information of the free optical fiber at the adjacent position.
And the calculated inclination angle can be calculated according to the constraint condition of the inclinometer in the rock-soil body and the position information of the strength beams with the mass blocks and the like to obtain the displacement information of the deep rock-soil body at the corresponding position.
The optical fiber inclination measuring system based on the OFDR technology has the advantages that the optical fiber is directly adopted as the inclination measuring sensing unit in the deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on the OFDR technology, and compared with the traditional inclination measuring device, the optical fiber inclination measuring system based on the OFDR technology has the advantages of convenience in compensation, simplicity in system integration and the like; by combining the reported method for testing the stress of the inclinometer by adopting the OFDR technology, the deep soil displacement and stress level monitoring can be realized simultaneously, and the method has important significance for safety monitoring and stability evaluation of high and steep edges and landslides.
Drawings
The present specification includes the following three figures.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber inclinometer system for deep rock and earth mass based on optical frequency domain reflection technology
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an installation structure of the deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclinometer system based on the optical frequency domain reflection technology
FIG. 3 is a deep soil body angle-displacement calculation schematic diagram of the deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on the optical frequency domain reflection technology.
The figure shows the part names and the corresponding labels: the device comprises a multipoint optical fiber inclination sensing unit 10, an optical fiber 11, a constant intensity beam 12 with a mass block, a screw 13, an inclinometer 20, an optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module 30, an optical fiber transmission line 40, a wired or wireless transmission module 50 and an inclination angle-deflection calculation module 60.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclinometry system based on the optical frequency domain reflection technology of the present invention includes an optical fiber inclination sensing unit 10, an inclinometry tube 20, an optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module 30, a wired or wireless transmission module 50, and an angle-displacement calculation module 60. The optical fiber inclination sensing units 10 are respectively and fixedly installed in the inclination measuring pipe 20, the optical fiber 11 comprises a strain optical fiber and a temperature information optical fiber, the strain optical fiber is directly adhered to the surface of the constant-strength beam 12, and the assembled inclination measuring pipe 20 is inserted into a rock-soil body to be monitored. Each optical fiber 11 is connected to the optical frequency domain reflection/demodulation module 30 through an optical fiber transmission line 40. The optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module 30 demodulates the strain information and the temperature information of the optical fiber inclination sensing unit 10, and transmits the strain information and the temperature information to the inclination angle-deflection calculation module 60 through the wired or wireless transmission module 50 to perform displacement calculation of the inclinometer 20, so as to obtain a displacement value of the deep rock and soil mass.
The deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on the OFDR technology directly adopts the optical fiber as an inclination measuring sensing unit, and has the advantages of convenience in compensation, simplicity in system integration and the like compared with the traditional inclination measuring device. By combining the reported method for testing the stress of the inclinometer by adopting the OFDR technology, the deep soil displacement and stress level monitoring can be realized simultaneously, and the method has important significance for safety monitoring and stability evaluation of high and steep edges and landslides.
Referring to fig. 1, the inclinometer 20 is formed by butting multiple sections, each of which is provided with one optical fiber inclination sensing unit 10, by using a fastening, a screw or the like connecting member. The completed assembled inclinometer tube 20 is inserted into the body of rock to be monitored. The deformation of the deep rock-soil body causes the deformation of the inclinometer 20, the equal strength beams 12 with the mass blocks on the inclinometer 20 are correspondingly inclined, the strain optical fibers pasted on the equal strength beams 12 with the mass blocks generate a strain effect, and meanwhile, the temperature in the deep rock-soil body is changed due to seasonal changes, environmental precipitation and the like, and the optical fibers 11 between the equal strength beams 12 with the mass blocks generate a temperature effect. The optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module 30 demodulates the corresponding temperature value and strain value at the same time. Then, the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module 30 transmits the demodulated temperature value and strain value to the angle-displacement calculation module 60 through the wired or wireless transmission module 50, the angle-displacement calculation module 60 compensates the strain value thereof through the temperature information of the free optical fiber adjacent to each of the equal-strength beams 12 with mass blocks, calculates the corresponding inclination angle based on the pre-calibrated inclination angle coefficient of each of the equal-strength beams 12 with mass blocks, and calculates the displacement of the inclinometer 20 according to the constraint condition of the inclinometer 20 in the rock-soil body and the position information of each of the equal-strength beams 12 with mass blocks in the inclinometer 20.
Referring to fig. 2, the optical fiber inclination sensing unit 10 is fixed in an inclinometer 20 by a screw 13 installed in the inclinometer 20, and the inclination angle of the equal strength beam 12 with a mass is adjusted by the screw. The length of the optical fiber 11 between the equal-strength beams 12 with the adjacent mass blocks is determined by the distance between monitoring points of the deep rock-soil body, and the specifications of the equal-strength beams 12 with the mass blocks and the mass blocks are determined according to the displacement measurement precision and the measurement range of the deep rock-soil body. The inclination angle coefficient of the equal-strength beam 12 with the mass block is obtained by calibrating the strain of the optical fiber 11 pasted on the equal-strength beam and the corresponding inclination angle of the equal-strength beam.
And calculating the inclination angle of each equal-strength beam position in each optical fiber inclination sensing unit 10 according to the inclination angle coefficient of the equal-strength beam 12 with the mass block and the received strain information. Before the strain information demodulated by the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module 30 is used for calculating the inclination angle, the strain information generated by the equal-strength beam 12 with the mass block is subjected to temperature compensation through the temperature information of the adjacent position of the equal-strength beam. The calculated inclination angle can be calculated according to the constraint condition of the inclinometer 20 in the rock-soil body and the position information of each strength beam 12 with the mass block and the like to obtain the displacement information of the deep rock-soil body at the corresponding position.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the deep soil body angle-displacement calculation, in which the inclinometer 20 is represented by a central axis, and a black square is the equal strength beam 12 with a mass block. It is assumed that the inclinometer 20 is deployed into the deep rock-mass bedrock or stabilized bed.
As shown by the change of inclinometer 20A specific calculation method of the angle-displacement calculation module 60 is illustrated. In the figure: l isiN denotes the spacing between two adjacent beams 12 with equal strength; thetajJ ═ 1, 2,. n +1 denotes the tilt angle of the equal-strength beam 12 with the mass, and the strain measured by the optical fiber 11 attached thereto is calculated by the tilt angle coefficient; djJ 1, 2, n +1 represents the displacement or deflection of the isobeam 1-2 with mass block, and is calculated as follows:
D2＝L2×sinθ2
D3＝D2+L3×sinθ3
in the above-mentioned displacement calculation of the beams 1-2 with equal strength and mass blocks, DjJ 1, 2, n +1 is a vector with a direction.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of some of the principles of the optical frequency domain reflection based deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclinometer system of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the invention to the exact construction and applications shown and described, and accordingly, all modifications and equivalents that may be resorted to are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology is characterized in that: the device comprises an optical fiber inclination sensing unit (10), an inclinometer (20), an optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module (30), a wired or wireless transmission module (50) and an angle-displacement calculation module (60); the optical fiber inclination sensing units (10) are respectively and fixedly installed in the inclinometer tube (20), each optical fiber inclination sensing unit (10) consists of an equal-strength beam (12) with a mass block and an optical fiber (11), each optical fiber (11) comprises a strain optical fiber and a temperature information optical fiber, the strain optical fibers are directly adhered to the surface of the equal-strength beam (12), and the optical fibers (11) are connected with the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module (30) through optical fiber transmission lines (40); the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module (30) demodulates the strain information and the temperature information of the optical fiber inclination sensing unit (10), and transmits the strain information and the temperature information to the angle-displacement calculation module (60) through the wired or wireless transmission module (50) to perform displacement calculation of the inclinometer (20), so as to acquire a deep rock and earth mass displacement value.
2. The deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclinometry system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the optical fiber inclination sensing unit (10) is fixed in the inclinometer pipe (20) through a screw (13) arranged on the inclinometer pipe (20), and the inclination angle of the equal-strength beam (12) with the mass block is adjusted through the screw; the length of the optical fiber (11) between the equal-strength beams (12) with the adjacent mass blocks is determined by the distance between the monitoring points of the deep rock-soil body, and the specifications of the equal-strength beams and the mass blocks of the equal-strength beams (12) with the mass blocks are determined according to the displacement measurement precision and the measurement range of the deep rock-soil body; the inclination angle coefficient of the equal-strength beam (12) with the mass block is obtained by calibrating the strain of the optical fiber (11) stuck on the equal-strength beam and the corresponding inclination angle of the equal-strength beam.
3. The deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclinometry system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and calculating the inclination angle of each equal-strength beam position in each optical fiber inclination sensing unit (10) according to the inclination angle coefficient of the equal-strength beam (12) with the mass block and the received strain information.
4. The deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclinometry system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: the strain information demodulated by the optical frequency domain reflection demodulation module (30) is subjected to temperature compensation through temperature information of the adjacent position of the strain information generated by the equal-intensity beam (12) with the mass block before being used for calculating the inclination angle.
5. The deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclinometry system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that: and the calculated inclination angle can be used for calculating displacement information of the deep rock-soil body at the corresponding position according to the constraint condition of the inclinometer (20) in the rock-soil body and the position information of each strength beam (12) with the mass block and the like.
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| CN202011461905.0A CN112393686A (en) | 2020-12-10 | 2020-12-10 | Deep rock-soil body optical fiber inclination measuring system based on optical frequency domain reflection technology |
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| CN110487247A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-11-22 | 西南石油大学 | A method of it is comprehensive based on fiber grating high precision monitor pile body |
| CN210268626U (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2020-04-07 | 西南石油大学 | High-precision inclination measuring rod based on fiber bragg grating all-dimensional monitoring pile body |
| CN111207675A (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-05-29 | 中铁二局集团电务工程有限公司 | Monitoring system for deep displacement of garbage pile and construction method |
| CN211504103U (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-09-15 | 中铁二局集团电务工程有限公司 | Extensible fiber grating inclinometer |
| CN211504017U (en) * | 2020-03-05 | 2020-09-15 | 中铁二局集团电务工程有限公司 | Monitoring system for deep displacement of garbage pile |
| CN111322966A (en) * | 2020-03-23 | 2020-06-23 | 贵州江源电力建设有限公司 | Optical fiber Bragg grating tilt angle sensor based on two equal-strength double-arm beams |
| CN111623812A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-09-04 | 河海大学 | Horizontal testing device and method based on fiber bragg grating |
| CN111764368A (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2020-10-13 | 河海大学 | Horizontal testing system and method based on OFDR optical fiber sensing |
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| CN112393686A (en) | 2021-02-23 |
| CN113137928B (en) | 2024-01-19 |
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