CN102914282B - Monitoring and measuring method using displacement sensor to measure tunnel deformation - Google Patents
Monitoring and measuring method using displacement sensor to measure tunnel deformation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102914282B CN102914282B CN201210396378.9A CN201210396378A CN102914282B CN 102914282 B CN102914282 B CN 102914282B CN 201210396378 A CN201210396378 A CN 201210396378A CN 102914282 B CN102914282 B CN 102914282B
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 26
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013480 data collection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention provides a monitoring and measuring method using a displacement sensor to measure tunnel deformation. The monitoring and measuring method comprises the steps of setting a measurement point on a section of an arc tunnel, and connecting a line; arranging a connection rod at an arc measurement point; fixing a displacement transfer rod on the connection rod and fixing a first base on the connection rod; arranging a horizontal measuring rod at the position of the measuring point, and arranging a second base on the horizontal measuring rod; respectively setting the crosspoints of the displacement transfer rod and a horizontal measuring line as a first measurement point and a second measurement point; fixing a displacement sensor bracket on the first base or the second base, and arranging a horizontal direction displacement sensor and a vertical direction displacement sensor on the displacement sensor bracket; measuring horizontal clearance variation and vertical clearance variation, judging the deformation situation of the tunnel accordingly, calculating the horizontal clearance variation between a left measurement point and a right measurement point, and calculating a mean value of the vertical clearance variation between the arc measurement point and the horizontal measurement line. The monitoring and measuring method provided by the invention has the advantages of rapidness in test, high testing precision, less interference on construction and low cost, can be used for monitoring in real time, and can be used for determining whether the tunnel is biased or not according to the testing result of the clearance variation of the channel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of monitoring measurement method of tunnel deformation.Particularly relate to a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation.
Background technology
Tunnel occupies very large ratio in China's mountain railway, the building of highway.Current China Tunnel Engineering generally adopts New Austrian Tunneling Method to carry out design and construction, New Austrian Tunneling Method is the consideration according to terms of mechanics, supporting construction is combined with country rock, and carries out on-the-spot tunnel deformation management, form the concept of a complete tunnel Dynamic construction & design.In the construction stage, tunnel deformation monitoring measurement should be carried out, the fundamental purpose of tunnel deformation monitoring measurement is to understand the degree of reliability of adjoining rock stability state and initial supporting, two lining structures, guarantee the long-time stability of construction safety and structure, for Grades of Surrounding Rock change, preliminary bracing and two parameter adjustments served as a contrast provide foundation, be realize the indispensable operation of information-aided construction.So, tunnel deformation monitoring measurement work accurate, whether timely, the safety of direct relation constructing tunnel and progress.
At present, the instrument that China's tunnel deformation monitoring measurement generally adopts comprises: convergence gauge, spirit-leveling instrument (comprise steel and hang chi) and total powerstation.When adopting these measurement, each measurement all needs manual operation instrument, reading, process data, transmission data, measurement accuracy is not high, especially can not accomplish the automatically-monitored measurement of real time remote, and carries out tunnel deformation monitoring measurement and construction operation easily disturbs.Subway tunnel deformation monitoring in operation is measured, monitoring measurement can only be carried out at subway at night during stopping operation.So, be badly in need of developing a kind of energy 24 hours remote automation monitoring measurement methods.
In recent years, domestic scholars had carried out adopting laser radar and laser range finder to the research of tunnel deformation monitoring measurement, although can accomplish real-time automatically-monitored measurement.But its measuring error is comparatively large, general full accuracy ± 3mm, and technical regulation permissible accuracy is 0.5mm ~ 1mm; In addition, laser radar and laser range finder belong to exact instrument, expensive equipment, and Tunnel during Construction bad environments (moist, explosion produces vibration and dust), is difficult to be applied at tunnel deformation monitoring measurement.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is, there is provided one can improve tunnel deformation measuring accuracy, reduce metrology operation to the interference of constructing tunnel and the monitoring measurement method of employing displacement sensor tunnel deformation realizing the robotization of tunnel deformation monitoring measurement.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation, comprises the steps:
1) at the vault setting vault measuring point of the arch form tunnel cross-section of monitoring measurement, the left measuring point of symmetrical setting and right measuring point on arch form tunnel cross-section, and connect left measuring point and the horizontal survey line of right measuring point formation;
2) adopt the pre-buried mode of boring at vault measuring point place or vertical connecting link is set by welding manner;
3) on vertical connecting link, joint or welding manner fixed displacement transmission lever is passed through;
4) the first pedestal is fixed in displacement transmission lever and horizontal survey line intersection by joint;
5) adopt the pre-buried mode of boring respectively at left measuring point and right measuring point place or arrange level measurement bar by welding manner, the one end closing on displacement transmission lever at level measurement bar is fixedly installed the second pedestal by joint;
6) displacement transmission lever and horizontal survey line joining are set as the first measuring point and the second measuring point respectively;
7) fixed displacement sensor stand on the first pedestal or on the second pedestal, displacement sensor bracket arranges horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer respectively;
8) adopt horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer to measure horizontal clearance between left measuring point and the first measuring point respectively and change W
xAand vertical clearance change W
yA, adopt horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer to measure horizontal clearance between right measuring point and the second measuring point respectively and change W
xBand vertical clearance change W
yB;
9) W is changed according to horizontal clearance between left measuring point and the first measuring point
xAand vertical clearance change W
yA, and between right measuring point and the second measuring point, horizontal clearance changes W
xBand vertical clearance change W
yBjudge tunnel deformation situation.
10) horizontal clearance change W between left measuring point and right measuring point is calculated respectively
x, between vault measuring point and horizontal survey line, vertical clearance changes mean value W
y.
The medial surface in the displacement transmission lever described in step 3) and arch form tunnel does not come in contact.
Described displacement transmission lever and level measure bar at same measuring section and with tunnel longitudinal axis orthogonal.
Displacement transmission lever described in step 3) is curve shape or broken line shape.
Displacement sensor bracket described in step 7) is by magnetic force or is bolted on the first pedestal or is fixed on the second pedestal.
Horizontal clearance change W described in step 10)
xby formula W
x=W
xA+ W
xBobtain.
Vertical clearance change mean value W described in step 10)
yby formula W
y=0.5 × (W
yA+ W
yB) obtain.
Tunnel deformation situation described in step 10) is: when | W
xA| < 0.70|W
xB|, and | W
yA| < 0.70|W
yB| time, tunnel deformation is asymmetric; Or work as | W
xB| < 0.70|W
xA|, and | W
yB| < 0.70|W
yA| time, tunnel deformation is asymmetric.
Described horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer adopt the one in dial gauge, clock gauge, thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement and fiber grating displacement sensor.
When artificial image data, described horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer adopt dial gauge or clock gauge; When automatic monitoring measures, described horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer adopt thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement or fiber grating displacement sensor.
When horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer adopt fiber grating displacement sensor, fiber grating displacement sensor is connected to fiber grating measuring system by optical cable, and fiber grating measuring system comprises fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator, signal transmssion line and computing machine; When horizontal direction displacement transducer and vertical direction displacement transducer adopt thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement, thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement is connected to data collecting instrument by telecommunication cable, and data collecting instrument is connected to computing machine by signal transmssion line.
A kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation of the present invention, have that measuring equipment is simple, test is fast, measuring accuracy is high, to construction interference less, low cost and can the features such as Real-Time Monitoring be realized, can also determine that whether tunnel is by bias effect according to tunnel clearance change test result.The present invention is used for monitoring measurement section many horizontal surveys line, and is applicable to tunnel monitoring deformation measurement in operation.Measurement accuracy of the present invention is 0.01mm ~ 0.001mm, higher than 0.5 ~ 1mm that technical regulation requires.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is tunnel vault measuring point and 1 horizontal survey line schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of displacement transmission lever of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is displacement transducer scheme of installation of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the another kind of scheme of installation of displacement transducer of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is another kind of displacement transmission lever schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is fiber-optic grating sensor automation measurement system;
Fig. 7 is vibrating string type sensor automation measurement system.
In figure
A: left measuring point B: right measuring point
C: vault measuring point D: horizontal survey line
1: medial surface 2: vertical connecting link
3: displacement transmission lever 4: the first pedestal
5: level measures bar 6: displacement sensor bracket
7: horizontal direction displacement transducer 8: the second pedestal
9: joint 10: vertical direction displacement transducer
13: thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement 14: fiber grating displacement sensor
15: optical cable 17: fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator
18: signal transmssion line 19: computing machine
20: telecommunication cable 21: data collecting instrument
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment and accompanying drawing, a kind of monitoring measurement method of displacement sensor tunnel deformation that adopts of the present invention is described in detail.
A kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation of the present invention, comprises the steps:
1) as shown in Figure 1, at the vault setting vault measuring point C of the arch form tunnel cross-section of monitoring measurement, symmetrical setting left measuring point A and right measuring point B on arch form tunnel cross-section, and left measuring point A and the horizontal survey line D of right measuring point B formation is connected;
2) as shown in Figure 2, adopt the pre-buried mode of boring at vault measuring point C place or vertical connecting link 2 is set by welding manner;
3) as shown in Figure 2, by joint or welding manner fixed displacement transmission lever 3 on vertical connecting link 2, described displacement transmission lever 3 does not come in contact with the medial surface 1 in arch form tunnel; As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 5, described displacement transmission lever 3 is curve shape or broken line shape.Further, described displacement transmission lever 3 can be steel pipe, section bar and other components.
4) as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, the first pedestal 4 is fixed in displacement transmission lever 3 and horizontal survey line intersection by joint 9;
5) adopt the pre-buried mode of boring respectively at left measuring point A and right measuring point B place or level be set by welding manner and measure bar 5, described level measure bar 5 and displacement transmission lever 3 at same measuring section and with tunnel longitudinal axis orthogonal.The one end closing on displacement transmission lever 3 at level measurement bar 5 is fixedly installed the second pedestal 8 by joint 9;
6) displacement transmission lever 3 and horizontal survey line D joining are set as the first measuring point A1 and the second measuring point B1 respectively;
7) fixed displacement sensor stand 6 on the first pedestal 4 or on the second pedestal 8, displacement sensor bracket 6 arranges horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 respectively, and described displacement sensor bracket 6 is by magnetic force or is bolted on the first pedestal 4 or is fixed on the second pedestal 8;
Described horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 adopt the one in dial gauge, clock gauge, thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement 13 and fiber grating displacement sensor 14.
When artificial image data, described horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 adopt dial gauge or clock gauge; When automatic measurement (automatic data collection), described horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 adopt thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement 13 or fiber grating displacement sensor 14.
8) when horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 adopt fiber grating displacement sensor 14, fiber grating displacement sensor 14 is connected to fiber grating measuring system 16 by optical cable 15, and fiber grating measuring system 16 comprises fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator 17, signal transmssion line 18 and computing machine 19; When horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 adopt thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement 13, thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement 13 is connected to data collecting instrument 21 by telecommunication cable 20, and data collecting instrument 21 is connected to computing machine 19 by signal transmssion line 18.
9) adopt horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 to measure horizontal clearance between left measuring point A and the first measuring point A1 respectively and change W
xAand vertical clearance change W
yA, adopt horizontal direction displacement transducer 7 and vertical direction displacement transducer 10 to measure horizontal clearance between right measuring point B and the second measuring point B1 respectively and change W
xBand vertical clearance change W
yB;
10) W is changed according to horizontal clearance between left measuring point A and the first measuring point A1
xAand vertical clearance change W
yA, and between right measuring point B and the second measuring point B1, horizontal clearance changes W
xBand vertical clearance change W
yBjudge tunnel deformation situation.
11) horizontal clearance change W between left measuring point A and right measuring point B is calculated respectively
x, between vault measuring point C and horizontal survey line D, vertical clearance changes mean value W
y, described horizontal clearance change W
xby formula W
x=W
xA+ W
xBobtain, described vertical clearance change mean value W
yby formula W
y=0.5 × (W
yA+ W
yB);
Described tunnel deformation situation is: when | W
xA| < 0.7|W
xB|, and | W
yA| < 0.7|W
yB| time, tunnel deformation asymmetric (namely tunnel is by bias effect); Or work as | W
xB| < 0.7|W
xA|, and | W
yB| < 0.7|W
yA| time, tunnel deformation asymmetric (namely tunnel is by bias effect).
Claims (9)
1. adopt a monitoring measurement method for displacement sensor tunnel deformation, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) at vault setting vault measuring point (C) of the arch form tunnel cross-section of monitoring measurement, the left measuring point of symmetrical setting (A) and right measuring point (B) on arch form tunnel cross-section, and connect left measuring point (A) and right measuring point (B) forms horizontal survey line (D);
2) adopt the pre-buried mode of boring at vault measuring point (C) place or vertical connecting link (2) is set by welding manner;
3) on vertical connecting link (2) by joint or welding manner fixed displacement transmission lever (3);
4) the first pedestal (4) is fixed in displacement transmission lever (3) and horizontal survey line intersection by joint (9);
5) adopt the pre-buried mode of boring respectively at left measuring point (A) and right measuring point (B) place or arrange level measurement bar (5) by welding manner, the one end closing on displacement transmission lever (3) in level measurement bar (5) is fixedly installed the second pedestal (8) by joint (9);
6) displacement transmission lever (3) and horizontal survey line (D) joining are set as the first measuring point (A1) and the second measuring point (B1) respectively;
7) or second pedestal (8) upper fixed displacement sensor stand (6) upper at the first pedestal (4), displacement sensor bracket (6) arranges horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) respectively, when horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) adopt fiber grating displacement sensor (14), fiber grating displacement sensor (14) is connected to fiber grating measuring system (16) by optical cable (15), fiber grating measuring system (16) comprises fiber Bragg grating (FBG) demodulator (17), signal transmssion line (18) and computing machine (19), when horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) adopt thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement (13), thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement (13) is connected to data collecting instrument (21) by telecommunication cable (20), and data collecting instrument (21) is connected to computing machine (19) by signal transmssion line (18),
8) adopt horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) to measure horizontal clearance between left measuring point (A) and the first measuring point (A1) respectively and change W
xAand vertical clearance change W
yA, adopt horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) to measure horizontal clearance between right measuring point (B) and the second measuring point (B1) respectively and change W
xBand vertical clearance change W
yB;
9) W is changed according to horizontal clearance between left measuring point (A) and the first measuring point (A1)
xAand vertical clearance change W
yA, and between right measuring point (B) and the second measuring point (B1), horizontal clearance changes W
xBand vertical clearance change W
yBjudge tunnel deformation situation, described tunnel deformation situation is: when | W
xA| < 0.70|W
xB|, and | W
yA| < 0.70|W
yB| time, tunnel deformation is asymmetric; Or work as | W
xB| < 0.70|W
xA|, and | W
yB| < 0.70|W
yA| time, tunnel deformation is asymmetric;
10) horizontal clearance change W between left measuring point (A) and right measuring point (B) is calculated respectively
x, between vault measuring point (C) and horizontal survey line (D), vertical clearance changes mean value W
y.
2. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) described in the medial surface (1) in displacement transmission lever (3) and arch form tunnel do not come in contact.
3. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described displacement transmission lever (3) and level measure bar (5) at same measuring section and with tunnel longitudinal axis orthogonal.
4. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 3) described in displacement transmission lever (3) be curve shape or broken line shape.
5. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 7) described in displacement sensor bracket (6) be by magnetic force or to be bolted to the first pedestal (4) upper or be fixed on the second pedestal (8).
6. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 10) described in horizontal clearance change W
xby formula W
x=W
xA+ W
xBobtain.
7. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 10) described in vertical clearance change mean value W
yby formula W
y=0.5 × (W
yA+ W
yB) obtain.
8. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) adopt the one in dial gauge, clock gauge, thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement (13) and fiber grating displacement sensor (14).
9. a kind of monitoring measurement method adopting displacement sensor tunnel deformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, when artificial image data, described horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) adopt dial gauge or clock gauge; When automatic monitoring measures, described horizontal direction displacement transducer (7) and vertical direction displacement transducer (10) adopt thread-vibration type device for sensing displacement (13) or fiber grating displacement sensor (14).
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210396378.9A CN102914282B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | Monitoring and measuring method using displacement sensor to measure tunnel deformation |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210396378.9A CN102914282B (en) | 2012-10-18 | 2012-10-18 | Monitoring and measuring method using displacement sensor to measure tunnel deformation |
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| CN102914282B true CN102914282B (en) | 2015-02-25 |
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| CN104931006A (en) * | 2015-05-05 | 2015-09-23 | 中国矿业大学 | Device of dynamically monitoring surrounding rock deformation of filled tunnel |
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| CN105750746B (en) * | 2016-05-09 | 2018-04-20 | 上海电气核电设备有限公司 | A kind of adapter welding deformation measurement and preventing mean |
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| CN109387151B (en) * | 2018-11-21 | 2024-02-27 | 华侨大学 | Method for measuring tunnel model displacement and convergence in indoor test |
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| CN110567428B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-04-09 | 东北电力大学 | Frozen expansive soil body displacement detection device and installation method thereof |
| CN110954053B (en) * | 2019-11-18 | 2021-03-30 | 同济大学 | Tunnel model surrounding rock internal displacement monitoring test platform |
| CN112697010A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-23 | 陕西理工大学 | Efficient installation structure of displacement measuring instrument and construction method thereof |
| CN114414182A (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2022-04-29 | 浙大城市学院 | Model box test system comprising vibration test and use method thereof |
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| CN201262546Y (en) * | 2008-04-14 | 2009-06-24 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | TBM tunnel clearance displacement monitoring system |
| KR20100023247A (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2010-03-04 | 건양대학교산학협력단 | Fbg sensor clinometer |
| CN101639353B (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-08-24 | 长安大学 | Gauge for three directional deformation of ground fissure |
| CN202074964U (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-12-14 | 中铁西南科学研究院有限公司 | Tunnel convergence laser monitoring system |
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Address after: 510000 Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, Nansha District, Mingzhuwan Starting Area, West Side of Industrial Fourth Road, No. 2 Co-patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY TUNNEL SURVEY & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY TUNNEL GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 471009 No.3 Hospital of Zhuangyuan Honglu, Xigong District, Luoyang City, Henan Province Co-patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY TUNNEL SURVEY & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY TUNNELS GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
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Effective date of registration: 20190830 Address after: 510000 Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, Nansha District, Mingzhuwan Starting Area, West Side of Industrial Fourth Road, No. 2 Co-patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY LIUYUAN GROUP Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: CHINA RAILWAY TUNNEL GROUP Co.,Ltd. Address before: 510000 Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, Nansha District, Mingzhuwan Starting Area, West Side of Industrial Fourth Road, No. 2 Co-patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY TUNNEL SURVEY & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Patentee before: CHINA RAILWAY TUNNEL GROUP Co.,Ltd. |
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| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20150225 |