CN109386298B - Prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring facilities - Google Patents
Prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring facilities Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109386298B CN109386298B CN201811371994.2A CN201811371994A CN109386298B CN 109386298 B CN109386298 B CN 109386298B CN 201811371994 A CN201811371994 A CN 201811371994A CN 109386298 B CN109386298 B CN 109386298B
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- steel arch
- testing device
- internal force
- surrounding rock
- rock pressure
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 79
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 101150097977 arch-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 23
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/0028—Force sensors associated with force applying means
- G01L5/0033—Force sensors associated with force applying means applying a pulling force
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring equipment. According to the invention, various monitoring devices are integrated in advance on the existing designed arch frame, so that construction stagnation caused by on-site installation of various devices is avoided and surrounding rock pressure born by the section of the lining structure at the bottom layer can be systematically measured while the stress and the distribution characteristics of the primary support structure are truly obtained, and the radial and axial internal force of the primary support structure and the internal force of the steel arch frame can obtain more accurate results; the invention can also adapt to the requirements of different arches by adjusting the installation equipment, and expands the application range of the invention.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring equipment.
Background
At present, tunnel lining structure design is carried out according to a reconnaissance result, and design change is carried out through advanced geological radar and convergence deformation observation in an actual construction process. The existing test methods are all passive or indirect measurement methods, the method has low precision and delayed test effect, and meanwhile, the installation of force measuring equipment often causes the sealing delay of tunnel face grouting, so that potential safety hazards are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a prefabricated tunnel steel arch frame which integrates various monitoring devices and can avoid construction stagnation caused by on-site installation of various devices while truly obtaining the stress and distribution characteristics of an initial supporting structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the prefabricated tunnel steel arch with the monitoring equipment at least comprises a steel arch, and further comprises a surrounding rock pressure testing device, a surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, a surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device, a steel arch flange internal force testing device, a line collecting groove and a first line collector; the steel arch consists of an upper baffle plate, a lower baffle plate and a support plate perpendicular to the two parallel baffle plates, and a first through hole is formed in the bottom of the lower baffle plate of the steel arch; the surrounding rock pressure testing device is contacted with the steel arch through a base fixedly arranged on the upper baffle of the steel arch; the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device and the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device are respectively detachably connected with the steel arch through fixing frames vertically arranged on the lower surface of the upper baffle of the steel arch and the side surface of the supporting plate; the lower surface and the upper surface of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are respectively detachably connected with a steel arch flange internal force testing device; the line collecting groove is arranged on the side surface of the steel arch supporting plate; the first concentrator is connected to the lower surface of the lower part of the lower baffle of the steel arch, and is respectively connected with the surrounding rock pressure testing device, the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device and the steel arch flange internal force testing device through first through holes formed in the bottom of the lower baffle of the steel arch.
End plates are fixedly connected to two ends of the steel arch; the end plate is a rectangular steel plate, and a second through hole for bolting is formed in the rectangular steel plate.
The second through holes are a pair of strip-shaped through holes parallel to the long sides of the rectangle, and the two ends of the second through holes are arc-shaped.
The base and the upper baffle of the steel arch are integrated; the line collecting groove is a tubular or square groove.
The fixing frame is a ruler with a length-adjustable lantern ring.
The second concentrator is arranged at the bottom end of the steel arch and is connected with the surrounding rock pressure testing device, the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device and the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device in a wire mode.
The steel arch is of an I-shaped steel structure.
The surrounding rock pressure testing device is a soil pressure box.
The surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device is a first concrete strain gauge, and the radial concrete internal force testing device is a second concrete strain gauge.
The steel arch flange internal force testing device comprises an outer arch surface strain gauge and an inner arch surface strain gauge, wherein the outer arch surface strain gauge and the inner arch surface strain gauge are detachably connected to the lower surface and the upper surface of the upper baffle plate and the lower surface of the lower baffle plate respectively.
The beneficial effects are that: according to the invention, various monitoring devices are integrated in advance on the existing designed arch frame, so that construction stagnation caused by on-site installation of various devices is avoided and surrounding rock pressure born by the section of the lining structure at the bottom layer can be systematically measured while the stress and the distribution characteristics of the primary support structure are truly obtained, and the radial and axial internal force of the primary support structure and the internal force of the steel arch frame are obtained to obtain relatively systematic and accurate results; the invention can also adapt to the test requirements of installing different arches by adjusting the installation fixing frame of the radial concrete strain gauge, and expands the application range of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a three-dimensional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a front view of the present invention.
In the figure, a 1-steel arch; 2-line collecting grooves; 3-a first hub; 4-baffle plates; 5-supporting plates; 6-a first through hole; 7-a base; 8-fixing frames; 9-end plates; 10-a second through hole; 11-soil pressure box; 12-a first concrete strain gauge; 13-a second concrete strain gauge; 14-outboard arch surface strain gauges; 15-inner arch surface strain gauge; 16-a second hub.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are only some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one:
a prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring equipment as shown in fig. 1-4, comprising at least a steel arch 1, characterized in that: the device also comprises a surrounding rock pressure testing device, a surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, a surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device, a steel arch flange internal force testing device, a line collecting groove 2 and a first line collector 3; the steel arch 1 consists of an upper baffle plate 4, a lower baffle plate 4 and a support plate 5 perpendicular to the two baffle plates 4, wherein a first through hole 6 is formed in the bottom of the lower baffle plate of the steel arch 1; the surrounding rock pressure testing device is contacted with the steel arch 1 through a base 7 fixedly arranged on the upper baffle of the steel arch 1; the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device and the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device are respectively detachably connected with the steel arch 1 through fixing frames 8 vertically arranged on the lower surface of the upper baffle plate of the steel arch 1 and the side surface of the supporting plate 5; the lower surface and the upper surface of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are respectively detachably connected with a steel arch flange internal force testing device; the line collecting groove 2 is formed in the side face of the supporting plate 5 of the steel arch 1; the first concentrator 3 is connected to the lower surface of the lower part of the lower baffle of the steel arch 1, and the first concentrator 3 is respectively connected with the surrounding rock pressure testing device, the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device and the steel arch flange internal force testing device through a first through hole 6 formed in the bottom of the lower baffle of the steel arch 1.
Preferably, the fixing frame 8 is a ruler with a length-adjustable collar.
When in actual use, the installation process of the arch is the same as the installation process of a common tunnel steel arch in the prior art. Only in the installation process, the soil pressure box 11 on the outer surface of the prefabricated steel arch 1 is required to be tightly attached to surrounding rock, and if the soil pressure box 11 cannot be tightly attached to the surrounding rock, a steel backing plate with the same area as the soil pressure box can be arranged; the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device is provided with a length-adjustable ruler with a lantern ring, and the concrete internal force testing device can be supported between the concrete internal force testing device and a common arch frame; the contact soil pressure box is prevented from being stained with sprayed concrete, namely, for installation, all test equipment connecting wires are concentrated in the hub through the line collecting groove 2, the connecting part is prefabricated with the line collecting groove to lead out test wires, and later-stage reading test data is obtained through the hub in a manual reading or mechanical reading mode. The prefabricated steel arch 1 can be provided with different equipment groups according to different development modes. Different test equipment of steel bow member is through plug quick connect for equipment connection is convenient. After the installation is completed, the installation initial parameters are obtained at the first hub 3. The fixing frame 8 is a ruler with a length-adjustable lantern ring, and the fixing frame 8 with different lengths can be matched for adjustment to adapt to the test requirements of installing different arches, so that the application range of the invention is enlarged.
According to the invention, through the arrangement of the surrounding rock pressure testing device, the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device and the steel arch flange internal force testing device, the stress magnitude and the distribution characteristics of the primary support structure can be truly obtained, meanwhile, construction stagnation caused by on-site installation of various devices is avoided, the surrounding rock pressure born by the section of the lining structure at the bottom layer can be systematically measured, and the radial and axial internal force of the primary support structure and the internal force of the steel arch are obtained, so that a relatively systematic and accurate result is obtained.
Embodiment two:
a prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring equipment as shown in fig. 1-4 differs from the first embodiment in that: end plates 9 are fixedly connected to two ends of the steel arch 1; the end plate 9 is a rectangular steel plate, and a second through hole 10 for bolting is formed in the rectangular steel plate.
Preferably, the second through hole 10 is a pair of elongated through holes parallel to the long side of the rectangle, and two ends of the second through hole 10 are arc-shaped.
Preferably, the base 7 is integrated with the upper baffle of the steel arch 1; the line collecting groove 2 is a tubular or square groove.
When in actual use, the end plates 9 are fixedly connected to the two ends of the steel arch 1, the steel arch 1 is convenient to install, the end plates 9 are rectangular steel plates and are provided with second through holes 10 for bolting, so that the connection can be completed only by bolts, and the steel arch is convenient and fast to install. The second through holes 10 are a pair of long strip-shaped through holes parallel to the long sides of the rectangle, so that the adjustment during installation is convenient; the two ends of the second through hole 10 are arc-shaped, so as to be matched with the bolts well, and the installation of the steel arch is more stable.
The base 7 and the upper baffle of the steel arch 1 are integrated, and the base 7 can be sunken in the upper surface of the upper baffle of the steel arch 1 during prefabrication, so that the base 7 is arranged, the rigidity of the steel arch 1 is not affected, the distance between the steel arch and a surrounding rock piece is reduced, and the installation safety of the steel arch 1 is ensured; the line collecting groove 2 adopts a tubular or square groove, and can meet the requirements of various testing devices.
Embodiment III:
a prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring equipment as shown in fig. 1-4 differs from the first embodiment in that: the second concentrator 16 is arranged at the bottom end of the steel arch 1 and is in line connection with a surrounding rock pressure testing device, a surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, a surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device and a steel arch flange internal force testing device.
Preferably, the steel arch 1 is of an I-steel structure.
Preferably, the surrounding rock pressure testing device is a soil pressure box 11.
It is preferable that the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device is a first concrete strain gauge 12, and the radial concrete internal force testing device is a second concrete strain gauge 13.
Preferably, the steel arch flange internal force testing device comprises an outer arch surface strain gauge 14 and an inner arch surface strain gauge 15, and the outer arch surface strain gauge 14 and the inner arch surface strain gauge 15 are detachably connected to the lower surface and the upper surface of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate respectively.
When the steel arch centering device is actually used, a plurality of adjacent steel arches 1 can be connected with a link through the second hub 16 when the plurality of steel arches 1 are required to be arranged according to construction requirements, and then the plurality of adjacent steel arches 1 are linked for a plurality of times through the second hub 16, so that test data of test equipment on all the steel arches 1 are read; by adjusting the radial concrete internal force testing device of the adjacent steel arches 1, namely the fixing frame of the second concrete strain gauge 13, the arch testing requirements of different intervals are ensured. The steel arch 1 adopts an I-steel structure, which is convenient for selecting materials and reduces the increase of cost caused by adopting special materials. When a plurality of steel arches 1 are arranged, the number of wiring terminals at the joint positions of the thickness of the concentrator and the arches is correspondingly increased. All the test devices are installed at the corresponding positions to be tested.
In summary, by integrating various monitoring devices in advance on an existing designed arch frame, the invention can truly obtain the stress and distribution characteristics of the primary support structure, meanwhile, construction stagnation caused by on-site installation of various devices is avoided, and the surrounding rock pressure, the radial and axial internal force of the primary support structure and the internal force of the steel arch frame can be systematically measured, so that a more accurate result is obtained; the invention can also adapt to the requirements of different arches by adjusting the installation equipment, and expands the application range of the invention.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the particular posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
Furthermore, the description of "first," "second," etc. in this disclosure is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature.
The technical solutions between the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary to base the implementation on the basis of those skilled in the art that when the combination of technical solutions contradicts or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. Prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring facilities includes steel arch (1) at least, its characterized in that: the device also comprises a surrounding rock pressure testing device, a surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, a surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device, a steel arch flange internal force testing device, a line collecting groove (2) and a first line collector (3); the steel arch (1) consists of an upper baffle plate (4) and a lower baffle plate (4) which are parallel and a support plate (5) which is perpendicular to the two baffle plates (4), and a first through hole (6) is formed in the bottom of the lower baffle plate of the steel arch (1); the surrounding rock pressure testing device is contacted with the steel arch (1) through a base (7) fixedly arranged on the upper baffle of the steel arch (1); the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device and the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device are respectively detachably connected with the steel arch (1) through fixing frames (8) vertically arranged on the lower surface of the upper baffle of the steel arch (1) and the side surface of the supporting plate (5); the lower surface and the upper surface of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate are respectively detachably connected with a steel arch flange internal force testing device; the line collecting groove (2) is arranged on the side surface of the supporting plate (5) of the steel arch (1); the first concentrator (3) is connected to the lower surface of the lower part of the lower baffle of the steel arch (1), and the first concentrator (3) is respectively connected with the surrounding rock pressure testing device, the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device and the steel arch flange internal force testing device through a first through hole (6) formed in the bottom of the lower baffle of the steel arch (1);
the base (7) and the upper baffle of the steel arch (1) are integrated; the line collecting groove (2) is a tubular or square groove;
the fixing frame (8) is a ruler with a length-adjustable collar;
the device further comprises a second concentrator (16), wherein the second concentrator (16) is arranged at the bottom end of the steel arch (1) and is in wire connection with the surrounding rock pressure testing device, the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device, the surrounding rock pressure radial concrete internal force testing device and the steel arch flange internal force testing device.
2. A prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: end plates (9) are fixedly connected to two ends of the steel arch (1); the end plate (9) is a rectangular steel plate, and a second through hole (10) for bolting is formed in the rectangular steel plate.
3. A prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring device according to claim 2, characterized in that: the second through holes (10) are a pair of strip-shaped through holes parallel to the long sides of the rectangle, and two ends of the second through holes (10) are arc-shaped.
4. A prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the steel arch (1) is of an I-shaped steel structure.
5. A prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surrounding rock pressure testing device is a soil pressure box (11).
6. A prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the surrounding rock pressure axial concrete internal force testing device is a first concrete strain gauge (12), and the radial concrete internal force testing device is a second concrete strain gauge (13).
7. A prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the steel arch flange internal force testing device comprises an outer arch surface strain gauge (14) and an inner arch surface strain gauge (15), wherein the outer arch surface strain gauge (14) and the inner arch surface strain gauge (15) are detachably connected to the lower surface and the upper surface of the upper baffle plate and the lower baffle plate respectively.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811371994.2A CN109386298B (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring facilities |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201811371994.2A CN109386298B (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring facilities |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109386298A CN109386298A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
| CN109386298B true CN109386298B (en) | 2024-03-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201811371994.2A Active CN109386298B (en) | 2018-11-16 | 2018-11-16 | Prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring facilities |
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| CN (1) | CN109386298B (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110778340B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-01-05 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Steel arch strain gauge embedded structure and construction method thereof |
| CN112983540B (en) * | 2021-03-16 | 2021-12-28 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Construction method and protection tool for tunnel deformation monitoring points |
| CN114235034A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-03-25 | 山东大学 | Tunnel surrounding rock stress and steel arch frame strain integrated measurement auxiliary device and method |
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| JP2015081425A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-04-27 | 清水建設株式会社 | Steel support and structure of lining concrete |
| CN105332739A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-17 | 同济大学 | Tunnel supporting structure stress monitoring device and method |
| CN106499397A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-03-15 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of soft rock tunnel deformation control method that is analyzed based on rockbolt stress |
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| CN108397217A (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2018-08-14 | 山东大学 | The tunnel steel arch frame transport fitting machine and method that achievable monitoring element is laid in advance |
| CN209469445U (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2019-10-08 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | A kind of prefabricated tunnel steel arch frame with monitoring device |
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2018
- 2018-11-16 CN CN201811371994.2A patent/CN109386298B/en active Active
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2015081425A (en) * | 2013-10-22 | 2015-04-27 | 清水建設株式会社 | Steel support and structure of lining concrete |
| CN105332739A (en) * | 2015-10-14 | 2016-02-17 | 同济大学 | Tunnel supporting structure stress monitoring device and method |
| CN106499397A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-03-15 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of soft rock tunnel deformation control method that is analyzed based on rockbolt stress |
| CN108019222A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-05-11 | 三峡大学 | A kind of tunnel lining structure filled using haydite and construction method |
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| CN109386298A (en) | 2019-02-26 |
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