CN112983540B - Construction method and protection tool for tunnel deformation monitoring points - Google Patents
Construction method and protection tool for tunnel deformation monitoring points Download PDFInfo
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- CN112983540B CN112983540B CN202110281260.0A CN202110281260A CN112983540B CN 112983540 B CN112983540 B CN 112983540B CN 202110281260 A CN202110281260 A CN 202110281260A CN 112983540 B CN112983540 B CN 112983540B
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- monitoring point
- protection tool
- steel frame
- construction method
- steel
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
Abstract
The invention provides a construction method and a protection tool for a tunnel deformation monitoring point, which belong to the technical field of tunnel engineering monitoring and measurement, and specifically comprise the following steps: after the steel frame is installed, an observation position is determined on the steel frame, a monitoring point is installed on the observation position, the monitoring point comprises a body and a reflective sticker adhered on the body, and the body is a round or square rust removing steel sheet; after observing and recording the initial degree of a monitoring point, wrapping a reflective sticker with a shelter; before the concrete is sprayed, connecting a protection tool with a steel frame around a monitoring point, wherein the monitoring point is arranged in the protection tool; after the concrete is sprayed and before the concrete is not hardened, removing the protection tool and removing the shielding object; wherein, the protection frock is the one end open-ended cover body, and the open end is provided with the bayonet socket, and the cover body passes through the flange board joint of bayonet socket and steelframe. The body of the monitoring point is welded on the steel frame, so that the monitoring point is firm and firm, and is protected by double measures of protecting the tool and the shielding object, and the monitoring point is prevented from being polluted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering monitoring and measurement, and particularly relates to a construction method and a protection tool for a tunnel deformation monitoring point.
Background
In the construction process of underground engineering such as tunnels and the like, arch settlement and clearance convergence are the most visual expression of dynamic change of surrounding rocks, can reflect the reasonability of the stability, construction method and support parameters of the surrounding rocks, and are easy to generate large deformation particularly in weak strata after tunnel excavation, and field monitoring and measurement are very important for guiding safe construction of the tunnels. By analyzing and predicting the monitoring data of the settlement and clearance convergence site of the arch part, a basis can be provided for adjusting the construction step sequence, selecting reasonable supporting time and supporting parameters and ensuring safe construction. Therefore, deformation monitoring such as vault settlement and clearance convergence must be carried out on the surrounding rocks of the tunnel to ensure the safety in the tunnel during construction.
In the prior art, expansion bolts are usually installed on the surface of surrounding rock or sprayed concrete by drilling, hooks are installed on reserved holes, and the deformation condition of a tunnel is mastered by regularly observing the coordinate change of a measuring point by using a total station. The monitoring point is buried in the observation position, which has the following problems: : 1. the construction difficulty of embedding is high due to the difficulty of forming hard and broken rock mass holes; 2. if the anchoring agent used during burying is exploded in the hardening process, the monitoring point is loosened, and further measurement errors are caused; 3. the monitoring points are exposed, the monitoring points are easily damaged due to the interference of factors such as blasting, machinery and manpower, and new problems can be caused even if protective measures are added, such as adding a protective cover, so that later-stage measurement work is inconvenient, such as overhead work, hook work and limited total station erection positions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that deformation monitoring points in underground engineering such as tunnels and the like in the prior art are difficult to construct and easy to pollute, and measurement is inaccurate.
In order to solve the technical problem, in a first aspect, the invention provides a construction method of a tunnel deformation monitoring point, which specifically comprises the following steps:
after the steel frame is installed, an observation position is determined on the steel frame, a monitoring point is installed on the observation position, the monitoring point comprises a body and a reflective sticker adhered on the body, and the body is a round or square rust removing steel sheet;
after observing and recording the initial degree of a monitoring point, wrapping a reflective sticker with a shelter;
before the concrete is sprayed, connecting a protection tool with a steel frame around a monitoring point, wherein the monitoring point is arranged in the protection tool;
after the concrete is sprayed and before the concrete is not hardened, removing the protection tool and removing the shielding object;
wherein, the protection frock is the one end open-ended cover body, and the open end is provided with the bayonet socket, the cover body passes through the flange board joint of bayonet socket and steelframe.
Optionally, the method further includes: and measuring the distance between the steel frames, and determining the length of the cover body according to the distance between the steel frames, wherein the cover body is fixed between the steel frames through steel wires.
Optionally, the method further includes: the body is welded on a lower flange plate of the steel frame, the body is obliquely arranged relative to the flange plate, and the orientation of the reflecting veneers on the body is positioned at an observation station in the tunnel.
Optionally, an included angle formed between the body and the flange plate is 80-85 °.
Optionally, the diameter of the body is 6 centimeters, and the distance between the body and the outer edge of the steel frame flange plate is 1-2 centimeters.
In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a protection tool, including: the cover body of one end open-ended, and be provided with the bayonet socket on the open end, the bayonet socket is two kerfs that extend from the terminal surface of open end to the other end, and two kerfs symmetrical arrangement and cutting depth are the same.
Optionally, the cover body comprises a cylinder and geotextile, one end of the cylinder is open, and the other end of the cylinder covers the geotextile.
Optionally, the cylinder is made of PVC material.
Optionally, the width of the joint seam is 1-2 cm, and the length of the joint seam is 5-8 cm.
Optionally, the length of the cylinder is equal to the steel frame spacing.
Has the advantages that:
the invention provides a construction method of a tunnel deformation monitoring point, wherein the monitoring point comprises a body and a reflecting sticker attached to the body, the body is welded on a steel frame, the monitoring point is not influenced by subsequent construction, the monitoring point is firm and firm, the monitoring point is protected by a protection tool and a shielding object when concrete is sprayed, the monitoring point is prevented from being polluted, surrounding rocks and sprayed concrete are not required to be drilled, an anchoring agent is not used, the construction is convenient, the reliability is high, no measurement error exists, in addition, the protection tool can be repeatedly used, the cost is saved, the initial data can be observed after the steel frame is erected by excavating rock masses by adopting the monitoring point installed by the method, compared with the conventional method for observing the initial data after the concrete spraying construction is finished, the method is more complete for observing the deformation of the surrounding rocks.
The invention provides a protection tool which comprises a cover body with an opening at one end, wherein a bayonet is arranged at the opening end and is clamped with a steel beam through the bayonet, so that the protection tool is convenient to mount and dismount, materials can be obtained on site, the protection tool is rapid to manufacture and mount, small in interference on construction and capable of being recycled, the cost is saved, monitoring points are protected in the process of spraying concrete, and the monitoring points are prevented from being polluted.
The above description of the construction method and the protection tool for a tunnel deformation monitoring point according to the present invention is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, and in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention may be implemented according to the content of the description, and in order to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following detailed description of the present invention is given.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a steel frame with monitoring points installed in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the protection tool of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention; the "and/or" keyword referred to in this embodiment represents sum or two cases, in other words, a and/or B mentioned in the embodiment of the present invention represents two cases of a and B, A or B, and describes three states where a and B exist, such as a and/or B, which represents: only A does not include B; only B does not include A; including A and B.
Also, in embodiments of the invention where an element is referred to as being "secured to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When one component is said to be "in communication with" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or intervening components may be present. When a component is referred to as being "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or intervening components may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like as used in the embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in an embodiment of the present invention, a construction method of a tunnel deformation monitoring point is provided, which includes:
after the steel frame 1 is installed, an observation position is determined on the steel frame 1, a monitoring point 2 is installed on the observation position, the monitoring point 2 comprises a body 20 and a reflecting sticker adhered to the body, and the body 20 is a round or square rust removing steel sheet;
after observing and recording the initial degree of the monitoring point 2, wrapping the reflective sticker with a shelter;
before the concrete is sprayed, a protection tool 3 is connected with a steel frame 1 around a monitoring point 2, and the monitoring point 2 is arranged in the protection tool;
after the concrete is sprayed and before the concrete is not hardened, the protection tool 3 is removed, and the shelter is removed;
wherein, protection frock 3 is the one end open-ended cover body 30, and the open end is provided with bayonet 31, cover body 30 passes through bayonet 31 and steelframe 1's flange board 10 joint.
Specifically, set up monitoring point 2 on steelframe 1 in this embodiment, need not to drill surrounding rock and spray concrete, also do not use the anchoring agent, construction convenience, the reliability is high, there is not measuring error, when spray concrete, protect monitoring point 2 through protection frock 3, avoid monitoring point 2 to be stained by the concrete, and accomplish initial data before the retarded soil sprays and measure, after tunnel excavation steelframe was executed, there is monitoring data promptly, need not to wait for spray concrete sclerosis, the data of monitoring measurationing is complete, in addition, 3 joints of protection frock are on steelframe 1's flange board 10, the cover body 30 passes through the steel wire to be fixed on steelframe 1, easy to assemble dismantles, dismantle the protection frock after this monitoring point construction is accomplished, can also cyclic utilization, and the cost is saved.
Further, the method further comprises: measuring the steel frame distance, determining the length of the cover body 30 according to the steel frame distance, fixing the cover body 30 between the steel frames 1 through steel wires, and if the distance between adjacent steel frames is 60cm, designing the length of the cover body 30 to be 60cm, wherein the steel frame distance refers to the steel frame construction distance and the distance between two adjacent steel frames.
Further, the method further comprises: the body 20 is welded on the lower flange plate 10 of the steel frame 1, the body is obliquely arranged, the reflecting veneering on the body 20 faces to a total station in the tunnel, and the monitoring point is hidden between the upper flange plate and the lower flange plate of the steel frame, so that the monitoring point is not influenced by subsequent construction, and is firm and antifouling. As the steel frame web plate is generally reserved with the round holes to be used as the advanced small guide pipe in the tunnel site construction process, the round iron sheets cut off during hole reservation can be used as the body after derusting and cleaning, monitoring points are manufactured, local materials are obtained, leftover materials are used, the bearing is saved, the manufacturing and installation of the body are rapid, and the interference to subsequent construction is small.
Furthermore, the included angle that forms between body and the flange board in this embodiment is 80 ~85, and the body slopes forward 5~ 10 promptly, and the body slope sets up makes the reflection of light paste towards the observation website that is located the tunnel, guarantees that the measuring result is accurate.
Furthermore, the diameter of the body 20 of the embodiment is 6 cm, and the distance between the body 20 and the outer edge of the steel frame flange plate 10 is 1-2 cm, so that the flange plate 10 is prevented from shielding the reflective sticker, and the measurement result is ensured.
Example two
Referring to fig. 2, a protection tool according to a second embodiment of the present invention includes: one end of the cover body 30 is open, and the open end is provided with a bayonet 31, the bayonet 31 is two slits 32 extending from the end surface of the open end to the other end, and the two slits 32 are symmetrically arranged and have the same cutting depth.
Further, the specific structure of this embodiment is as follows: cover body 30 includes drum and geotechnological cloth, the one end opening of drum, and the other end covers geotechnological cloth, and geotechnological cloth passes through the steel wire winding to be fixed in the one end of drum in this embodiment, and geotechnological cloth can be taken from when the tunnel is executed and is made the secondary lining, and the geotechnological cloth of establishing is hung on the preliminary bracing surface, has certain puncture-proof ability, and the size of a dimension satisfies that drum one end seals can, and local materials practice thrift the cost. The cylinder is made of PVC materials, the cylinder is prefabricated and formed, the length of the cylinder is set according to the distance between steel frames, for example, HW200b section steel and the distance between the steel frames is 60cm, the PVC (polyvinyl chloride) cylinder is taken, the cutting length is 60cm, the seam width of the cutting seam 32 is 1-2 cm, the seam length is 5-8 cm, the diameter of the cylinder is 15-25 cm, the cover body 30 is buckled with the flange of the steel frame through the cutting seam 32, and the protection tool is convenient to install and disassemble. The material of protection frock in this embodiment can draw materials on the spot, and the preparation installation is rapid, and is little to the construction interference, can recycle, practices thrift the cost, protects the monitoring point at the in-process of shotcrete, avoids the monitoring point to be polluted.
Finally, it should be noted that while the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications of these embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to encompass such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a tunnel deformation monitoring point is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
after the steel frame is installed, an observation position is determined on the steel frame, a monitoring point is installed on the observation position, the monitoring point comprises a body and a reflective sticker adhered on the body, and the body is a round or square rust removing steel sheet;
after observing and recording the initial degree of a monitoring point, wrapping a reflective sticker with a shelter;
before the concrete is sprayed, connecting a protection tool with a steel frame around a monitoring point, wherein the monitoring point is arranged in the protection tool;
after the concrete is sprayed and before the concrete is not hardened, removing the protection tool and removing the shielding object;
wherein, the protection frock is the one end open-ended cover body, and the open end is provided with the bayonet socket, the cover body passes through the flange board joint of bayonet socket and steelframe.
2. The construction method of the tunnel deformation monitoring point as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: and measuring the distance between the steel frames, and determining the length of the cover body according to the distance between the steel frames, wherein the cover body is fixed between the steel frames through steel wires.
3. The construction method of the tunnel deformation monitoring point as claimed in claim 1, further comprising: the body is welded on a lower flange plate of a steel frame, the body is obliquely arranged relative to the lower flange plate, and the reflecting veneers on the body face a measuring station in the tunnel.
4. The construction method of a tunnel deformation monitoring point according to claim 3, wherein an included angle formed between the body and the lower flange plate is 80-85 °.
5. The construction method of the tunnel deformation monitoring point as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the diameter of the body is 6 centimeters, and the distance between the body and the outer edge of the lower flange plate of the steel frame is 1-2 centimeters.
6. A protection tool is used for the construction method of the tunnel deformation monitoring point according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and comprises the following components: the cover body of one end open-ended, and be provided with the bayonet socket on the open end, the bayonet socket is two kerfs that extend from the terminal surface of open end to the other end, and two kerfs symmetrical arrangement and cutting depth are the same.
7. The protective tool according to claim 6, wherein the cover comprises a cylinder and a geotextile, one end of the cylinder is open, and the other end of the cylinder covers the geotextile.
8. The protective tooling of claim 7 wherein the cylinder is fabricated from a PVC material.
9. The protection tool according to claim 8, wherein the slit has a slit width of 1-2 cm and a slit length of 5-8 cm.
10. The protection tool of claim 9, wherein: the length of the cylinder is equal to the distance between the steel frames.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110281260.0A CN112983540B (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Construction method and protection tool for tunnel deformation monitoring points |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110281260.0A CN112983540B (en) | 2021-03-16 | 2021-03-16 | Construction method and protection tool for tunnel deformation monitoring points |
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| CN112983540A CN112983540A (en) | 2021-06-18 |
| CN112983540B true CN112983540B (en) | 2021-12-28 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US3133468A (en) * | 1961-03-21 | 1964-05-19 | James D Cumming | Tension indicating device |
| DK201001031A (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2012-05-13 | Nat Oilwell Varco Denmark Is | A flexible pipe system |
| CN109386298B (en) * | 2018-11-16 | 2024-03-01 | 中铁十二局集团有限公司 | Prefabricated tunnel steel arch with monitoring facilities |
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