CN110849719B - Monitoring method for compression and tensile deformation of stress rod piece based on optical fiber sensing technology - Google Patents
Monitoring method for compression and tensile deformation of stress rod piece based on optical fiber sensing technology Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0017—Tensile
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for monitoring compression and tensile deformation of a stress rod piece in an optical fiber sensing technology, which comprises the following steps of: selecting different sensing optical cables for installation according to the types of the support rods in the area to be detected in the foundation pit support structure, namely a quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable or a quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable, wherein the sensing optical cable is connected with an FBG demodulator; the FBG demodulator sends out a broadband optical signal, transmits the broadband optical signal to the sensing optical cable and reflects a group of narrow-band light with different wavelengths; when the sensing optical cable changes along with the support rod piece, the resonance wavelength of the sensing optical cable is caused to drift, the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light is identified through the FBG demodulator, and the wavelength change of the narrow-band light is monitored so as to judge whether the support rod piece is in tensile deformation or compressive deformation. The invention has the advantages that: compared with the traditional point type monitoring method, the quasi-distributed monitoring is realized by using the optical fiber sensing technology, and the convenience, sensitivity and precision of measurement are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic monitoring, and particularly relates to a monitoring method for compression and tensile deformation of a stress rod piece based on an optical fiber sensing technology.
Background
In the existing foundation pit construction, collapse caused by instability of a foundation pit side slope can cause serious safety risks or accidents of the foundation pit and surrounding building facilities. At present, manual site measurement is mostly adopted for monitoring in a foundation pit construction process, the construction site is monitored through instruments such as a full-rotating instrument, a level gauge and a reading instrument, a large amount of time of technicians is often spent in the mode, data cannot be rapidly acquired, manual monitoring is adopted, the coverage density is often monitored to be small, the requirement of early warning cannot be met, and the personal safety of measuring personnel cannot be guaranteed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a monitoring method for compression and tensile deformation of a stress rod piece based on an optical fiber sensing technology, which monitors by arranging a quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or a quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable on a support rod piece so as to monitor and judge whether the support rod piece is compressed or tensile deformed.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a monitoring method for compression and tensile deformation of a stress rod based on optical fiber sensing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining a region to be detected in the foundation pit support structure;
(2) selecting different installation modes according to the types of the support rods in the region to be detected: if the support rod piece is a concrete support, arranging a quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable along the axial direction of the concrete support; if the support rod piece is a steel support, arranging a quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable along the axial direction of the steel support; the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable are/is connected with an FBG (fiber Bragg Grating) demodulator through fiber leads;
(3) the FBG demodulator sends out broadband optical signals, the broadband optical signals are transmitted to the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable, and a group of narrow-band light with different wavelengths is reflected;
(4) when the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable changes along with the support rod piece, causing the resonance wavelength of the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable to drift, identifying the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light through the FBG demodulator, and monitoring the wavelength change of the narrow-band light to obtain the stress change of the support rod piece;
(5) when the stress value on the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable is increased, the fact that the corresponding position on the support rod piece is subjected to tensile deformation is indicated; and when the stress value on the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable is reduced, the situation that the corresponding position on the support rod piece is subjected to compression deformation is indicated.
The quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable comprises a plurality of steel bar stress meters which are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the concrete support, and the steel bar stress meters are connected in series through optical fibers; and when the FBG demodulator identifies the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light, the position of the steel bar stress meter corresponding to the reflected narrow-band light is determined.
The quasi-distributed steel bar strain sensing optical cable is arranged on two symmetrically arranged main bars in the concrete support, and the two main bars are distributed in a U-shaped return circuit.
The quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable comprises a plurality of strain monitoring units which are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the steel support, and the strain monitoring units are connected in series through optical fibers; and when the FBG demodulator identifies the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light, the position of the strain monitoring unit corresponding to the reflected narrow-band light is determined.
The strain monitoring units are distributed on the steel support at intervals along the axial direction, each strain monitoring unit comprises at least four fiber grating strain gauges, the fiber grating strain gauges are distributed at four positions, namely the upper position, the lower position, the left position and the right position of the cross section of the steel support, and the adjacent fiber grating strain gauges are connected in series through optical fibers.
The fiber grating strain gauge is welded and fixed on the steel support surface and comprises a fiber grating strain sensor and a fiber grating temperature sensor which are packaged in a metal sheet or a metal shell.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) compared with the traditional point type monitoring method, the quasi-distributed monitoring is realized by using the optical fiber sensing technology, the convenience, the sensitivity and the precision of measurement are greatly improved, the leakage point can be determined, and the application prospect is larger;
(2) the detection optical fiber has small volume, high precision, light weight, high sensitivity and high reliability, and is extremely easy to be arranged on the surface or inside of an object to be detected, so that the high-precision and interference-free measurement of the object is realized;
(3) the real-time monitoring of the supporting structure is realized, and the internal relation between the force change and the deformation of the stressed rod piece can be mastered; effective quantitative reference data are provided for support system designers, and a solid foundation is laid for scientifically and reasonably designing a foundation pit support system.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the arrangement of monitoring structures within a foundation pit enclosure in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable on a steel support according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the strain monitoring unit on the steel support according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of quasi-distributed reinforcement stress sensing cables on a concrete support according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a calculation flow of the axial force of the support bar measured in the present invention for guiding the support bar to add the axial force.
Detailed Description
The features of the present invention and other related features are described in further detail below by way of example in conjunction with the following drawings to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art:
referring to fig. 1-5, the labels 1-7 in the figures are: the system comprises a foundation pit support structure 1, a steel support 2, a quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable 3, a fiber bragg grating strain gauge 31, an optical fiber 32, a strain monitoring unit 33, a concrete support 4, a quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5, a steel bar stress meter 51, an optical fiber 52, an FBG demodulator 6 and a processing system 7.
Example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment specifically relates to a method for monitoring compression and tensile deformation of a stressed rod based on an optical fiber sensing technology, which specifically includes the following steps:
(1) determining the area of a support rod piece to be detected in the foundation pit support structure 1 according to engineering requirements, and determining the distance between fixing rings according to requirements;
(2) aiming at different types of the supporting rod pieces, different mounting modes are selected:
if the support rod piece is a concrete support 4, a quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 is arranged along the axial direction of the concrete support 4, and the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 is specifically bound and arranged on two main bars symmetrically arranged in the concrete support 4 to form a U-shaped return circuit; the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 comprises a plurality of steel bar stress meters 51 which are arranged on the main steel bars at intervals, the adjacent steel bar stress meters 51 are connected in series through an optical fiber 52, the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 is connected with an FBG demodulator 6 (namely an optical fiber Bragg grating demodulator) through an optical fiber lead wire, and the FBG demodulator 6 is connected with a processing system 7 through a data wire;
if the support rod is the steel support 2, the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable 3 is arranged along the axial direction of the steel support 2, the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable 3 comprises a plurality of strain monitoring units 33 which are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the steel support 2, and the adjacent strain monitoring units 33 are connected in series through optical fibers 32 to form a string; it should be noted that, in order to avoid the inaccurate measured axial force of the steel support 2 due to the unbalanced load, each strain monitoring unit 33 includes at least four fiber grating strain gauges 31 circumferentially (upper, lower, left and right) laid on the cross section of the steel support 2, and the inaccurate axial force due to the unbalanced load is avoided by arranging a plurality of fiber grating strain gauges 31 on the same cross section to take an average value; meanwhile, the fiber grating strain gauge 31 is welded on the steel support 2, and specifically comprises a fiber grating strain sensor and a fiber grating temperature sensor which are packaged in a metal sheet or a metal shell, and the influence of temperature change on monitoring data is eliminated by additionally arranging the fiber grating temperature sensor; the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable 3 is connected with an FBG demodulator 6 (namely a fiber bragg grating demodulator) through an optical fiber lead wire, and the FBG demodulator 6 is connected with a processing system 7 through a data line;
(3) after the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 and/or the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable 3 are/is installed on the supporting rod, the FBG demodulator 6 is used for sending out broadband optical signals to be transmitted to each steel bar stress meter 51 of the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 and/or each strain monitoring unit 33 of the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable 3, the periodic structure of the refractive index distribution causes the reflection of certain specific wavelength light, and after the wavelength selection of the detection optical fibers, a group of narrow-band light with different wavelengths is reflected; the FBG demodulator 6 can receive the reflected narrow-band light and acquire the position of the corresponding steel bar stress gauge 51 or the strain monitoring unit 33;
(4) when the stress of the support rod piece changes, the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable 3 on the support rod piece also correspondingly change, so that the resonance wavelength drifts, the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light is identified through the FBG demodulator 6, and the change of the wavelength, namely the stress change, is monitored;
(5) judging the compression and tensile deformation of the support rod piece according to the monitored stress change data; when the stress value of one or more groups of the steel bar stress meters 51 or the strain monitoring units 33 is detected to be increased, the situation that the tensile deformation occurs at the position on the support rod is indicated; when the stress value of one or more groups of the steel bar stress meters 51 or the strain monitoring units 33 is detected to be reduced, the situation on the support rod is indicated to be subjected to compressive deformation.
It should be noted that, as shown in fig. 5, a calculation process of using the measured axial force of the support rod to guide the support rod to add the axial force is performed, the construction of the foundation pit enclosure structure 1 is completed first, then the first support rod is erected, the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable 5 and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable 3 are/is arranged on the support rod, and the stress change and the axial force of the support rod are obtained through monitoring; secondly, excavating and erecting a second supporting rod piece, and adding the first supporting rod piece to the supporting calculation axial force of the second supporting rod piece according to the monitored axial force of the first supporting rod piece; and repeating the steps until the bottom of the foundation pit is excavated.
The beneficial effect of this embodiment lies in: (1) for foundation pit engineering based on the optical fiber sensing technology, the data change of the tensile and compressive quantities of the support rod after the stress change is monitored along with the change of the excavation depth of the foundation pit, and the mutual relation between the stress change and the deformation of the support rod can be provided for a foundation pit enclosure designer by combining the monitoring data of the support axial force change; and quantifying the reference index, thereby optimizing the design of foundation pit support and ensuring the safety of foundation pit engineering. The monitoring project is a novel monitoring technology which can not be implemented by conventional monitoring; (2) compared with the traditional point type monitoring method, the quasi-distributed monitoring is realized by using the optical fiber sensing technology, the sensitivity and the precision of the measurement are greatly improved, the leakage point can be determined, and the application prospect is wide; (3) the detection optical fiber has small volume, high precision, light weight, high sensitivity and high reliability, and is extremely easy to be arranged on the surface or inside of an object to be detected, so that the high-precision and interference-free measurement of the object is realized; (4) the real-time monitoring of the supporting structure is realized, and the internal relation between the force change and the deformation of the stressed rod piece can be mastered; effective quantitative reference data are provided for support system designers, and a solid foundation is laid for scientifically and reasonably designing a foundation pit support system.
Claims (2)
1. A monitoring method for compression and tensile deformation of a stress rod based on optical fiber sensing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) determining a region to be detected in the foundation pit support structure;
(2) selecting different installation modes according to the types of the support rods in the region to be detected: if the support rod piece is a concrete support, arranging a quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable along the axial direction of the concrete support; if the support rod piece is a steel support, arranging a quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable along the axial direction of the steel support; the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable are/is connected with an FBG (fiber Bragg Grating) demodulator through fiber leads;
(3) the FBG demodulator sends out broadband optical signals, the broadband optical signals are transmitted to the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable, and a group of narrow-band light with different wavelengths is reflected;
(4) when the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable changes along with the support rod piece, causing the resonance wavelength of the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber grating strain sensing optical cable to drift, identifying the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light through the FBG demodulator, and monitoring the wavelength change of the narrow-band light to obtain the stress change of the support rod piece;
(5) when the stress value on the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable is increased, the fact that the corresponding position on the support rod piece is subjected to tensile deformation is indicated; when the stress value on the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable and/or the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable is reduced, the fact that the corresponding position on the support rod piece is subjected to compression deformation is indicated;
the quasi-distributed steel bar stress sensing optical cable comprises a plurality of steel bar stress meters which are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the concrete support, and the steel bar stress meters are connected in series through optical fibers; when the FBG demodulator identifies the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light, the position of the steel bar stress meter corresponding to the reflected narrow-band light is determined; the quasi-distributed steel bar strain sensing optical cable is arranged on two symmetrically arranged main bars in the concrete support and distributed on the two main bars in a U-shaped loop-removing way;
the quasi-distributed fiber bragg grating strain sensing optical cable comprises a plurality of strain monitoring units which are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the steel support, and the strain monitoring units are connected in series through optical fibers; when the FBG demodulator identifies the wavelength of the reflected narrow-band light, the position of the strain monitoring unit corresponding to the reflected narrow-band light is determined;
the strain monitoring units are distributed on the steel support at intervals along the axial direction, each strain monitoring unit comprises at least four fiber grating strain gauges, the fiber grating strain gauges are distributed at four positions, namely the upper position, the lower position, the left position and the right position of the cross section of the steel support, and the adjacent fiber grating strain gauges are connected in series through optical fibers.
2. The method for monitoring the compression and tensile deformation of the stressed rod member based on the optical fiber sensing technology as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fiber grating strain gauge is welded and fixed on the steel supporting surface, and comprises a fiber grating strain sensor and a fiber grating temperature sensor which are packaged in a metal sheet or a metal shell.
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| CN113125292B (en) * | 2021-04-01 | 2022-03-04 | 东北大学 | Device and method for manufacturing anchoring body of pre-buried distributed optical fiber |
| CN113514001A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-10-19 | 上海电力大学 | Iron tower strain monitoring rod piece |
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| CN1400451A (en) * | 2002-08-29 | 2003-03-05 | 武汉理工大学 | Monitoring method of long-period working state of optical fibre grating anchor wire and its equipment |
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