CN113137220A - Isotope staged fracturing tracing technology - Google Patents
Isotope staged fracturing tracing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN113137220A CN113137220A CN202010055998.0A CN202010055998A CN113137220A CN 113137220 A CN113137220 A CN 113137220A CN 202010055998 A CN202010055998 A CN 202010055998A CN 113137220 A CN113137220 A CN 113137220A
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000000700 radioactive tracer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000155 isotopic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012512 characterization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an isotope staged fracturing tracing technology, which comprises the following construction steps: s1: the construction design, formulate the test implementation scheme, select the required isotope tracer kind, according to data such as well spacing, reservoir thickness, porosity, moisture content, connectivity coefficient and instrument, minimum detection limit of well group, calculate the isotope tracer quantity of using according to following steps and formula: first, the maximum dilution volume injected into the formation is calculated: vp = a · H · Sw · η, and secondly, the amount of tracer dosed is calculated: q ═ μ · MDL · Vp; s2: during field construction and fracturing construction, a tracer can be added from a sand mixing truck. According to the isotope staged fracturing tracing technology, the isotope fracturing tracing technology can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the action of the fracturing fluid on the stratum, and the flowback effect and the fracturing measure effect of each section of fracturing fluid in the volume fracturing process are indirectly reflected by monitoring the concentration of each tracer in each section of fracturing flowback fluid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fracture monitoring, in particular to an isotope staged fracturing tracing technology.
Background
Because the porosity and permeability of the tight oil reservoir are extremely low, the tight oil reservoir is usually developed by adopting a technical means of combining horizontal well drilling and volume fracturing. After volume fracturing, a complex fracture network is formed, so that the seepage volume can be increased, and the single-well controlled reserve is improved. The characterization of fracturing is always a key problem in the development of compact oil and even whole unconventional oil and gas reservoirs, and determines the evaluation of fracturing effect and the accuracy of production dynamic prediction. At present, the commonly adopted fracture monitoring means mainly comprise production dynamic analysis, microseism monitoring, fracturing fluid flowback analysis and the like. Production dynamics and fracturing fluid flowback analysis are to simplify a complex fracturing network into a regular fracture network for production prediction, and the result accuracy is low. The microseism monitoring has the defects of low signal-to-noise ratio, high cost and poor credibility, and each layer of each well is not operated and the fracture network participating in flowing can not be evaluated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an isotope staged fracturing tracing technology which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an isotope staged fracturing tracing technology comprises the following construction steps:
s1: the construction design, formulate the test implementation scheme, select the required isotope tracer kind, according to data such as well spacing, reservoir thickness, porosity, moisture content, connectivity coefficient and instrument, minimum detection limit of well group, calculate the isotope tracer quantity of using according to following steps and formula:
first, the maximum dilution volume injected into the formation is calculated:
Vp= A·H·Sw·η，
secondly, calculating the adding amount of the tracer agent:
Q＝μ·MDL·Vp；
s2: during field construction, during fracturing construction, tracer can be added from a sand mixing truck, different tracers are added into different intervals, the injection speed is uniformly adjusted on the field according to different construction discharge volumes, the tracer can also be added into prepared fracturing fluid, and fracturing fluid containing different tracers is used in different reservoirs;
s3: sample collection, during the fracturing fluid flowback, continuously tracking, sampling and monitoring at the outlet (wellhead) of a drainage pipeline until the flowback is finished, wherein the sampling requirements are as follows:
s4: processing a sample, filtering the collected oil-water sample, taking 5ml of filtrate, adding 10ml of scintillation liquid into the filtrate, shaking up, standing, and keeping out of the dark for 24 hours to be tested;
s5: detecting a sample, namely detecting the concentration of a tracer in an isotope element sample by adopting a liquid scintillation analyzer to obtain a concentration curve of the tracer;
s6: analysis and interpretation, comprehensive analysis and treatment of data and curves, comprehensive interpretation and evaluation, and tracer production curve interpretation principle: there are several large channels with several peaks, but there are not necessarily several peaks with several large channels, because several large channels can simultaneously generate tracer, and under the condition of injecting tracer into the same water injection hole 1 time, 2 or more peaks can not be generated in the same 1 large channel.
Preferably, the maximum dilution volume formula is: vp-maximum dilution volume, m 3; a-swept area, m 2; h-injector well effective thickness, m; sw-sand layer water saturation,%; eta-sweep efficiency,%.
Preferably, the isotopic tracer has C14、P32、H3、I125、S35Etc., the tracer having the following conditions:
1) the fracturing fluid has high compatibility with the fracturing fluid and has no influence on the performance of the fracturing fluid;
2) the extremely high detection limit can reach 0.01 Bq/L;
3) long-term chemical and thermal stability;
4) no adsorption on the rock surface or around the wellbore;
5) has no chemical reaction with reservoir fluid and no element exchange.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the invention, the isotope fracturing tracer technology can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the action of the fracturing fluid on the stratum, and the flowback effect and the fracturing measure effect of each section of fracturing fluid in the volume fracturing process are indirectly reflected by monitoring the concentration of each tracer in each section of fracturing flowback fluid, so that the production prediction of a fracture network is well carried out.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example (b):
the invention relates to an isotope staged fracturing tracing technology, which comprises the following construction steps:
s1: construction design, making test scheme, selecting required isotope tracer type, and according to well spacing, reservoir thickness, porosity, water content, communication coefficient and data of instrument and minimum detection limit, etc. the isotope tracer has C14、P32、H3、I125、S35And the tracer has the following conditions: 1) the method has high compatibility with the fracturing fluid and no influence on the performance of the fracturing fluid, 2) extremely high detection limit which can reach 0.01Bq/L, 3) long-term chemical stability and thermal stability, 4) no adsorption on the rock surface or no adsorption around a shaft, 5) no chemical reaction with oil reservoir fluid and no element exchange, and the dosage of the used isotope tracer is calculated according to the following steps and formulas:
first, the maximum dilution volume injected into the formation is calculated:
Vp = A·H·Sw·η，
maximum dilution volume formula: vp-maximum dilution volume, m 3; a-swept area, m 2; h-injector well effective thickness, m; sw-sand layer water saturation,%; η -sweep efficiency,%;
secondly, calculating the adding amount of the tracer agent:
Q＝μ·MDL·Vp；
in the formula of the adding amount: q- μ tracer dosage, curie; mu-assurance coefficient; MDL-minimum detection limit of instrument;
s2: during field construction, during fracturing construction, tracer can be added from a sand mixing truck, different tracers are added into different intervals, the injection speed is uniformly adjusted on the field according to different construction discharge volumes, the tracer can also be added into prepared fracturing fluid, and fracturing fluid containing different tracers is used in different reservoirs;
s3: sample collection, during the fracturing fluid flowback, continuously tracking, sampling and monitoring at the outlet (wellhead) of a drainage pipeline until the flowback is finished, wherein the sampling requirements are as follows:
s4: processing a sample, filtering the collected oil-water sample, taking 5ml of filtrate, adding 10ml of scintillation liquid into the filtrate, shaking up, standing, and keeping out of the dark for 24 hours to be tested;
s5: detecting a sample, namely detecting the concentration of a tracer in an isotope element sample by adopting a liquid scintillation analyzer to obtain a concentration curve of the tracer;
s6: analysis and interpretation, comprehensive analysis and treatment of data and curves, comprehensive interpretation and evaluation, and tracer production curve interpretation principle: there are several large channels with several peaks, but there are not necessarily several peaks with several large channels, because several large channels can simultaneously generate tracer, and under the condition of injecting tracer into the same water injection hole 1 time, 2 or more peaks can not be generated in the same 1 large channel.
In the invention, the isotope fracturing tracing technology utilizes different isotope tracers injected into different fracturing layers along with fracturing fluid, the concentration change of the trace element tracers in the flowback fluid is monitored by intensive sampling during flowback after fracturing, when the isotope tracers are injected into an oil well along with the fracturing fluid, the isotope tracers firstly enter a stratum along a fracturing crack and are driven by the fracturing fluid to reach the farthest end of the fracturing crack, after fracturing, the tracers return to a shaft along with stratum fluid under the action of production pressure difference, the output curve of the tracers has a peak value, the shapes of the curves are different due to the difference of the spreading and fracturing effect of reservoir parameters, when fracturing multiple layers, the shapes of the curves are different due to the difference of the characteristics of each fractured reservoir section and the cracks formed by fracturing, the propelling distance of the tracers are different, the drawn curve shapes are different, and some tracers have multimodal responses, the isotope fracturing tracer technology can qualitatively and quantitatively analyze the action of the fracturing fluid on the stratum, and the flowback effect and the fracturing measure effect of each section of fracturing fluid in the volume fracturing process are indirectly reflected by monitoring the concentration of each tracer in each section of fracturing flowback fluid, so that the production prediction of a fracture network is well carried out.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (4)
1. An isotope staged fracturing tracing technology is characterized in that: the method comprises the following construction steps:
s1: the construction design, formulate the test implementation scheme, select the required isotope tracer kind, according to data such as well spacing, reservoir thickness, porosity, moisture content, connectivity coefficient and instrument, minimum detection limit of well group, calculate the isotope tracer quantity of using according to following steps and formula:
first, the maximum dilution volume injected into the formation is calculated:
Vp = A·H·Sw·η，
secondly, calculating the adding amount of the tracer agent:
Q＝μ·MDL·Vp；
s2: during field construction, during fracturing construction, tracer can be added from a sand mixing truck, different tracers are added into different intervals, the injection speed is uniformly adjusted on the field according to different construction discharge volumes, the tracer can also be added into prepared fracturing fluid, and fracturing fluid containing different tracers is used in different reservoirs;
s3: sample collection, during the fracturing fluid flowback, continuously tracking, sampling and monitoring at the outlet (wellhead) of a drainage pipeline until the flowback is finished, wherein the sampling requirements are as follows:
s4: processing a sample, filtering the collected oil-water sample, taking 5ml of filtrate, adding 10ml of scintillation liquid into the filtrate, shaking up, standing, and keeping out of the dark for 24 hours to be tested;
s5: detecting a sample, namely detecting the concentration of a tracer in an isotope element sample by adopting a liquid scintillation analyzer to obtain a concentration curve of the tracer;
s6: analysis and interpretation, comprehensive analysis and treatment of data and curves, comprehensive interpretation and evaluation, and tracer production curve interpretation principle: there are several large channels with several peaks, but there are not necessarily several peaks with several large channels, because several large channels can simultaneously generate tracer, and under the condition of injecting tracer into the same water injection hole 1 time, 2 or more peaks can not be generated in the same 1 large channel.
2. The isotopic staged fracturing tracing technique of claim 1, wherein: the maximum dilution volume formula is as follows: vp-maximum dilution volume, m 3; a-swept area, m 2; h-injector well effective thickness, m; sw-sand layer water saturation,%; eta-sweep efficiency,%.
3. The isotopic staged fracturing tracing technique of claim 1, wherein: in the formula of the adding amount: q- μ tracer dosage, curie; mu-assurance coefficient; MDL-minimum detection limit of instrument.
4. The isotopic staged fracturing tracing technique of claim 1, wherein: said isotopic tracer has C14、P32、H3、I125、S35Etc., the tracer having the following conditions:
1) the fracturing fluid has high compatibility with the fracturing fluid and has no influence on the performance of the fracturing fluid;
2) the extremely high detection limit can reach 0.01 Bq/L;
3) long-term chemical and thermal stability;
4) no adsorption on the rock surface or around the wellbore;
5) has no chemical reaction with reservoir fluid and no element exchange.
Priority Applications (1)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115961939A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2023-04-14 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Geological engineering integration-based multi-stage fracturing crack identification method |
| CN116044366A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-05-02 | 捷贝通石油技术集团股份有限公司 | Long-acting tracing real-time monitoring method for perforation, fracturing and production stages of oil and gas reservoir |
| CN118362512A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-07-19 | 四川省威沃敦石油科技股份有限公司 | On-line detection method based on quantum dot tracer for oil field |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116044366B (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-09-22 | 捷贝通石油技术集团股份有限公司 | Long-acting tracing real-time monitoring method for perforation, fracturing and production stages of oil and gas reservoir |
| CN118362512A (en) * | 2024-06-03 | 2024-07-19 | 四川省威沃敦石油科技股份有限公司 | On-line detection method based on quantum dot tracer for oil field |
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Application publication date: 20210720 |