CN113136833A - Ecological assembled spur dike and construction method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an ecological assembled spur dike and a construction method thereof, which are used for being arranged in a water area at the side of an anti-scour shore, the ecological assembled spur dike comprises a plurality of dam body units arranged in rows, and the dam body units are arranged at intervals and comprise pile shafts inserted at the bottom of the water area and sleeve devices sleeved on the pile shafts, the sleeve device comprises a sleeve frame, a wall plate, a top disc and a middle disc, the sleeve frame is sleeved on the pile shaft, the wall plates are vertically and fixedly arranged on the sleeve frame, the wall plates are a plurality of and are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve frame, the wall board comprises a bamboo raft, a grid surrounding the bamboo raft and a filler with adsorption function filled in the inner cavity of the bamboo raft, the top plate is fixed at the top of the sleeve device, and amphibious aquatic plants are planted on the top plate, the middle plate is fixed in the middle of the sleeve device, and submerged plants are planted on the middle plate.

Description

Ecological assembled spur dike and construction method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of water conservancy protection, in particular to an ecological assembled spur dike and a construction method thereof.

Background

Because the Yangtze river mouth is affected by various factors such as fluctuation tide bidirectional power, Coriolis force, wind waves and the like, the local beach scouring and the erosion of the Yangtze river mouth, the loss of mud and sand of a mud flat and the like are serious. In order to ensure the life and property safety of people, maintain the stability of a navigation channel and a shoreline, and protect the sustainable development of the mudflat resources at the Yangtze river mouth and the water and soil resources at the Yangtze river mouth, a project for protecting the beach must be built.

At present, in the erosion prevention projects of channel treatment, embankment, mudflat and the like of a Yangtze river mouth, a spur dike is a main treatment structure, and a single spur dike and a spur dike group are provided. According to incomplete statistics, thousands of spur dikes exist at the mouths of long rivers, and the number of spur dikes is increased every year. The spur dike is horizontally laid on the river surface, the tidal flat is protected from being washed away, and the smooth of the channel is protected.

The currently adopted spur dikes are stone throwing spur dikes which are thrown, stacked and surface-treated and built, and have poor integrity and weak scouring resistance; the device is turned east and west under the impact of waves, and the effect of flow-picking and wave-dissipating is reduced. Secondly, the dike rock blocks thrown after the tide fall can seriously affect the coastal landscape environment. Meanwhile, water bodies on two sides of the spur dike cannot be effectively exchanged, so that the water bodies are deteriorated, and a new ecological environment problem is brought. The rock-throwing spur dike is very easy to corrode by water flow when lying on the horizontal river surface for protecting the beach and preventing the rock-throwing spur dike from rushing, the spur dike is frequently damaged, and a large amount of maintenance is needed every year. After the riprap spur dike is built, because the riprap spur dike is impervious, the flow state at the dam head is complex, the water flow is disordered, the riverbed is in a scouring state, the bottom of the beach surface is unstable, and the survival of the spur dike and peripheral benthonic animals is influenced.

The stone throwing spur dike needs stones which are purchased from other places, so that the environment is damaged in the mining process, and the cost is high; the riprap spur dike has single function and no ecological function. In the soft soil foundation of the Yangtze river mouth, the bearing capacity of the foundation is weak, the weight of the riprap is increased, the riprap is easy to lose and sink, and the stability is poor. Secondly, under the influence of strong wind and waves, the riprap further off the shore cannot be in place, the construction difficulty is higher, and the engineering quantity and the construction cost cannot be controlled. In a word, the riprap spur dike has the defects of unsuitability for soft foundation, large waves, huge engineering quantity, high construction strength, deficient stone material source and the like, and has serious defects in the technology.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above disadvantages of the prior art, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an ecological assembled spur dike and a construction method thereof, the ecological assembled spur dike is assembled, has a simple structure, is convenient to install, has low cost, not only plays roles of spur dike, scour prevention and beach protection, provides habitat for aquatic animals such as fish, and has functions of water purification and beauty, and integrates functions of spur dike, reef body, water purification and the like.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an ecological assembled spur dike, which is used for being arranged in a water area, and comprises a plurality of dam body units arranged in rows, and a certain distance is reserved between the dam body units, the dam body units comprise pile shafts driven into the foundation at the bottom of the water area and sleeve devices sleeved on the pile shafts, the sleeve device comprises a sleeve frame, a wall plate, a top disc and a middle disc, the sleeve frame is sleeved on the pile shaft, the wall plates are vertically and fixedly arranged on the sleeve frame, the wall plates are a plurality of and are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve frame, the wall board comprises a bamboo raft, a grid surrounding the bamboo raft and a filler with adsorption function filled in the inner cavity of the bamboo raft, the top plate is fixed at the top of the sleeve device, and amphibious aquatic plants are planted on the top plate, the middle plate is fixed in the middle of the sleeve device, and submerged plants are planted on the middle plate.

Further, the sleeve frame comprises a cylindrical structure and a base plate fixedly installed at the lower end of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure comprises a transverse hoop and a plurality of vertical grooves arranged along the periphery of the transverse hoop and fixed on the transverse hoop, the lower end of each vertical groove penetrates through the base plate, the inner side edge of the wallboard is inserted into the corresponding vertical groove, the lower end of the wallboard is fixed on the base plate, and the base plate is used for pressing the foundation at the bottom of the water area

Furthermore, a supporting plate is fixed at the lower end of the vertical groove, the base plate is placed on the supporting plate, the sleeve frame further comprises a pull rod, the lower end of the pull rod is connected with the base plate, and the upper end of the pull rod is connected with the vertical groove.

Further, the top plate is installed at the upper end of the wallboard, a plurality of groups of jacks are formed in the top plate along two sides of the wallboard, and the U-shaped plug-in card penetrates through the jacks to connect the top plate with the wallboard in a hinged mode.

Further, the center plate is an annular plate with an inner through hole, the center plate is installed on the wall plates, and all the wall plates are located in the inner through hole of the center plate.

Further, the wall plates in the sleeve device are arranged at equal intervals and are radially arranged.

Furthermore, the upper end of the wall board in the sleeve device is provided with a grid but not provided with a bamboo raft, so that an open channel for filling is formed.

Further, the filler comprises coal slag and/or vermiculite.

Further, the filler is bagged, and the bag is made of a water-permeable material.

The invention also provides a construction method for the ecological assembled spur dike, which comprises the following steps:

s1, processing corresponding parts in the sleeve device in a factory in a standardized manner according to the design size; assembling the cylindrical structure in a factory;

s2, conveying parts such as a cylindrical structure, a chassis, a wallboard, a top plate and a middle plate to a site where the ecological assembled spur dike needs to be installed; the sleeve frame is assembled on site;

s3, the pile shafts are transported to the site, pile sinking of the pile shafts is completed at the specified position, and the pile shafts which are arranged in rows and at intervals are obtained in the water area;

s4, assembling the sleeve frame, the wall plate, the top disc and the middle disc on a ship or a shore, completing planting of amphibious aquatic plants on the top disc, and completing planting of submerged plants on the middle disc to form a single sleeve device;

s5, hoisting equipment is adopted, the sleeve device is hoisted integrally and sleeved on the pile shaft, and the sleeve device is placed on the foundation at the bottom of the water area in a sinking mode to obtain a single dam body unit;

and S6, repeating the step S5, and finishing the installation of all dam body units to obtain the ecological assembled spur dike.

As described above, the ecological assembled spur dike and the construction method thereof according to the present invention have the following beneficial effects:

by arranging a plurality of dam body units consisting of pile shafts and sleeve devices, the ecological assembled spur dike has the following functions: (a) as the spur dike, the wall plate in the sleeve device is similar to a wave dissipation grid and a wave dissipation row, waves can be reduced, the stability of the spur dike is ensured, on one hand, the flow can be selected for controlling and dredging the river, on the other hand, the flow velocity of water flow passing through the dike can be reduced due to the water permeability of the dike body, and the effects of selecting flow, preventing scouring and protecting the beach are achieved; (b) the wall board is provided with the bamboo raft and the filler, the bamboo raft can provide space for the attachment growth and the propagation of microorganisms, and the increased microorganisms can promote the degradation of pollutants in water more, so that a virtuous circle is formed, and the ecological environment-friendly performance is achieved; the filler provides a habitat for smaller animals in water and has a water quality purification function, so that the sleeve device plays an important ecological function of the artificial reef; (c) amphibious aquatic plants and submerged plants are planted on the top tray and the middle tray respectively, so that not only can a beautiful scene be added to the estuary, but also the water quality can be purified, and the double purposes are achieved. The ecological assembled spur dike is simple in structure, light in weight, suitable for soft soil foundations, convenient to maintain, replace and install due to the adoption of the assembled structure, capable of playing the roles of flow picking and scour prevention and beach protection of the spur dike, providing a habitat for aquatic animals such as fishes and the like, simultaneously having the functions of water purification and attractiveness, and integrating multiple functions of the spur dike, the reef body, water purification and the like into a whole.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of four arrangements of the eco-fabricated spur dike of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the ecological fabricated spur dike of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line a-a in fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line B-B in fig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the cylindrical structure in the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a plan view of a cylindrical structure in the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of the base plate of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is an assembly view of the sleeve holder of the present invention.

Figure 9 is a cross-sectional view of the wall panel of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the top plate of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a plan view of the mid-disc of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is an assembled view of the sleeve device of the present invention.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the sleeve assembly and pile shaft assembly of the present invention.

Description of the element reference numerals

1 pile shaft

2 sleeve device

21 sleeve holder

211 vertical slot

212 horizontal hoop

213 support plate

214 chassis

214a water permeable hole

214b through-hole

214c wallboard inserting groove

215 pull rod

216 hanging ring

217 sling

22 wallboard

221 mesh

222 bamboo raft

223 filler

23 top plate

23a water permeable hole

23b plug hole

24 middle plate

24a water permeable holes

25 amphibious aquatic plant

26 submerged plant

3 connect the road bridge

4 shore

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the present disclosure.

It should be understood that the structures, proportions, and dimensions shown in the drawings and described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims, but rather by the claims. In addition, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for convenience of description only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and changes or modifications of the relative relationship thereof may be regarded as the scope of the present invention without substantial changes in the technical contents.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13, the present invention provides an ecological assembled spur dike, for being disposed in a water area, comprising a plurality of dam units arranged in a row with a space therebetween, the dam units comprising a pile shaft 1 driven into a foundation at the bottom of the water area and a sleeve device 2 sleeved on the pile shaft 1, the sleeve device 2 comprising a sleeve frame 21, a wall plate 22, a top plate 23 and a middle plate 24, the sleeve frame 21 being sleeved on the pile shaft 1, the wall plate 22 being vertically and fixedly mounted on the sleeve frame 21, the wall plate 22 being a plurality of and circumferentially spaced apart along the sleeve frame 21, and the wall plate 22 being preferably radially arranged along the sleeve frame 21, the wall plate 22 comprising a bamboo raft 222, a lattice 221 surrounding the bamboo raft 222 and a filler 223 having an adsorption function filled in a cavity in the bamboo raft 222, the top plate 23 being fixed on the top of the sleeve device 2, and an amphibious aquatic plant 25 being planted on the top plate 23, the middle disc 24 is fixed in the middle of the sleeve device 2, and submerged plants 26 are planted on the middle disc 24.

In the present invention, the arrangement direction of the dam units is set according to the requirement, for example, in the case of a river, referring to fig. 1, the arrangement direction of the dam units extends outward from one bank 4 along the direction perpendicular to the water flow. The dam units in the ecological assembled spur dike may be arranged in multiple rows, for example, in parallel in two rows, see fig. 1(a), or in a staggered arrangement in two rows, see fig. 1(B), or in a straight arrangement in a single row, see fig. 1(C), or in a curved arrangement in a single row, see fig. 1 (D). In actual construction, the arrangement form is determined by designing the size and the number of the sleeve devices 2 according to the required length of the spur dike. The height of the sleeve device 2 is determined according to the water level and the elevation of the beach surface at the bottom of the water area, the height of the sleeve device 2 can be different, and the elevation of the substrate can be different, for example, the substrate can form a step shape according to the slope of the beach surface at the bottom of the water area, and the height of the sleeve device 2 at the most edge, which is close to the shore 4, is preferably not less than 1.0 m.

The basic working principle of the ecological assembled spur dike related by the invention is as follows: during the use, build ecotype assembled spur dike in the waters of being close to bank 4 well, earlier insert pile shaft 1 at the waters bottom as required and adorn, then sheathe sleeve device 2 can, it is convenient to build, pile shaft 1 main function is the location and undertakes sleeve device 2's partial horizontal load. The ecological assembled spur dike has the following functions: (a) the dam body units are arranged at certain intervals to form a spur dike, the wall plates 22 in the sleeve devices 2 are similar to wave-dissipating grids and wave-dissipating rows, waves can be reduced, a local calm environment can be created, the impact of water flow and wind waves on the spur dike is relieved, the stability of the spur dike is ensured, the sleeve devices 2 and the sleeve devices 2 have water permeability, on one hand, the flow can be selected to control and dredge the river, on the other hand, the flow velocity of water flow passing through the dam can be reduced due to the water permeability of the dam body, so that silt is settled behind the dam, siltation is purposefully carried out to create a beach, and the dam has the functions of selecting flow, preventing scouring and protecting the beach; (b) the wallboard 22 is provided with the bamboo raft 222 and the filler 223, the bamboo raft 222 is used as a biological membrane carrier prepared by taking bamboo fiber as a raw material, the effect of water treatment is relatively stable, the water quality purification capacity is obviously improved, the microbial phospholipid content and the dehydrogenase activity attached to the surface of a bamboo chip are relatively large, a space can be provided for the attached growth and the propagation of microorganisms, the increased microorganisms can promote the degradation of pollutants in water more, a virtuous circle is formed, and the biological membrane carrier is ecological and environment-friendly; the filler 223 is filled in a cavity formed by the grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222, and has the functions of constructing a wall with a gap, providing a habitat for smaller animals in water, adsorbing impurities in the water, and purifying the water quality, so that the sleeve device 2 can be used as a three-dimensional fish reef, providing a habitat for fishes and aquatic animals, and playing an important ecological function of an 'artificial reef body'; (c) by arranging the top tray 23 and the middle tray 24 and planting the amphibious aquatic plants 25 and the submerged plants 26 on the top trays respectively, the beautiful scenery can be added to the estuary, the water quality can be purified, and two purposes can be achieved by one action.

The ecological assembled spur dike is simple in structure, light in weight, suitable for soft soil foundations, convenient to maintain and replace and convenient to install due to the adoption of the assembled structure, plays roles of spur dike flow, scour prevention and beach protection, provides habitat for aquatic animals such as fishes and the like, has water purification and attractive functions, and integrates functions of the spur dike, the reef body, water purification and the like.

Referring to fig. 1 to 13, the ecological assembled spur dike of the present invention is further described as an embodiment below:

in this embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the dam units are arranged in rows at the shore 4 where scour protection is required, and the clear distance between adjacent sleeve devices 2 is preferably greater than 200mm so as to form a void. And the first sleeve device 2 close to the shore 4 and the shore 4 are provided with a connecting road bridge 3 to play a role in connection, and the connecting road bridge 3 can be formed by piling bagged coal cinder.

In this embodiment the pile shaft 1 is a conventional round concrete precast pile, the diameter and length of which are determined by the required strength and stability calculations, the main function of which is to locate and carry part of the horizontal load of the sleeve arrangement 2.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 2, 5 and 7, as a preferred design, the sleeve frame 21 comprises a cylindrical structure and a bottom plate 214 fixedly mounted at the lower end of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure comprises a horizontal hoop 212 and a plurality of vertical slots 211 arranged along the periphery of the horizontal hoop 212 and fixed on the horizontal hoop 212, the lower end of the vertical slot 211 passes through the bottom plate 214, the inner side edge of the wall plate 22 is inserted into the vertical slot 211, the lower end is fixed on the bottom plate 214, and the bottom plate 214 presses on the foundation of the bottom of the water area when being built. Specifically, the plurality of horizontal hoops 212 are arranged in the up-down direction and are kept coaxial as required, one horizontal hoop 212 is arranged at the top end and the bottom end of the vertical groove 211 respectively, and a plurality of horizontal hoops 212 are arranged in the middle at equal intervals, and the vertical grooves 211 are preferably uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the horizontal hoops 212 and fixedly connected with each horizontal hoop 212, so that a cylindrical structure with a cylindrical space is formed. In the sleeve frame 21 of the present embodiment, the vertical slot 211 is the main stressed member, the width of the inner opening of the vertical slot 211 is the insertion width of the wall plate 22, the depth of the vertical slot 211 (the portion for clamping the wall plate 22) is larger than the thickness of the wall plate 22, the lower end of the vertical slot 211 passes through the bottom plate 214, and the upper end passes through the top plate 23. The horizontal hoop 212 is made of steel, the size of the horizontal hoop is determined according to the calculation of required strength, and the inner diameter of the horizontal hoop is slightly larger than the diameter of the pile shaft 1 so as to meet the requirement of being capable of moving vertically along the pile shaft 1.

In this embodiment, further, referring to fig. 5 and 8, the lower end of the vertical slot 211 is provided with a support plate 213, the support plate 213 can be hinged in the slot of the vertical slot 211 and can be rotatably installed, and is retracted and hidden in the slot before assembly, the support plate 213 is rotated to be opened to be perpendicular to the vertical slot 211 during assembly, then the base plate 214 is placed on the support plate 213, the sleeve frame 21 further comprises a pull rod 215, and drag hooks are arranged at two ends of the pull rod 215, the lower end of the pull rod 215 is connected with a hook ring at the outer side of the wallboard insertion slot 214c at the edge of the base plate 214 through the drag hook, and the upper end of the pull rod 215 is connected with a hook ring arranged at the outer edge of the vertical slot 211 through the drag hook, so as to obliquely support the base plate 214, wherein the pull rods 215 are preferably multiple and are uniformly arranged around the axis of the cylindrical structure.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 7 and 8, the bottom plate 214 is provided at an intermediate position with a plurality of insertion holes 214b for the lower ends of the vertical grooves 211 to pass through, so that the bottom plate 214 and the cylindrical structure are defined in the circumferential direction and the radial direction. Preferably, a plurality of wall plate insertion grooves 214c are formed at the edge of the upper end surface of the base plate 214, and the lower end of the wall plate 22 is inserted into the wall plate insertion groove 214c when the wall plate 22 is mounted on the sleeve frame 21, so as to fix the wall plate 22. The base plate 214 is further provided with a plurality of water permeable holes 214a to reduce buoyancy and facilitate communication between water bodies. The chassis 214 is a main stressed component and can be made of high-strength plastics, at least two annular beams can be arranged on the bottom surface of the chassis 214, and when the load is high, a radial beam can be arranged so as to bear the load on the chassis 214. When the sleeve device 2 is lifted, the load of the wall plate 22 is transmitted to the base plate 214, transmitted to the pull rod 215 and the support plate 213 by the base plate 214, and transmitted to the sleeve frame 21 by the pull rod 215 and the support plate 213. When the sleeve device 2 is sleeved on the pile shaft 1 and directly falls to the beach surface of the bottom of the water area, the chassis 214 is pressed on the foundation of the bottom of the water area, and most of the load of the chassis 214 is directly transmitted to the foundation.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 5 and 8, further, the sleeve frame 21 further includes hanging rings 216 and hanging ropes 217, the hanging rings 216 are connected to the top of the vertical slots 211 through the hanging ropes 217, the number of the hanging ropes 217 is not less than three, and the hanging rings 216 are uniformly arranged, and the hanging rings 216 are used for lifting and building the sleeve frame 21 and the sleeve device 2 with the assembled wall plate 22.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 10, as a preferred design, the top plate 23 is installed at the upper end of the wall plate 22, the top plate 23 may be made of a plastic with high strength, a plurality of insertion holes 23b are formed in the top plate 23 at two sides of the wall plate 22, and a U-shaped insertion card (not shown in the drawings) is further included to pass through the insertion holes 23b to hinge the top plate 23 and the wall plate 22. The top disk 23 can also be fixed to the sleeve mount 21, and is further fixed. When the wall plate 22 is installed, the U-shaped plug-in card is inserted from the plug-in hole 23b of the top plate 23 and is inserted into the two sides of the wall plate 22, so that the top of the wall plate 22 can be restrained. Preferably, water permeable holes 23a are uniformly provided on the top plate 23 to reduce buoyancy and facilitate drainage. The top tray 23 forms a terrace on which the amphibious aquatic plants 25 are planted, and the amphibious aquatic plants 25 are exposed out of the water surface when the water surface is lower than the planting trays, so that the overall landscape effect can be improved. The amphibious aquatic plants 25 can still grow when the water surface overflows the top plate 23.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 11 and 12, the central disc 24 is an annular plate with an inner through hole, and may be made of a high-strength plastic, the central disc 24 is sleeved on the middle portion of the wall plate set and is mounted on the wall plate 22, and the central disc 24 and the top disc 23 form a two-step structure. All wall plates 22 are located in the inner through holes of the center plate 24 and pass through the inner through holes, so that the center plate 24 can simultaneously limit the radial position of the wall plates 22 and prevent the wall plates 22 from falling out of the vertical slots 211. The central tray 24 is also uniformly provided with water permeable holes 24a to reduce buoyancy and facilitate drainage.

In the present embodiment, referring to fig. 5 and 6, as a preferred design, the wall plates 22 in the sleeve device 2 are arranged equidistantly around the central axis of the cylindrical structure and radially, i.e. the length direction of the wall plates 22 is along the radial direction of the cylindrical structure, so that the structure of the whole sleeve device 2 is more uniform and stable. The wall plates 22 are vertically and uniformly distributed in the sleeve device 2, and are similar to wave dissipation grids and wave dissipation rows, so that waves can be reduced, a local calm environment can be created, the impact of water flow and wind waves on the spur dike is relieved, and the stability of the spur dike is ensured.

In this embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the wall panel 22 is a sandwich panel composed of a lattice 221, bamboo rafts 222 and filler 223. Wherein the grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222 constitute a supporting outer wall, and the filler 223 is filled in the cavities in the grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222. The thickness of the wall plate 22 is preferably larger than 300mm, but not too large, so that the wall plates 22 are distributed at intervals, have large void ratio and are not easy to block. Holes may also be reserved in the wall panels 22 when flow-through is required. When the desired height of wall panel 22 is not large, wall panel 22 can be a stepped overall panel, see fig. 9 and 12; when the wall is of a greater height, the wall panel 22 can be assembled from an upper and a lower portion. In this embodiment, it is preferable that two holes are symmetrically disposed on the top of the wall plate 22 for the hook to use. Wall panels 22 may be reinforced as required for strength. The top end of the wall panel 22 is open, i.e. the lattice 221 is provided, but the bamboo raft 222 is not provided, so as to form an open channel for the filler 223, so as to facilitate the filling of the filler 223. The bottom and the side of the wall plate 22 are closed, that is, the lattice 221 and the bamboo raft 222 are arranged.

In this embodiment, the mesh 221 may be made of galvanized steel bars, the diameter of the galvanized steel bars is determined by the strength requirement, and the mesh size is generally larger than about 300 mm. The grids 221 have the same size and shape and the same installation mode, so that standardized production and installation are facilitated.

In this embodiment, the bamboo raft 222 is a net structure woven from bamboo strips, wherein the mesh size can be large or small. The bamboo raft 222 can be a conventional bamboo raft 222, the bamboo raft 222 is bound on the grid 221 by iron wires, the two are interdependent, and each bamboo raft 222 has 2-5 binding points. The bamboo raft 222 is made of natural ecological materials, and has biocompatibility, rough surface and large specific surface area. The bamboo resources in China are rich, and the bamboo has the advantages of low cost, reproducibility, low environmental pollution and self-degradation. The novel bamboo fiber biomembrane carrier prepared by taking bamboo fiber as a raw material at present has a stable effect on water treatment. When the biological wall is manufactured, the bamboo tube is cut into pieces, and the pieces are woven into the net piece which is vertically placed in the net rack of the biological wall, so that the biological wall is convenient to manufacture. The related experiments show that the bamboo raft 222 has the removal rate of 74 percent of COD, 95 percent of NO3-N and 37 percent of TP, and has obvious effect on improving the water quality purification capacity. The microbial phospholipid content and dehydrogenase activity attached to the surface of the bamboo chips are high, so that space can be provided for the attached growth and propagation of microorganisms, and the degradation of pollutants in water can be continuously promoted. The bamboo raft 222 can degrade harmful substances in water, provide space for the attachment growth and propagation of microorganisms in water, and promote the degradation of pollutants in water more by the increased microorganisms, so that virtuous cycle is formed, and the ecological environment is protected.

In this embodiment, the filler 223 may be coal cinder, or other similar materials with adsorption function, such as vermiculite, and may be specifically selected according to the requirement. The filler 223 may be made of coal cinder, or may be layered materials. The cinder is a porous material, has expanded structure, honeycomb pores and is insoluble in water, can be used as an adsorbing material after being screened and cleaned, can filter out macroscopic particle materials, has good separation effect on odor, suspended matters and chromogenic substances in water, and is a cheap adsorbing material. Preferably, the filling material 223 is packaged in a bag, such as a cinder bag, which is filled in the cavity formed by the grid 221 and the bamboo raft 222, and functions to construct a wall with voids, provide a habitat for smaller animals in water, and purify water. The bag used for storing the coal cinder of the adsorption material is made of a water permeable material, can be made of geotextile, has a mesh smaller than the grain diameter of the coal cinder, is convenient to construct and replace, and is suitable for being moved by one person after being filled. When the bag needs to be maintained or replaced, the single bag body is lifted, and the bag is pulled out of the empty box of the wall plate 22 from the space between the grids 221 of the opening of the wall plate 22, so that the maintenance or replacement can be carried out. The filler 223 is used for water purification, the comprehensive utilization of the coal slag greatly reduces the generation amount of solid waste, saves the occupied area of solid waste, avoids a plurality of pollution problems caused by the solid waste, greatly utilizes the coal slag and the waste, saves resources and energy sources, and creates economic value. Wallboard 22 is simple in construction, low in manufacturing cost, and reusable by replacing filler 223.

The sleeve device 2 in the embodiment can be manufactured in a standardized mode, is simple in structure and convenient to install, and can be assembled by components. The dam body units are mutually independent, and the sleeve device 2 is sleeved on the pile shaft 1. The sleeve devices 2 are independent, light in weight and suitable for soft soil foundations, uneven settlement cannot affect the soft soil foundations, scouring of riverbeds around structures can be effectively controlled, and changes of surrounding terrains can be adapted. The sleeve device 2 has better treatment effect, low cost, no secondary pollution, convenient maintenance and update and excellent development prospect in treating and ensuring water ecology.

The invention also provides a construction method for the ecological assembled spur dike, which comprises the following steps:

s1, processing corresponding parts in the sleeve device 2 according to the design size in a standardized way in a factory; and assembling the cylindrical structure in a factory. Specifically, the parts standardized in the factory include vertical slots 211, horizontal hoops 212, pull rods 215, support plates 213, hanging rings 216, suspension cables 217, bottom plates 214, top plates 23, middle plates 24, wall plates 22 and the like; the vertical slots 211, the cross band 212 and the support plate 213 are then assembled to form a tubular structure at the factory, and the slings 217 are installed on the tubular structure.

S2, conveying the parts such as the cylindrical structure, the bottom plate 214, the wall plate 22, the top plate 23 and the middle plate 24 to a site where the ecological assembled spur dike needs to be installed, and conveniently transporting the parts in a separated mode; and the cylindrical structure, the base plate 214, the pull rod 215 and the like are assembled on site to complete the assembly of the sleeve frame 21.

And S3, the pile shaft 1 is transported to the site, pile sinking of the pile shaft 1 is completed at a specified position, and the pile shafts 1 which are arranged in rows and at intervals are obtained in the water area.

And S4, assembling the sleeve frame 21, the wall plate 22, the top disc 23 and the middle disc 24 on a ship or on a shore, completing the planting of the amphibious aquatic plants 25 in the top disc 23, and completing the planting of the submerged plants 26 in the middle disc 24 to obtain a single sleeve device 2.

And S5, hoisting the sleeve device 2 integrally by adopting hoisting equipment, sleeving the sleeve device on the pile shaft 1 in a hoisting mode, sinking and placing the sleeve device on the foundation at the bottom of the water area to obtain a single dam body unit.

And S6, repeating the step S5, and finishing the installation of all dam body units to obtain the ecological assembled spur dike.

The method is adopted for building the ecological fabricated spur dike, the ecological fabricated spur dike is subjected to standardized part manufacturing, block transportation, sleeve device 2 field assembly, pile shaft 1 pile sinking and sleeve device 2 integral hoisting and installation of factories respectively, the transportation and building operation is convenient, and the working efficiency is high. When the ecological assembled spur dike needs to be replaced or maintained, the sleeve device 2 can be integrally lifted, the U-shaped plug-in card is taken out, the top plate 23 and the middle plate 24 are lifted afterwards, and the bamboo raft 222, the cinder bags and the like can be replaced.

The ecological assembled spur dike and the construction method thereof can be applied to various water areas, particularly to the estuary and provide a technical scheme for the anti-impact protection of the estuary tidal flats, the navigation channel and the embankment. The invention has the advantages of obvious long-term benefit, utilization of waste materials of the filler 223 in the ecological wallboard 22 of the sleeve device 2, convenient maintenance and replacement, low cost, no energy consumption during operation, capability of adsorbing pollution and harmful substances to the water body, long-term purification of the water body and capability of keeping the diversity of the Yangtze river mouth organisms.

In conclusion, the invention effectively overcomes various defects in the prior art and has high industrial utilization value.

The foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and utilities of the present invention and are not intended to limit the invention. Any person skilled in the art can modify or change the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, it is intended that all equivalent modifications or changes which can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and technical spirit of the present invention be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides an ecological assembled spur dike for set up in the waters of scour protection bank side, its characterized in that: the dam body unit comprises a plurality of dam body units arranged in rows, wherein intervals are arranged among the dam body units, each dam body unit comprises a pile shaft (1) for driving into a foundation at the bottom of a water area and a sleeve device (2) sleeved on the pile shaft (1), each sleeve device (2) comprises a sleeve frame (21), a wallboard (22), a top disc (23) and a middle disc (24), the sleeve frames (21) are sleeved on the pile shafts (1), the wallboards (22) are vertically and fixedly installed on the sleeve frames (21), the wallboards (22) are distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the sleeve frames (21), each wallboard (22) comprises a bamboo raft (222), grids (221) surrounding the outside of the bamboo raft (222) and a filler (223) filled in a cavity in the bamboo raft (222) and having an adsorption function, the top disc (23) is fixed at the top of each sleeve device (2), and amphibious plants (25) are planted on the top disc (23), the middle disc (24) is fixed in the middle of the sleeve device (2), and submerged plants (26) are planted on the middle disc (24).

2. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 1, wherein: the sleeve frame (21) comprises a cylindrical structure and a base plate (214) fixedly installed at the lower end of the cylindrical structure, the cylindrical structure comprises a transverse hoop (212) and a plurality of vertical grooves (211) which are arranged along the periphery of the transverse hoop (212) and fixed on the transverse hoop (212), the lower end of each vertical groove (211) penetrates through the base plate (214), the inner side edge of the wall plate (22) is inserted into the corresponding vertical groove (211), the lower end of the wall plate is fixed on the base plate (214), and the base plate (214) is used for pressing on a foundation at the bottom of a water area.

3. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 2, wherein: the lower end of the vertical groove (211) is fixedly provided with a supporting plate (213), the base plate (214) is arranged on the supporting plate (213), the sleeve frame (21) further comprises a pull rod (215), the lower end of the pull rod (215) is connected with the base plate (214), and the upper end of the pull rod (215) is connected with the vertical groove (211).

4. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 2, wherein: the top plate (23) is installed at the upper end of the wall plate (22), a plurality of jacks (23a) are arranged in the top plate (23), and the top plate further comprises a U-shaped plug-in card which penetrates through the jacks (23a) and enables the top plate (23) to be hinged with the wall plate (22).

5. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 2, wherein: the central disc (24) is an annular plate with an inner through hole, the central disc (24) is installed on the wall plates (22), and all the wall plates (22) are located in the inner through hole of the central disc (24).

6. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 1, wherein: the wall plates (22) in the sleeve device (2) are arranged at equal intervals and are radially arranged.

7. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end of the wall board (22) in the sleeve device (2) is provided with a grid (221) but not provided with a bamboo raft (222) to form an open channel for the filler (223).

8. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 1, wherein: the filler (223) comprises coal slag and/or vermiculite.

9. The ecotype fabricated spur dike according to claim 1, wherein: the filler (223) is bagged, and the bag is made of a water-permeable material.

10. A construction method for the ecotype fabricated spur dike of claim 2, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:

s1, according to the design size, corresponding parts in the sleeve device (2) are processed in a standardized way in a factory; assembling the cylindrical structure in a factory;

s2, conveying parts such as the cylindrical structure, the bottom plate (214), the wall plate (22), the top plate (23) and the middle plate (24) to a site where the ecological assembled spur dike needs to be installed; completing the assembly of the sleeve frame (21) on site;

s3, the pile shaft (1) is transported to the site, pile sinking of the pile shaft (1) is completed at a specified position, and the pile shafts (1) which are arranged in rows and at intervals are obtained in a water area;

s4, assembling the sleeve frame (21), the wall plate (22), the top disc (23) and the middle disc (24) on a ship or on a shore, planting amphibious aquatic plants (25) on the top disc (23), and planting submerged plants (26) on the middle disc (24) to obtain a single sleeve device (2);

s5, hoisting equipment is adopted, the sleeve device (2) is hoisted integrally and sleeved on the pile shaft (1), and the sleeve device is sunk and placed on the foundation at the bottom of the water area to obtain a single dam body unit;

and S6, repeating the step S5, and finishing the installation of all dam body units to obtain the ecological assembled spur dike.

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