CN113125002A - Double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device and testing method - Google Patents
Double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113125002A CN113125002A CN201911419934.8A CN201911419934A CN113125002A CN 113125002 A CN113125002 A CN 113125002A CN 201911419934 A CN201911419934 A CN 201911419934A CN 113125002 A CN113125002 A CN 113125002A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J1/00—Photometry, e.g. photographic exposure meter
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
A bifacial power module represented by PERC has become the most spotlighted new technology for photovoltaic power generation. Since the double-sided power generation assembly generates energy by using light radiation on the back side, the optimal inclination angle of the double-sided power generation assembly is not consistent with the optimal inclination angle of the single-sided photovoltaic module. The invention provides a double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device and a testing method, which can automatically test the optimal inclination angle of a photovoltaic assembly, optimize the power generation efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power generation system, solve the problems that no method for effectively calculating the optimal inclination angle of a double-sided PERC assembly exists at present, and some power stations have the defects of short time and less rigorous data due to manual testing, and improve the testing credibility while saving a large amount of manpower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation optimization, and particularly relates to a double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device and a testing method.
Background
At present, the exhaustion of energy and the increasing severity of environmental pollution, the large-scale utilization of renewable energy sources such as solar energy and the like is an important way for solving the global energy crisis and promoting the energy cleanness and the greenization. The photovoltaic power generation scale is closely related to the land area, and the photovoltaic module with higher conversion rate on the unit area land has more advantages in investment income. With the further improvement of the requirements of the third leaders in the country on the efficiency of photovoltaic modules, the double-sided power generation module represented by PERC becomes a new technology which attracts attention in photovoltaic power generation.
The PERC technology is a novel process technology for generating energy by back passivation and light radiation on the back, can add more power without increasing limited cost, and is widely applied to the third leaders at present. However, until now, there is no method for effectively calculating the optimal inclination angle of the double-sided PERC module, and most power stations still use experience or simulation software of single-sided modules to design the optimal inclination angle of the photovoltaic array, resulting in large power generation loss. Some power stations compare irradiance within a limited time by a manual test mode, and have no experimental rigor, and the authenticity of an optimal inclination angle is also known as 32429.
Because various grounds, such as concrete, farmlands, reflecting films, paint and other reflecting parameters are different, and the complexity of the surface light source in calculating the radiation flux in a specific angle range is avoided, a formula for effectively calculating the optimal inclination angle of the double-sided PERC component is not available at present, so that the probability of distortion of the existing empirical method or simulation software is higher. Some short-time manual testing methods are insufficient in consideration of influences brought by solar track changes in the whole year and also have no accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device and a double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing method, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art, and aim to optimize the power generation efficiency of the whole photovoltaic power generation system by automatically testing the optimal inclination angle of a photovoltaic component.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device and a testing method. The optimal inclination angle testing device comprises a tripod, a semicircular wheel disc, an illuminometer, a rotating plane, a three-phase hybrid stepping motor, a data line, an upper computer and a power line; the tripod is used as a base and is fixed on the ground; the semicircular wheel disc and the rotating plane are fixedly connected to the upper end of the tripod; the semicircular wheel disc is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the rotating plane is vertically fixed at the bottom end of the semicircular wheel disc; the central axis of the semi-circular wheel disc is consistent with the central axis of the rotating plane; the two illuminometers are fixed on the rotating plane; the three-phase hybrid stepping motor is vertically fixed at the circle center of the semicircular wheel disc; the upper computer is in signal connection with the two illuminometers through the data line; and the power line is electrically connected with the three-phase hybrid stepping motor and used for supplying power.
Preferably, the semicircular wheel disc is marked with equal scale values for measurement.
Preferably, the rotation plane may rotate clockwise along the semicircular disc.
Preferably, the three-phase hybrid stepping motor controls the central axis of the rotating plane to rotate by 20-38 degrees.
Preferably, the probes of the two illuminometers are placed in a positive-negative opposition and rotate following the plane of rotation.
The invention also provides a test method according to the optimal inclination angle test device, which comprises the following steps:
1) in order to reduce errors caused by shielding of buildings around sunlight, a flat ground without shielding objects around is selected in a tested place, and the three-phase hybrid stepping motor with the automatic angle change and the testing device are installed; a gradienter is used for keeping the plane of the scale value of the semicircular wheel disc vertical to the ground, a compass is used for keeping the plane of the semicircular wheel disc in the north-south direction, and meanwhile 0 degree of the scale value points to the north-north direction; and marking at three points where the tripod is in contact with the ground to ensure the position accuracy of the subsequent measurement;
2) the illumination testing device automatically adjusts the inclination angle of the three-phase hybrid stepping motor to the sun at different time; measuring according to the photovoltaic normal working time interval of 9:00-15:00 in terms of time, and measuring a group of illumination data at different angles every 20 minutes; at each measuring time point, the probes of the two illuminometers are placed on a plane which is perpendicular to the ground in the north-south direction in parallel, the inclination angle of the probe and the ground is changed by the three-phase hybrid stepping motor from 20 degrees to 38 degrees, the interval is 0.9 degrees, namely, a group of 20 data are required to be measured at each measuring time point;
3) in order to prevent the measurement result from overflowing the signal, the integration time of the test device is set to 1 ms; setting the number of integration averages to 10; when the measuring time point is reached, the three-phase hybrid stepping motor adjusts the inclination angle, records the current illumination, waits for about 3 seconds and transmits data of a test result;
4) transmitting the test result to corresponding software of the upper computer through the data line; automatically generating an Excel table form by using the illumination curves at different time and different angles;
5) in the day, the sunlight is strongest, the maximum time of the emitted energy value is about 12:40 to 14:00, and the illumination from 12:40 to 14:00 is separately accumulated through a table.
In the test method, the illumination at different angles throughout the year is accumulated, and the maximum illumination is the global optimal inclination; the maximum illumination is the best inclination angle in the noon by integrating the illumination under different angles of 12:40-14:00 in the whole year. And according to the difference theta DEG between the global optimal inclination angle and the lunch optimal inclination angle, the global optimal inclination angle and the lunch optimal inclination angle are used as the optimal inclination angle.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the method is simple and easy to compare, and the annual illumination integrated value of each angle is compared only after the illumination of each angle is measured by using an illuminometer or a spectrometer, so that the subsequent calculation step is not needed;
2) compared with manual testing, the automatic testing device disclosed by the invention can be used for carrying out automatic testing at different angles once at regular intervals of 20 minutes, so that a large amount of manpower is saved;
3) since the test only needs to compare the accumulated values of the solar energy at different time and different inclination angles, and does not need an accurate absolute value of the energy, precise calibration is not needed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-sided photovoltaic optimum tilt angle testing device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a table of measurements made by the photovoltaic optimum tilt test of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To further understand the structure, characteristics and other objects of the present invention, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying preferred embodiments, which are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not to limit the present invention.
Firstly, as shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-sided photovoltaic optimum inclination angle testing device; the optimal inclination angle testing device comprises a tripod 1, a semicircular wheel disc 2, an illuminometer 3, a rotating plane 4, a three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5, a data line 6, an upper computer 7 and a power line 8; the tripod 1 is used as a base of the measuring device and is fixed on the ground; the semi-circular wheel disc 2 is fixed on the tripod 1, and uniform scale values are marked on the semi-circular wheel disc 2; when the semi-circular wheel disc 2 is placed, the scale value plane is ensured to be vertical to the ground; the rotating plane 4 is vertically and fixedly connected with the semicircular wheel disc 2 and can rotate clockwise along the semicircular wheel disc 2; the axis of the rotation plane 4 is controlled by the three-phase hybrid stepper motor 5; the three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5 is arranged at the circle center of the semicircular wheel disc 2 and is vertical to the semicircular wheel disc 2; the three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5 can control the central axis of the rotating plane 4 to rotate at 20-38 degrees;
the probes of the two illuminometers 3 are arranged in a positive-negative opposite-phase mode and fixed on the rotating plane 4, and the probes of the two illuminometers 3 are driven to rotate through the rotation of the rotating plane 4 so as to change the inclination angle of the illuminometers to the sun;
the three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5 is powered by the power line 8;
the measurement data of the two illuminometers 3 are transmitted to the upper computer 7 through the data line 6, and a statistical table is formed in the upper computer 7.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a table of measurement results generated by the optimal inclination test of photovoltaic system according to the present invention; the double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle test method comprises the following steps:
1) in order to reduce errors caused by shielding of buildings around sunlight, a flat ground without shielding objects around is selected in a tested place, and the three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5 with the automatic angle change and the testing device are installed; a gradienter is used for keeping the plane of the scale value of the semicircular wheel disc 2 vertical to the ground, a compass is used for keeping the plane of the semicircular wheel disc 2 in the north-south direction, and meanwhile 0 degree of the scale value points to the north-north direction; and marked at three points where the tripod 1 is in contact with the ground to ensure the positional accuracy of the subsequent measurements.
2) The illumination testing device automatically adjusts the inclination angle of the three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5 to the sun at different time; measuring according to the photovoltaic normal working time interval of 9:00-15:00 in terms of time, and measuring a group of illumination data at different angles every 20 minutes; at each measuring time point, the probes of the two illuminometers 3 are placed in parallel on a plane perpendicular to the ground in the north-south direction, the inclination angle of the probes with the ground is changed by the three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5 to be 20-38 degrees, the interval is 0.9 degrees, and a group of 20 data are measured at each measuring time point.
3) In order to prevent the measurement result from overflowing the signal, the integration time of the test device is set to 1 ms; setting the number of integration averages to 10; when the measuring time point is reached, the inclination angle of the three-phase hybrid stepping motor 5 is adjusted, the current illumination is recorded, the time of waiting for about 3 seconds is waited, and data of a test result is transmitted.
4) The test result is transmitted to corresponding software of the upper computer 7 through the data line 6; the illumination curves at different angles at different times automatically generate the form of Excel table.
5) Particularly, the sunlight is strongest in one day, and the time of the maximum energy value emitted is about 12:40 to 14:00, so that the illuminance of the interval from 12:40 to 14:00 is separately accumulated through a table.
Finally, the invention discloses a double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device and a testing method, which are specifically characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the method is simple and easy to compare, and the annual illumination integrated value of each angle is compared only after the illumination of each angle is measured by using an illuminometer or a spectrometer, so that the subsequent calculation step is not needed;
2) compared with manual testing, the automatic testing device disclosed by the invention can be used for carrying out automatic testing at different angles once at regular intervals of 20 minutes, so that a large amount of manpower is saved;
3) since the test only needs to compare the accumulated values of the solar energy at different time and different inclination angles, and does not need an accurate absolute value of the energy, precise calibration is not needed.
It should be noted that the above summary and the detailed description are intended to demonstrate the practical application of the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Various modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements may be made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principles of the invention. The scope of the invention is to be determined by the appended claims. .
Claims (6)
1. The double-sided photovoltaic optimal inclination angle testing device is characterized by comprising a tripod (1), a semicircular wheel disc (2), an illuminometer (3), a rotating plane (4), a three-phase hybrid stepping motor (5), a data line (6), an upper computer (7) and a power line (8); wherein the tripod (1) is used as a base and fixed on the ground; the semicircular wheel disc (2) and the rotating plane (4) are fixedly connected to the upper end of the tripod (1); the semicircular wheel disc (2) is arranged perpendicular to the ground; the rotating plane (4) is vertically fixed at the bottom end of the semicircular wheel disc (2); the middle shaft of the semi-circular wheel disc (2) is consistent with the middle shaft of the rotating plane (4); the two illuminometers (3) are fixed on the rotating plane (4); the three-phase hybrid stepping motor (5) is vertically fixed at the circle center of the semicircular wheel disc (2); the upper computer (7) is in signal connection with the two illuminometers (3) through the data line (6); and the power line (8) is electrically connected with the three-phase hybrid stepping motor (5) and used for supplying power.
2. The optimum tilt angle test device according to claim 1, wherein the semi-circular discs (2) are marked with equal scale values for measurement.
3. The optimum tilt testing device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation plane (4) is rotatable clockwise along the semi-circular disc (2).
4. The optimum tilt angle test device according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-phase hybrid stepper motor (5) controls the rotation of the central axis of the rotation plane (4) by an angle of 20 ° -38 °.
5. Optimum inclination testing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the probes of said two illuminometers (3), placed in a positive-negative opposition, follow the rotation of said plane of rotation (4).
6. A method for testing the optimum tilt angle testing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) in order to reduce errors caused by shielding of buildings around sunlight, a flat ground without shielding objects around is selected in a tested place, and the three-phase hybrid stepping motor (5) with the automatic angle change and the testing device are installed; a gradienter is used for keeping the plane of the scale value of the semicircular wheel disc (2) vertical to the ground, a compass is used for keeping the plane of the semicircular wheel disc (2) in the north-south direction, and meanwhile, 0 degree of the scale value points to the north-north direction; and marking at three points where the tripod (1) is in contact with the ground, to ensure the accuracy of the position measured afterwards;
2) the illumination testing device automatically adjusts the inclination angle of the three-phase hybrid stepping motor (5) to the sun at different time; measuring according to the photovoltaic normal working time interval of 9:00-15:00 in terms of time, and measuring a group of illumination data at different angles every 20 minutes; at each measuring time point, probes of the two illuminometers (3) are arranged on a plane which is perpendicular to the ground in the north-south direction in parallel, the inclination angle of the probes and the ground is changed by the three-phase hybrid stepping motor (5) from 20 degrees to 38 degrees, the interval is 0.9 degrees, namely, a group of 20 data are required to be measured at each measuring time point;
3) in order to prevent the measurement result from overflowing the signal, the integration time of the test device is set to 1 ms; setting the number of integration averages to 10; when the measuring time point is reached, the inclination angle of the three-phase hybrid stepping motor (5) is well adjusted, the current illumination is recorded, the time of waiting for about 3 seconds is waited, and data of a test result is transmitted;
4) the test result is transmitted to corresponding software of the upper computer (7) through the data line (6); automatically generating an Excel table form by using the illumination curves at different time and different angles;
5) in the day, the sunlight is strongest, the maximum time of the emitted energy value is about 12:40 to 14:00, and the illumination from 12:40 to 14:00 is separately accumulated through a table.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN117470179A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 绿诺科技有限公司 | Optimal heat collection direction measuring device of solar water heater |
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| CN104283513A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-01-14 | 孟昭渊 | Measuring device and measuring method for optimum inclination angle of solar photovoltaic module |
| CN107340785A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-11-10 | 江苏林洋新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of double side photovoltaic battery component tracks method and controller based on intelligentized control method |
| CN107689770A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-13 | 苏寄闲 | Photovoltaic power generation apparatus |
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- 2019-12-31 CN CN201911419934.8A patent/CN113125002A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005223164A (en) * | 2004-02-06 | 2005-08-18 | Hitachi Ltd | Solar light power generation system and its installation method |
| CN104283513A (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2015-01-14 | 孟昭渊 | Measuring device and measuring method for optimum inclination angle of solar photovoltaic module |
| CN107340785A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2017-11-10 | 江苏林洋新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of double side photovoltaic battery component tracks method and controller based on intelligentized control method |
| CN107689770A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-02-13 | 苏寄闲 | Photovoltaic power generation apparatus |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN117470179A (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-01-30 | 绿诺科技有限公司 | Optimal heat collection direction measuring device of solar water heater |
| CN117470179B (en) * | 2023-12-27 | 2024-03-26 | 绿诺科技有限公司 | Optimal heat collection direction measuring device of solar water heater |
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