CN210624976U - Photosensitive device, solar heat collection device and biogas system - Google Patents
Photosensitive device, solar heat collection device and biogas system Download PDFInfo
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- CN210624976U CN210624976U CN201920709897.3U CN201920709897U CN210624976U CN 210624976 U CN210624976 U CN 210624976U CN 201920709897 U CN201920709897 U CN 201920709897U CN 210624976 U CN210624976 U CN 210624976U
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Abstract
The utility model provides a photosensitive device, solar heat collection device and marsh gas system. The photosensitive device comprises a spherical crown type base and a plurality of groups of photosensitive containers, and the photosensitive containers are embedded into the spherical crown type base; each group of photosensitive containers is arranged around the center of the spherical crown type base; in two adjacent groups of the photosensitive containers, one group of the photosensitive containers is arranged around the other group of the photosensitive containers; the photosensitive container includes dark pore container and photosensitive element, the degree of depth of dark pore container is greater than the width of dark pore container, photosensitive element locates in the dark pore container, and be located the bottom of dark pore container. The utility model provides a photosensitive device can solve among the prior art photosensitive device and detect the precision low, is unfavorable for solar heat collection device adjustment plane of reflection in order to heat the interior natural pond liquid of cavity, promotes the technical problem of natural pond liquid fermentation.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a solar energy utilizes technical field, especially relates to a photosensitive device, solar heat collection device and biogas system.
Background
Today, with the depletion of fossil energy, the utilization of renewable energy is very important. Solar energy has great development prospect as a novel clean and pollution-free renewable resource. Solar energy is a green renewable energy source which can be used continuously, and has great development and application potentials.
The heat collection and heat generation quantity of the solar focusing line is related to the incident angle of the parabolic opening of the solar focusing line towards the solar energy, the power generation quantity of the solar energy and the solar cell square matrix is related to the sunlight incident angle, the power generation quantity is the largest when the light focusing reflection is vertical to the plane of the solar cell square matrix, the incident angle is changed, and the power generation quantity is obviously reduced.
The irradiation direction automatic tracking technology is an effective way for improving the solar energy utilization rate, greatly improving the light-to-heat energy conversion efficiency and reducing the photovoltaic power generation cost.
The irradiation direction automatic tracking technology is that the orientation of a paraboloid opening with reflected light and the incident angle of sunlight are the best 180 degrees as the name suggests, so that a photovoltaic array rotates along with the sun.
The solar photovoltaic panel is kept to face the sun at any time, so that the light of the sunlight vertically irradiates the solar photovoltaic panel at any time or directly faces the opening direction of the parabolic reflector, the efficiency of solar energy conversion into heat energy and the power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic module are improved, and the efficiency of solar energy collection parabolic reflection light conversion into heat energy is maximized.
Because the rotation and the revolution of the earth, the incident angle of the sun changes all the time, and for a solar power generation system or a solar energy acquisition system in a certain fixed place, the solar energy and the power generation efficiency can reach the optimal state only by effectively ensuring that the solar photovoltaic panel and the light-gathering paraboloid face the sun all the time.
Therefore, it is important to keep the parabolic opening facing the direct solar radiation to maximize the solar heat collection, and to keep the solar photovoltaic panel perpendicular to the solar radiation to maximize the solar radiation.
The irradiation direction tracking technology has been developed from the simplest single-axis tracking to various types from 80 years of the last century, and the three types of tracking technologies which are the most typical currently are the visual-day motion trajectory tracking, the photoelectric tracking technology and the combination technology of the two technologies.
The sun-looking movement track tracking technology comprises the following steps:
single axis tracking devices generally use three approaches:
(1) arranging the object tracking obliquely;
(2) the focal lines are horizontally arranged in south and north, and east and west tracking is carried out;
(3) the focal lines are arranged horizontally and tracked north and south.
The three modes are single-axis tracking in the north-south direction or the east-west direction, and the working principle is basically similar.
The rotating shaft of the single-shaft tracking device is arranged in the east-west direction.
The controller calculates the change of the angle of the sun and controls the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the opening direction of the paraboloid of the groove type solar heat collector makes pitching motion or the solar panel makes pitching motion to track the sun.
By adopting the tracking mode, only the solar light at noon is vertical to the cell plate in one day, and the solar light rays are obliquely emitted in the morning or afternoon.
The single-axis tracking has the characteristic of simple structure, but because the incident light cannot be parallel to the main optical axis all the time, the effect of collecting light is not ideal.
Folding double-axis tracking; if the change of two angles of the sun can be tracked simultaneously, more solar energy can be obtained, and the biaxial tracking is designed according to the requirement.
Two-axis tracking can be generally divided into two modes, polar axis full tracking and altitude-azimuth full tracking.
(1) Polar axis type full tracking dual axis tracking
Polar axis type full tracking means that one axis of the condenser lens points to the north pole of the earth, namely is parallel to the rotation axis of the earth, so the condenser lens is called as a polar axis.
The other axis is perpendicular to the polar axis and is called declination axis.
The reflecting surface is tracked around the polar axis by a fixed rotating speed which is the same as the rotation angular speed of the earth and is opposite to the rotation angular speed of the earth, and the reflector makes pitching motion around the declination axis according to the change of seasonal time so as to adapt to the change of the declination angle.
This tracking is not complicated, but it is difficult to design the polar axis support device because the weight of the mirror does not pass through the polar axis in the structure, as analyzed from the mechanical point of view.
(2) Altitude-azimuth full tracking
The altitude angle-azimuth angle full tracking is established on the basis of a horizon coordinate system, the azimuth axis and the pitch axis are respectively arranged on two axes, the azimuth axis is vertical to the ground, and the pitch axis is vertical to the azimuth axis.
According to the calculation method of the sun angle, when the solar energy collecting device works, the reflector rotates around the azimuth axis to change the azimuth angle according to the theoretical calculation value of the sun position, and performs pitching motion around the pitching axis to change the inclination angle of the reflector, so that the main optical axis of the reflector is always parallel to the sun ray.
The tracking accuracy of the tracking device is high, the weight of the reflector is kept in the plane of the vertical axis, and the supporting mechanism is easy to design.
However, errors are easy to occur in the process of calculating the solar angle, and the tracking accuracy is affected.
Photoelectric tracking technology
Photoelectric tracking is a common tracking method at home and abroad, two photosensitive tubes are used and are respectively arranged on two points of a photovoltaic cell array plane, when solar rays directly irradiate a photovoltaic array, if the numerical deviation of the photosensitive tubes after optical signals are converted into electric signals is in a specified range, namely the deviation of light intensity signals of two test points is very small, and a motor does not rotate.
However, along with the change of the position of the sun, the deviation of the electric signal detected by the photosensitive tube is gradually increased and exceeds a specified range, the deviation signal is amplified by the amplifying circuit, the tracking device is controlled to act to enable the photovoltaic array to be vertical to the sun light again, and the tracking is finished.
The photoelectric tracking has the advantages of convenient structural design and high tracking accuracy. However, there is a disadvantage that the tracking device is greatly influenced by weather, and if the sun is covered by dark clouds for a long time, no electric signal is generated on the photosensitive tube due to no illumination, so that the tracking device cannot be aligned with the sun, and even misoperation of an actuating mechanism can be caused.
In addition to the use of a photosensitive tube, for a photovoltaic array composed of a plurality of photovoltaic modules, two photovoltaic modules with the same output characteristics on the array can be directly used to replace the photosensitive tube, and the two photovoltaic modules can be used as cells for photoelectric conversion and can also be used for detecting optical signals.
When sunlight vertically irradiates the plane of the photovoltaic array, the energy flux densities of the sunlight obtained on the two battery assemblies are completely the same, so that the generated current outputs are also the same, and the motor for controlling the direction does not rotate at the moment.
When the position of the sun changes, if the output currents of the two photovoltaic cell assemblies exceed the specified range, the deviation signals are used for driving the motor to rotate, so that the array is aligned with the sun again, and tracking is completed.
The method has the advantages that the circuit structure is simpler, a photosensitive tube is omitted, the tracking accuracy is higher, and the problem that the tracking cannot be performed due to weather reasons still exists.
The sun-looking movement track and the photoelectricity are combined to track the technology.
Both apparent day motion tracking and photoelectric tracking have certain limitations.
For the apparent day movement tracking, accurate positioning is needed before the operation is started, errors are easy to generate during the calculation of the sun angle, automatic adjustment cannot be performed after the errors are generated, and the like, so that the tracking device needs to be adjusted manually at regular intervals.
The photoelectric tracking often has the condition of no tracking or wrong tracking due to weather problems, particularly in cloudy weather, the photoelectric tracking tries to track bright spots at the edge of a cloud layer, and the motor reciprocates, so that energy waste and extra abrasion of parts are caused.
The sun-looking movement tracking and the photoelectric tracking are combined to complement the short distance, so that a satisfactory effect is obtained.
On the basis of photoelectric tracking, a sun-looking movement track tracking program is simultaneously set, when weather conditions such as dark cloud shielding or cloudy days are met, the light intensity is too small, an electric signal generated on the photosensitive tube is lower than a set threshold value, an interlocking circuit is formed by utilizing the threshold value, the system automatically jumps to the sun-looking movement track tracking program to execute, automatically jumps out after weather is improved, and continues photoelectric tracking.
In order to more accurately detect the weather conditions, the weather conditions can also be judged by detecting that the output voltage of the square matrix is lower than a threshold value.
The solar tracking is used for overcoming the defect of photoelectric tracking, the trough type heat collector can obtain maximum heat energy under any weather condition, and the photovoltaic power generation system is stably and reliably tracked and controlled.
The tracking mode has high tracking accuracy and stable working process, and can be applied to a plurality of large and medium-sized groove type heat collection power generation automatic tracking devices.
The method combines the two tracking modes, and simultaneously takes the photoelectric tracking mode as a main tracking mode and takes the sun-looking motion trail tracking mode as supplement.
On one hand, the advantages of photoelectric tracking are exerted, and the tracking is more accurate.
On the other hand, the sun is continuously tracked in special weather environments such as cloudy days.
The current tracking technology and control system still have the disadvantages and needs to be improved:
(1) improvements in control algorithms
The existing improved intermittent tracking control method is an open-loop control strategy, and a complex and intelligent control algorithm is not designed.
In the later learning work, the study should be conducted more deeply, and a more flexible and stable control algorithm is applied, so that the software system is more optimized, and the program is more concise.
(2) Implementation of a monitoring system
A key technical direction for the development of a background database for acquiring the running state data of the tracker and a monitoring system is a network technology, and a remote monitoring function, point-to-point data transmission, network video monitoring, remote data storage and the like are realized through a network.
(3) Implementation of group control system in engineering project
At present, the group control effect of various types of trackers is only realized on a test simulation platform, and the control of a single type of tracker such as a disk-type double-axis tracking system is used in engineering projects, so that the reliability of the group control system is continuously improved and perfected in future engineering application practice.
The price of the international components is obviously reduced at present, and in order to better improve the trough type heat collection power generation efficiency and the power generation efficiency of a photovoltaic power generation system, the cost problem needs to be considered in the process of considering the system implementation.
Tracking systems tend to simplify the mechanical structure and optimize the control to reduce the cost of the tracking system.
When the photo-thermal power station operates, because the solar incident angle changes constantly, the heat collector needs to keep the angle of direct sunlight constantly so as to maximize the heat collection efficiency, and the main function of the tracking system is to realize the aim.
On the heat collection field of thousands of mu of floor areas, unmanned monitoring, automatic operation and maintenance-free are to be realized, a tracking control system plays a crucial role therein, the control system can be connected with a main monitoring system of a power station, real-time data transmission, remote monitoring and problem diagnosis are realized, and the tracking control system can be said to be a neural center of the heat collection field.
Some energy companies are dedicated to the development of solar thermal power generation tracking systems and can provide a complete set of solutions from trough collector drive systems, local control systems, drive tower equipment to a light-gathering field integrated system.
The energy company has a technology accumulation of nearly 5 years in terms of tracking and control systems. The company develops a complete set of standard schemes TF100 and TF150 of a tracking control system according to the current standard size, different conditions of working wind load, maximum wind load and protective wind load and different material compositions by referring to the design of a foreign mainstream heat collector, and tests for 5 years in a plurality of projects and different climatic environments are performed in China.
The current standard scheme can be optimized to complete the optimal scheme most suitable for the current situation according to different design schemes of domestic customers and the difference of climate conditions of various regions.
In 2012, the predecessor of this energy company provided 2 hydraulic drive control sets for another company's 1.5MWth demonstration system.
The tracking and control system of the energy company is installed in northwest of China for the first time, and completely operates in the climate and environment of a real commercial power station to meet the design requirements.
Until now, the total installed capacity of the photo-thermal project completed by the energy company is 7.5MW, and 96 sets of tracking and control systems are mainly distributed in China, Thailand and America.
Meanwhile, the current project reserves of the company have about 700MW in total, and mainly focus on trough type thermal power generation (including pure photo-thermal power generation, natural gas combined cycle and biomass energy combined cycle).
According to introduction of a general manager of the energy company, the energy company builds a groove type solar tracking and control system laboratory before 2016, and then comprehensively tracks and controls from product research and development, network communication to a technology and test center simulating a 50MW power station system.
Meanwhile, comprehensive simulation is carried out on different tracking and control systems of different heat collectors, such as a molten salt trough type heat collector, a heat conduction oil trough type heat collector and the like, so that the solar tracking and control system laboratory becomes the first solar tracking and control system laboratory in China and is also the only solar tracking and control system laboratory in the world.
In addition, in order to improve the competitiveness of a domestic tracking control system and better serve the Chinese photo-thermal power generation demonstration project, the energy company plans to implement a localization strategy, and realizes localization of part of product production and system assembly links in a mode of cooperation with local machining enterprises in the region concentrated by the photo-thermal project in northwest, so that the purposes of reducing transportation cost and further improving the product competitiveness are achieved.
The cooperation mode can also enable the product to be more convenient after sale and lower in cost, and can better maintain the normal operation of the photothermal power station and drive the healthy development of the local industrial chain. The Chinese trough-type solar thermal power generation project breaks through 3 core technologies of a condensing lens, a tracking driving device and a line focusing heat collecting tube, and China is a country in which all technologies are localized after the United states, Germany and Israel.
The research and development of tracking the direct solar radiation have great economic value and environmental protection significance, the solar utilization efficiency is improved, and the dependence degree of human on mineral energy is greatly reduced. Now, the energy acceptance rate under the sun tracking and non-tracking conditions is compared: in solar applications, the lighting surface is usually placed obliquely to improve the acceptance of solar energy.
The size of the inclination angle is related to factors such as latitude, and generally about 45 degrees is adopted. Calculating the inclination angles of 45 degrees and 0 degrees by using a formula, wherein the peak values of the received energy when the installation inclination angle is 0 degree are positioned near noon and summer solstice of each day when the latitude is 37 degrees and the peak values of the received energy when the installation inclination angle is 0 degree in a unit area of a receiver in one year, but the total energy received all year round is smaller than that when the installation inclination angle is 45 degrees; the energy received at noon of each day is not necessarily the largest when the installation inclination is 45 °, nor is the peak of the received energy near the summer solstice, but the total radiation energy received all year round is greater than the installation angle of 0 °. The average solar energy acceptance rate of the receiver reaches 0.908 in one year at an inclination angle of 45 deg., and the average annual acceptance rate is 0.602 at an inclination angle of 0 deg.. And the number of days at high acceptance rate at an inclination angle of 45 ° is comparatively large. Therefore, under the condition of no tracking, the selection of the proper inclination angle can greatly improve the receiving rate of the solar energy. The latitude is different, and the solar energy receiving rate is different by adopting tracking and non-tracking under the condition of the same inclination angle. The average acceptance rate of solar energy in one year is 0.908, 0.914 and 0.896 respectively. It can be seen that the optimal installation inclination of the receiver at different latitudes is different, and the lower the latitude is at the same inclination, the greater the acceptance rate of the receiver for solar energy is. In addition, the tracker can further improve the receiving rate of solar energy. The solar energy receiving rate can be greatly improved by selecting a proper inclination angle at the same latitude. The optimal installation inclination angles of the receiver are different at different latitudes, and the lower the latitude is at the same inclination angle, the higher the acceptance rate of the receiver to solar energy is. The use of a tracking solar receiver provides higher reception efficiency than a stationary solar receiver.
In the prior art, as shown in fig. 3, four photosensitive devices 3 ' are arranged in a container 2 ', and each photosensitive device 3 ' is independent; when the sunlight 1 irradiates into the circular hole of the container, the four photosensitive devices 3' are different in irradiation intensity, so that the directions of the sun can be distinguished, and the irradiation angle of the sunlight can be obtained.
However, the photosensitive device has a complex structure and high maintenance and overhaul costs; when a single photosensitive element fails, the detection accuracy of the photosensitive device is poor, which is not beneficial to the solar heat collection device to adjust the rotation angle of the reflecting surface so as to heat the hollow tube well.
Therefore, there is a need to provide a new photosensitive device, a solar heat collecting device and a biogas system to solve the above technical problems.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model provides a technical problem provide a photosensitive device to photosensitive device detects the precision low among the solution prior art, is unfavorable for solar heat collection device adjustment plane of reflection in order to heat the interior natural pond liquid of cavity, promotes the technical problem of natural pond liquid fermentation.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides a photosensitive device, which comprises a spherical cap type base and a plurality of groups of photosensitive containers, wherein the photosensitive containers are embedded into the spherical cap type base;
each group of photosensitive containers is arranged around the center of the spherical crown type base; in two adjacent groups of the photosensitive containers, one group of the photosensitive containers is arranged around the other group of the photosensitive containers;
the photosensitive container includes dark pore container and photosensitive element, the degree of depth of dark pore container is greater than the width of dark pore container, photosensitive element locates in the dark pore container, and be located the bottom of dark pore container.
Preferably, the center of the spherical cap type base is also provided with the photosensitive container.
Preferably, the inner wall of the deep-pored container is coated with a light absorbing material.
Preferably, the depth of the deep-well container is greater than or equal to three times the width of the deep-well container.
Preferably, the number of groups of photosensitive containers is greater than or equal to five.
Preferably, the number of photosensitive containers per group is greater than or equal to seven.
Preferably, the number of the photosensitive containers in each group increases in a direction away from the center of the spherical cap base.
Preferably, the extension line of the central axis of each of the deep-well containers intersects at a point.
The utility model also provides a solar heat collection device, including support, connecting pipe, hollow tube, drive arrangement, plane of reflection subassembly and the sensitization device, the hollow tube is hung on the top of support through the connecting pipe, drive arrangement locates the support, the plane of reflection subassembly is towards the hollow tube setting, and with drive arrangement transmission connection; wherein, the photosensitive device is in signal connection with the driving device.
The utility model provides a photosensitive device, wherein the photosensitive container is embedded into the spherical cap type base; each group of photosensitive containers is arranged around the center of the spherical crown type base; in two adjacent groups of the photosensitive containers, one group of the photosensitive containers is arranged around the other group of the photosensitive containers; the photosensitive container comprises a deep pore container and a photosensitive element, the depth of the deep pore container is greater than the width of the deep pore container, and the photosensitive element is arranged in the deep pore container and is positioned at the bottom end of the deep pore container;
in the multiple sets of photosensitive containers:
when sunlight vertically irradiates into a deep pore container, the light sensing element can directly detect the vertically irradiated sunlight with the maximum intensity;
when sunlight does not vertically enter other deep pore containers, the sunlight can be refracted on the inner wall of the deep pore container for multiple times, and after multiple times of refraction, the intensity of the sunlight gradually declines, so that when the sunlight irradiates a photosensitive element, the intensity of the sunlight is extremely weak or even zero;
therefore, the incident angle of the sunlight is accurately judged according to the sunlight with the maximum intensity detected by the photosensitive element; the solar heat collection device is favorable for adjusting the reflecting surface to heat the biogas slurry in the hollow pipe according to the detection result and promoting the fermentation of the biogas slurry.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a top view of a photosensitive device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the photosensitive device shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art photosensitive device;
FIG. 4 is an assembly view of the photosensitive container and the photosensitive element shown in FIG. 1;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of a solar heat collection apparatus provided by the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a design architecture diagram of the solar thermal collection device shown in FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the biogas system provided by the present invention;
fig. 8 is a use scene diagram of the biogas system provided by the utility model.
The reference numbers illustrate:
a photosensitive device (not numbered), a solar heat collection device (not numbered), and a biogas system (not numbered);
a segment-type support (not numbered), a photosensitive container (not numbered);
1-sunlight, 2-deep pore container and 3-photosensitive element;
11-a bracket, 9-a connecting pipe, 10-a hollow pipe, 14-a reflecting surface component and 16-a driving device;
19-a methane tank and 20-a pump body.
The objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the motion situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawings), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, descriptions in the present application as to "first", "second", and the like are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicit to the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the present application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "connected" and "fixed" are to be construed broadly, e.g., "fixed" may be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical solutions between the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other, but it is necessary to be able to be realized by a person having ordinary skill in the art as a basis, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, the combination of such technical solutions should be considered to be absent, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The utility model provides a photosensitive device.
Referring to fig. 1-2 and fig. 4, in an embodiment of the present invention, the photosensitive device includes a spherical cap base and a plurality of photosensitive containers, and the photosensitive containers are embedded in the spherical cap base;
each group of photosensitive containers is arranged around the center of the spherical crown type base; in two adjacent groups of the photosensitive containers, one group of the photosensitive containers is arranged around the other group of the photosensitive containers;
the photosensitive container includes deep pore container 2 and photosensitive element 3, the degree of depth of deep pore container 2 is greater than the width of deep pore container 2, photosensitive element 3 locates in the deep pore container 2, and be located the bottom of deep pore container 2.
The utility model provides a photosensitive device's theory of use as follows:
in the multiple sets of photosensitive containers:
when sunlight 1 vertically enters a deep pore container 2, the light sensing element 3 can directly detect the vertically entering sunlight 1 with the maximum intensity;
when the sunlight 1 does not vertically irradiate into other deep pore containers 2, the sunlight 1 can be refracted for multiple times on the inner walls of the deep pore containers 2, and after the multiple refractions, the intensity of the sunlight 1 gradually declines, so that the intensity of the sunlight is extremely weak or even zero when the sunlight irradiates the photosensitive element 3;
therefore, the incident angle of the sunlight 1 is accurately judged according to the sunlight 1 with the maximum intensity detected by the photosensitive element 3; the solar heat collecting device is favorable for adjusting the reflecting surface to heat the biogas slurry in the hollow tube 10 according to the detection result and promoting the fermentation of the biogas slurry.
For the convenience of understanding the shape and structure of the photosensitive device, the following is not defined:
(1) segment of ball: it means that a part of a ball cut by a plane is called a segment. The section is called the bottom surface of the segment, and the length of the cut line section after the diameter vertical to the section is cut is called the height of the segment.
(2) Spherical cap: which is the remaining curved surface of a spherical surface cut by a plane. The truncated circular surface is the base and the portion of the diameter perpendicular to the circular surface that is truncated is the height. It can also be regarded as a surface obtained by rotating a circle around the diameter of a circle having one end point thereof.
The segment belongs to a geometric body, and refers to a part obtained by cutting a ball by a plane, which is a concept of a 'body'. The spherical cap is just a concept of a 'surface', and refers to a part of a spherical surface which is cut by a plane;
the area of the spherical segment curved surface portion (spherical cap area) S ═ 2 pi RH, and the formula of the spherical segment volume V ═ pi/3 (3R-H) × H ^2(R is the radius of the sphere, H is the height of the spherical segment).
In this embodiment, the spherical cap base is actually a "segment structure", and the "segment structure" necessarily has a spherical cap surface.
The photosensitive vessel is actually embedded in the spherical crown surface.
The center of the spherical cap type base is the geometric center of the spherical cap surface. Namely, the intersection point of the line segment in the height direction of the "segment structure" and the spherical crown surface.
Referring to fig. 1 again, as a preferred mode of the present embodiment, the center of the spherical cap base is further provided with one photosensitive container, and the number of the photosensitive containers is increased to increase the detection accuracy of the photosensitive device.
The inner wall of the deep-pore container 2 is coated with light-absorbing material. To increase the light absorption effect of the inner wall, the intensity of the refracted sunlight 1 is further reduced when the sunlight 1 does not vertically enter other deep-pore containers 2.
The light absorbing material may be a black material as in the prior art.
The depth of the deep-pore container 2 is the geometric length of the deep-pore container 2 along the direction of the central axis of the deep-pore container 2;
the width of the deep-well vessel 2 is the geometric length of the deep-well vessel 2 in a direction perpendicular to the central axis of the deep-well vessel 2.
The depth of the deep-meshed container 2 is greater than or equal to three times the width of the deep-meshed container 2. The number of the groups of the photosensitive containers is greater than or equal to five. The number of the photosensitive containers in each group is more than or equal to seven. Through the density that increases the photosensitive container for the opening of photosensitive container can be with more meticulous angle towards the sky, with the sunlight 1 of the perpendicular incidence of collection more accurate, further promotion photosensitive device's detection precision.
The number of the photosensitive containers in each group increases progressively along the direction far away from the center of the spherical cap type base.
Referring again to fig. 2, the extension line of the central axis of each deep-pore container 2 intersects at a point. The point can be the center of a sphere corresponding to the 'segment structure'.
In addition, the utility model also provides a solar heat collection device.
Referring to fig. 5-6, in an embodiment of the present invention, the solar heat collecting device includes a support 11, a connecting pipe 9, a hollow pipe 10, a driving device 16, a reflecting surface assembly 14 and the photosensitive device, the hollow pipe 10 is suspended at the top end of the support 11 through the connecting pipe 9, the driving device 16 is disposed on the support 11, and the reflecting surface assembly 14 is disposed toward the hollow pipe 10 and is in transmission connection with the driving device 16; wherein, the photosensitive device is connected with the driving device 16 through signals.
The specific structure of the photosensitive device refers to the above embodiments, and since the solar heat collection device adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments are achieved, and no further description is given here.
In the solar heat collecting device provided by the utility model, the photosensitive device is in signal connection with the driving device 16, when sunlight 1 vertically irradiates into a deep pore container 2, the photosensitive element 3 can directly detect the vertically irradiating sunlight 1 with the maximum intensity; this light sensing element 3 transmits detected signal to drive arrangement 16, and drive arrangement 16 learns the incident angle of sunlight 1 with this to the rotatory bottom of intersecting of adjustment plane of component 14 makes plane of reflection component 14 launch sunlight 1 the at utmost to hollow tube 10, with the natural pond liquid in the heating hollow tube 10, promotes the better fermentation of natural pond liquid.
In addition, the utility model also provides a marsh gas system.
Referring to fig. 7, in an embodiment of the present invention, the biogas system includes a biogas tank 19, a pump body 20 and the solar heat collecting device, wherein the pump body 20 is used for sending biogas slurry in the biogas tank 19 into the hollow tube 10 and then returning the biogas slurry to the biogas tank 19.
The concrete structure of the solar heat collection device refers to the above embodiments, and the biogas system adopts all technical solutions of all the above embodiments, so that the biogas system at least has all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, and details are not repeated herein.
In this embodiment, the number of the solar heat collecting devices may be multiple, and the hollow tubes 10 of the multiple solar heat collecting devices are sequentially connected in series;
the temperature of the livestock excrement can be raised to be above 400 ℃ at most through a plurality of serial connection, the temperature is lower when the serial number is smaller, the temperature of the excrement hydrolyzed by general excrement only needs to be raised to be about 100 ℃, and the invention is also suitable for producing sanitary hot water or being used as a heating air conditioner.
Referring to fig. 8, the invention applies the solar tracking technology to the heating of livestock manure, and hydrolyzes to greatly improve the biogas production rate, and can realize more accurate tracking of the sun than the prior art, thereby realizing the maximization of the solar energy utilization efficiency.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limiting the scope of the present invention, all of which are under the concept of the present invention, the equivalent structure transformation made by the contents of the specification and the drawings is utilized, or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A photosensitive device is characterized by comprising a spherical crown type base and a plurality of groups of photosensitive containers, wherein the photosensitive containers are embedded into the spherical crown type base;
each group of photosensitive containers is arranged around the center of the spherical crown type base; in two adjacent groups of the photosensitive containers, one group of the photosensitive containers is arranged around the other group of the photosensitive containers;
the photosensitive container includes dark pore container and photosensitive element, the degree of depth of dark pore container is greater than the width of dark pore container, photosensitive element locates in the dark pore container, and be located the bottom of dark pore container.
2. A photosensitive device according to claim 1, wherein said spherical cap base is further provided with said photosensitive vessel at a center thereof.
3. A photosensitive device according to claim 2, wherein the inner wall of the deep-meshed container is coated with a light-absorbing material.
4. A photosensitive device according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the deep-well container is greater than or equal to three times the width of the deep-well container.
5. A photosensitive device according to claim 1, wherein the number of sets of said photosensitive vessels is five or more.
6. A photosensitive device according to claim 5, wherein the number of photosensitive containers per set is greater than or equal to seven.
7. A photosensitive device according to claim 5, wherein the number of said photosensitive containers per set increases in a direction away from the center of said spherical base.
8. A photosensitive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the extension line of the central axis of each of the deep-pore vessels intersects at a point.
9. A solar heat collection device is characterized by comprising a support, a connecting pipe, a hollow pipe, a driving device, a reflecting surface assembly and a photosensitive device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the hollow pipe is suspended at the top end of the support through the connecting pipe, the driving device is arranged on the support, and the reflecting surface assembly faces the hollow pipe and is in transmission connection with the driving device; wherein, the photosensitive device is in signal connection with the driving device.
10. A biogas system, comprising a biogas tank, a pump body and the solar heat collection device as claimed in claim 9, wherein the pump body is used for sending biogas slurry in the biogas tank into the hollow tube and then sending the biogas slurry back to the biogas tank.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110057118A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-26 | 湖南福瑞来环保节能科技有限公司 | Photosensitive device, solar energy heat collector and bionethanation system |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110057118A (en) * | 2019-05-17 | 2019-07-26 | 湖南福瑞来环保节能科技有限公司 | Photosensitive device, solar energy heat collector and bionethanation system |
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