CN113124939A - Online evaluation system for turbine blade and early warning method for damage of turbine blade - Google Patents
Online evaluation system for turbine blade and early warning method for damage of turbine blade Download PDFInfo
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- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
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- 238000013523 data management Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 36
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N Cobalt-60 Chemical compound [60Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N Tritium Chemical compound [3H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-YPZZEJLDSA-N iodine-125 Chemical compound [125I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940044173 iodine-125 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-IGMARMGPSA-N iridium-192 Chemical compound [192Ir] GKOZUEZYRPOHIO-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052722 tritium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses an online evaluation system for turbine blades and a turbine blade damage early warning method, and belongs to the technical field of turbine equipment. A turbine blade online evaluation system comprises a blade monitoring data acquisition system, a blade monitoring data management module, a blade state online evaluation module and a display processing module; a damage early warning method for a turbine blade comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: the blade monitoring data acquisition system is arranged at the working position of the turbine and is in signal connection with the blade monitoring data management module. The invention carries out on-line monitoring on the turbine blade through the blade monitoring data acquisition system, carries out real-time fatigue risk estimation, crack risk estimation and crack identification on the turbine blade after the comprehensive analysis of various data, and prompts the crew in an intuitive mode, thereby eliminating the influence of the complex environment in the turbine on the sensor, greatly improving the early warning accuracy of the turbine blade, avoiding the occurrence of the fracture accident of the turbine blade and improving the use efficiency of the turbine.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an online evaluation system of turbine blades and a turbine blade damage early warning method, and belongs to the technical field of turbine equipment.
Background
The steam turbine is a rotary steam power device, high-temperature and high-pressure steam passes through a fixed nozzle to become accelerated airflow and then is sprayed onto blades, so that a rotor provided with blade rows rotates, and simultaneously, the rotor does work outwards. The turbine is used in the power plant of the naval vessel, the turbine blade is the key part of the turbine, it bears the high temperature, high pressure, huge centrifugal force, steam exciting force, corrode and shake and wet steam district water droplet erosion combined action under the extremely harsh condition, the working environment of the turbine blade is abominable, the turbine blade can produce the crackle after using for a long time, the blade shakes and splits the accident and also happens occasionally, because the turbine is in use, lead to the crackle can not be found fast, and in order to guarantee the maximization of the production efficiency, can not frequently stop operating it in order to overhaul, therefore can't assess the damage degree under the turbine blade running state accurately, come the effectual blade accident of containment to take place, and this kind of situation leads to the efficiency can't maximize.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a turbine blade on-line evaluation system and turbine blade damage early warning method, it has solved the damage degree under can not accurate aassessment turbine blade running state, comes the effectual blade accident of containment to take place, if frequently overhauld simultaneously can lead to the problem that efficiency can not maximize.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a turbine blade online evaluation system comprises a blade monitoring data acquisition system, a blade monitoring data management module, a blade state online evaluation module and a display processing module;
the blade monitoring data acquisition system comprises an ultrasonic sensing module, an eddy current sensing module and a radioactive substance detection module;
the ultrasonic sensing module is used for monitoring macroscopic defects, geometrical characteristics, tissue structures and mechanical property changes of the turbine blade, and ultrasonic waves after reflection change are received by the ultrasonic sensing module, processed and sent to the blade monitoring data management module;
the eddy current sensing module is used for monitoring the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade in real time during rotation, processing the axial relative displacement change and sending the processed axial relative displacement change to the blade monitoring data management module;
the radioactive substance detection module is used for monitoring the radioactive intensity of air at the downstream of the turbine blade and the radioactive intensity of abnormal aggregation on the turbine blade in real time when the turbine blade runs, processing the radioactive intensity and then sending the processed radioactive intensity to the blade monitoring data management module;
the blade monitoring data management module is used for receiving and storing real-time data from the blade monitoring data acquisition system, processing and integrating the data, and sending the processed data to the blade state online evaluation module;
and the blade state online evaluation module is used for analyzing and judging the data sent by the blade monitoring data management module, and the result is displayed on the display processing module.
The system also comprises a display processing module which displays the analysis result of the blade state online evaluation module in a form of a graphic report.
As a preferred example, the blade state online evaluation module comprises blade vibration data analysis, blade crack degree analysis and blade wear degree analysis.
As a preferable example, the eddy current sensing module converts the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade into a pulse time analog signal and sends the pulse time analog signal to the blade monitoring data management module.
A damage early warning method for a turbine blade comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the blade monitoring data acquisition system is arranged at a working position on the turbine and is in signal connection with the blade monitoring data management module, and the blade monitoring data management module stores standard simulation data of turbine blades;
step two: the ultrasonic sensing module detects data of the turbine blade after the turbine blade stops rotating and establishes a three-dimensional structure model of the turbine blade;
step three: converting a pulse time analog signal generated by the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade into blade vibration displacement data in a digital form, and carrying out amplification and filtering processing on the blade vibration displacement data, wherein the blade vibration displacement data comprises vibration amplitude and vibration frequency;
step four: the turbine is externally connected with a detection loop, the radioactive intensity of gas in the detection loop is measured, radioactive elements are put into blades of the turbine periodically, and the distribution condition of the radioactive elements is detected through a radioactive substance detection module;
step five: and analyzing and processing the data measured by the ultrasonic sensing module, the eddy current sensing module and the radioactive substance detection module, comparing the data with standard simulation data respectively, and finally integrating all the data to fit into an expression numerical value and displaying the expression numerical value on the display processing module.
As a preferred example, the standard simulation data in the first step is obtained by simulation analysis and experiments and is standard data in a normal state of the turbine blade.
As a preferred example, the radioactive elements are in the micron-scale size.
As a preferred example, the weight ratio in the fifth step is that the ratio of the ultrasonic sensing module to the eddy current sensing module to the radioactive substance detection module is = 1: 3: 2.
As a preferred example, the expression values in step five are in percentage form.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention carries out on-line monitoring on the turbine blade through the blade monitoring data acquisition system, carries out real-time fatigue risk estimation, crack risk estimation and crack identification on the turbine blade after the comprehensive analysis of various data, and prompts the crew in an intuitive mode, thereby eliminating the influence of the complex environment in the turbine on the sensor, greatly improving the early warning accuracy of the turbine blade, avoiding the occurrence of the fracture accident of the turbine blade and improving the use efficiency of the turbine.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a graph showing the fitted fatigue/crack risk level versus time.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the original characteristics, the achieved purpose and the efficacy of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with reference to the specific drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an online evaluation system for turbine blades comprises a blade monitoring data acquisition system, a blade monitoring data management module, a blade state online evaluation module and a display processing module;
the blade monitoring data acquisition system comprises an ultrasonic sensing module, an eddy current sensing module and a radioactive substance detection module;
the ultrasonic sensing module is used for monitoring macroscopic defects, geometrical characteristics, organizational structures and mechanical property changes of the turbine blade, and ultrasonic waves after reflection change are received by the ultrasonic sensing module, processed and sent to the blade monitoring data management module;
the ultrasonic sensing module is mainly based on the transmission characteristic of ultrasonic waves in the turbine blade, the ultrasonic waves enter the turbine blade by adopting a generator, the ultrasonic waves are transmitted in the turbine blade and interact with defects in the turbine blade, so that the transmission direction or the characteristics of the ultrasonic waves are changed, the changed ultrasonic waves are received by detection equipment and can be processed and analyzed, and according to the characteristics of the received ultrasonic waves, whether the turbine blade and the interior of the turbine blade have the defects or not and the characteristics of the defects are evaluated;
in the working process of the ultrasonic sensing module, the working frequency of most ultrasonic waves is 40-45Khz which is far higher than the frequency audible by human beings, but the ultrasonic sensing module can be interfered by surrounding noise with similar frequency, such as high-frequency noise when a turbine rotor rotates at high speed, noise generated by high-speed flow of air flow in a turbine, vibration noise of a turbine blade and the like, the detection precision of the ultrasonic sensing module can be reduced, even an error signal is received, a low-frequency probe (2MHz) is used for carrying out ultrasonic flaw detection on the turbine blade, the transmitted ultrasonic waves are coded, and only the ultrasonic feedback with the codes is received for processing and analysis.
The eddy current sensing module is used for monitoring the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade in real time during rotation, processing the axial relative displacement change and sending the processed axial relative displacement change to the blade monitoring data management module;
the eddy current sensor is commonly used for state analysis and measurement of high-speed rotating machinery and reciprocating machinery, and can continuously and accurately acquire various parameters of the vibration state of a rotor for non-contact high-precision vibration and displacement signals.
The radioactive substance detection module is used for monitoring the radioactive intensity of air at the downstream of the turbine blade and the radioactive intensity of abnormal aggregation on the turbine blade in real time when the turbine blade runs, processing the radioactive intensity and then sending the processed radioactive intensity to the blade monitoring data management module;
the radioactive isotope is mixed in the material for manufacturing the turbine blade, so that the abrasion degree of the turbine blade can be determined according to the radioactive intensity of other parts in the turbine, and the turbine blade is not interfered by other non-radioactive factors.
The blade monitoring data management module is used for receiving and storing real-time data from the blade monitoring data acquisition system, processing and integrating the data, and sending the processed data to the blade state online evaluation module;
and the blade state online evaluation module is used for analyzing and judging the data sent by the blade monitoring data management module, and the result is displayed on the display processing module.
The blade state online evaluation system further comprises a display processing module, and the display processing module displays the analysis result of the blade state online evaluation module in a form of a graphic report.
The blade state online evaluation module comprises blade vibration data analysis, blade crack degree analysis and blade wear degree analysis, and analyzes three aspects of the turbine blade by using a relation model according to data measured by the blade monitoring data management module, wherein the relation model is tested by dynamic stress in a laboratory and comprises an amplitude-stress relation, a vibration frequency-stress relation and a radiation intensity-stress relation.
Most of data detected by the blade monitoring data acquisition system belong to fast-changing data, the data volume is huge, an outdated range is set for the data, and the outdated vibration data are directly discarded.
The eddy current sensing module converts the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade into a pulse time analog signal and sends the pulse time analog signal to the blade monitoring data management module.
A damage early warning method for a turbine blade comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the blade monitoring data acquisition system is arranged at a working position on the turbine and is in signal connection with the blade monitoring data management module, and the blade monitoring data management module stores standard simulation data of turbine blades;
step two: the ultrasonic sensing module detects data of the turbine blade after the turbine blade stops rotating and establishes a three-dimensional structure model of the turbine blade;
step three: converting a pulse time analog signal generated by the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade into digital blade vibration displacement data, and carrying out amplification and filtering processing on the digital blade vibration displacement data, wherein the blade vibration displacement data comprises vibration amplitude and vibration frequency;
step four: the turbine is externally connected with a detection loop to measure the radioactive intensity of gas in the detection loop, under normal conditions, the gas in the turbine should have no radioactivity, if the radioactivity is detected, the turbine blade shows that the turbine blade is worn, radioactive elements doped in the turbine blade are brought into the turbine by the gas, the higher the detected radioactive intensity is, the more serious the turbine blade is, specific measurement and calculation data of the turbine blade are according to a relation model between the radioactive intensity and the wear degree, and the relation model is obtained through tests;
the method comprises the steps of regularly putting radioactive elements to a turbine blade, wherein the radioactive elements flow in the turbine, when the radioactive elements pass through the turbine blade, if the turbine blade is a smooth plane, the measured radioactive intensity is in average distribution, if cracks appear on the surface of the turbine blade, the radioactive elements stay at the cracks and gather, the radioactive intensity at the position is larger than the intensity of the surrounding environment, detecting the distribution condition of the radioactive elements through a radioactive substance detection module, namely, whether cracks occur or not and the approximate distribution condition of the cracks can be measured, and the size data of the cracks can be approximately measured according to the size of the radioactive intensity;
step five: and analyzing and processing the data measured by the ultrasonic sensing module, the eddy current sensing module and the radioactive substance detection module, comparing the data with standard simulation data respectively, fitting the result of comparison of the data into an expression numerical value according to the weight, and displaying the expression numerical value on the display processing module.
And the standard simulation data in the step one is obtained by simulation analysis and experiments and is standard data of the turbine blade in a normal state.
The radioactive elements are of micron-scale dimensions that facilitate their collection in cracks in the turbine blades, resulting in relatively high intensity radioactivity, including iridium 192, tritium, iodine 125, cobalt 60, and the like.
The weight ratio in the fifth step is that the ultrasonic sensing module, the eddy current sensing module and the radioactive substance detection module = 1: 3: 2, and after data measured by the acoustic sensing module, the eddy current sensing module and the radioactive substance detection module are analyzed and processed, the fatigue/crack risk degree is fitted according to the weight ratio, as shown in fig. 2, wherein: a represents standard simulation data, B represents detection data of an ultrasonic sensing module, C represents a detection module of an eddy current sensing module, D represents fitting expression verticality, E represents detection data of a radioactive substance detection module, fatigue/crack risk degree of the turbine blade is in an ascending trend along with prolonging of service time, and compared with constant standard simulation data obtained through experiments, the fatigue/crack risk degree gradually deviates, and the damage degree and the fatigue degree of the turbine blade are gradually increased.
And the expression numerical value in the fifth step is in a percentage form, so that the crew can conveniently understand, and meanwhile, according to the fitted fatigue/crack risk degree, a predicted value in a certain time period can be given to the crew for reference, and the damage of the turbine blade is early warned, so that the timely prevention and the overhaul are facilitated.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. An online evaluation system for a turbine blade, comprising: the system comprises a blade monitoring data acquisition system, a blade monitoring data management module, a blade state online evaluation module and a display processing module;
the blade monitoring data acquisition system comprises an ultrasonic sensing module, an eddy current sensing module and a radioactive substance detection module;
the ultrasonic sensing module is used for monitoring macroscopic defects, geometrical characteristics, tissue structures and mechanical property changes of the turbine blade, and ultrasonic waves after reflection change are received by the ultrasonic sensing module, processed and sent to the blade monitoring data management module;
the eddy current sensing module is used for monitoring the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade in real time during rotation, processing the axial relative displacement change and sending the processed axial relative displacement change to the blade monitoring data management module;
the radioactive substance detection module is used for monitoring the radioactive intensity of air at the downstream of the turbine blade and the radioactive intensity of abnormal aggregation on the turbine blade in real time when the turbine blade runs, processing the radioactive intensity and then sending the processed radioactive intensity to the blade monitoring data management module;
the blade monitoring data management module is used for receiving and storing real-time data from the blade monitoring data acquisition system, processing and integrating the data, and sending the processed data to the blade state online evaluation module;
and the blade state online evaluation module is used for analyzing and judging the data sent by the blade monitoring data management module, and the result is displayed on the display processing module.
2. The online evaluation system for turbine blades of claim 1, wherein: the blade state online evaluation system further comprises a display processing module, and the display processing module displays the analysis result of the blade state online evaluation module in a form of a graphic report.
3. The online evaluation system for turbine blades of claim 1, wherein: the blade state online evaluation module comprises blade vibration data analysis, blade crack degree analysis and blade wear degree analysis.
4. The online evaluation system for turbine blades of claim 1, wherein: the eddy current sensing module converts the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade into a pulse time analog signal and sends the pulse time analog signal to the blade monitoring data management module.
5. A damage early warning method of a turbine blade is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the blade monitoring data acquisition system is arranged at a working position on the turbine and is in signal connection with the blade monitoring data management module, and the blade monitoring data management module stores standard simulation data of turbine blades;
step two: the ultrasonic sensing module detects data of the turbine blade after the turbine blade stops rotating and establishes a three-dimensional structure model of the turbine blade;
step three: converting a pulse time analog signal generated by the axial relative displacement change of the turbine blade into blade vibration displacement data in a digital form, and carrying out amplification and filtering processing on the blade vibration displacement data, wherein the blade vibration displacement data comprises vibration amplitude and vibration frequency;
step four: the turbine is externally connected with a detection loop, the radioactive intensity of gas in the detection loop is measured, radioactive elements are put into blades of the turbine periodically, and the distribution condition of the radioactive elements is detected through a radioactive substance detection module;
step five: and analyzing and processing the data measured by the ultrasonic sensing module, the eddy current sensing module and the radioactive substance detection module, comparing the data with standard simulation data respectively, fitting the result of comparison of the data into an expression numerical value according to the weight, and displaying the expression numerical value on the display processing module.
6. The damage warning method of a turbine blade according to claim 5, wherein: and the standard simulation data in the first step are obtained by simulation analysis and experiments and are standard data of the turbine blade in a normal state.
7. The damage warning method of a turbine blade according to claim 5, wherein: the radioactive elements are of micron-scale dimensions.
8. The damage warning method of a turbine blade according to claim 5, wherein: the weight ratio in the fifth step is that the ratio of the ultrasonic sensing module to the eddy current sensing module to the radioactive substance detection module is = 1: 3: 2.
9. The damage warning method of a turbine blade according to claim 5, wherein: the expression value in the step five is in the form of percentage.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113916366A (en) * | 2021-10-21 | 2022-01-11 | 山东鑫海矿业技术装备股份有限公司 | Vibration signal-based method and device for monitoring operation of impeller of vortex crusher |
| CN115376301A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-22 | 广东粤电博贺能源有限公司 | Blade fracture early warning method and system of steam turbine, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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