CN212254562U - Vibration monitoring system for moving blade of steam turbine - Google Patents
Vibration monitoring system for moving blade of steam turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN212254562U CN212254562U CN202021061705.1U CN202021061705U CN212254562U CN 212254562 U CN212254562 U CN 212254562U CN 202021061705 U CN202021061705 U CN 202021061705U CN 212254562 U CN212254562 U CN 212254562U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a steam turbine technical field, especially a steam turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system, including sensor unit, signal processing unit, data analysis unit, the sensor unit sets up on steam turbine cylinder inner wall, and with the top position of steam turbine moving blade corresponds, the sensor unit with between the signal processing unit, be connected through the cable that passes the steam turbine cylinder, the signal processing unit with between the data analysis unit to wired or wireless mode is connected. The utility model discloses can realize monitoring the dynamic motion characteristic of steam turbine moving blade in real time, fast, for a long time under the unit actual operating condition, not influence the safe operation and the efficiency of steam turbine unit, can be under the various operating condition of steam turbine unit, gather the analysis to the operational aspect of last stage moving blade.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a steam turbine technical field, especially a steam turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system.
Background
The low-pressure last stage moving blade is one of the core components of a high-capacity high-parameter steam turbine, and the length of the low-pressure last stage moving blade of a typical steam turbine applied to the full rotation speed at present is between 1 and 1.5 meters, and the low-pressure last stage moving blade of the steam turbine runs under high steady-state stress due to centrifugal load and causes high cycle fatigue crack of a blade material due to excitation force of steam or aeroelastic instability (chattering). In addition, low pressure last stage moving blades operate in a high velocity moisture environment, which can cause water droplets to erode the blades, which can create stress concentrations in the blades, thereby increasing the vulnerability of the blades to high cycle fatigue cracks. The low pressure last stage moving blades break during use, causing extensive damage to the steam turbine and risk injury to the plant operator.
For the inspection and monitoring of the dynamic characteristics of the low-pressure final-stage moving blade, a finite element analysis and CFD flow field simulation method is generally adopted for simulation, and a model component or a first full-size component is tested. But only for low pressure last stage moving blades of new design and production, while for a running plant, it is common to perform field telemetry tests on the running plant to test the response characteristics of the last stage blades. The method is implemented by mounting and attaching strain gauges at key positions such as the root of the last-stage blade, converting the deformation of the blade into the change of resistance values through the strain effect by the strain gauges, converting the change into electric signals and transmitting the electric signals to a signal processing unit through wireless transmission, and further judging the working condition of the last-stage blade. However, the service life of the transformer is limited, the transformer is not easy to replace, only short-term measurement can be performed, long-time real-time online monitoring and fault analysis cannot be realized, the transformer is susceptible to complex flow fields in the cylinder, the interference of wireless signals is serious, and the measurement result is prone to deviation.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model overcomes above-mentioned shortcoming provides a real-time, efficient steam turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system.
The utility model provides a technical scheme that its technical problem adopted is: a vibration monitoring system for a moving blade of a steam turbine comprises a sensor unit, a signal processing unit and a data analysis unit, wherein the sensor unit is arranged on the inner wall of a cylinder of the steam turbine and corresponds to the top position of the moving blade of the steam turbine, the sensor unit and the signal processing unit are connected through a cable penetrating through the cylinder of the steam turbine, and the signal processing unit and the data analysis unit are connected in a wired or wireless mode.
Further, the sensor unit may include at least one of a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor, and a rotation speed sensor.
Further, the center line of the rotational speed sensor and/or the vibration sensor may correspond to the position of the radiation line in the operating state of the moving blade.
Furthermore, in the sensor unit, the number of the same type of sensors can be at least two, and each sensor is respectively positioned on a circumference coaxial with the steam turbine.
Further, the sensors in the sensor unit may be respectively located on different circumferences coaxial with the turbine.
Furthermore, a sleeve is sleeved outside the cable, the sleeve can be fixed on the wall of the cylinder of the steam turbine, and a sealing plug is arranged at the position where the sleeve penetrates through the cylinder.
Further, the probe end of the rotating speed sensor can be 0.1-0.5 mm away from the inner surface of the inner cylinder.
Furthermore, the system also comprises a key phase sensor arranged on the rotor of the steam turbine, and the key phase sensor is connected with the data analysis unit.
Further, the vibration sensor or the rotation speed sensor can be at least one of a variable reluctance sensor, an eddy current sensor and a laser sensor, and the pressure sensor can be at least one of a variable reluctance sensor and an eddy current sensor.
The utility model discloses can realize monitoring the dynamic motion characteristic of steam turbine moving blade in real time, fast, for a long time under the unit actual operating condition, not influence the safe operation and the efficiency of steam turbine unit, can be under the various operating condition of steam turbine unit, gather the analysis to the operational aspect of last stage moving blade.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an installation structure of the rotation speed sensor according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the schematic block diagram of the preferred embodiment of the present invention includes a sensor unit, a signal processing unit, and a data analysis unit, which are electrically connected in sequence. The sensor unit comprises a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor and a rotating speed sensor, and is respectively connected with the signal processing unit. The signal processing unit is arranged in a junction box outside the cylinder, converts the electric signals transmitted by the sensor unit into characteristic data, and is connected with the data analysis unit in a wired or wireless mode. And the key phase sensor is arranged on the steam turbine rotor and is also connected with the signal processing unit.
And a plurality of sensors in the sensor unit are arranged on the inner wall of the steam turbine cylinder, correspond to the top of the steam turbine moving blade, and are connected with cables between the sensor unit and the signal processing unit and penetrate through the steam turbine cylinder.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic view of the mounting structure of the preferred embodiment, the mounting structure of each sensor is basically the same, and only the mounting structure of the rotation speed sensor is taken as an example in the figure.
In order to accommodate the respective sensors, a mounting hole 2 is bored in the inner wall of the top of the last-stage moving blade corresponding to the cylinder 1, and the rotation speed sensor 3 is mounted in the mounting hole 2. The trompil operation both can be gone on the cylinder inner wall of new processing, also can go on the cylinder during the maintenance of steam turbine, no matter new machine or the steam turbine of having put into production promptly, all can adopt the utility model discloses the scheme.
Because the moving blade 4 of the steam turbine has a deviation between the radiation line C1 in the cold state and the radiation line C2 in the operating state, the center line C3 of the rotation speed sensor 3 corresponds to the position of the radiation line C2 in the operating state of the moving blade when the moving blade is installed, so that the sensor can capture the top of the low-pressure last-stage moving blade at any time, and the measurement accuracy is ensured. In addition, when the rotating speed sensor 3 is installed, the position of the sensor needs to be accurately adjusted, so that the distance between the probe end part of the rotating speed sensor 3 and the inner surface of the cylinder 1 is 0.1-0.5 mm, and a proper installation gap is ensured between the sensor 3 and the top of the low-pressure final-stage moving blade 5.
Furthermore, the same type and model of sensor may be arranged along a circumference coaxial with the turbine, providing redundancy in the event of a failure of one of the sensors and providing additional information about the blade vibration characteristics. The sensors may also be located on different circumferences coaxial with the turbine, i.e. the sensors may correspond to the radiation at multiple positions of the moving blade in multiple situations such as start-up, steady operation and shut-down of the turbine, so as to monitor the moving blade at the last stage under any operating conditions of the turbine.
The cable is sheathed with a sleeve 5 for protection, and the sleeve is fixed at a reasonable position on the cylinder wall of the steam turbine so as to prevent the cable from being damaged when the cylinder blades move relatively. And a sealing plug 6 is arranged at the position where the sleeve passes through the cylinder, so that sealing is formed between the sleeve and the cable, and air is prevented from leaking into the steam turbine to reduce the vacuum degree of the low-pressure inner cylinder.
The utility model discloses a sensor of a plurality of high precisions adds on the correspondence at last stage moving blade top to the cylinder wall. The sensors can detect various signals of the top of the moving blade when the moving blade passes through the sensor measuring area, so that the time when the top of the moving blade reaches the sensor position is measured very accurately. The sensor unit can select for use the sensor of multiple different grade type according to actual need, for example, variable reluctance sensor, electric eddy current sensor or laser sensor etc. can be selected for use to the vibration sensor, variable reluctance sensor, electric eddy current sensor or laser sensor etc. can be selected for use to speed sensor, pressure sensor selects for use variable reluctance sensor or electric eddy current sensor etc..
Based on the above description can be known, the utility model discloses utilize the signal that each sensor gathered, through the cable transmits, the cable is drawn forth signal processing unit from the steam turbine, transmits data analysis unit with wired or wireless mode again. The sensors are capable of measuring the precise time of arrival of the last stage moving blade at the sensor position and calculating the difference in arrival time with the turbine rotor during operation, relative to a reference time provided by another key phase sensor by measuring markings on the rotor, such that the time of arrival of each moving blade at the sensor corresponds one-to-one to the phase of the rotor and the vibratory displacement of the blade tips. The acquired vibration data of the blade tip is further analyzed by a data analysis unit, for example using fast fourier transform analysis, to obtain information about the blade tip displacement amplitude and frequency and the mode shape of the vibrations around the blade stage.
The utility model discloses a reliable sensor can carry out and measure for a plurality of years in succession to during the long-term operation at the steam turbine, including turbo generator set start-up, the situation such as steady operation and shut down monitors the vibration characteristic of blade (for example amplitude and frequency of every blade) with the deviation of inspection characteristic, and these deviations may indicate that one or more blade have the trouble. For example, a gradual change in the natural frequency of the blade may indicate that a crack is propagating along the blade. Utilize the utility model discloses each item data that gather can also combine the corresponding signal of other operating parameters of turboset, for example the exhaust pressure of generating power or low pressure cylinder, and the analysis is and is confirmed the relation between moving blade vibration characteristic and other operating parameters's the change for improve the supervision and the fault detection ability of system, also can provide steam turbine manufacturer, be used for verifying the mathematical model that uses in the simulation data and the improvement simulation. The utility model discloses each item data of gathering can also provide the signal corresponding with blade vibration characteristic to steam turbine control system, operating personnel or system, through looking over these blade vibration information, if judge the skew acceptable limit of vibration, can generate alarm or tripping operation signal, further ensure the safety of steam turbine operation process.
The present embodiment is only exemplary, and the present invention is applied to the embodiment of measuring the low-pressure last-stage moving blade for detection, and if necessary, the operation conditions of other moving blades at each stage can be detected in the same manner.
The turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system provided by the utility model is introduced in detail, and the principle and the implementation mode of the utility model are explained by applying a specific example, and the explanation of the above example is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the utility model; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, according to the idea of the present invention, there are changes in the specific implementation and application scope, to sum up, the content of the present specification should not be understood as the limitation of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system which characterized in that: the steam turbine rotor blade sensor comprises a sensor unit, a signal processing unit and a data analysis unit, wherein the sensor unit is arranged on the inner wall of a steam turbine cylinder and corresponds to the top position of a steam turbine rotor blade, the sensor unit and the signal processing unit are connected through a cable penetrating through the steam turbine cylinder, and the signal processing unit and the data analysis unit are connected in a wired or wireless mode.
2. The turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system according to claim 1, wherein: the sensor unit comprises at least one of a vibration sensor, a pressure sensor and a rotating speed sensor.
3. The turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: the center line of the rotation speed sensor or/and the vibration sensor corresponds to the position of the radial line in the moving state of the moving blade.
4. The turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: in the sensor unit, the number of the same sensors is at least two, and each sensor is respectively positioned on the circumference coaxial with the steam turbine.
5. The turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: and the sensors in the sensor unit are respectively positioned on different circumferences which are coaxial with the steam turbine.
6. The turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: the distance between the probe end of the rotating speed sensor and the inner surface of the inner cylinder is 0.1-0.5 mm.
7. The system for monitoring vibration of a moving blade of a steam turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the cable is sleeved with a sleeve, the sleeve is fixed on the wall of the cylinder of the steam turbine, and a sealing plug is arranged at the position where the sleeve penetrates through the cylinder.
8. The system for monitoring vibration of a moving blade of a steam turbine according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: the key phase sensor is arranged on the steam turbine rotor and connected with the data analysis unit.
9. The turbine moving blade vibration monitoring system according to claim 2, wherein: the vibration sensor or the rotating speed sensor is at least one of a variable reluctance sensor, an eddy current sensor and a laser sensor, and the pressure sensor is at least one of the variable reluctance sensor and the eddy current sensor.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021061705.1U CN212254562U (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Vibration monitoring system for moving blade of steam turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202021061705.1U CN212254562U (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2020-06-10 | Vibration monitoring system for moving blade of steam turbine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113983961A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-28 | 中国长江动力集团有限公司 | Laser radiation inspection device |
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2020
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113983961A (en) * | 2021-10-14 | 2022-01-28 | 中国长江动力集团有限公司 | Laser radiation inspection device |
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