CN106643906B - Monitoring method and monitoring system for variable-pitch bearing - Google Patents
Monitoring method and monitoring system for variable-pitch bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106643906B CN106643906B CN201611260550.2A CN201611260550A CN106643906B CN 106643906 B CN106643906 B CN 106643906B CN 201611260550 A CN201611260550 A CN 201611260550A CN 106643906 B CN106643906 B CN 106643906B
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 abstract description 37
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K11/00—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00
- G01K11/32—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres
- G01K11/3206—Measuring temperature based upon physical or chemical changes not covered by groups G01K3/00, G01K5/00, G01K7/00 or G01K9/00 using changes in transmittance, scattering or luminescence in optical fibres at discrete locations in the fibre, e.g. using Bragg scattering
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
- G01L1/242—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre
- G01L1/246—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet the material being an optical fibre using integrated gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
Abstract
The invention relates to a monitoring method and a monitoring system for a variable-pitch bearing. Pitch bearing (100) comprises a bearing end face (130, 140) and bolt holes (1-54) formed in the bearing end face (130, 140), and is characterized in that the monitoring method comprises the following steps: monitoring temperature parameters and strain parameters of the bearing end surfaces (130, 140) or the bolt holes (1-54) by using a fiber bragg grating sensing measurement system (500); and correcting the strain parameters of the bearing end surfaces (130, 140) or the bolt holes (1-54) by using the temperature parameters to obtain actual strain parameters.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the monitoring technical fields of bearing, monitoring method and monitoring system more particularly to pitch variable bearings.
Background technique
The energy is social economy and the main matter basis of human lives, is the power of social development.However, as the world
The reserves of the non-renewable energy such as petroleum, coal, the natural gas of energy mainstay are reduced increasingly, and world's every country all exists
Develop wind-power electricity generation, wind-power electricity generation has formd mature scale as new energy.
Wind-driven generator is the equipment for converting wind energy into electric energy, in wind-driven generator, pitch variable bearings as blade and
The connecting component of wheel hub plays the role of highly important in the pitch process of wind-power electricity generation.Variable pitch is by adjusting blade
Angle changes air-flow to the angle of attack of blade, to change the air force of Wind turbines acquisition, makes wind-driven generator according to design
Output power output.Since leaf weight and pneumatic thrust are larger, pitch variable bearings will bear very big load, especially variable pitch
The end face of bearing and bolt hole for connection, may be excessive and cracked because of load.Moreover, pitch variable bearings work
Bad environments, environment temperature gradient is big, and pitch variable bearings are also possible to can be because the variation of temperature influences the lubrication and material of grease
Characteristic so as to cause failure.Since pitch variable bearings structural stress is complicated, operating temperature field distribution is uneven, in order to do sth. in advance early warning,
It reduces quality and safety accident, monitoring means is most important.
Summary of the invention
In the past, the technological means for monitoring bearing is insufficient, and can not Comprehensive consideration bearing mechanical characteristic.Current means are
Installation measurement is carried out in possible stress centrostigma using resistance strain gage, but because bearing region of stress concentration itself is installed
Space and tested surface are smaller, in addition strain gage testing is single-point stress measurement, if to describe uniaxial stress and face stress
Needing to install a large amount of resistance strain gage, lead and acquisition device channels, higher cost, operating difficulties, service life is short, in addition
Pitch variable bearings working environment has high-intensity magnetic field to have large effect to monitoring result.In addition, if to measure the temperature of entire bearing
Field distribution needs additional reload temperature sensor, wiring and acquisition equipment.
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of monitoring methods of pitch variable bearings and monitoring system, and it is dry to can be avoided electromagnetism
It disturbs, prolongs the service life, install and be routed simply, and can reduce the monitoring cost of pitch variable bearings.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of monitoring method of pitch variable bearings, and the pitch variable bearings include bearing face
With the bolt hole being opened on the bearing face, the monitoring method includes: to utilize optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring pair
The temperature parameter and strain parameter of the bearing face or the bolt hole are monitored；And using the temperature parameter to institute
The strain parameter for stating bearing face or the bolt hole is corrected, to obtain actual strain parameter.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a kind of monitoring system of pitch variable bearings, pitch variable bearings include bearing face and by
The bolt hole being provided on the bearing face, the monitoring system includes: optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring, to the bearing
The temperature parameter and strain parameter of end face or the bolt hole are monitored；And correction unit, utilize the temperature parameter pair
The strain parameter of the bearing face or the bolt hole is corrected, to obtain actual strain parameter.
According to the monitoring method of above-mentioned pitch variable bearings and monitoring system, using optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring instead of
Previous resistance strain gage.It is in sometimes due to pitch variable bearings in the working environment of high humidity, smog or thunder and lightning, fiber grating
Sensor is made by optical fiber, the good insulation preformance of optical fiber, corrosion-resistant, stable chemical performance, is not necessarily to power drives, and fiber grating
The optical signal transmitted in sensor is not influenced by electromagnetic interference, in the working environment of high humidity, smog, thunder and lightning or electromagnetic interference
In, it can stablize use.Therefore, it can be avoided electromagnetic interference, extend service life, installation and wiring are all very simple.In addition,
Fiber-optic grating sensor can by modes such as the covering of naked grating, microsensor weldings, form with pitch variable bearings cycle surface,
Inner ring end face and the corresponding shape of the selected positions such as outer ring periphery or bolt hole, thus installation difficulty and installation cost compared with
It is low.
According to the monitoring method of above-mentioned pitch variable bearings and monitoring system, using optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring to bearing
The strain of end face and temperature are monitored, according to the strain of bearing face and the strain of the bearing face pre-established and bolt
The corresponding relationship of the strain in hole obtains the strain of bolt hole.I.e., it is only necessary to optical fiber is installed on the bearing face of pitch variable bearings
Grating sensor is closed according to the strain of the bearing face of scheduled pitch variable bearings is corresponding with the strain of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings
System, so that it may the strain of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings is obtained, without all pacifying in the bearing face and bolt hole of pitch variable bearings
Fiber-optic grating sensor is filled, to reduce the bearing face of pitch variable bearings and the monitoring cost of bolt hole.In addition, according to pitch axis
The strain of the bolt hole of the strain and pitch variable bearings of the bearing face of the strain of the bearing face held and scheduled pitch variable bearings
Corresponding relationship, the strain of accurate bolt hole can be obtained, thus without installing sensor, bolt hole in bolt hole
In can place bolt, ensure that the service life of pitch variable bearings.It therefore, can be in the same of the service life for ensuring pitch variable bearings
When, obtain the monitoring result of the strain in accurate bolt hole.Alternatively, using optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring to bolt hole
Strain and temperature be monitored, according to answering for the strain of bolt hole and the strain of the bearing face pre-established and bolt hole
The corresponding relationship of change obtains the strain of bearing face.That is, similarly, it is only necessary to install optical fiber in the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings
Grating sensor is closed according to the strain of the bearing face of scheduled pitch variable bearings is corresponding with the strain of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings
System, so that it may the end face of pitch variable bearings and the strain of bolt hole are obtained, without the bearing face and bolt hole in pitch variable bearings
In fiber-optic grating sensor is all installed, to reduce the bearing face of pitch variable bearings and the monitoring cost of bolt hole.
According to the monitoring method of above-mentioned pitch variable bearings and monitoring system, at 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° of bearing face circumference and
Fiber-optic grating sensor is installed at 270 °, i.e., fiber-optic grating sensor is arranged using the mode of being circular layout.Pass through above-mentioned optical fiber
The arrangement of grating sensor is capable of line or face stress and the temperature field of accurate evaluation pitch variable bearings, optimizes design parameter, drops
Low probability of malfunction.
According to the monitoring method of above-mentioned pitch variable bearings and monitoring system, at 0 ° and 180 ° of the bearing face circumference
Multiple measuring points are set, the fiber-optic grating sensor is installed.Due to being carried at 0 ° and 180 ° on the bearing face of pitch variable bearings
Load it is larger, concentrate multimetering, here so as to more accurately measure stress state herein.
According to the monitoring method of above-mentioned pitch variable bearings and monitoring system, the bolt hole inner wall axially or radially
The fiber-optic grating sensor is installed.Since the inner surface cracks of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings more easily damage axially or radially
It is bad, therefore axially or radially arrange fiber-optic grating sensor, so as to more accurately measure the stress state of bolt hole.
According to the monitoring method of above-mentioned pitch variable bearings and monitoring system, fiber-optic grating sensor passes through optical fiber link and light
(FBG) demodulator connection, the both ends of optical fiber link are connect with optical modulator instrument respectively.Thus, it is possible to synchronously acquire data, can accomplish to communicate
Fault redundance design, even if somewhere failure among optical path, will not influence the communication test of entire optical path.
Detailed description of the invention
The feature, advantage and technical effect of exemplary embodiment of the present described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the main view for showing the structure of pitch variable bearings of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the composition figure for showing optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of one of monitoring method for showing pitch variable bearings of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is two flow chart for showing the monitoring method of pitch variable bearings of the present invention；
Fig. 5 exemplifies the corresponding relationship of the strain of the cycle surface of pitch variable bearings and the strain of bolt hole；
Fig. 6 is the composition figure for showing the monitoring system of pitch variable bearings of the present invention.
In the accompanying drawings, identical component uses identical appended drawing reference.The attached drawing is not drawn according to the actual ratio.
Label declaration
100 pitch variable bearings；110 bearing outer rings；120 bearing inner races；130 cycle surfaces；140 inner ring end faces；1~54 bolt
Hole；200 fiber grating strains and temperature sensor；300 optical fiber links；400 optical modulator instrument；500 optical fiber grating sensings measurement system
System；500a corrects unit；600 acquiring units；700 prewarning units；800 monitoring systems
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.Following embodiment it is detailed
Thin description and attached drawing cannot be used to limit the scope of the invention for illustratively illustrating the principle of the present invention, i.e., of the invention
It is not limited to described embodiment.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise indicated, " several " are meant that one or one
More than；The meaning of " plurality " is two or more；Term " on ", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outside", " front end ",
The orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as " rear end ", " head ", " tail portion " is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only
For the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have specific side
Position is constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore is not considered as limiting the invention.
Pitch variable bearings are as the important composition portion that the connecting component of blade and wheel hub is in the pitch-controlled system of wind-driven generator
Point, structure type is divided into inner tooth type and two kinds of external tooth type.So-called inner tooth type refers to bearing inner race band tooth and the small tooth of driving motor
Wheel engagement, connection type are then that inner ring is connect by bolt with blade, and outer ring is connect by bolt with wheel hub；External tooth type refers to
Bearing outer ring band tooth is engaged with driving motor pinion gear, and connection type is then that outer ring is connect by bolt with blade, and inner ring is logical
Bolt is crossed to connect with wheel hub.Hereinafter, the present embodiment is illustrated by taking external tooth type pitch variable bearings as an example.
Fig. 1 is the main view for showing the structure of pitch variable bearings of the present invention.As shown in Figure 1, pitch variable bearings 100 include
Bearing outer ring 110, bearing inner race 120 and be opened on cycle surface 130 and inner ring end face 140 for connect blade and
The bolt hole of wheel hub instantiates 54 bolts hole in Fig. 1, and is carried out respectively with serial number 1,2,3 ... 54 according to clockwise direction
Mark.Bearing outer ring 110 is connected by bolt with blade (not shown), and bearing inner race 120 (is not schemed by bolt with wheel hub
Show) it is connected.Bearing outer ring 110 can be rotated relative to bearing inner race 120, to change the Windward angle of blade, protect blade
It holds as optimal state windward.The inner structure form of pitch variable bearings includes double grate ball bearing etc., and pitch variable bearings can not only be held
By radial load, and also there is certain ability to bear for axial load.
As described above, pitch variable bearings play particularly significant in the pitch process of wind-power electricity generation in wind-driven generator
Effect.Variable pitch is to change air-flow to the angle of attack of blade by adjusting blade angle, to change the air of Wind turbines acquisition
Power exports wind-driven generator according to the output power of design.Since leaf weight and pneumatic thrust are larger, pitch variable bearings are wanted
Very big load, the especially end face of pitch variable bearings and the bolt hole for connection are born, may be gone out because load is excessive
Existing crackle.Moreover, the bad environments of pitch variable bearings work, environment temperature gradient is big, and pitch variable bearings are also possible to can be because of temperature
Variation influence grease lubrication and material characteristic so as to cause failure.Since pitch variable bearings structural stress is complicated, work temperature
It is uneven to spend field distribution, in order to do sth. in advance early warning, reduces quality and safety accident, monitoring means is most important.
A kind of monitoring means for this purpose, the present inventor has concentrated on studies, at the pitch variable bearings outer ring end of pitch variable bearings
Fiber-optic grating sensor is installed respectively instead of previous resistance-strain in face, inner ring end face, bearing outer ring periphery or bolt hole
Piece come monitor the pitch variable bearings cycle surfaces of pitch variable bearings, inner ring end face, bearing outer ring periphery or bolt hole such as strain,
Temperature parameter etc., according to answering for the pitch variable bearings cycle surface of pitch variable bearings, inner ring end face, bearing outer ring periphery and bolt hole
Variable element carries out early warning, prevents pitch variable bearings from damaging in the process of running.That is, monitoring object of the invention is outside pitch variable bearings
It encloses end face, inner ring end face and bearing outer ring periphery and connects the inner hole wall of the bolt hole of bolt, so that it is each to cover bearing
A region, hereinafter, for convenience of explanation, in the case where that need not distinguish, sometimes by pitch variable bearings cycle surface, inner ring end face with
And bearing outer ring periphery is referred to as the bearing face of pitch variable bearings.Due to the strain of the bearing face and bolt hole of pitch variable bearings
There is certain connection between parameter, the strain parameter of the bearing face of pitch variable bearings and the strain ginseng of bolt hole can be pre-established
Several corresponding relationships describes behind details.
As shown in Figure 1, fiber grating strain and temperature sensor are arranged on the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100
200, such as strain, temperature for the cycle surface 130 that fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200 acquire pitch variable bearings 100 are joined
The optical signal of number etc..Specifically, each setting at 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° on the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100
One measuring point installation fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200, the cycle surface 130 for acquiring pitch variable bearings 100 are answered
Become the optical signal with temperature.In Fig. 1, according to the shape of blade, 0 ° of cycle surface 130 is the posterior border position of blade, outer ring
180 ° of end face 130 are the leading edge locus of blade.Further, due to 0 ° on the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 and
The load carried at 180 ° is larger, therefore can be arranged at 0 ° and 180 ° on the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 multiple
Measuring point is concentrated to install fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200, for example, 6 measuring points are arranged at 0 ° installs fiber grating
Strain and temperature sensor 200.Fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200 pass through the covering of naked grating, microsensor welding
Etc. modes, composition shape corresponding with the selected positions such as pitch variable bearings cycle surface.
Fig. 2 is the composition figure for showing optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring 500 of the present invention.As shown in Fig. 2, optical fiber light
Grid strain and temperature sensor 200 pass through optical fiber link 300 connect with optical modulator instrument 400, the both ends of optical fiber link 300 respectively with
Optical modulator instrument 400 connects.Optical modulator instrument 400 divides the optical signal acquired by fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200
Analysis, measures the strain and temperature of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100.Fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200, optical fiber
Link 300 and optical modulator instrument 400 constitute optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring 500.
Since the test result of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor is affected by temperature, need to carry out temperature-compensating.
Strain and temperature-compensating calculation method are as described below.
Its strain is calculated by taking one of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor as an example, sensor initial center wavelength: λ 0 (nm)
When sensor free state (measure at room temperature)；
Pre-install the post-equalization wavelength on cycle surface 130: λ S0 (unit nm, 25 DEG C at measure), sensor is mounted on outer ring
The central wavelength of sensor is changed after on end face 130, sensor after installation is complete, can measure at the scene temperature T1 and
Pass through expression formula again after wavelength X 1
λ S0=λ 1- (T1-25) * CSIt obtains,
Wavelength is read when generating actual measurement after straining: λS1(nm) it (measures at room temperature)
Wavelength change: Δ λ=λs1-λs0
Fiber Bragg grating strain sensor strain sensitivity: FS(με/pm)
The temperature coefficient of fiber Bragg grating strain sensor: CS(℃/pm)
Strain (μ ε) calculation formula generated when work:
Δ ε=(Δ λ-Δ T*CS)*FS
Wherein,
Δ T can be measured by fiber grating temperature sensor, calculation expression are as follows:
Δ T=(λT1-λT0)/CT
Wavelength is read when fiber grating temperature sensor actual measurement: λT1(nm)
Fiber grating temperature sensor initial wavelength: λT0(nm is measured at room temperature)
The sensitivity coefficient of fiber grating temperature sensor: CT
Calculation method for stress:
The calculation expression of stress σ are as follows:
σ=Δ ε * E
Wherein △ ε is strain variation amount, and E is the elasticity modulus of the material of pitch variable bearings outer ring.
Similarly, the stress that other fiber Bragg grating strain sensors measure can be obtained by above method.By with
On temperature-compensating, the actual stress state of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings can be obtained.
It is centainly contacted as noted previously, as having between the bearing face of pitch variable bearings and the strain parameter of bolt hole, because
This can pre-establish the corresponding relationship of the strain parameter of the bearing face of pitch variable bearings and the strain parameter of bolt hole.Here,
The strain parameter of the cycle surface of pitch variable bearings pass corresponding with the strain parameter of bolt hole can be obtained previously according to experiment
System.Fig. 5 exemplifies the corresponding relationship of the strain of the cycle surface of pitch variable bearings and the strain of bolt hole.Wherein, X-axis indicates variable pitch
The strain of the cycle surface 130 of bearing 100, Y-axis are the strain of bolt hole, R2It is related coefficient, the phase for indicating the two closer to 1
Guan Xingyue high.Here, due to being respectively arranged one at 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° on the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100
A measuring point, the serial number 1,14,28,41 of bolt hole correspondingly.
Then, the monitoring method of pitch variable bearings of the present invention is specifically described.Fig. 3 is to show change of the present invention
The flow chart of one of the monitoring method that paddle shaft is held.In a step 101, the outer ring of pitch variable bearings 100 is obtained previously according to experiment
The corresponding relationship of the strain of the strain and bolt hole of end face 130.In a step 102, using fiber grating strain and temperature sensing
Device 200 acquires the temperature of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 and the optical signal of strain, by optical modulator instrument 400 to by optical fiber light
The optical signal that grid strain and temperature sensor 200 acquire is analyzed, and the temperature of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 is measured
And strain.In step 103, the strain of cycle surface 130 is corrected using the temperature of cycle surface 130, it is outer to obtain
Enclose the actual strain of end face 130.At step 104, according to the outer of the actual strain of cycle surface 130 and pitch variable bearings 100
The corresponding relationship of the strain of end face 130 and the strain of bolt hole is enclosed to obtain the strain of bolt hole.It in step 105, will be as above
The strain of the cycle surface 130 of obtained pitch variable bearings 100 and the strain of bolt hole are compared with preset failure strain threshold
Compared with according to comparison result sending early warning.
In above monitoring method, the cycle surface of pitch variable bearings is measured using optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring 500
130 strain and temperature, according to the strain of the cycle surface 130 measured and the strain of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100
The strain of bolt hole is obtained with the corresponding relationship of the strain of bolt hole, but monitoring method of the present invention is without being limited thereto,
Also strain and temperature that optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring 500 measures bolt hole can be used, according to answering for the bolt hole measured
Become and the corresponding relationship of the strain of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 and the strain of bolt hole obtains pitch variable bearings 100
Cycle surface 130 strain.
Specifically, being respectively arranged in the bolt hole 1,14,28,41 at 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° of pitch variable bearings 100
One measuring point installation fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200, and in the inner wall of bolt hole 1,14,28,41 along axial direction or diameter
To installation fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200.Fig. 4 be show pitch variable bearings of the present invention monitoring method two
Flow chart.In step 201, strain and the bolt hole of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 are obtained previously according to experiment
Strain corresponding relationship.In step 202, pitch variable bearings 130 are acquired using fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200
The strain of bolt hole and the optical signal of temperature, by optical modulator instrument 400 to being acquired by fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200
Optical signal is analyzed, and the strain and temperature of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings are measured.In step 203, the temperature of bolt hole is utilized
The strain of bolt hole is corrected, to obtain the actual strain of bolt hole.In step 204, it is answered according to the reality of bolt hole
Become and the corresponding relationship of the strain of the cycle surface 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 and the strain of bolt hole obtains pitch variable bearings 100
Cycle surface 130 strain.In step 205, by the strain of the bolt hole of the pitch variable bearings 100 as above obtained and outer ring end
The strain in face 130 is compared with preset failure strain threshold, issues early warning according to comparison result.
In the monitoring method for the pitch variable bearings 100 that the present embodiment is related to, 500 generation of optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring is used
Previous resistance strain gage is replaced.It is in sometimes due to pitch variable bearings in the working environment of high humidity, smog or thunder and lightning, optical fiber
Grating sensor is made by optical fiber, the good insulation preformance of optical fiber, corrosion-resistant, stable chemical performance, is not necessarily to power drives, and optical fiber
The optical signal transmitted in grating sensor is not influenced by electromagnetic interference, in the building ring of high humidity, smog, thunder and lightning or electromagnetic interference
In border, it can stablize use.Therefore, it can be avoided electromagnetic interference, extend service life, installation and wiring are all very simple.Separately
Outside, fiber-optic grating sensor can be made up of and pitch variable bearings outer ring end modes such as the covering of naked grating, microsensor weldings
Face, inner ring end face and the corresponding shape of the selected positions such as outer ring periphery or bolt hole, therefore installation difficulty and installation cost
It is lower.
In addition, needing to install sensor in bolt hole to the strain in monitoring bolt hole.In order to guarantee sensor not by
Damage, bolt can not be placed by installing in the bolt hole of sensor, but the bolt hole for not placing bolt was run in pitch variable bearings
Cheng Zhong can be easier to be damaged because load is larger, to reduce the service life of pitch variable bearings.If expecting calibrated
The strain of true bolt hole then needs to install sensor in multiple bolts hole, but in the bolt hole due to installing sensor not
Bolt can be placed, therefore fan operation security risk can be brought.If wanting to guarantee unit operational safety, you can't get relatively accurate
Bolt hole strain.In view of the foregoing, in the monitoring method for the pitch variable bearings 100 that the present embodiment is related to, optical fiber is used
Grating sensing measuring system 500 is monitored the strain of bearing outer ring end face 130 and temperature, according to answering for cycle surface 130
Become and the corresponding relationship of the strain of the strain of cycle surface 130 and bolt hole that pre-establishes obtains the strain of bolt hole.
I.e., it is only necessary to fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200 are installed on the bearing outer ring end face 130 of pitch variable bearings 100, according to
The corresponding relationship of the strain of the bolt hole of the strain and pitch variable bearings of the bearing outer ring end face 130 of scheduled pitch variable bearings, so that it may
The strain of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings 100 is obtained, without in the bearing outer ring end face 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 and bolt hole
In fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200 are all installed, to reduce bearing outer ring end face 130 and the spiral shell of pitch variable bearings 100
The monitoring cost of keyhole.In addition, according to the strain and scheduled change of the bearing outer ring end face 130 of the pitch variable bearings 100 measured
Paddle shaft holds the corresponding relationship of the strain of 100 bearing outer ring end face 130 and the strain of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings 100, can obtain
Bolt can be placed in bolt hole thus without sensor is installed in bolt hole to the strain of accurate bolt hole, protected
The service life of pitch variable bearings 100 is demonstrate,proved.Therefore, it can be obtained calibrated while ensuring the service life of pitch variable bearings 100
The monitoring result of strain in true bolt hole.
Alternatively, using optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring 500 in the monitoring method for the pitch variable bearings that the present embodiment is related to
The strain and temperature of bolt hole are monitored, according to the strain of bolt hole and the bearing outer ring end face 130 pre-established
It strains with the corresponding relationship of the strain of bolt hole and obtains the strain of bearing outer ring end face 130.That is, similarly, it is only necessary to become
Paddle shaft, which is held, installs fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200 in 100 bolt hole, according to the axis of scheduled pitch variable bearings 100
The corresponding relationship of the strain of the bolt hole of the strain and pitch variable bearings 100 of bearing outer-ring end face 130, so that it may obtain pitch variable bearings 100
Cycle surface 130 strain, without all installing light in the bearing outer ring end face 130 of pitch variable bearings 100 and bolt hole
Fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200, to reduce bearing outer ring end face 130 and the monitoring of bolt hole of pitch variable bearings 100
Cost.
In addition, in the monitoring method for the pitch variable bearings 100 that the present embodiment is related to, 130 circumference in bearing outer ring end face
Fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200 are installed at 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, i.e., light is arranged using the mode of being circular layout
Fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200.It, can be accurate by the arrangement of above-mentioned fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200
The line or face stress of assessment pitch variable bearings 100 and temperature field, optimize design parameter, reduce probability of malfunction.In addition, optical fiber
The layout points of grating strain and temperature sensor 200 are without being limited thereto, can also 0 ° of 130 circumference of bearing outer ring end face, 45 °,
Fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200 are installed, thus, it is possible to more accurately comment at 90 °, 135 °, 180 °, 225 ° and 270 °
Estimate line or face stress and the temperature field of pitch variable bearings 100.
In addition, in the monitoring method for the pitch variable bearings 100 that the present embodiment is related to, 130 circumference in bearing outer ring end face
Multiple measuring point installation fiber grating strains and temperature sensor 200 are set at 0 ° and 180 °.Due to the bearing in pitch variable bearings 100
The load carried at 0 ° and 180 ° on cycle surface 130 is larger, concentrates multimetering here, surveys so as to more accurate
Obtain stress state herein.
In addition, in the monitoring method for the pitch variable bearings 100 that the present embodiment is related to, it is axial on the inner wall edge of the bolt hole
Or radially installed fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200.Since the inner surface cracks of the bolt hole of pitch variable bearings 100 are easier
It is damaged axially or radially, therefore axially or radially arranges fiber grating strain and temperature sensor 200, so as to
Enough stress states for more accurately measuring bolt hole.
In addition, in the monitoring method for the pitch variable bearings 100 that the present embodiment is related to, fiber grating strain and temperature sensor
200 are connect by optical fiber link 300 with optical modulator instrument 400, and the both ends of optical fiber link 300 are connect with optical modulator instrument 400 respectively.By
This can synchronously acquire data, can accomplish communication failure Redundancy Design, even if somewhere failure among optical path, will not influence whole
The communication test of a optical path.
More than, technical solution of the present invention is realized by the monitoring method of pitch variable bearings, but variable pitch can also be passed through
The monitoring system of bearing realizes technical solution of the present invention.Fig. 6 is the monitoring system for showing pitch variable bearings of the present invention
Constitute figure.As shown in fig. 6, the monitoring system 800 of pitch variable bearings of the present invention includes: optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring
500, temperature parameter and strain parameter of the optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring 500 to the bearing face or the bolt hole
It is monitored；Correct unit 500a, using the temperature parameter to the strain parameter of the bearing face or the bolt hole into
Row correction, to obtain actual strain parameter；Acquiring unit 600, the acquiring unit 600 pre-establish answering for the bearing face
The corresponding relationship of the strain parameter of variable element and the bolt hole, and according to the actual strain parameter of the bearing face or institute
The strain of the strain parameter of the bearing face and the bolt hole stating the actual strain parameter of bolt hole and pre-establishing
The corresponding relationship of parameter obtains the strain parameter of the bolt hole or the strain parameter of the bearing face；Prewarning unit
700, the strain parameter is compared by the prewarning unit 700 with scheduled failure strain parameter threshold value, is tied according to comparing
Fruit issues early warning.Above-mentioned technical effect can equally be obtained using the monitoring system 800 of above-mentioned pitch variable bearings as a result,.
Although by reference to preferred embodiment, invention has been described, the case where not departing from the scope of the present invention
Under, various improvement can be carried out to it and can replace component therein with equivalent.Especially, as long as there is no structures to rush
Prominent, items technical characteristic mentioned in the various embodiments can be combined in any way.The invention is not limited to texts
Disclosed in specific embodiment, but include all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of monitoring method of pitch variable bearings (100), the pitch variable bearings (100) include bearing face (130,140) and by
The bolt hole being provided on the bearing face (130,140), which is characterized in that the monitoring method includes:
Pre-establish the corresponding relationship of the strain parameter of the bearing face (130,140) and the strain parameter of the bolt hole；
Using optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring (500) to the temperature parameter and the bearing of the bearing face (130,140)
The strain parameter of end face (130,140) is monitored；
The strain using the temperature parameter of the bearing face (130,140) to the bearing face (130,140)
Parameter is corrected, to obtain the actual strain parameter of the bearing face (130,140)；
According to the actual strain parameter of the bearing face (130,140) and the bearing face pre-established
The corresponding relationship of the strain parameter of the strain parameter of (130,140) and the bolt hole obtains the actual strain of the bolt hole
Parameter.
2. a kind of monitoring method of pitch variable bearings (100), the pitch variable bearings (100) include bearing face (130,140) and by
The bolt hole being provided on the bearing face (130,140), which is characterized in that the monitoring method includes:
Pre-establish the corresponding relationship of the strain parameter of the bearing face (130,140) and the strain parameter of the bolt hole；
The temperature parameter of the bolt hole and the strain parameter are carried out using the optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring (500)
Monitoring；
The strain parameter of the bolt hole is corrected using the temperature parameter of the bolt hole, described in obtaining
The actual strain parameter of bolt hole；
According to the strain of the actual strain parameter of the bolt hole and the bearing face (130,140) pre-established
The corresponding relationship of the strain parameter of parameter and the bolt hole is joined to obtain the actual strain of the bearing face (130,140)
Number.
3. a kind of monitoring system (800) of pitch variable bearings (100), the pitch variable bearings (100) include bearing face (130,140)
With the bolt hole being opened on the bearing face (130,140), which is characterized in that the monitoring system (800) includes:
Optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring (500), temperature parameter and strain parameter to the bearing face (130,140) carry out
Monitoring；
Correct unit (500a), using the bearing face (130,140) the temperature parameter to the bearing face (130,
140) strain parameter is corrected, to obtain the actual strain parameter of the bearing face (130,140)；And
Acquiring unit (600), for pre-establishing the strain parameter of the bearing face (130,140) and answering for the bolt hole
The corresponding relationship of variable element, according to the reality for the bearing face (130,140) that correction unit (500a) obtains
The corresponding relationship of the strain parameter of the strain parameter of strain parameter and the bearing face (130,140) and the bolt hole comes
Obtain the actual strain parameter of the bolt hole.
4. monitoring system (800) according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring
(500) it is further used for, the temperature parameter and strain parameter of the bolt hole is monitored；
The correction unit (500a) is further used for, using the temperature parameter of the bolt hole to the institute of the bolt hole
It states strain parameter to be corrected, to obtain the actual strain parameter of the bolt hole；And
The acquiring unit (600) is further used for, according to the described of the bolt hole of correction unit (500a) acquisition
The strain parameter of actual strain parameter and the bearing face (130,140) is corresponding with the strain parameter of the bolt hole to close
It is the actual strain parameter to obtain the bearing face (130,140).
5. monitoring system (800) according to claim 3 or 4, which is characterized in that the optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring
(500) include the temperature parameter and the strain parameter to the bearing face (130,140) and the bolt hole light
The fiber-optic grating sensor (200) that signal is acquired, the fiber-optic grating sensor (200) are separately positioned on the bearing end
At 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° of face circumference.
6. monitoring system (800) according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the fiber-optic grating sensor (200) also sets
It sets in the bolt hole at 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° of the pitch variable bearings (100).
7. monitoring system (800) according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the fiber-optic grating sensor (200) is in institute
State be set at 0 ° and 180 ° of bearing face circumference it is multiple.
8. monitoring system (800) according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the fiber-optic grating sensor (200) is in institute
The inner wall for stating bolt hole is mounted axially or radially.
9. monitoring system (800) according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the optical fiber grating sensing system for measuring
(500) further include to the optical modulator instrument (400) analyzed by the fiber-optic grating sensor (200) collected optical signal,
The fiber-optic grating sensor (200) is connect by optical fiber link (300) with the optical modulator instrument (400), the optical fiber link
(300) both ends are connect with the optical modulator instrument (400) respectively.
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| CN108896314B (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-12-31 | 河南科技大学 | Detection device for angular contact ball bearing operating state |
| CN109612608B (en) * | 2018-11-29 | 2020-11-17 | 浙江大学 | Installation method of strain bridge for rotating shaft and underwater impeller excitation force measuring platform |
| CN112393902A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2021-02-23 | 北京京冶后维风电科技发展有限公司 | Blade bearing detection method of wind generating set |
| CN112525236A (en) * | 2019-09-03 | 2021-03-19 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Optical fiber sensor bearing assembly, bearing state monitoring system and measuring method |
| CN110806316B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2021-07-13 | 中国人民解放军海军工程大学 | Fiber bragg grating sensing device for detecting stress state of water-lubricated bearing and monitoring system thereof |
| CN110762124B (en) * | 2019-10-30 | 2021-04-09 | 许昌许继风电科技有限公司 | Wind wheel of wind driven generator and variable-pitch bearing thereof |
| CN110848245A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-02-28 | 山东大学 | Flexible hinge tilting pad bearing and bearing swing angle and fatigue life detection method |
| CN111306011B (en) * | 2020-04-17 | 2020-09-29 | 北京天泽智云科技有限公司 | Method and system for monitoring state of bolt connecting piece of fan blade and variable-pitch bearing |
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| US8792753B2 (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2014-07-29 | General Electric Company | Method and system for a fiber optic sensor |
| CN103411550B (en) * | 2013-06-28 | 2016-07-06 | 武汉理工大学 | Internal combustion engine main bearing inner surface stress and temperature monitoring method based on fiber grating |
| CN105403337B (en) * | 2015-11-02 | 2018-11-06 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of fiber grating bolt stress sensor with pre-stretching device |
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