CN113122702A - Double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of variable liquid restraint layer - Google Patents
Double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of variable liquid restraint layer Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of a variable liquid restraint layer, belonging to the technical field of laser processing. The method comprises the steps of (1) building a liquid constraint laser shock processing platform; (2) preparing a liquid restraint layer material with a specific optical refractive index; (3) detecting the liquid confinement layer material; (4) and carrying out uniform laser shock treatment on the single-spot irradiation area on the material to be processed by utilizing the liquid constraint layer material. The invention accurately controls the action strength of the plasma impact effect and the cavitation effect in the pulse laser impact process under the liquid constraint condition, so that the material surface obtains a uniform residual stress distribution state, and the fatigue resistance, the stress corrosion resistance and the fretting wear resistance of the material are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of a variable liquid restraint layer, belonging to the technical field of laser processing.
Background
The laser shock peening is a novel surface strengthening technology, which adopts short pulse laser as a medium and utilizes the mechanical effect of laser induced shock waves to form larger and deeper residual compressive stress and structural change on the surface of metal, thereby obviously improving the service performances of fatigue resistance, stress corrosion resistance, fretting wear resistance and the like of metal materials. In laser shock peening production and processing, a circular spot laser is often used in order to reduce equipment cost.
In the laser impact process, the energy distribution of the laser beam generally adopts a flat top or Gaussian form, theoretically, when the laser energy distribution is flat top distribution, the irradiation area of the circular light spot obtains equal impact pressure, and when the laser energy distribution is Gaussian distribution, the irradiation center area of the circular light spot obtains maximum impact pressure. However, in practice, no matter which of the above-mentioned energy distribution modes of the laser beam is, the center of the spot is not always the maximum position of the residual compressive stress, and on the contrary, the center of the spot only forms a lower residual compressive stress, i.e. a "residual stress hole" phenomenon. The occurrence of the residual stress hole affects the strengthening effect of the laser shock treatment, causes uneven distribution of the residual stress field, affects the fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance of the material, and is not beneficial to the full utilization of laser energy.
Chinese patent document CN107858501B discloses a laser shock process for workpiece surface to remove residual stress hole, which optimizes the microtextured laser parameters, and utilizes the array pores formed by the laser microtexture to release the residual stress, meanwhile, the pores formed by the microtexture play a blocking role in the sparse wave propagation process, so that the surface convergent wave cannot reach the center of the light spot, and the residual stress hole cannot be formed, and the PDVF piezoelectric sensor is used to monitor the workpiece surface to ensure that the surface sparse wave cannot converge to the center of the light spot. According to the process, after the phenomenon that the laser shock wave induces uneven distribution of residual stress occurs, an additional process is added to prepare a surface microtexture to inhibit residual stress holes, so that uniform strengthening treatment of the material is realized, the additional process is added to increase the operation strength, and the working efficiency is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on the physical properties of a liquid-changed constraint layer, which accurately controls the action strength of a plasma impact effect and a cavitation effect in the pulse laser impact process under the liquid constraint condition, so that the surface of a material obtains a uniform residual stress distribution state, and the fatigue resistance, the stress corrosion resistance and the fretting wear resistance of the material are improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of a variable liquid restraint layer comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a liquid constraint laser shock processing platform:
the liquid-constrained laser impact processing platform comprises a laser, wherein an object carrying device is arranged on one side, away from the laser, of a laser beam focusing position, a sample material is arranged on the object carrying device, and a coating device is arranged on the surface of the sample material;
(2) preparing a liquid confinement layer material with a specific optical refractive index:
the method comprises the steps of selecting a liquid restraint layer reference material with viscosity smaller than that of a high-viscosity liquid material, and uniformly dispersing metal oxide nanoparticles in the liquid restraint layer reference material to obtain a liquid restraint layer material, wherein the nanoparticles are mixed and dissolved to create a laser-induced cavitation effect which is easier to realize, so that the aim of reducing the tensile strength of the liquid is fulfilled.
Then putting the liquid constraint layer material into a coating device, starting a laser, observing the distance between the laser beam focusing position and the surface of the sample, ensuring that the distance between the laser beam focusing position and the surface of the sample is 3-5mm, and ensuring that the determined liquid constraint layer material can enable the surface of the sample to be processed to bear the cavitation effect with smaller action intensity;
(3) detecting the liquid confinement layer material:
starting a laser to carry out laser shock treatment, and judging the inhibition effect of the cavitation effect of liquid constraint laser shock on a residual stress hole according to the residual stress distribution state of a single-spot irradiation area, wherein the judgment method comprises the following steps:
a. the residual stress hole does not appear, the surface of the sample obtains uniformly distributed residual stress, and the step (4) is carried out;
b. adding a high-viscosity liquid material into the liquid constraint layer material when the residual stress hole appears, increasing the optical refractive index of the liquid constraint layer along with the increase of the specific gravity of the high-viscosity liquid material in the liquid constraint layer material, realizing the continuous approach of the focusing position of the laser beam to the surface of the sample until the residual stress hole on the surface of the sample disappears, and determining the addition specific gravity of the high-viscosity liquid material after the step is finished; the high viscosity liquid material is added in an amount such that residual stress holes disappear.
(4) And (4) determining that the liquid confinement layer material is subjected to uniform laser shock treatment of a single-spot irradiation area on the material to be processed by utilizing the step (3).
Preferably, in step (1), the surface of the sample material is 5-10mm away from the focal position of the laser beam.
According to the invention, in the step (1), the coating device is a hollow transparent glass container, the coating device is arranged on the upper side of the sample material, the coating device is sealed with the contact edge of the sample material by glue, and the liquid restraint layer material is arranged in the coating device. The thickness of the coating device is not required, the change of the thickness of the constraint layer causes the change of the subsequent laser focusing position, and further causes the change of the action intensity ratio of the cavitation effect and the plasma impact effect, so that the occurrence degree of the residual stress hole phenomenon is changed.
According to the invention, the observation mode of the distance between the laser beam focusing position and the sample surface in the step (2) is preferably obtained by direct observation or calculation through high-speed image pickup:
the high-speed camera shooting direct observation method comprises the following steps: removing a sample material to be processed, keeping the relative distance between a coating device and a laser unchanged, observing the formation position of a cavitation bubble in a liquid constraint layer material in a glass container, wherein the formation position of the cavitation bubble is characterized as a laser beam focusing position, and observing the distance between the formation position of the cavitation bubble and the surface of the sample through high-speed camera shooting;
the calculation method comprises the following steps: and (3) observing the diameter and the incident angle of the laser beam when the laser beam is incident to the interface of the liquid constraint layer material in advance, and calculating the distance between the forming position of the cavitation bubbles and the surface of the sample. The calculation formula is a refraction formula of light.
According to the present invention, preferably, in step (2), the liquid confinement layer reference material is deionized water and glycerol, when the liquid confinement layer reference material is deionized water, the metal oxide nanoparticles are hydrophilic metal oxide nanoparticles, and when the liquid confinement layer reference material is glycerol, the metal oxide nanoparticles are lipophilic metal oxide nanoparticles.
According to the invention, the ratio of the volume of the metal oxide nanoparticles in the liquid restraint layer reference material in the step (2) is preferably less than or equal to 10-4。
Preferably, in step (2), the liquid confinement layer is water, methanol, diethyl ether, benzene or carbon tetrachloride.
Preferably, according to the present invention, the high viscosity liquid material in step (2) (3) is glycerin, turpentine oil or olive oil.
The working principle is as follows: the phenomenon of uneven residual stress distribution of a single facula area caused by laser plasma shock waves is weakened or eliminated through the laser-induced cavitation effect in the laser shock process under the liquid constraint condition, when the action intensity of the cavitation effect can just eliminate or offset the residual stress hole caused by the plasma shock waves, the surface of the material can obtain an even residual stress distribution state, when the defect of the residual stress hole is overcome, the action intensity of the plasma shock effect and the cavitation effect in the pulse laser shock process under the liquid constraint condition is accurately controlled, the surface of the material can obtain an even residual stress distribution state, and the fatigue resistance, the stress corrosion resistance and the fretting wear resistance of the material are improved.
The occurrence positions of the plasma impact effect and the cavitation effect have different sensitivities to the focusing of the laser beam. The plasma impact effect has obvious effect in a large position range of a laser beam focusing area, the cavitation effect only occurs in the laser beam focusing area, and quantitative control of the action intensity of the cavitation effect can be realized under the condition that the plasma impact effect is not obviously changed by changing the focusing position of the laser beam, so that distribution adjustment of pulse laser impact dual physical effects is achieved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention accurately controls the action strength of the plasma impact effect and the cavitation effect in the pulse laser impact process under the liquid constraint condition, so that the material surface obtains a uniform residual stress distribution state, and the fatigue resistance, the stress corrosion resistance and the fretting wear resistance of the material are improved.
2. The invention creates laser-induced cavitation effect which is easier to realize by mixing and dissolving nano particles, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the tensile strength of the liquid.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the light refraction process in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of a liquid-changed constraint layer, which impacts a to-be-processed sample with the thickness of 2.5mm, and comprises the following steps:
(1) build liquid restraint laser shock processing platform, carry thing device mounted position apart from laser beam focus position 8mm, treat that the processing sample arranges in and carries the thing device after, sample surface is apart from laser beam focus position 5.5mm, the sample surface sets up the coating device, the coating device is 12mm thickness cavity clear glass container, the clear glass container sets up in treating the processing sample upside, the clear glass container is sealed with the contact edge glue of sample material, set up liquid restraint layer material in the clear glass container.
(2) By silane coupling agent KH-570 to Fe3O4Modifying the nano particles to obtain hydrophilic Fe3O4A nanoparticle;
(3) adding hydrophilic Fe to water3O4Mixing the nanometer particles to obtain water constraint layer material, and coating the water constraint layer material with the water constraint layer materialThe material is placed in a coating device, a laser is started, the distance between the formation position of the cavitation bubbles and the surface of the sample is directly observed through high-speed camera shooting, and the water restraint layer material is obtained, so that the distance between the formation position of the cavitation bubbles and the surface of the sample is 4 mm.
(4) And (3) placing the water constraint layer material in a coating device for laser shock treatment, detecting the formation degree of a residual stress hole in a single-light-spot irradiation area on the surface of the sample, and detecting that the residual stress hole does not appear.
(5) And (3) carrying out uniform laser shock treatment on the single-spot irradiation area on the material to be processed by using the aqueous liquid constraint layer material.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of a liquid-changed constraint layer, which impacts a to-be-processed sample with the thickness of 2.5mm, and comprises the following steps:
(1) build liquid restraint laser shock processing platform, carry thing device mounted position apart from laser beam focus position 8.5mm, treat to process the sample and arrange in and carry the thing device after, sample surface apart from laser beam focus position 6mm, the sample surface sets up the coating device, and the coating device is 12mm thickness cavity transparent glass container, and transparent glass container is sealed with the contact edge glue of sample material, sets up liquid restraint layer material in the transparent glass container.
(2) By silane coupling agent KH-570 to Al2O3Modifying the nano particles to obtain hydrophilic Al2O3Nanoparticles of Al2O3The modification method of the nano-particles refers to the modification of Al by the modification method of (Lurong, Jingqiang, Wangjirong. KH-570)2O3Modification study of powder [ J]Salt city academy of industry (Nature science edition), 2005(04):34-36]The production process described in (1).
(3) Adding hydrophilic Fe to diethyl ether3O4Mixing the nano-particles uniformly to prepare an ether constraint layer material, placing the ether constraint layer material in a coating device, starting a laser, and calculating the distance between the formation position of cavitation bubbles and the surface of a sample by observing the diameter and the incident angle of a laser beam when the laser beam is incident on the interface of the liquid constraint layer material in advanceThe calculation formula is a light refraction formula, and the light refraction process is shown in figure 1; the results show that the ether-constrained layer material was chosen such that the cavitation bubble formation site was 4.3mm from the sample surface.
(4) And (3) placing the ethyl ether constraint layer material in a coating device for laser shock treatment, and detecting the formation degree of a residual stress hole in a single-light-spot irradiation area on the surface of the sample to find that the residual stress hole appears.
(5) And adding glycerol into the ether liquid constraint layer, and detecting the residual stress distribution state of the single-spot irradiation area to obtain that no residual stress hole is formed on the surface of the sample when the specific gravity of the glycerol in the ether is 30%.
(6) And (3) carrying out uniform laser shock treatment on the material to be processed in a single-spot irradiation area by using an ether liquid constraint layer material with the glycerol specific gravity of 30%.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of a liquid-changed constraint layer, which impacts a to-be-processed sample with the thickness of 3mm, and comprises the following steps:
(1) build liquid restraint laser shock processing platform, it puts 8.5mm apart from laser beam focus position to carry thing device mounted position, treat that the processing sample arranges the thing device in after, sample surface is 5.5mm apart from laser beam focus position, the sample surface sets up the coating device, the coating device is 10mm thickness cavity transparent glass container, transparent glass container sets up in treating the processing sample upside, transparent glass container is sealed with the contact edge glue of sample material, set up liquid restraint layer material in the transparent glass container.
(2) By silane coupling agent KH-570 to Al2O3Modifying the nano particles to obtain hydrophilic Al2O3Nanoparticles and lipophilic Al2O3And (3) nanoparticles.
(3) Adding lipophilic Fe into oleum Olivarum3O4Mixing the nanoparticles uniformly to obtain an olive oil constraint layer material, placing the olive oil constraint layer material in a coating device, and directly observing the distance between the formation position of the cavitation bubbles and the surface of the sample by high-speed camera shooting to obtain the olive oil constraint layer materialThe olive oil constraining layer material was chosen such that the cavitation bubble formation site was 3.6mm from the sample surface.
(4) Placing the olive oil constraint layer material in a coating device for laser shock treatment, detecting the formation degree of a residual stress hole in a single-light-spot irradiation area on the surface of a sample, and finding the occurrence of the residual stress hole.
(5) Changing the liquid restraint layer material into carbon tetrachloride, and adding hydrophilic Fe into the carbon tetrachloride3O4And (3) uniformly mixing the nano particles to prepare a carbon tetrachloride constraint layer material, placing the carbon tetrachloride constraint layer material in a coating device, and directly observing the distance between the formation position of the cavitation bubbles and the surface of the sample through high-speed camera shooting to obtain the selected carbon tetrachloride constraint layer material so that the distance between the formation position of the cavitation bubbles and the surface of the sample is 4 mm.
(6) And (3) placing the carbon tetrachloride constraint layer material in a coating device for laser shock treatment, and detecting the formation degree of a residual stress hole in a single-light-spot irradiation area on the surface of the sample to find that the residual stress hole does not appear.
(7) And (3) utilizing the carbon tetrachloride liquid constraint layer material to perform uniform laser shock treatment on the single-spot irradiation area on the material to be processed.
Claims (8)
1. A double-physical-effect pulse laser impact method based on physical properties of a variable liquid restraint layer is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) constructing a liquid constraint laser shock processing platform:
the liquid-constrained laser impact processing platform comprises a laser, wherein an object carrying device is arranged on one side, away from the laser, of a laser beam focusing position, a sample material is arranged on the object carrying device, and a coating device is arranged on the surface of the sample material;
(2) preparing a liquid confinement layer material with a specific optical refractive index:
selecting a liquid restraint layer reference material with viscosity smaller than that of a high-viscosity liquid material, and uniformly dispersing metal oxide nano particles in the liquid restraint layer reference material to obtain a liquid restraint layer material;
then putting the liquid constraint layer material into a coating device, starting a laser, observing the distance between the laser beam focusing position and the surface of the sample, and ensuring that the distance between the laser beam focusing position and the surface of the sample is 3-5 mm;
(3) detecting the liquid confinement layer material:
starting a laser to carry out laser shock treatment, and judging the inhibition effect of the cavitation effect of liquid constraint laser shock on a residual stress hole according to the residual stress distribution state of a single-spot irradiation area, wherein the judgment method comprises the following steps:
a. the residual stress hole does not appear, the surface of the sample obtains uniformly distributed residual stress, and the step (4) is carried out;
b. adding a high-viscosity liquid material into the liquid constraint layer material when the residual stress hole appears, increasing the optical refractive index of the liquid constraint layer along with the increase of the specific gravity of the high-viscosity liquid material in the liquid constraint layer material, realizing the continuous approach of the focusing position of the laser beam to the surface of the sample until the residual stress hole on the surface of the sample disappears, and determining the addition specific gravity of the high-viscosity liquid material after the step is finished;
(4) and (4) carrying out uniform laser shock treatment on the single-spot irradiation area on the material to be processed by using the liquid constraint layer material determined in the step (3).
2. The double physical effect pulse laser shock method based on the physical property of the variable liquid confinement layer according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the sample material in the step (1) is 5-10mm away from the focusing position of the laser beam.
3. The physical property-changing double physical effect pulse laser shock method of claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the coating device is a hollow transparent glass container, the coating device is arranged on the upper side of the sample material, the coating device is sealed with the contact edge of the sample material by glue, and the liquid confinement layer material is arranged in the coating device.
4. The double physical effect pulse laser shock method based on the physical property of the variable liquid confinement layer according to claim 1, wherein the observation mode of the distance between the laser beam focusing position and the sample surface in the step (2) is obtained by direct observation or calculation through high-speed image pickup:
the high-speed camera shooting direct observation method comprises the following steps: removing a sample material to be processed, keeping the relative distance between a coating device and a laser unchanged, observing the formation position of a cavitation bubble in a liquid constraint layer material in a glass container, wherein the formation position of the cavitation bubble is characterized as a laser beam focusing position, and observing the distance between the formation position of the cavitation bubble and the surface of the sample through high-speed camera shooting;
the calculation method comprises the following steps: and (3) observing the diameter and the incident angle of the laser beam when the laser beam is incident to the interface of the liquid constraint layer material in advance, and calculating the distance between the forming position of the cavitation bubbles and the surface of the sample.
5. The dual physical effect pulsed laser shock method based on physical properties of variable liquid confinement layer according to claim 1, wherein the liquid confinement layer reference material in step (2) is deionized water and glycerol, when the liquid confinement layer reference material is deionized water, the metal oxide nanoparticles are hydrophilic metal oxide nanoparticles, and when the liquid confinement layer reference material is glycerol, the metal oxide nanoparticles are lipophilic metal oxide nanoparticles.
6. The dual physical effect pulsed laser shock method based on physical properties of liquid confinement layer according to claim 1, wherein the ratio of the volume of metal oxide nanoparticles in the reference material of the liquid confinement layer in step (2) is less than or equal to 10-4。
7. The physical property-based dual physical effect pulsed laser shock method of the liquid-changeable confinement layer of claim 1, wherein the liquid confinement layer in step (2) is water, methanol, ether, benzene or carbon tetrachloride.
8. The double physical effect pulse laser shock method based on physical properties of a variable liquid confinement layer according to claim 1, wherein the high viscosity liquid material in the steps (2) and (3) is glycerin, turpentine oil or olive oil.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113547203A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-10-26 | 山东大学 | Material processing device and method based on linkage of water guide pipe and constraint mechanism |
| CN113752252A (en) * | 2021-08-10 | 2021-12-07 | 中国航发常州兰翔机械有限责任公司 | Linkage method and system for water constraint layer and laser impact track of impeller |
| CN116640471A (en) * | 2023-06-15 | 2023-08-25 | 中国人民解放军空军工程大学 | Laser shock reinforced constraint layer material, preparation method and use method |
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