CN113118629A - Preparation method of poor-intensity laser tailor-welded blank - Google Patents
Preparation method of poor-intensity laser tailor-welded blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN113118629A CN113118629A CN202110431247.9A CN202110431247A CN113118629A CN 113118629 A CN113118629 A CN 113118629A CN 202110431247 A CN202110431247 A CN 202110431247A CN 113118629 A CN113118629 A CN 113118629A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
- B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
- B23K26/24—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/123—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in an atmosphere of particular gases
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
- B23K2101/185—Tailored blanks
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/02—Iron or ferrous alloys
- B23K2103/04—Steel or steel alloys
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank with excellent mechanical properties and stamping forming properties by welding with single-beam laser without notching. The method comprises the following steps: a. purifying two DP steel plates with different strengths, and cooling and air-drying; b. placing the two dried DP steel plates on a welding workbench, and placing a single-beam laser welding working head above the steel plates to be welded; c. and the welding process adopts protective gas to protect the welding seam, and the poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank is obtained by welding. The invention does not need to open gaps, reduces the working procedures and improves the working efficiency; the single-beam laser welding is adopted, the equipment is simple, the cost is saved, the yield strength of the obtained welding joint is 355-380 Mpa, the tensile strength is 560-580 Mpa, and the elongation is 20.5-25%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of welding, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank.
Background
The laser tailor-welded blank is a steel plate formed by laser welding plates with different or same thicknesses and different or same materials. The purpose is to reduce the dead weight of the vehicle, reduce the production cost, reduce the oil consumption, reduce the emission and improve the safety performance. The tailor-welded blank begins to be applied in the automobile industry, mainly aims at solving the problem that the width of a steel plate is not enough, and meets the requirement of the automobile industry on the width of the steel plate through the tailor-welding technology, so that the tailor-welding of the steel plates with the same thickness is mainly carried out. Along with the development of light weight and weight reduction of the automobile industry, the tailor-welded blank develops towards a direction of a differential thick plate, namely the tailor-welding of steel plates with different thicknesses is realized, the aim of tailor-welding of automobile plates is really realized, and particularly the laser tailor-welding of high-strength steel with differential thickness has great development potential.
Patent document CN110480154A discloses a welding method of laser tailor welded blanks, which comprises the following steps: A. blanking: firstly, blanking a first steel plate blank and a second steel plate blank into a first steel plate and a second steel plate; respectively punching a process notch at two ends of one longitudinal side edge of the second steel plate; B. splicing: splicing the first steel plate and the second steel plate to obtain a spliced edge, and enclosing process notches at two ends of the first steel plate and the second steel plate to form two spliced notches; C. laser welding: firstly, enabling laser to advance 0.5mm at one end of the notch side edge of the first steel plate of the tailor-welded notch along the tailor-welded direction, starting laser arcing, then welding along the tailor-welded edges of the first steel plate and the second steel plate to form a welding seam, and finally, stopping arcing when the laser advances to the other tailor-welded notch and is 0.5mm away from the other end of the notch side edge of the first steel plate to terminate welding. The welding method mainly solves the problem of welding defects of the arc striking end and the arc closing end by processing the notch on the substrate.
Patent document CN 111958109A discloses a tandem two-beam high-speed laser welding method, system and medium for galvanized dual-phase steel plate, the welding method comprises the following steps: obtaining a biphase DP steel plate with a Zn coating and a biphase DP steel plate with a non-coating, and purifying the surfaces; overlapping two DP steel plates subjected to surface purification treatment and placing the two DP steel plates on a workbench; placing a double-beam laser welding working head above a plate to be welded; a protective gas side blowing device is arranged in front of the laser welding working head, the direction of a gas blowing port is adjusted to point to a welding pool, and an included angle of 45 degrees is formed between the gas blowing port and the laser incidence direction; and (4) adjusting laser welding process parameters according to the thickness combination of the steel plates to complete laser welding of the lap joint of the Zn-coated DP steel plate and the non-coated DP steel plate. According to the invention, only proper double-beam laser welding parameters need to be adjusted, the influence of Zn steam in the welding process is reduced by utilizing the interaction of the front beam laser and the test plate, the front beam laser and the rear beam laser are matched with each other to realize high-speed welding, the welding defect is eliminated, and the joint strength is improved. The invention uses a double-beam welding process.
Patent document CN108890134A discloses a welding seam plasticization process for a super-high-strength dual-phase steel laser tailor-welded blank, which is performed by adopting a tailor-welded blank heating temperature control device, wherein the device is composed of a heat conduction material, a high-frequency heating coil, a super-high-strength dual-phase steel tailor-welded blank, a cooling plate and a cooling liquid pipe, the redistribution of carbon atoms is realized by controlling the distribution temperature, the heat preservation time and the quenching temperature of a welding seam, the plastic deformation capability of the welding seam is improved while martensite crystal grains are refined, the average size of the welded welding seam crystal grains is 1.5-4.0 μm, the cupping value of the super-high-strength dual-phase steel tailor-welded blank is 7.3-9.9 mm, and the cupping value of.
In summary, the existing laser tailor-welded blank adopts a dual-beam laser welding process, or adopts a notch to solve the problem of welding defects, or improves the joint structure through a certain device to further improve the performance of the tailor-welded blank, and has high cost, multiple processes and low efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a preparation method of a poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank with excellent mechanical properties and stamping forming properties by welding with single-beam laser without notching.
The invention provides a preparation method of a poor-intensity laser tailor-welded blank to solve the technical problems. The method comprises the following steps:
a. purifying two DP steel plates with different strengths, and cooling and air-drying;
b. placing the two dried DP steel plates on a welding workbench, and placing a single-beam laser welding working head above the steel plates to be welded;
c. and the welding process adopts protective gas to protect the welding seam, and the poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank is obtained by welding.
Furthermore, in the step a, the content difference of C of the two DP steel plates is less than or equal to 0.03 percent, and the content difference of Mn is less than or equal to 0.4 percent.
Further, in step a, the two DP steel plates are DP590 and DP780 respectively.
The chemical components of DP590 are C less than or equal to 0.13%, Si less than or equal to 0.55%, Mn less than or equal to 1.80%, P less than or equal to 0.017%, S less than or equal to 0.012%, and Cr less than or equal to 0.42%.
The tensile strength of DP590 is 590-630 MPa, and the yield strength is 340-370 MPa.
The thickness of DP590 is 1.5-1.6 mm.
The chemical components of DP780 are less than or equal to 0.16 percent of C, less than or equal to 0.70 percent of Si, less than or equal to 2.20 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.011 percent of S and less than or equal to 0.68 percent of Cr.
The tensile strength of DP780 is 780-840 MPa, and the yield strength is 450-490 MPa.
DP780 has a thickness of 1.9 to 2.0 mm.
Furthermore, in the step a, the yield strength difference of the two DP steel plates is less than or equal to 100MPa, and the tensile strength difference is less than or equal to 180 MPa.
Furthermore, in the step a, the edge cutting burrs of the DP steel plate are less than or equal to 0.10mm, the straightness is less than or equal to 0.12mm, and the straightness is less than or equal to 0.20 mm.
Further, in the step a, the purification treatment is to clean the DP steel plate by using acetone until the surface of the steel plate is free of impurities.
Further, in the step b, placing the two DP steel plates after air drying on a welding workbench, wherein the horizontal gap of the DP steel plates is 0 mm; the gap in the vertical direction is 0.05-0.08 mm. The horizontal gap and the vertical gap of the DP steel plate are shown in fig. 5.
And further, in the step c, blowing by using a protective gas blowing device, wherein the distance between a blowing port and the welding line is 15-28 mm.
In the step c, the air blowing opening of the blowing measuring device and the DP steel plate to be welded form a 20-60 degree angle.
Further, in the step c, the protective gas is argon, the purity of the argon is 99.9%, and the gas flow is 800-950L/H.
Further, in the step c, the defocusing amount is 0.3-0.8 mm in the welding process; the laser power is 3.6-4.1 kW; the welding speed is 5.5-8.5 m/min; the laser offset is 0.5-1.0 mm.
Further, during welding, the laser deviation is that the laser moves toward the DP steel plate with a large intensity.
The invention has the advantages that;
according to the method, by controlling the strength difference among the DP steel plates, the trimming burrs, the straightness and the laser welding technological parameters of the steel plates to be welded, the prepared poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank does not need to be notched, the working procedures are reduced, and the working efficiency is improved; the single-beam laser welding is adopted, a high-quality welding joint can be obtained without an external device, the equipment is simple, the cost is saved, and the obtained welding joint has excellent mechanical properties and excellent stamping forming properties. The yield strength of the welded joint of the laser tailor-welded blank prepared by the method is 355-380 Mpa, the tensile strength is 560-580 Mpa, the elongation is 20.5-25%, and the fracture position in the tensile test process is on the low-strength base metal side.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a weld center microstructure of example 1.
FIG. 2 is a microstructure diagram of a heat affected zone of example 1.
FIG. 3 is a weld center microstructure of example 2.
FIG. 4 is a microstructure diagram of a heat affected zone of example 2.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the horizontal and vertical clearances of two DP steel plates when they are placed on a welding bench.
Detailed Description
Specifically, the invention provides a preparation method of a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. purifying two DP steel plates with different strengths, and cooling and air-drying;
b. placing the two dried DP steel plates on a welding workbench, and placing a single-beam laser welding working head above the steel plates to be welded;
c. and the welding process adopts protective gas to protect the welding seam, and the poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank is obtained by welding.
In the step a, the DP steel plates are continuous annealing dual-phase steel, the content difference of C of the two DP steel plates is less than or equal to 0.03%, and the content difference of Mn of the two DP steel plates is less than or equal to 0.4%, so that smooth transition of components between the two DP steel plates is ensured. The inventor finds that the C content and the Mn content have large influence on the welding performance of the material in the research process, and when the C content and the Mn content of two steel plates have large difference, the segregation behavior of the two chemical components in a welding line can be caused, and the performance of the laser tailor-welded blank is reduced. The yield strength difference of the two DP steel plates is less than or equal to 100MPa, and the tensile strength difference is less than or equal to 180 MPa; the trimming burrs of the DP steel plate are less than or equal to 0.10mm, the straightness is less than or equal to 0.12mm, and the straightness is less than or equal to 0.20 mm. The welding line can ensure that the welding seam center and the heat affected zone at each position on the welding line are at the similar welding heat circulation temperature, and welding defects and welding temperature field abnormity caused by trimming quality can be avoided. In the step a, the DP steel plate is cleaned by acetone in the purification treatment until no impurities exist on the surface of the steel plate. Further, cleaning oil stains and other impurities which affect the welding effect and are located in the range of 3-5 mm of the position to be welded.
In the step b, the two DP steel plates after air drying are placed on a welding workbench, and the horizontal gap of the DP steel plates is 0 mm; the gap in the vertical direction is 0.05-0.08 mm, so that the vertical fall of two plates on the front surface of the laser tailor-welded blank is reduced, a step with smaller size is formed, the fluidity of the tailor-welded blank in the forming process is improved under the condition that the use performance is not influenced, and the cracking risk is reduced. In the step b, single-beam laser welding is adopted, so that the equipment is simple and the cost is saved.
In the step c, the argon with the purity of 99.9% is adopted to protect the welding line, so that the welding line is ensured to be free of pollution. In the welding process, the defocusing amount is 0.3-0.8 mm; the laser power is 3.6-4.1 kW; the welding speed is 5.5-8.5 m/min; the laser offset is 0.5-1.0 mm. In order to increase the amount of molten metal in a welded joint, to ensure the strength of the weld, and to improve the protective effect on the thin side plates, the laser beam is shifted in the direction of the DP steel plate having a large strength.
The poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank prepared by the method does not need to be notched, single-beam laser welding is adopted, the yield strength of the obtained welded joint is 355-380 Mpa, the tensile strength is 560-580 Mpa, the elongation is 20.5-25%, and the phenomenon of cracking in the stamping forming process can be avoided.
The present invention will be further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The chemical components of the DP590 steel plate of the embodiment are as follows: 0.098% of C, 0.49% of Si, 1.72% of Mn, 0.014% of P, 0.009% of S, 0.40% of Cr, 1.6mm in thickness, 360MPa of yield strength and 620MPa of tensile strength. The chemical components of the DP780 steel plate are as follows: 0.11 percent of C, 0.62 percent of Si, 1.89 percent of Mn, 0.016 percent of P, 0.008 percent of S, 0.64 percent of Cr, 2.0mm in thickness, 460MPa in yield strength and 790MPa in tensile strength. The difference of the C content of the parent metal is 0.012 percent, the difference of the Mn content is 0.17 percent, the edge cutting burrs of the two DP steel plates are 0.08mm, the straightness is 0.10mm, and the straightness is 0.15 mm.
Cleaning two DP steel plates by using acetone until the surfaces of the steel plates are free of impurities, cooling and air-drying, placing the two DP steel plates after air-drying on a welding workbench, wherein the gap in the vertical direction of the back surfaces of the two DP steel plates is 0.05mm, placing a single-beam laser welding working head above the steel plates to be welded, protecting a welding seam by using argon gas in the welding process, wherein the flow of protective gas is 850L/H, the laser power is 3.78kW, the welding speed is 6.0m/min, the defocusing amount is 0.5mm, the laser offset is 0.7mm, the laser moves towards the DP780 steel plate side, the central microstructure of the welding seam is shown in figure 1, the microstructure of a heat affected zone is shown in figure 2, the yield strength of a welding joint is 357MPa, the tensile strength is 569.
Example 2
The chemical components of the DP590 steel plate of the embodiment are as follows: 0.12 percent of C, 0.44 percent of Si, 1.68 percent of Mn, 0.011 percent of P, 0.008 percent of S, 0.35 percent of Cr, 1.6mm in thickness, 365MPa in yield strength and 624MPa in tensile strength. The chemical components of the DP780 steel plate are as follows: 0.14 percent of C, 0.65 percent of Si, 1.97 percent of Mn, 0.013 percent of P, 0.010 percent of S, 0.61 percent of Cr, 2.0mm in thickness, 455MPa in yield strength and 795MPa in tensile strength. The difference of the C content of the parent metal is 0.02 percent, the difference of the Mn content is 0.29 percent, the edge cutting burrs of the two DP steel plates are 0.09mm, the straightness is 0.12mm, and the straightness is 0.18 mm.
Cleaning two DP steel plates by using acetone until the surfaces of the steel plates are free of impurities, cooling and air-drying, placing the two DP steel plates after air-drying on a welding workbench, wherein the gap in the vertical direction of the back surfaces of the two DP steel plates is 0.08mm, placing a single-beam laser welding working head above the steel plates to be welded, adopting argon to protect a welding seam in the welding process, wherein the flow of protective gas is 950L/H, the laser power is 4.0kW, the welding speed is 8.0m/min, the defocusing amount is 0.7mm, the laser offset is 0.8mm, moving the laser to the DP780 steel plate side, the central microstructure of the welding seam is shown in figure 3, the microstructure of a heat affected zone is shown in figure 4, the yield strength of a welding joint is 359MPa, the tensile strength is 571 MPa.
Comparative example 1
The chemical components of the DP590 steel plate of the embodiment are as follows: 0.085 percent of C, 0.45 percent of Si, 1.62 percent of Mn1, 0.012 percent of P, 0.009 percent of S, 0.37 percent of Cr, 1.5mm in thickness, 590MPa in tensile strength and 360MPa in yield strength. The chemical components of the DP780 steel plate are as follows: 0.12 percent of C, 0.58 percent of Si, 2.05 percent of Mn, 0.014 percent of P, 0.007 percent of S, 0.54 percent of Cr, 2.0mm in thickness, 810MPa in tensile strength and 450MPa in yield strength. The trimming burrs of the two DP steel plates are 0.11mm, the straightness is 0.13mm, and the straightness is 0.23 mm.
Cleaning two DP steel plates by using acetone until the surfaces of the steel plates are free of impurities, cooling and air-drying, placing the two DP steel plates after air-drying on a welding workbench, wherein the gap in the vertical direction of the back surfaces of the two DP steel plates is 0.1mm, placing a single-beam laser welding working head above the steel plates to be welded, adopting argon to protect a welding seam in the welding process, wherein the flow of protective gas is 850L/H, the defocusing amount is 1.0mm, the laser power is 4.3kW, the welding speed is 9.0m/min, the laser offset is 0.3mm, moving the laser to the DP780 steel plate side, preparing and obtaining the yield strength of 390MPa, the tensile strength of 620MPa and the elongation A80 of 14%, and performing.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the poor-intensity laser tailor-welded blank is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
a. purifying two DP steel plates with different strengths, and cooling and air-drying;
b. placing the two dried DP steel plates on a welding workbench, and placing a single-beam laser welding working head above the steel plates to be welded;
c. and the welding process adopts protective gas to protect the welding seam, and the poor-strength laser tailor-welded blank is obtained by welding.
2. The method of manufacturing a differential intensity laser tailor welded blank according to claim 1, wherein: in the step a, the content difference of C and Mn of the two DP steel plates is less than or equal to 0.03 percent and less than or equal to 0.4 percent.
3. The method for producing a differential-intensity laser tailor welded blank according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: in the step a, the yield strength difference of the two DP steel plates is less than or equal to 100MPa, and the tensile strength difference is less than or equal to 180 MPa.
4. The method for producing a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: in the step a, the edge cutting burr of the DP steel plate is less than or equal to 0.10mm, the straightness is less than or equal to 0.12mm, and the straightness is less than or equal to 0.20 mm.
5. The method for producing a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: in the step a, the DP steel plate is cleaned by acetone until no impurities exist on the surface of the steel plate.
6. The method for producing a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: in the step b, placing the two DP steel plates after air drying on a welding workbench, wherein the horizontal gap between the DP steel plates is 0 mm; the gap in the vertical direction is 0.05-0.08 mm.
7. The method for producing a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: and c, blowing by using a protective gas blowing device, wherein the distance between a blowing port and the welding line is 15-28 mm.
8. The method for producing a poor-intensity laser tailor-welded blank according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: in the step c, the air blowing opening of the blowing measuring device and the DP steel plate to be welded form a 20-60 degree angle.
9. The method for producing a differential-intensity laser tailor-welded blank according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein: in the step c, the protective gas is argon, and the gas flow is 800-950L/H.
10. The method for producing a poor-intensity laser tailor-welded blank according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: in the step c, in the welding process, the defocusing amount is 0.3-0.8 mm; the laser power is 3.6-4.1 kW; the welding speed is 5.5-8.5 m/min; the laser offset is 0.5-1.0 mm.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113500292A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-15 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | Production method of vanadium-containing dual-phase steel laser tailor-welded blank |
| CN114083119A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2022-02-25 | 河钢股份有限公司 | Laser tailor-welding method for heterogeneous difference-thickness plate |
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Application publication date: 20210716 |