CN113114139A - Sensor exciting circuit based on D-type power amplifier - Google Patents
Sensor exciting circuit based on D-type power amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN113114139A CN113114139A CN202110302368.3A CN202110302368A CN113114139A CN 113114139 A CN113114139 A CN 113114139A CN 202110302368 A CN202110302368 A CN 202110302368A CN 113114139 A CN113114139 A CN 113114139A
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- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03F—AMPLIFIERS
- H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
- H03F3/20—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers
- H03F3/21—Power amplifiers, e.g. Class B amplifiers, Class C amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
- H03F3/217—Class D power amplifiers; Switching amplifiers
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sensor exciting circuit based on a D-type power amplifier, which is applied to an inductive displacement sensor exciting circuit, so that the circuit loss is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is improved. The problem of voltage fluctuation of the D power amplifier with a load is solved through the design of a amplitude stabilizing circuit with closed-loop control. And the self-excitation generated by the circuit after the closed-loop control is introduced into the amplitude stabilizing circuit is eliminated through a phase advance correction link. For an inductive sensor system with high power requirement or sensitive power consumption, the inductive sensor exciting circuit based on the D-type power amplifier can greatly reduce the measurement loss of the inductive sensor and improve the working performance of the inductive sensor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electric displacement sensors, in particular to a sensor excitation circuit based on a D-type power amplifier.
Background
In the current driving circuit for measuring the electric displacement sensor, the main types of power amplifiers used are: A/B/AB class power amplifier; all are linear power amplifiers, the signal always works in the linear area of the triode, and the output transistor (device) acts as a linear regulator to regulate the output voltage. The output transistor has larger voltage drop, efficiency is reduced, and heating is obvious. Research shows that the efficiency of the A/B/AB class power amplifier is only 40% -60% in general, and the efficiency of the inductive sensor exciting circuit based on the D class power amplifier can reach more than 90%.
When the class D power amplifier is applied to the measurement of the electrical displacement sensor to form an inductive sensor excitation circuit based on the class D power amplifier, the following difficulties to be overcome exist:
(1) the class-D power amplifier has larger output impedance, generally 2-8 omega, which is in the same order of magnitude as the impedance value of most measuring circuits, and when the impedance value of the measuring circuit fluctuates, the amplitude of the output voltage of the exciting circuit can be caused to generate larger fluctuation, so that the final measuring precision is influenced.
(2) The output voltage amplitude fluctuation is solved through a closed-loop amplitude stabilizing circuit, but an output part of a D-type power amplifier circuit is provided with an LC filter for filtering out higher harmonics, and after the amplitude stabilizing circuit is added, the existence of a closed-loop feedback circuit easily causes the circuit to generate self excitation, so that the stability of an exciting circuit is influenced.
(3) The self-excitation frequency of the circuit is related to LC parameters, and the specific values are as follows: the smaller the LC product value, the larger the frequency, and the easier the elimination, but at the same time, the larger the LC filter cutoff frequency, and the worse the filtering effect.
(4) Distributed capacitors and inductors exist on the amplitude-stabilized circuit board, if reasonable matching cannot be achieved, phase angle displacement can be caused on the feedback circuit, the displacement is amplified step by step, the adjustment precision can be greatly influenced, and even the whole closed-loop control system is unstable.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art.
Therefore, the invention aims to provide a sensor excitation circuit based on a class D power amplifier, which has the advantages of low power consumption, low heat generation, high efficiency and stable working state.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a sensor excitation circuit based on a class D power amplifier, including: the circuit comprises a first amplitude stabilizing circuit, a second amplitude stabilizing circuit, a third amplitude stabilizing circuit, a pre-amplification circuit and an output circuit;
the first amplitude stabilizing circuit comprises a first operational amplifier and a first feedback resistor, wherein the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, and the first feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
the second amplitude stabilizing circuit comprises a second operational amplifier and a second feedback resistor, the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is grounded, and the second feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
the third amplitude stabilizing circuit comprises a third operational amplifier and a third feedback resistor, wherein the non-inverting input end of the third operational amplifier is grounded, and the third feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
a first resistor is connected between the output end of the first operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier;
a second resistor is connected between the output end of the second operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier;
a third resistor is connected between the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier and the input voltage;
the preamplifier circuit comprises a fourth operational amplifier and a fourth feedback resistor, the non-inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier is grounded, and the fourth feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
a first capacitor and a fourth resistor are connected between the output end of the third operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier, the first capacitor and the fourth resistor are connected in series, one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first capacitor;
a second capacitor and a fifth resistor are connected between the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier and the input voltage, the second capacitor and the fifth resistor are connected in series, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the second capacitor;
the output circuit comprises a fifth operational amplifier, a fifth feedback resistor and a seventh resistor, a sixth resistor is connected between the inverting input end of the fifth operational amplifier and the output end of the fourth operational amplifier, the fifth feedback resistor is connected between the non-inverting input end and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier, and the non-inverting input end of the fifth operational amplifier is grounded through the seventh resistor;
an eighth resistor is connected between the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier;
and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier outputs an output voltage.
According to the sensor exciting circuit based on the D-type power amplifier, the D-type power amplifier is applied to the inductive displacement sensor exciting circuit, so that the circuit loss is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is improved. The problem of voltage fluctuation of the D power amplifier with a load is solved through the design of a amplitude stabilizing circuit with closed-loop control. And the self-excitation generated by the circuit after the closed-loop control is introduced into the amplitude stabilizing circuit is eliminated through a phase advance correction link. Compared with the existing exciting circuit of the inductive displacement sensor, the circuit has the advantages of low power consumption, small heat emission, high efficiency, stable working state and the like. For an inductive sensor system with high power requirement or sensitive power consumption, the inductive sensor exciting circuit based on the D-type power amplifier can greatly reduce the measurement loss of the inductive sensor and improve the working performance of the inductive sensor.
In addition, the sensor excitation circuit based on the class D power amplifier according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
further, the first amplitude stabilizing circuit, the second amplitude stabilizing circuit and the third amplitude stabilizing circuit have the same structure, and the circuit parameters are the same or different.
Further, still include:
a third capacitor is connected in parallel at two ends of the eighth resistor;
and a fourth capacitor is connected in parallel at two ends of the first feedback resistor.
Further, the first feedback resistor, the second feedback resistor, the third feedback resistor, the fourth feedback resistor, the fifth feedback resistor, the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor, and the eighth resistor are RN-type precision resistors.
Further, the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor are precision metal film resistors.
Further, the first capacitor and the second capacitor are nonpolar tantalum capacitors.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a class D power amplifier based sensor excitation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a class D power amplifier based sensor excitation circuit according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an amplitude stabilizing circuit with phase lead correction according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a system open loop transfer function Bode before phase lead correction, according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a post-phase-lead-correction system open-loop transfer function Bode, according to one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
The following describes a class D power amplifier-based sensor excitation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a structural diagram of a class D power amplifier-based sensor excitation circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the sensor excitation circuit based on class D power amplifier includes: the amplifier comprises a first amplitude stabilizing circuit 1, a second amplitude stabilizing circuit 2, a third amplitude stabilizing circuit 3, a preamplifier circuit 4 and an output circuit 5.
The first amplitude stabilizing circuit 1 comprises a first operational amplifier and a first feedback resistor, wherein the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, and the first feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
the second amplitude stabilizing circuit 2 comprises a second operational amplifier and a second feedback resistor, the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is grounded, and the second feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
the third amplitude stabilizing circuit 3 comprises a third operational amplifier and a third feedback resistor, wherein the non-inverting input end of the third operational amplifier is grounded, and the third feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
a first resistor R is connected between the output end of the first operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier01；
A second resistor R is connected between the output end of the second operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier02；
Inverting input terminal of second operational amplifier and input voltage ViIs connected with a third resistor R03；
The preamplification circuit 4 comprises a fourth operational amplifier and a fourth feedback resistor, the non-inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier is grounded, and the fourth feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
a first capacitor C is connected between the output end of the third operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier01And a fourth resistor R04First capacitor C01And a fourth resistor R04Series connection, a fourth resistor R04One end of the first capacitor is connected with the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier, and the other end of the first capacitor is connected with the first capacitor01；
A second capacitor C is connected between the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier and the input voltage02And a fifth resistor R05A second capacitor C02And a fifth resistor R05Series, fifth resistor R05One end of the first operational amplifier is connected with the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier,the other end is connected with a second capacitor C02；
The output circuit comprises a fifth operational amplifier, a fifth feedback resistor and a seventh resistor R07A sixth resistor R is connected between the inverting input terminal of the fifth operational amplifier and the output terminal of the fourth operational amplifier06A fifth feedback resistor is connected between the non-inverting input terminal and the output terminal of the fifth operational amplifier, and the non-inverting input terminal of the fifth operational amplifier passes through a seventh resistor R07Grounding;
an eighth resistor R is connected between the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier08；
The output end of the fifth operational amplifier outputs an output voltage V0。
Further, the first amplitude stabilizing circuit, the second amplitude stabilizing circuit and the third amplitude stabilizing circuit have the same structure, and the circuit parameters are the same or different.
Further, the first feedback resistor, the second feedback resistor, the third feedback resistor, the fourth feedback resistor, the fifth feedback resistor, the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the eighth resistor are RN-type precision resistors. The fourth resistor, the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor and the seventh resistor are precision metal film resistors. The first capacitor and the second capacitor are nonpolar tantalum capacitors.
It can be understood that the class-D power amplifier is applied to the exciting circuit of the inductive displacement sensor, so that the circuit loss is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is improved. The problem of voltage fluctuation of the D power amplifier with a load is solved through the design of a amplitude stabilizing circuit with closed-loop control.
Specifically, the class-D power amplifier has a large output impedance, generally 2-8 Ω, which is the same order of magnitude as the impedance values of most measurement circuits, and when the impedance values of the measurement circuits fluctuate, the amplitude of the output voltage of the excitation circuit fluctuates greatly, which affects the final measurement accuracy. The circuit of the embodiment of the invention is provided with a fixed-amplitude circuit. As shown in FIG. 1, FA is pre-amplifier, PA is power amplifier board TPA3116, FA and PA form the main loop of power amplifier, VoThe output of the power amplifier board is 1A, 2A and 3A which are amplitude stabilizing circuits. The working principle of the amplitude stabilizing circuit is as follows: output voltage VoTransformed into V by 1A attenuation1AInput signal ViAfter 2A phase inversion is V2A，V1AAnd V2AAt the input of the error amplifying circuit 3A, the two are in opposite phase, and when the output V is comparedoAt higher altitude, V1A>V2A，3AOutput V of3AAnd an input signal ViInverting, cancelling a part of ViLet V beoKeeping the same; when V isoAt a lower time, V1A<V2A，V3AAnd an input signal ViIn phase, increasing a portion ViWhile still making VoIs kept constant to make VoClosely following Vi. TL064 operational amplifier circuit is selected as 1A, 2A and 3A, and V can be seen1AAnd V2AThe circuit has important effect on the tracking capability of input signals and the stability of the circuit, so that RN type precise resistors are selected as the feedback resistors and the resistors used by 1A and 2A, a non-polar tantalum capacitor is selected as a coupling capacitor, and precise metal film resistors are selected as other resistors.
Further, in the embodiment of the present invention, the method further includes:
a third capacitor C is connected in parallel at two ends of the eighth resistor03；
A fourth capacitor C is connected in parallel at two ends of the first feedback resistor04。
It can be understood that the self-excitation generated by the circuit after the amplitude stabilizing circuit is introduced into the closed-loop control is eliminated through the correction link of the phase advance.
Specifically, circuit self-excitation is eliminated by a phase lead correction design. As shown in fig. 2, the resistor R is provided08And R2Two ends are respectively connected with two capacitors C03And C04And then, the circuit transfer function is changed, the phase angle displacement at the penetration point of the Bode diagram of the open-loop transfer function of the closed-loop control system realizes the advanced correction of nearly 90 degrees, a large enough phase angle margin is obtained, and the system becomes stable.
Further, the filtering effect and the self-excitation elimination are comprehensively considered, and appropriate LC filter parameter values are selected from the circuit.
Furthermore, simulation software is used for simulating each part of the amplitude-stabilized circuit (simulation results can avoid the influence of distribution parameters), then the simulation results of signals of each part are compared with actual circuit signals, and after the specific influence of the distribution parameters on the amplitude-stabilized circuit is compared, the specific influence is eliminated through circuit design.
It can be understood that the above arrangement solves the problem that the feedback signal generates phase angle displacement and the circuit cannot be accurately adjusted due to the existence of circuit distribution parameters.
In the following, a specific embodiment is described, in which the circuit operating frequency is set to 40kHz based on a TPA3116 chip as shown in fig. 3. A matched amplitude stabilizing circuit and other auxiliary external circuits are designed, so that the problem of stability of the amplitude of the output voltage is solved; selecting a filter circuit consisting of a 10uH inductor and a 900nF capacitor to filter, wherein the cut-off frequency is 53 kHz; through the phase advance correction design, the self-excitation phenomenon of the closed-loop control circuit is solved; meanwhile, through the design of a targeted circuit, the problem of phase angle displacement caused by distribution parameters is solved. Research results show that the circuit system based on the class-D power amplifier can meet the requirements of an inductive sensor exciting circuit and stably output 21V and 25W voltage signals with small waveform distortion to a measuring circuit.
The open-loop transfer function bode plots of the amplitude-stabilized circuit before and after the phase lead correction are shown in fig. 4 and fig. 5, and the comparison shows that the phase shift at the crossing point is close to-180 degrees before the phase lead correction, and the system is unstable; after correction, the phase shift at the crossing point is minus 90 degrees, the system has 90 degrees phase angle margin, and the system is stable.
According to the sensor exciting circuit based on the D-type power amplifier provided by the embodiment of the invention, the D-type power amplifier is applied to the inductive displacement sensor exciting circuit, so that the circuit loss is greatly reduced, and the efficiency is improved. The problem of voltage fluctuation of the D power amplifier with a load is solved through the design of a amplitude stabilizing circuit with closed-loop control. And the self-excitation generated by the circuit after the closed-loop control is introduced into the amplitude stabilizing circuit is eliminated through a phase advance correction link. Compared with the existing exciting circuit of the inductive displacement sensor, the circuit has the advantages of low power consumption, small heat emission, high efficiency, stable working state and the like. For an inductive sensor system with high power requirement or sensitive power consumption, the inductive sensor exciting circuit based on the D-type power amplifier can greatly reduce the measurement loss of the inductive sensor and improve the working performance of the inductive sensor.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a sensor excitation circuit based on D class power amplifier which characterized in that includes: the circuit comprises a first amplitude stabilizing circuit, a second amplitude stabilizing circuit, a third amplitude stabilizing circuit, a pre-amplification circuit and an output circuit;
the first amplitude stabilizing circuit comprises a first operational amplifier and a first feedback resistor, wherein the non-inverting input end of the first operational amplifier is grounded, and the first feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
the second amplitude stabilizing circuit comprises a second operational amplifier and a second feedback resistor, the non-inverting input end of the second operational amplifier is grounded, and the second feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
the third amplitude stabilizing circuit comprises a third operational amplifier and a third feedback resistor, wherein the non-inverting input end of the third operational amplifier is grounded, and the third feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
a first resistor is connected between the output end of the first operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier;
a second resistor is connected between the output end of the second operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the third operational amplifier;
a third resistor is connected between the inverting input end of the second operational amplifier and the input voltage;
the preamplifier circuit comprises a fourth operational amplifier and a fourth feedback resistor, the non-inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier is grounded, and the fourth feedback resistor is connected between the inverting input end and the output end;
a first capacitor and a fourth resistor are connected between the output end of the third operational amplifier and the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier, the first capacitor and the fourth resistor are connected in series, one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier, and the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the first capacitor;
a second capacitor and a fifth resistor are connected between the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier and the input voltage, the second capacitor and the fifth resistor are connected in series, one end of the fifth resistor is connected with the inverting input end of the fourth operational amplifier, and the other end of the fifth resistor is connected with the second capacitor;
the output circuit comprises a fifth operational amplifier, a fifth feedback resistor and a seventh resistor, a sixth resistor is connected between the inverting input end of the fifth operational amplifier and the output end of the fourth operational amplifier, the fifth feedback resistor is connected between the non-inverting input end and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier, and the non-inverting input end of the fifth operational amplifier is grounded through the seventh resistor;
an eighth resistor is connected between the inverting input end of the first operational amplifier and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier;
and the output end of the fifth operational amplifier outputs an output voltage.
2. The class-D power amplifier based sensor excitation circuit of claim 1,
the first amplitude stabilizing circuit, the second amplitude stabilizing circuit and the third amplitude stabilizing circuit have the same structure and the same or different circuit parameters.
3. The class-D power amplifier based sensor excitation circuit of claim 1, further comprising:
a third capacitor is connected in parallel at two ends of the eighth resistor;
and a fourth capacitor is connected in parallel at two ends of the first feedback resistor.
4. The class-D power amplifier based sensor excitation circuit of claim 1,
the first feedback resistor, the second feedback resistor, the third feedback resistor, the fourth feedback resistor, the fifth feedback resistor, the first resistor, the second resistor, the third resistor and the eighth resistor are RN-type precision resistors.
5. The class-D power amplifier based sensor excitation circuit of claim 1, wherein the fourth resistor, the fifth resistor, the sixth resistor, and the seventh resistor are precision metal film resistors.
6. The class-D power amplifier based sensor excitation circuit of claim 1, wherein said first capacitor and said second capacitor are non-polar tantalum capacitors.
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| CN202110302368.3A CN113114139B (en) | 2021-03-22 | 2021-03-22 | Sensor exciting circuit based on D-type power amplifier |
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| CN107742988A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-27 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | A kind of sine-wave power for meeting perceptual load frequent break-make and its application |
| CN108562383A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Static excitation/piezoresistive detection silicon micro resonance type pressure sensor closed loop autonomous system |
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- 2021-03-22 CN CN202110302368.3A patent/CN113114139B/en active Active
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| CN107742988A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-02-27 | 绵阳市维博电子有限责任公司 | A kind of sine-wave power for meeting perceptual load frequent break-make and its application |
| CN108562383A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-09-21 | 合肥工业大学 | Static excitation/piezoresistive detection silicon micro resonance type pressure sensor closed loop autonomous system |
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