Background technology
In modern wireless communication systems, radio-frequency power amplifier is a critical component of realizing the radiofrequency signal wireless transmission.The major function of radio-frequency power amplifier is modulated radiofrequency signal is amplified to required performance number, transfers to the antenna emission, guarantees that the receiver in certain zone can receive signal.As the radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier circuit of radio frequency part critical component, its performance produces directly influence to communication quality.Radio-frequency (RF) power transistor is the core component of radio-frequency power amplifier, and its operating state is determined by biasing circuit, so the characteristic of biasing circuit directly has influence on the performance of power amplifier.When the bias voltage instability or because variations in temperature causes transistorized knot pressure drop change, the capital causes the characteristic of radio frequency amplifier tube to produce bigger variation, and then make power amplifier output signal produce bigger variation, cause the uncertainty of power amplifier output signal.The biasing circuit that has voltage compensation and temperature-compensating can address the above problem well, thereby radio frequency amplifier is stably worked under the applied environment of complexity.
In order to address this problem, existing technology is to adopt traditional current-mirror structure as biasing circuit, and as shown in Figure 1, square frame marks part and is current-mirror bias circuit among Fig. 1, comprise two NPN pipe Q1 and Q2, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q1 is connected to voltage bias end V by resistance R 1
BIAS, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q1 is connected with the base stage of himself, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe, and the base stage of described NPN pipe Q2 is connected with the base stage of described NPN pipe Q1, and the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q2 meets biasing circuit power end V
CBThis biasing circuit provides biasing for the amplifying circuit of being made up of power tube Q3 etc., and amplifying circuit comprises NPN pipe Q3, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q3, and the base stage of described NPN pipe Q3 is by a capacitor C
InConnect input signal, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q3 connects power end V
CC, simultaneously by a capacitor C
OutAfterwards as signal output part.Biasing circuit act as Temperature Compensation in this circuit: when temperature raises, and the base stage of power tube Q3 (B)-emitter (E) knot pressure drop V
BE3Reduce the feasible electric current I that flows through Q3
dIncrease the V of Q1, Q2 in the biasing circuit
BE1And V
BE2Also decrease, owing to be in the V of the Q1 of current mirror one side
BE1Reduction will be to the Q2 of current mirror opposite side, the V of Q3
BE2And V
BE3Reduction compensate to some extent, thereby make the electric current I of power tube Q3
dVariation with temperature change reduces.
But this structure is to bias voltage V
BIASChange very sensitive, limited to the Temperature Compensation effect simultaneously, when bias voltage produces fluctuation, can cause the power amplifier output characteristic to produce bigger variation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier circuit, can reduce the variable quantity of power amplifier output characteristic because of voltage and temperature change, thereby improves the stability of power amplifier.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier circuit of the present invention is, comprises biasing circuit and amplifying circuit, and described amplifying circuit comprises NPN pipe Q3, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q3, and the base stage of described NPN pipe Q3 is by a capacitor C
InConnect input signal, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q3 connects power end V
CC, simultaneously by a capacitor C
OutAs signal output part, described biasing circuit comprises three NPN pipe Q4, Q5 and Q6 afterwards, collector electrode and the voltage bias end V of described NPN pipe Q4
BIASBetween be connected in series with resistance R 2 and compensating resistance R
X1, wherein resistance R 2 is near described voltage bias end V
BIAS, compensating resistance R
X1Near the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q4, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q4 is connected to described compensating resistance R
X1An end that is connected with resistance R 2, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q4 is connected to the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q5, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q5 is connected to the collector electrode of himself, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q5, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q4 is also connected to the base stage of described NPN pipe Q6, and the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q6 is connected to biasing circuit power end V
CB, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q6 is connected to the base stage of the NPN pipe Q3 of described amplifying circuit.
Another technical scheme of radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier circuit of the present invention is, comprises biasing circuit and amplifying circuit, and described amplifying circuit comprises NPN pipe Q3, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q3, and the base stage of described NPN pipe Q3 is by a capacitor C
InConnect input signal, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q3 connects power end V
CC, simultaneously by a capacitor C
OutAs signal output part, described biasing circuit comprises three NPN pipe Q7, Q8 and Q9 afterwards, collector electrode and the voltage bias end V of described NPN pipe Q7
BIASBetween be connected in series with resistance R 3 and compensating resistance R
X2, wherein resistance R 32 is near described voltage bias end V
BIAS, compensating resistance R
X2Near the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q7, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q7, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q8 is connected to described compensating resistance R
X2An end that is connected with resistance R 3, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q8 is by resistance R 4 ground connection, the emitter of simultaneously described NPN pipe Q8 also connects the base stage of described NPN pipe Q7, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q9 is connected to the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q7, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q9 is by resistance R 5 ground connection, and the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q8 and Q9 all is connected to biasing circuit power end V
CB, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q9 is connected to the base stage of described NPN pipe Q3.
The present invention designs the circuit structure of resnstance transformer in biasing circuit, add compensating resistance, can effectively compensate, reduce the dependence of circuit bias voltage to voltage, strengthen temperature compensation function simultaneously, improved the stability and the applicability of power amplifier.
Embodiment
Radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier circuit of the present invention, its circuit diagram comprise biasing circuit and amplifying circuit as shown in Figure 2, and described amplifying circuit comprises NPN pipe Q3, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q3, and the base stage of described NPN pipe Q3 is by a capacitor C
InConnect input signal, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q3 connects power end V
CC, simultaneously by a capacitor C
OutAs signal output part, it is characterized in that afterwards described biasing circuit comprises three NPN pipe Q4, Q5 and Q6, collector electrode and the voltage bias end V of described NPN pipe Q4
BIASBetween be connected in series with resistance R 2 and compensating resistance R
X1, wherein resistance R 2 is near described voltage bias end V
BIAS, compensating resistance R
X1Near the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q4, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q4 is connected to described compensating resistance R
X1An end that is connected with resistance R 2, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q4 is connected to the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q5, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q5 is connected to the collector electrode of himself, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q5, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q4 is also connected to the base stage of described NPN pipe Q6, and the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q6 is connected to biasing circuit power end V
CB, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q6 is connected to the base stage of the NPN pipe Q3 of described amplifying circuit.
As shown in Figure 2, between the base stage of the NPN of biasing circuit pipe Q4 and collector electrode, add compensating resistance R
X1As bias voltage V
BIASDuring increase, by electric current I
1Increase the base stage and the emitter voltage V that cause NPN pipe Q4
BE4Base stage and emitter voltage V with NPN pipe Q5
BE5Increase V
BE4And V
BE5Increase can be effectively by R
X1The increase of the voltage drop at two ends compensates.As bias voltage V
BIASWhen reducing, by electric current I
1Reduce to cause base stage and the emitter voltage V of NPN pipe Q4
BE4Base stage and emitter voltage V with NPN pipe Q5
BE5Reduce V
BE4And V
BE5Reduce can be effectively by R
X1The voltage drop at two ends reduce compensate.Thereby, make the V that supplies with Q6
BE6To V
BIASInsensitive, thereby the dc point that makes power tube is to V
BIASInsensitive.
When temperature raises, the V of NPN pipe Q4
BE4Reduce electric current I
1Increase the opposite side electric current I thereupon
2The amplitude that increases can be effectively by R
X1The increase of the voltage drop at two ends reduces, and NPN is managed the influence reduction of the output characteristic of Q6, Q3 thereby elevate the temperature.When temperature lowers, the V of NPN pipe Q4
BE4Increase electric current I
1Decrease the opposite side electric current I
2The amplitude that reduces can be effectively by R
X1The voltage drop at two ends reduce compensate, thereby the influence that elevates the temperature to the output characteristic of NPN pipe Q6, Q3 reduces.
In foregoing circuit, transistor Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6 select the identical NPN pipe of junction area for use, suppose bias voltage V
BIASWhen increasing Δ V, electric current I
1Increase Δ I
1, the V of Q4, Q5
BEEach increases Δ V
BE, the base voltage V of transistor Q6
bChange Δ V
b
Then have
ΔV=ΔI
1×R
2+2×ΔV
BE
ΔV
b=[(V
BIAS+ΔV)-(I
1+ΔI
1)(R
2+R
X)]-[V
BIAS-I
1(R
2+R
x)]=ΔV-ΔI
1(R
2+R
x)
Therefore
ΔV
b=2×ΔV
BE-ΔI
1×R
x。
By following formula as can be known, work as R
X1Value R
XWhen suitable, can compensate V
BIASThe change amount to V
bInfluence, make Δ V
bBe tending towards 0.
The present invention also provides the another kind of technical scheme of radio-frequency (RF) power amplifier circuit, as shown in Figure 3, comprises biasing circuit and amplifying circuit, and described amplifying circuit comprises NPN pipe Q3, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q3, and the base stage of described NPN pipe Q3 is by a capacitor C
InConnect input signal, the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q3 connects power end V
CC, simultaneously by a capacitor C
OutAs signal output part, described biasing circuit comprises three NPN pipe Q7, Q8 and Q9 afterwards, collector electrode and the voltage bias end V of described NPN pipe Q7
BIASBetween be connected in series with resistance R 3 and compensating resistance R
X2, wherein resistance R 32 is near described voltage bias end V
BIAS, compensating resistance R
X2Near the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q7, the grounded emitter of described NPN pipe Q7, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q8 is connected to described compensating resistance R
X2An end that is connected with resistance R 3, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q8 is by resistance R 4 ground connection, the emitter of simultaneously described NPN pipe Q8 also connects the base stage of described NPN pipe Q7, the base stage of described NPN pipe Q9 is connected to the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q7, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q9 is by resistance R 5 ground connection, and the collector electrode of described NPN pipe Q8 and Q9 all is connected to biasing circuit power end V
CB, the emitter of described NPN pipe Q9 is connected to the base stage of described NPN pipe Q3.
In foregoing circuit, add compensating resistance R between the base stage of the collector electrode of the NPN of biasing circuit pipe Q7 and NPN pipe Q8
X2, the base stage of NPN pipe Q9 links to each other with the collector electrode of Q7.In this technical scheme, the resnstance transformer structure that biasing circuit adopts is the variable form of current ratio, can realize by the ratio of oxide-semiconductor control transistors Q9 and Q8 and the ratio of R5 and R4.When transistor Q7 identical with the Q8 junction area, the junction area of transistor Q9 and Q10 be Q7 M doubly, the resistance of resistance R 4 be R5 M doubly, then flow through the electric current I of transistor Q9 collector electrode
5Be to flow through transistor Q8 collector current I approximately
4M doubly, therefore can be by oxide-semiconductor control transistors Q9 and the ratio of Q8 and the ratio realization of R5 and R4.
Transistor Q7, Q8 select the identical NPN pipe of junction area for use, and base voltage is used V respectively
B7, V
B8Expression.Transistor Q9 junction area is M a times of Q7.Suppose bias voltage V
BIASWhen increasing Δ V, electric current I
3Increase Δ I
3, the V of Q7, Q8
BEIncrease Δ V respectively
BE7, Δ V
BE8, the V of Q9
BEIncrease Δ V
BE9, the base voltage V of transistor Q9
bChange Δ V
b
Because
V
b7=V
BE7,V
b8=V
b7+V
BE8=V
BE7+V
BE8
Then have
V
BIAS=I
3×R
3+V
b8=I
3×R
3+V
BE7+V
BE8
ΔV=ΔIΔI
3×R
3+ΔV
BE7+ΔV
BE8
ΔV
b=[(V
BIAS+ΔV)-(I
3+ΔI
3)(R
3+R
X)]-[V
BIAS-I
3(R
3+R
x)]=ΔV-ΔI
3(R
3+R
x)
Therefore
ΔV
b=ΔI
3×R
3+ΔV
BE7+ΔV
BE8-ΔI
3(R
3+R
x)=ΔV
BE7+ΔV
BE8-ΔI
3×R
x
By following formula as can be known, work as R
X2Value R
XWhen suitable, can compensate V
BIASThe change amount to V
bInfluence, make Δ V
bBe tending towards 0.
In above-mentioned compensation process, compensating resistance R
X2Value determined by concrete biasing circuit.
The present invention designs the resnstance transformer structure in biasing circuit, add compensating resistance.The compensating resistance that is added plays two effects: 1. increase the voltage compensation effect of biasing circuit, reduce the dependence of circuit to bias voltage; 2. strengthen the temperature compensation function of biasing circuit.Owing to bias voltage change or temperature change cause the variation of the electric current of NPN pipe Q4 and Q5 or Q7 and Q8, change voltage V between the base stage that causes and the collector electrode by electric current
BEVariable quantity can be effectively by R
X1Or R
X2The voltage drop variable quantity at two ends compensates, thereby makes circuit to bias voltage and temperature-insensitive.