CN113109743A - Underground engineering integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system and method - Google Patents
Underground engineering integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a measuring system and a method for the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of underground engineering, relating to the field of electromagnetic measurement, wherein a large-scale antenna is arranged on the ground, the large-scale antenna is connected with a magnetic field sensor arranged in the underground engineering through a wireless signal, the magnetic field sensor is connected with a data acquisition instrument, the data acquisition instrument is connected with a signal processing terminal, continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signals received by the magnetic field sensor are acquired and stored, and then the acquired continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signals are processed in the later stage, thereby providing a scientific and effective measuring system and measuring method for the actual measurement and evaluation of the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of the large underground engineering, and being capable of providing equipment support for the actual measurement and evaluation of the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of the large underground engineering such as civil engineering, urban comprehensive pipe gallery system, urban subway system and the like, the invention has the, is suitable for wide popularization and application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electromagnetic measurement, in particular to a system and a method for measuring the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of underground engineering.
Background
As is known, SREMP (Source Region Electromagnetic Pulse) has low magnetic field frequency, high intensity, large energy and strong permeability to geotechnical media, and can enter underground engineering through various ways to interfere or damage electrical equipment in the engineering. The large underground engineering has large scale, uneven coating thickness, complex internal structure and various electromagnetic coupling ways, and the internal SREMP magnetic field environment is difficult to accurately evaluate through simulation; the indoor large-scale SREMP environmental simulator can not be applied to field actual measurement due to the limitation of size, cost, erection difficulty and the like. Due to the lack of a measuring system, the actual measurement of the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of the large underground engineering cannot be carried out up to now. It is a long-standing technical appeal for those skilled in the art how to provide a system and method for measuring the overall SREMP magnetic field environment of the underground engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a scientific and effective measuring system and a measuring method for the actual measurement and evaluation of the integral SREMP magnetic field environment of large underground engineering, and can provide equipment support and the like for the actual measurement and evaluation of the integral SREMP magnetic field environment of large underground engineering such as civil air defense engineering, urban comprehensive pipe gallery systems, urban subway systems and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the system comprises a continuous wave current source, a power amplifier, a large antenna, a matcher, a magnetic field sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a signal processing terminal, wherein the large antenna is arranged on the ground and is connected with the matcher, the matcher is connected with the power amplifier, the power amplifier is connected with the continuous wave current source, the large antenna is connected with the magnetic field sensor arranged in the underground engineering through a wireless signal, the magnetic field sensor is connected with the data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the signal processing terminal to form the underground engineering integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system.
According to the underground engineering integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system, the continuous wave current source provides stable continuous waves for system input.
According to the integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system for the underground engineering, the working frequency band of the continuous wave current source is 1 kHz-200 kHz, sinusoidal continuous waves are generated, the frequency adjusting resolution is 1kHz, the harmonic distortion degree is lower than 0.5%, and the grounding requirement is lower than 15 omega.
According to the underground engineering integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system, continuous wave power is amplified by the power amplifier and then input into the antenna system, the power can be adjusted to ensure that the large antenna radiates a stable induction field, the working frequency band of the power amplifier is 1 kHz-200 kHz, the continuous output power is 1W-1 kW, and the power adjustment resolution is 1W.
According to the integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system for the underground engineering, the matcher is automatically matched to a close impedance gear according to the ground impedance of the large antenna so as to improve the output efficiency of the power amplifier, and the working frequency band of the matcher is 1 kHz-200 kHz.
According to the underground engineering integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system, the large antenna is arranged in a ground-attached mode and radiates a low-frequency induction magnetic field, the length of the large antenna is 1000-5000 m after splicing, the length of a single section of the large antenna is 100m, and the standing-wave ratio is lower than 5%.
According to the integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system for the underground engineering, the magnetic field sensor is low-frequency magnetic field receiving equipment, the working frequency of the magnetic field sensor is 1 kHz-100 kHz, and the sensitivity is 122 mV/nT.
According to the integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system for the underground engineering, the data acquisition instrument acquires and stores continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signals received by the magnetic field sensor, the sampling rate of the data acquisition instrument is 384kHz, and the analog input range is +/-10V.
According to the integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system for the underground engineering, the signal processing terminal carries out post-processing on the collected continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signals, the sampling rate of the signal processing terminal is 384kHz, and the analog input range is +/-10V.
A measuring method for the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of underground engineering specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, connecting a continuous wave current source, a power amplifier, a large antenna, a matcher, a magnetic field sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a signal processing terminal, and then laying the continuous wave current source, the power amplifier, the large antenna, the matcher, the magnetic field sensor, the data acquisition instrument and the signal processing terminal to a large underground project, wherein the large antenna is laid on the underground project;
secondly, starting up and preheating a continuous wave current source and a power amplifier;
thirdly, transmitting continuous wave signals with different frequencies by a continuous wave current source, and receiving and acquiring low-frequency magnetic field signals inside and outside the project by using a magnetic field sensor and a data acquisition instrument;
fourthly, processing the acquired signals by using a signal processing terminal according to the following mode:
A. calculating the magnetic induction attenuation:
the attenuation of the magnetic field frequency domain at a certain point P inside the underground engineering under the action of the incident continuous wave with the frequency f is represented as follows:
wherein S isdB(f) Represents the attenuation of the continuous wave magnetic field of frequency f, BP0(f) Magnetic induction of a continuous wave of frequency f at the ground outside the underground works, BP(f) Representing the magnetic induction intensity at the position of a P point in the underground engineering;
B. estimating impulse wave response from the measured attenuation of the continuous wave:
the underground engineering coating layer is integrally regarded as a large shielding structure; if the process of electromagnetic wave entering underground engineering is regarded as a signal transmission system, obviously, the system is a causal linear system or a weak nonlinear system, the SREMP magnetic field time domain function is set as x (t), the SREMP magnetic field time domain function is output as y (t) after passing through the system, the system transfer function is set as h (t), and the system has
Y(ω)＝X(ω)H(ω)
Where Y (ω), X (ω), and H (ω) are the Fourier transforms of X (t), Y (t), and H (t), respectively, and H (ω) is the frequency domain response of the system, written in amplitude and phase form
H(ω)＝|H(ω)|ejθ(ω)
| H (ω) | is amplitude-frequency characteristic, ejθ(ω)For phase frequency characteristics, θ (ω) is the phase angle;
for a causal linear system, the time-domain transfer function H (t) is constant regardless of the input signal, the subsurface engineering coating is considered as the causal linear system, the phase-frequency characteristics are arbitrarily selected, but the phase-frequency characteristics satisfying the minimum phase condition are unique, and the frequency-domain response of the causal linear system is set to be H (omega), then
H(ω)＝HR(ω)+jHI(ω)＝|H(ω)|ejθ(ω)
Wherein the real part H of H (ω)R(ω) and imaginary part HI(ω) satisfies the Hilbert transform relationship, i.e.
HI(ω)＝-Hilbert(HR(ω))
ejθ(ω)For the phase-frequency characteristic, the natural logarithm is taken at both sides of the formula (4)
ln(H(ω))＝ln|H(ω)|+jθ(ω)
Then ln | H (ω) | and phase angle θ (ω) also satisfy the Hilbert transform relationship, i.e.
θ(ω)＝-Hilbert(ln|H(ω))
Therefore, θ (ω) can be estimated from | H (ω) |, and H (ω) can be calculated from
h(t)＝F-1(H(ω))
Wherein F-1Since the inverse fourier transform is shown, the internal environment of the next process can be estimated as x (t) for the incoming and outgoing signals according to equation (2).
And fifthly, ending the operation of the system, and shutting down each device.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention collects and stores the continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signal received by the magnetic field sensor, and then carries out post-processing on the collected continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signal, thereby providing a scientific and effective measuring system and a measuring method for the actual measurement and evaluation of the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of the large underground engineering, and providing equipment support for the actual measurement and evaluation of the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of the large underground engineering such as civil air defense engineering, urban comprehensive pipe gallery systems, urban subway systems and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of the tissue architecture of a measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a layout diagram of a measurement system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a measurement method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be explained in more detail by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention;
the system for measuring the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of the underground engineering comprises a continuous wave current source, a power amplifier, a large antenna, a matcher, a magnetic field sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a signal processing terminal, wherein as shown in figure 1, the large antenna is arranged on the ground and is connected with the matcher, the matcher is connected with the power amplifier, the power amplifier is connected with the continuous wave current source, the large antenna is connected with the magnetic field sensor arranged in the underground engineering through a wireless signal, the magnetic field sensor is connected with the data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with the signal processing terminal to form the system for measuring the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of the underground engineering.
In specific implementation, the continuous wave current source provides stable continuous waves for system input, and the technical indexes are as follows:
the power amplifier amplifies continuous wave power and then inputs the amplified continuous wave power into an antenna system, the power can be adjusted to ensure that a large antenna radiates a stable induction field, and the technical indexes are as follows:
the matcher is automatically matched to a similar impedance gear according to the grounding impedance of the large antenna so as to improve the output efficiency of the power amplifier, and the technical indexes are as follows:
the large antenna is arranged in a ground-attached mode and radiates a low-frequency induction magnetic field, and the technical indexes of the large antenna are as follows:
the magnetic field sensor is a low-frequency magnetic field receiving device, and the technical indexes are as follows:
the data acquisition instrument acquires and stores continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signals received by the magnetic field sensor, and the technical indexes are as follows:
the signal processing terminal carries out post-processing on the collected continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signal, and the technical indexes are as follows:
a method for measuring the whole SREMP magnetic field environment of underground engineering is disclosed, a flow chart of the measuring method is shown in FIG. 3, and when the method is implemented, the measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, connecting a continuous wave current source, a power amplifier, a large antenna, a matcher, a magnetic field sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a signal processing terminal and then distributing the continuous wave current source, the power amplifier, the large antenna, the matcher, the magnetic field sensor, the data acquisition instrument and the signal processing terminal to a large underground project, wherein the distribution mode is as shown in figure 2, and the large antenna is closely distributed above the underground project;
secondly, starting a continuous wave current source and a power amplifier for preheating, wherein the preheating time is 10 minutes;
thirdly, transmitting continuous wave signals with different frequencies by a continuous wave current source, and receiving and acquiring low-frequency magnetic field signals inside and outside the project by using a magnetic field sensor and a data acquisition instrument;
fourthly, processing the acquired signals by using a signal processing terminal according to the following mode:
A. calculating the magnetic induction attenuation:
the attenuation of the magnetic field frequency domain at a certain point P inside the underground engineering under the action of the incident continuous wave with the frequency f is represented as follows:
wherein S isdB(f) Representing continuous wave magnetism of frequency fAmount of field decay, BP0(f) Magnetic induction of a continuous wave of frequency f at the ground outside the underground works, BP(f) Representing the magnetic induction intensity at the position of a P point in the underground engineering;
B. estimating impulse wave response from the measured attenuation of the continuous wave:
the underground engineering coating layer is integrally regarded as a large shielding structure; if the process of electromagnetic wave entering underground engineering is regarded as a signal transmission system, obviously, the system is a causal linear system or a weak nonlinear system, the SREMP magnetic field time domain function is set as x (t), the SREMP magnetic field time domain function is output as y (t) after passing through a system (an underground engineering coating layer), and the system transfer function is set as h (t), then the system has
Y(ω)＝X(ω)H(ω)
Where Y (ω), X (ω), and H (ω) are the Fourier transforms of X (t), Y (t), and H (t), respectively, and H (ω) is the frequency domain response of the system, written in amplitude and phase form
H(ω)＝|H(ω)|ejθ(ω)
| H (ω) | is amplitude-frequency characteristic, ejθ(ω)For phase frequency characteristics, θ (ω) is the phase angle;
for a causal linear system, the time-domain transfer function H (t) is constant regardless of the input signal, the subsurface engineering coating is considered as the causal linear system, the phase-frequency characteristics are arbitrarily selected, but the phase-frequency characteristics satisfying the minimum phase condition are unique, and the frequency-domain response of the causal linear system is set to be H (omega), then
H(ω)＝HR(ω)+jHI(ω)＝|H(ω)|ejθ(ω)
Wherein the real part H of H (ω)R(ω) and imaginary part HI(ω) satisfies the Hilbert transform relationship, i.e.
HI(ω)＝-Hilbert(HR(ω))
ejθ(ω)For the phase-frequency characteristic, the natural logarithm is taken at both sides of the formula (4)
ln(H(ω))＝ln|H(ω)|+jθ(ω)
Then ln | H (ω) | and phase angle θ (ω) also satisfy the Hilbert transform relationship, i.e.
θ(ω)＝-Hilbert(ln|H(ω))
Therefore, θ (ω) can be estimated from | H (ω) |, and H (ω) can be calculated from
h(t)＝F-1(H(ω))
Wherein F-1Since the inverse fourier transform is shown, the internal environment of the next process can be estimated as x (t) for the incoming and outgoing signals according to equation (2).
And fifthly, ending the operation of the system, and shutting down each device.
The present invention is not described in detail in the prior art.
The embodiments selected for the purpose of disclosing the invention, are presently considered to be suitable, it being understood, however, that the invention is intended to cover all variations and modifications of the embodiments which fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an underground engineering whole SREMP magnetic field environment measurement system, includes continuous wave current source, power amplifier, large-scale antenna, matcher, magnetic field sensor, data acquisition appearance and signal processing terminal, characterized by: the large antenna is arranged on the ground and connected with a matcher, the matcher is connected with a power amplifier, the power amplifier is connected with a continuous wave current source, the large antenna is connected with a magnetic field sensor arranged in the underground engineering through a wireless signal, the magnetic field sensor is connected with a data acquisition instrument, and the data acquisition instrument is connected with a signal processing terminal to form the underground engineering integral SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system.
2. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the continuous wave current source provides a stable continuous wave for the system input.
3. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the working frequency band of the continuous wave current source is 1 kHz-200 kHz, sinusoidal continuous waves, the frequency adjustment resolution is 1kHz, the harmonic distortion is lower than 0.5%, and the grounding requirement is lower than 15 omega.
4. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the power amplifier amplifies continuous wave power and then inputs the amplified continuous wave power into an antenna system, the power can be adjusted to ensure that a large antenna radiates a stable induction field, the working frequency band of the power amplifier is 1 kHz-200 kHz, the continuous output power is 1W-1 kW, and the power adjustment resolution is 1W.
5. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the matcher is automatically matched to a close impedance gear according to the grounding impedance of the large antenna so as to improve the output efficiency of the power amplifier, and the working frequency band of the matcher is 1 kHz-200 kHz.
6. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the large antenna is arranged in a ground-attached mode and radiates a low-frequency induction magnetic field, the length of the large antenna is 1000-5000 m after splicing, the length of a single section is 100m, and the standing-wave ratio is lower than 5%.
7. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the magnetic field sensor is low-frequency magnetic field receiving equipment, the working frequency of the magnetic field sensor is 1 kHz-100 kHz, and the sensitivity is 122 mV/nT.
8. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the data acquisition instrument acquires and stores continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signals received by the magnetic field sensor, the sampling rate of the data acquisition instrument is 384kHz, and the analog input range is +/-10V.
9. The monolithic SREMP magnetic field environmental measurement system of claim 1, wherein: the signal processing terminal carries out post-processing on the collected continuous wave low-frequency magnetic field signal, the sampling rate of the signal processing terminal is 384kHz, and the analog input range is +/-10V.
10. The method for measuring the SREMP magnetic field environment of the whole underground engineering for implementing the SREMP magnetic field environment measuring system of the whole underground engineering of any claim 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the measuring method specifically comprises the following steps:
firstly, connecting a continuous wave current source, a power amplifier, a large antenna, a matcher, a magnetic field sensor, a data acquisition instrument and a signal processing terminal, and then laying the continuous wave current source, the power amplifier, the large antenna, the matcher, the magnetic field sensor, the data acquisition instrument and the signal processing terminal to a large underground project, wherein the large antenna is laid on the underground project;
secondly, starting up and preheating a continuous wave current source and a power amplifier;
thirdly, transmitting continuous wave signals with different frequencies by a continuous wave current source, and receiving and acquiring low-frequency magnetic field signals inside and outside the project by using a magnetic field sensor and a data acquisition instrument;
fourthly, processing the acquired signals by using a signal processing terminal according to the following mode:
A. calculating the magnetic induction attenuation:
the attenuation of the magnetic field frequency domain at a certain point P inside the underground engineering under the action of the incident continuous wave with the frequency f is represented as follows:
wherein S isdB(f) Represents the attenuation of the continuous wave magnetic field of frequency f, BP0(f) Magnetic induction of a continuous wave of frequency f at the ground outside the underground works, BP(f) Representing the magnetic induction intensity at the position of a P point in the underground engineering;
B. estimating impulse wave response from the measured attenuation of the continuous wave:
the underground engineering coating layer is integrally regarded as a large shielding structure; if the process of electromagnetic wave entering underground engineering is regarded as a signal transmission system, obviously, the system is a causal linear system or a weak nonlinear system, the SREMP magnetic field time domain function is set as x (t), the SREMP magnetic field time domain function is output as y (t) after passing through the system, the system transfer function is set as h (t), and the system has
Y(ω)＝X(ω)H(ω)
Where Y (ω), X (ω), and H (ω) are the Fourier transforms of X (t), Y (t), and H (t), respectively, and H (ω) is the frequency domain response of the system, written in amplitude and phase form
H(ω)＝|H(ω)|ejθ(ω)
| H (ω) | is amplitude-frequency characteristic, ejθ(ω)For phase frequency characteristics, θ (ω) is the phase angle;
for a causal linear system, the time-domain transfer function H (t) is constant regardless of the input signal, the subsurface engineering coating is considered as the causal linear system, the phase-frequency characteristics are arbitrarily selected, but the phase-frequency characteristics satisfying the minimum phase condition are unique, and the frequency-domain response of the causal linear system is set to be H (omega), then
H(ω)＝HR(ω)+jHI(ω)＝|H(ω)|ejθ(ω)
Wherein the real part H of H (ω)R(ω) and imaginary part HI(ω) satisfies the Hilbert transform relationship, i.e.
HI(ω)＝-Hilbert(HR(ω))
ejθ(ω)For the phase-frequency characteristic, the natural logarithm is taken at both sides of the formula (4)
ln(H(ω))＝ln|H(ω)|+jθ(ω)
Then ln | H (ω) | and phase angle θ (ω) also satisfy the Hilbert transform relationship, i.e.
θ(ω)＝-Hilbert(ln|H(ω)|)
Therefore, θ (ω) can be estimated from | H (ω) |, and H (ω) can be calculated from
h(t)＝F-1(H(ω))
Wherein F-1Since the inverse fourier transform is shown, the internal environment of the next process can be estimated as x (t) for the incoming and outgoing signals according to equation (2).
And fifthly, ending the operation of the system, and shutting down each device.
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