CN113109030A - Light path collimation debugging system and light path collimation debugging method - Google Patents
Light path collimation debugging system and light path collimation debugging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113109030A CN113109030A CN202110385348.7A CN202110385348A CN113109030A CN 113109030 A CN113109030 A CN 113109030A CN 202110385348 A CN202110385348 A CN 202110385348A CN 113109030 A CN113109030 A CN 113109030A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
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Abstract
An optical path collimation debugging system and an optical path collimation debugging method are provided, the optical path collimation debugging system comprises: a light source; a reflective Bragg grating, the diffraction angle of which is adjustable; the collimating lens is positioned between the light source and the reflective Bragg grating and is adjustable in position along a light path; the detection unit is positioned on one side of the reflective Bragg grating; the reflective Bragg grating is suitable for receiving the light collimated by the collimating lens and diffracting the light to the detection unit. The accuracy of the light path collimation debugging system for judging the collimation of the light beam is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of optical testing, in particular to a light path collimation debugging system and a light path collimation debugging method.
Background
In the laser application process, the laser beam is usually required to be collimated, and the collimation effect can directly influence the application effect of the laser, so how to judge the collimation effect becomes a key ring in the laser application process.
At present, although there are various methods for testing the collimation effect of the optical path in the prior art, the accuracy of the detection result needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of poor accuracy in judging the collimation of the light beam in the prior art.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides an optical path collimation and debugging system, including: a light source; a reflective Bragg grating, the diffraction angle of which is adjustable; the collimating lens is positioned between the light source and the reflective Bragg grating and is adjustable in position along a light path; the detection unit is positioned on one side of the reflective Bragg grating; the reflective Bragg grating is suitable for receiving the light collimated by the collimating lens and diffracting the light to the detection unit.
Optionally, the collimating lens includes a first sub-collimating lens and a second sub-collimating lens; the first sub-collimating lens is positioned between the second sub-collimating lens and the light source, and the collimating direction of the first sub-collimating lens to the light is different from that of the second sub-collimating lens to the light.
Optionally, the detection unit is adapted to output an electrical signal.
Optionally, the detection unit includes an optical power meter or a photoelectric conversion detector.
Optionally, the detection unit is adapted to output an image signal, and the detection unit includes an image sensor.
The invention also provides a light path collimation debugging method, and the light path collimation debugging system adopting the invention comprises the following steps: the reflective Bragg grating receives the light passing through the collimating lens and diffracts the light to the detection unit; adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a first maximum value; after the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating is adjusted, the position of the collimating lens is adjusted along the propagation light path of the light until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a second maximum value.
Optionally, the detection unit outputs an electrical signal; in the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating, when the electric signal output by the detection unit reaches a first electric signal maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the first maximum value; in the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the propagation light path of the light, when the electric signal output by the detection unit reaches a first electric signal maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a second maximum value.
Optionally, the detection unit outputs an image signal; in the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating, when the area of the image output by the detection unit reaches a first area maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the first area maximum value; in the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the light propagation path, when the area of the image output by the detection unit reaches a second area maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective bragg grating reaches the second area maximum value.
Optionally, the method further includes: the reflective Bragg grating receives light passing through the collimating lens and performs primary collimation on the light emitted by the light source before the light is diffracted to the detection unit.
Optionally, the method for primarily collimating the light emitted by the light source by the collimating lens includes: an observation piece is arranged in the direction of emergent light of the collimating lens; and adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the propagation light path of the light until the projection area of the light emitted from the collimating lens on the observation piece reaches the maximum value of the projection area.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the light path collimation debugging method provided by the technical scheme of the invention, the reflective Bragg grating receives light passing through the collimating lens and diffracts the light to the detection unit; adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a first maximum value; after the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating is adjusted, the position of the collimating lens is adjusted along the propagation light path of the light until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a second maximum value. When the divergence angle of the incident beam is smaller than a certain value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating is extremely high, so that whether the beam is collimated or not is judged better by utilizing the angle characteristic selection of the reflective Bragg grating in the scheme, and the accuracy of judging the collimation of the beam is improved.
And secondly, the reflective Bragg grating is a one-dimensional diffraction device, the grating line direction of the reflective Bragg grating is almost vertical to incident light, and the divergence angle of the light beam in any direction can be detected simultaneously. Therefore, in the application process, the collimation condition of the light beam can be completely judged only by using one reflection type Bragg grating. The reflection type Bragg grating can be equivalent to a reflector in the light path, and the light path is simple and suitable for practical application.
Further, still include: the reflective Bragg grating receives light passing through the collimating lens and performs primary collimation on the light emitted by the light source before the light is diffracted to the detection unit. The initial collimation can quickly and roughly determine the initial position of the collimating lens, and on the basis, the precise position of the collimating lens is determined by combining the angle adjustment of the reflective Bragg grating. This results in improved efficiency and accuracy of adjustment.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical path collimation debugging system in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of an optical path collimation debugging method according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an optical diagram of a reflective Bragg grating according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of diffraction efficiency versus off Bragg angle for an embodiment of the present invention;
Detailed Description
As described in the background art, the evaluation of the laser collimation effect becomes a key part in the laser application process. One method is as follows: zooming out or zooming in the spot and observing its size confirms collimation, however, in the case of a beam with more severe collimated diffraction, such as small-aperture fundamental mode gaussian light, this evaluation method is very unreliable. The other method comprises the following steps: the size of a focus spot is observed by using a lens or an off-axis parabolic reflector in combination with a CCD (charge coupled device), however, for the ultrahigh-temperature light beam, the ultrahigh-temperature light beam is spread on a frequency spectrum plane at the focus, and besides a main lobe, a plurality of orders of side lobes exist on the frequency spectrum plane, and the side lobes can seriously influence an observation result. The other method is as follows: the shearing interference plate and the CCD are utilized, however, the collimation effect is judged by the method depending on the parallelism degree of the interference fringes and the reference line, and once the low-frequency phase distortion introduced by an optical device in the light beam transmission process seriously influences the judgment result.
On this basis, an embodiment of the present invention provides an optical path collimation debugging system, which, with reference to fig. 1, includes:
a light source 100;
a reflective Bragg grating 110, wherein the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating 110 is adjustable;
a collimating lens 120 located between the light source 100 and the reflective bragg grating 110, wherein a position of the collimating lens 120 along an optical path is adjustable;
a detection unit 130 located at one side of the reflective bragg grating 110;
the reflective bragg grating 110 is adapted to receive the light collimated by the collimating lens 120 and diffract the light to the detecting unit 130.
In this embodiment, the light source 100 includes a laser, such as a solid state laser. In other embodiments, the light source may be other types of light sources, not limited to a laser.
In one embodiment, the collimating lens 120 is a single collimating lens.
For beam shaping of a given profile or collimation of an astigmatic beam, it is common to use a combination of double cylindrical mirrors or more lenses. For this case, in another embodiment, the collimating lens is a combined collimating lens, and the collimating lens includes a first sub-collimating lens and a second sub-collimating lens; the first sub-collimating lens is located between the second sub-collimating lens and the light source 100, and the collimating direction of the first sub-collimating lens to the light is different from that of the second sub-collimating lens to the light. The first sub-collimating lens is a cylindrical mirror, and the second sub-collimating lens is a cylindrical mirror.
It should be noted that, if the transmissive volume bragg grating is used to determine the collimation of the light beam, there are many limitations, which are shown in: (1) a large included angle exists between the diffraction angle of the transmission type volume Bragg grating and the transmission light; (2) the transmission type Bragg grating is a one-dimensional diffraction device, the grid line direction of the transmission type Bragg grating is parallel to the incident light direction, so the transmission type Bragg grating can only detect the divergence angle in one direction, when the collimating lens is a combined collimating lens, the collimation condition of the light beam can not be completely judged by only using one transmission type Bragg grating in the time, when the collimation effects of two divergence angles are respectively judged by using two transmission type Bragg gratings, a large included angle exists between the diffraction angle of the grating and the transmitted light, the optical system is an off-axis optical system, the system is complex in the two-dimensional detection process, the light path is difficult to adjust, and the optical system is not suitable for industrial application.
However, in this embodiment, the collimation of the optical beam is determined by using a reflective bragg grating, which is a one-dimensional diffraction device, and the grating direction of the reflective bragg grating is almost perpendicular to the incident light, so that the divergence angle of the optical beam in any direction can be detected simultaneously. Therefore, in the application process, the collimation condition of the light beam can be completely judged only by using one reflection type Bragg grating. The reflection type Bragg grating can be equivalent to a reflector in the light path, and the light path is simple and suitable for practical application.
In one embodiment, the detection unit 130 outputs an electrical signal. The detection unit 130 includes a power meter or a photoelectric conversion detector.
In another embodiment, the detection unit 130 outputs an image signal. The detection unit 130 includes an image sensor, such as a CCD image sensor.
The light path collimation debugging system further comprises: an additional lens 140 positioned between the light source 100 and the collimating lens 120, the additional lens 140 being adapted to expand or contract light.
Correspondingly, the embodiment further provides an optical path collimation debugging method, which adopts the optical path collimation debugging system, and with reference to fig. 2, includes the following steps:
s01: the collimating lens performs primary collimation on the light emitted by the light source;
s02: the reflective Bragg grating receives the light passing through the collimating lens and diffracts the light to the detection unit;
s03: adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a first maximum value;
s04: after the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating is adjusted, the position of the collimating lens is adjusted along the propagation light path of the light until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a second maximum value.
The method for the collimating lens to perform preliminary collimation on the light emitted by the light source comprises the following steps: an observation piece is arranged in the direction of emergent light of the collimating lens; and adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the propagation light path of the light until the projection area of the light emitted from the collimating lens on the observation piece reaches the maximum value of the projection area.
In the adjusting process, as long as the position of the collimating lens deviates from the first characteristic position, the projection area of the light emitted from the collimating lens on the observation piece is smaller than the maximum projection area.
In this embodiment, the detection unit outputs an electrical signal. In the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating, when the electric signal output by the detection unit reaches a first electric signal maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the first maximum value; in the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the propagation light path of the light, when the electric signal output by the detection unit reaches the second electric signal maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective bragg grating reaches the second maximum value.
In this embodiment, the second maximum value is equal to or greater than the first maximum value.
In this embodiment, in the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective bragg grating, when the diffraction angle is at the characteristic diffraction angle, the electrical signal output by the detection unit reaches a first maximum value of the electrical signal, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective bragg grating reaches the first maximum value; as long as the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating deviates from the characteristic diffraction angle, the electrical signal output by the detection unit is smaller than the first electrical signal maximum value, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating is smaller than the first maximum value. In the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the propagation light path of the light, when the collimating lens is at the second characteristic position, the electric signal output by the detection unit reaches a second electric signal maximum value, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the second maximum value; as long as the collimating lens deviates from the second characteristic position, the electric signal output by the detection unit is smaller than the second electric signal maximum value, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating is smaller than the second maximum value.
In other embodiments, the detection unit outputs an image signal; in the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating, when the area of the image output by the detection unit reaches a first area maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the first area maximum value; in the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the light propagation path, when the area of the image output by the detection unit reaches a second area maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective bragg grating reaches the second area maximum value. Specifically, in the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective bragg grating, when the diffraction angle is at the characteristic diffraction angle, the image signal output by the detection unit reaches a first area maximum value, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective bragg grating reaches the first area maximum value; as long as the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating deviates from the characteristic diffraction angle, the area of the image output by the detection unit is smaller than the first area maximum value, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating is smaller than the first area maximum value. In the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the light propagation path, when the collimating lens is at the second characteristic position, the image signal output by the detection unit reaches a second area maximum value, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the second area maximum value; as long as the collimating lens deviates from the second characteristic position, the area of the image output by the detection unit is smaller than the second area maximum value, and the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating is smaller than the second area maximum value.
Referring to FIG. 3, FIG. 3 is a diagram of an optical path in a reflective Bragg grating according to another embodiment of the present inventionThe emitted light enters the reflective Bragg grating to be diffracted and then is emitted, the thickness of the reflective Bragg grating is d, phi is the grating vector angle, and theta isBRepresenting the bragg angle.
For a reflective bragg grating, the diffraction efficiency η can be represented by:
Xi is dephasing parameter, d represents thickness of the reflective Bragg grating, and δ n is refractive index modulation degree of the reflective Bragg grating; lambda [ alpha ]0Representing the center wavelength of the incident light beam,
representing the grating tilt factor.
f is the spatial frequency of the reflective Bragg grating, navRepresenting the average refractive index, theta, of the reflective Bragg gratingBRepresents a Bragg angle; phi is the vector angle of the reflective Bragg grating; Δ θ represents an angular deviation amount; Δ λ represents a wavelength deviation amount. The angular deviation refers to the deviation of the diffraction angle corresponding to the time when the diffraction efficiency is highest.
The diffraction efficiency of the light beams with different divergence angles after being diffracted by the reflective Bragg grating can be calculated by the formula.
Referring to fig. 4, in which the horizontal axis represents an angle deviation amount and the vertical axis represents diffraction efficiency, it can be seen that when the incident beam divergence angle is 0.8mrad or less, the diffraction efficiency is extremely high, and thus whether the beam is collimated can be judged by using the angle selection characteristic of the reflective bragg grating.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. An optical path collimation debugging system, comprising:
a light source;
a reflective Bragg grating, the diffraction angle of which is adjustable;
the collimating lens is positioned between the light source and the reflective Bragg grating and is adjustable in position along a light path;
the detection unit is positioned on one side of the reflective Bragg grating;
the reflective Bragg grating is suitable for receiving the light collimated by the collimating lens and diffracting the light to the detection unit.
2. The optical path collimation debugging system of claim 1, wherein the collimating lens comprises a first sub-collimating lens and a second sub-collimating lens; the first sub-collimating lens is positioned between the second sub-collimating lens and the light source, and the collimating direction of the first sub-collimating lens to the light is different from that of the second sub-collimating lens to the light.
3. The optical path collimation debugging system of claim 1, wherein the detection unit is adapted to output an electrical signal.
4. The system according to claim 3, wherein the detection unit comprises an optical power meter or a photoelectric conversion detector.
5. The system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit is adapted to output an image signal, and the detection unit comprises an image sensor.
6. An optical path collimation debugging method, which adopts the optical path collimation debugging system of any one of claims 1 to 5, and is characterized by comprising:
the reflective Bragg grating receives the light passing through the collimating lens and diffracts the light to the detection unit;
adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a first maximum value;
after the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating is adjusted, the position of the collimating lens is adjusted along the propagation light path of the light until the detection unit judges that the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a second maximum value.
7. The optical path collimation debugging method of claim 6, wherein the detection unit outputs an electrical signal;
in the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating, when the electric signal output by the detection unit reaches a first electric signal maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the first maximum value;
in the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the propagation light path of the light, when the electric signal output by the detection unit reaches a first electric signal maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches a second maximum value.
8. The optical path collimation debugging method of claim 6, wherein the detection unit outputs an image signal;
in the process of adjusting the diffraction angle of the reflective Bragg grating, when the area of the image output by the detection unit reaches a first area maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective Bragg grating reaches the first area maximum value;
in the process of adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the light propagation path, when the area of the image output by the detection unit reaches a second area maximum value, the diffraction efficiency of the reflective bragg grating reaches the second area maximum value.
9. The method for debugging optical path collimation according to claim 6, further comprising: the reflective Bragg grating receives light passing through the collimating lens and performs primary collimation on the light emitted by the light source before the light is diffracted to the detection unit.
10. The method for debugging optical path collimation according to claim 9, wherein the method for preliminarily collimating the light emitted by the light source by the collimating lens comprises: an observation piece is arranged in the direction of emergent light of the collimating lens; and adjusting the position of the collimating lens along the propagation light path of the light until the projection area of the light emitted from the collimating lens on the observation piece reaches the maximum value of the projection area.
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| CN114705228A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-07-05 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | Multi-beam parallel laser generation device, parallel collimation adjustment device and method |
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