CN113107780B

CN113107780B - Blade assembling method and unidirectional rotating device of wind generating set

Info

Publication number: CN113107780B
Application number: CN202010028223.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 彭亮
Original assignee: Xinjiang Goldwind Science and Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jinfeng Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-01-10
Filing date: 2020-01-10
Publication date: 2023-03-03
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-10
Also published as: CN113107780A

Abstract

The invention relates to a blade assembling method and a unidirectional rotating device of a wind generating set. The blade assembly method includes: the wind generating set comprises a cabin, a generator and an impeller which are positioned at the top end of a tower, the impeller comprises a hub and at least three blades, the hub is provided with at least three blade mounting positions corresponding to the blades along the circumferential direction, and the blade assembling method comprises the following steps: the blade mounting positions corresponding to the first blade are positioned on one side of a main crane of the tower frame by rotating the hub, the blade mounting positions corresponding to the other blades are respectively positioned on one side of the main crane of the tower frame by rotating the hub and the engine room, and at least three blades are respectively assembled to the blade mounting positions. The invention achieves an optimal balance between blade assembly cost and assembly efficiency.

Description

Blade assembling method and unidirectional rotating device of wind generating set

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a blade assembling method and a unidirectional rotating device of a wind generating set.

Background

The wind generating set mainly comprises a tower, a cabin, a generator and an impeller. An impeller typically consists of a hub and three blades. For a direct-drive wind generating set, a stator of a generator is connected with a base in a cabin, and a rotor is directly connected with an impeller together so as to rotate relative to the stator under the driving of the impeller. In order to meet the power development requirement of a wind generating set and realize the wind power generation requirement of a low wind speed area, the diameter of an impeller has a development trend of being larger and larger. Traditionally, the operation mode of respectively installing three blades on a hub and integrally hoisting an impeller to the top end of a tower is limited by terrain, operation area and a hoisting tool.

Disclosure of Invention

An object of the present invention is to provide a blade assembling method of a wind turbine generator system, which can assemble individual blades to a hub individually at a lower cost and with higher efficiency.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a unidirectional rotation device, which can assist the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the hub, and improve the safety of the blade installation process.

In one aspect, the invention provides a blade assembly method of a wind generating set, the wind generating set comprises a cabin, a generator and an impeller which are positioned at the top end of a tower, the impeller comprises a hub and at least three blades, the hub is circumferentially provided with at least three blade mounting positions corresponding to the blades, and the blade assembly method comprises the following steps: the blade mounting positions corresponding to the first blade are positioned on one side of a main crane of the tower frame by rotating the hub, the blade mounting positions corresponding to the other blades are respectively positioned on one side of the main crane of the tower frame by rotating the hub and the engine room, and at least three blades are respectively assembled to the blade mounting positions.

According to one aspect of the invention, a blade mounted on a hub is hoisted by a main crane and a blade hoist to drive the hub to rotate axially around itself; or the one-way rotating device coaxially connected with the rotor of the generator drives the hub to rotate around the axial direction of the hub; and driving the nacelle to rotate around the axial direction of the tower through a yaw system arranged in the nacelle.

According to one aspect of the invention, the impeller comprises a first blade, a second blade and a third blade, and the hub comprises a corresponding first blade mounting location, second blade mounting location and third blade mounting location; the blade assembly method includes: rotating the hub to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounting position on a main crane side of the tower; assembling the first blade to the first blade mounting site in a horizontal attitude; rotating the hub and nacelle to position the second blade mounting location at the pre-mounting location; assembling a second blade to a second blade installation site in a horizontal attitude; rotating the hub and nacelle to position the third blade mounting location in a pre-mounting position; and assembling the third blade to the third blade mounting position in a horizontal posture.

According to one aspect of the invention, rotating the hub and nacelle to position the second blade mounting location in the pre-mounting position comprises: the method comprises the steps of hoisting a first blade mounted on a hub through a main crane and a blade lifting appliance to drive the hub to rotate by a first preset angle along a preset direction, and driving a cabin to rotate by a third preset angle around the axial direction of a tower through a yaw system arranged in the cabin so as to position a second blade mounting position at a pre-mounting position.

According to one aspect of the invention, rotating the hub and nacelle to position the third blade mounting location in the pre-mounting position comprises: the hub is driven to rotate by a second preset angle along a preset direction through a one-way rotating device coaxially connected with a rotor of the generator, and then the engine room is driven to rotate by a fourth preset angle around the axial direction of the tower through a yaw system; or, the nacelle is driven by the yaw system to rotate by a fourth preset angle around the axial direction of the tower, and then the hub is driven by a one-way rotating device which is coaxially connected with the rotor of the generator to rotate by a second preset angle in a preset direction.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the unidirectional rotation device drives the hub to rotate intermittently in a predetermined direction for a predetermined stroke angle each time

And is

x is a positive integer.

According to one aspect of the invention, a first blade mounted on a hub is hoisted by a main crane and a blade hoist to drive the hub to rotate in a predetermined direction by a first predetermined angle of 60 °; and/or the second preset angle for driving the hub to rotate along the preset direction through the one-way rotating device is 60 degrees.

According to one aspect of the invention, the impeller comprises a first blade, a second blade and a third blade, the hub comprises a corresponding first blade mounting location, second blade mounting location and third blade mounting location; the blade assembly method includes: rotating the hub to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mount location on a main crane side of the tower; assembling the first blade to the first blade mounting site in a tilted attitude; rotating the hub and nacelle to position the second blade mounting location at another mounting location on the main crane side of the tower; assembling the second blade to a second blade installation site in a horizontal attitude; rotating the hub and nacelle to position the third blade mounting location in a pre-mounting position; assembling the third blade to the third blade mounting site in an inclined position.

According to one aspect of the invention, rotating the hub and nacelle to position the second blade mounting location on the main crane side of the tower comprises: and hoisting a first blade mounted on the hub by the main crane and the blade hanger to drive the hub to rotate by a fifth preset angle along the first direction, and driving the nacelle to rotate by a seventh preset angle around the axial direction of the tower by a yaw system arranged in the nacelle so as to position a second blade mounting position on one side of the main crane of the tower.

According to one aspect of the invention, rotating the hub and the nacelle to position the third blade mounting location in a pre-mounting position comprises: and hoisting a second blade arranged on the hub by a main crane and a blade lifting appliance to drive the hub and the first blade arranged on the hub to rotate by a sixth preset angle along the direction opposite to the first direction, and driving the cabin to rotate by an eighth preset angle around the axial direction of the tower by a yaw system so as to position the third blade installation position at a pre-installation position.

According to an aspect of the invention, rotating the hub to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounting position at a main crane side of the tower comprises: rotating a first blade mounting position of a hub to a pre-mounting position; the hub is assembled to the top end of the tower by a hub hanger so that the hub pre-installation position is located on the main crane side of the tower, with the current attitude of the hub maintained.

According to one aspect of the invention, rotating the hub to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounting position on a main crane side of the tower comprises: assembling a hub to the top end of the tower by a hub spreader; the first blade mounting location is positioned in a pre-mounting position by rotating the hub.

According to an aspect of the present invention, when the first blade is assembled to the first blade mounting position in the inclined posture, the angle of inclination of the first blade with respect to the horizontal plane is 30 ° upward; and/or, the first blade arranged on the hub is hoisted through the main crane and the blade hoist, and the fifth preset angle for driving the hub to rotate along the first direction is 60 degrees; and/or, the second blade mounted on the hub is hoisted by the main crane and the blade hoist to drive the hub and the first blade mounted on the hub to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction by a sixth predetermined angle of 30 °.

The invention provides a blade assembling method of a wind generating set, which comprises the steps of positioning a blade installation position corresponding to a first blade on one side of a main crane of a tower frame by rotating a hub; by rotating the hub and the nacelle, the blade mounting positions corresponding to the remaining blades are positioned on one side of the main crane of the tower respectively, so that the plurality of blades are individually assembled to the blade mounting positions respectively. Because a plurality of blades are respectively and independently assembled on one side of the main crane of the tower frame, the transverse position of the main crane is basically kept unchanged, the operation steps of the main crane are simplified, the structure and the control method of the blade lifting appliance are relatively simple, the assembly efficiency of the blades is higher, and the optimal balance between the assembly cost and the assembly efficiency of the blades is realized.

In another aspect, the present invention provides a unidirectional rotating apparatus for rotating a hub, including: a fixing member fixed to the fixing member; the rotating wheel is coaxially connected with the hub, and a plurality of bearing parts which are distributed at intervals are arranged on the rotating wheel along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel; the linear transmission mechanism is connected with the fixing piece, is separably connected with the bearing part, and drives the rotating wheel to intermittently rotate along a preset direction through the telescopic action along the self axial direction; and the stop piece is connected with the fixed piece and is jointed with the bearing part so as to limit the rotating wheel to rotate in the direction opposite to the preset direction.

According to one aspect of the invention, the linear actuator has a first end and a second end, the first end is movably connected with the fixed member, the second end is provided with a first connecting portion, and the linear actuator is detachably connected with the bearing portion through the first connecting portion.

According to one aspect of the invention, the stopper has a third end and a fourth end, the third end being movably connected to the fixed member, the fourth end being provided with a second connecting portion, the stopper being detachably engaged with the carrier portion through the second connecting portion.

According to one aspect of the invention, the bearing parts are ratchets which are uniformly and alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel, the ratchets have asymmetrical tooth profiles, and the tooth surface inclination direction of the ratchets is opposite to the rotating direction of the rotating wheel.

According to one aspect of the invention, the linear actuator passes through the first gear when it extends axially along itselfThe joint of the connecting part and the bearing part pushes the rotating wheel to drive the hub to rotate by a preset stroke angle

The stop piece is respectively contacted with the tooth surface of at least one bearing part through the second connecting part; when the linear transmission mechanism retracts in the self-axial direction, the first connecting part moves from one bearing part to the other bearing part, and the stop piece is in contact with the tooth surface of one of the bearing parts to limit the rotating wheel to rotate in the direction opposite to the preset direction.

According to an aspect of the invention, a pitch angle θ of the bearing portion with respect to a center axis of the rotor satisfies the following condition: θ =30 °/n, predetermined stroke angle

The following conditions are satisfied:

wherein m and n are positive integers.

According to one aspect of the invention, the stop member is a rigid member having a predetermined length.

According to one aspect of the invention, an elastic member is further provided between the fourth end of the stopper and the fixed member.

According to one aspect of the invention, the linear transmission mechanism comprises at least one actuator capable of outputting linear reciprocating motion, and the actuator is a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator or an electric actuator.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the unidirectional rotation device includes two or more linear actuators and/or two or more stoppers, and the two or more linear actuators simultaneously extend and contract in the predetermined direction.

According to the unidirectional rotating device provided by the invention, the fixing piece, the rotating wheel coaxially connected with the impeller, the linear transmission mechanism and the stopping piece are arranged between the fixing piece and the rotating wheel, so that the hub is driven to intermittently rotate along the preset direction and the reverse rotation of the hub is limited, the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the hub can be assisted, and the safety of the blade installation process is improved. In addition, because the unidirectional rotation device does not need to be provided with a braking unit to transmit load, the structure and the control process of the whole unidirectional rotation device are simple, the cost is low, and the unidirectional rotation device is easy to realize.

Drawings

Features, advantages and technical effects of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings, like parts are designated with like reference numerals, and the drawings are not drawn to scale.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a block flow diagram of a method for assembling a blade of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an effect schematic diagram of a first blade being installed according to the blade hoisting process of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the effect of the blade lifting procedure according to FIG. 2 after rotating the nacelle using a yaw system;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the effect of installing a second blade according to the blade hoisting step of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the effect of the blade lifting procedure according to FIG. 2 after rotating the nacelle using a yaw system;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating the effect of installing a third blade according to the blade hoisting step in the blade assembly method of FIG. 2;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a locking device of a generator in the wind turbine generator system shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view illustrating an assembly effect of a generator and a unidirectional rotating device of the wind turbine generator system shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a unidirectional rotating apparatus provided in the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 11 is an enlarged structural view of a region C in fig. 10;

FIG. 12 is a block flow diagram of another method for assembling a blade of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the invention.

Description of reference numerals:

an M-generator; w-impeller; h-hub; r-a rotor; s-a stator; a T-tower; b-a base; c-engine room; c1-cabin cover; c2-base; l1-first leaf; l2-second leaf; l3-third leaf; s1, locking a pin; r1-keyhole;

1-a fixing piece; 2-rotating wheel; 21-a carrier; 3-a linear transmission mechanism; 31-a first end; 32-a second end; 321-a first connection; 4-a stop; 41-a third end; 42-a fourth end; 421-second connection portion.

Detailed Description

Features and exemplary embodiments of various aspects of the present invention will be described in detail below. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It will be apparent, however, to one skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without some of these specific details. The following description of the embodiments is merely intended to provide a better understanding of the present invention by illustrating examples of the present invention. In the drawings and the following description, well-known structures and techniques, at least in part, are not shown in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention; also, the size of the region structures may be exaggerated for clarity. Furthermore, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

The following description is given with reference to the orientation words as shown in the drawings, and is not intended to limit the specific structure of the present invention. In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as being either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as appropriate to those of ordinary skill in the art.

For better understanding of the present invention, a method for assembling a blade of a wind turbine generator system and a unidirectional rotation device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 12.

Referring to fig. 1, a structure of a wind turbine is shown. The invention takes a direct-drive wind generating set as an example to describe an assembly method of a single blade, wherein the wind generating set comprises: foundation B, tower T, nacelle C, generator M, and impeller W. The foundation B is located at a machine position, the tower T is arranged above the foundation B, the cabin C is located at the top end of the tower T, and the impeller W is connected with the generator M and is fixed to the cabin C together.

The nacelle C includes a nacelle cover C1 and a base C2, and as shown in fig. 9, the base C2 is a load-bearing structural member, and is usually formed by casting cast iron or welding steel plates. The base C2 is connected with the stator S and provides support for the stator S; the base C2 is usually fixed to the tower T, but can rotate relative to the axis of the tower T, i.e. the yaw system controls the nacelle C to rotate around the axis of the tower T in the horizontal plane, so as to realize the yaw movement.

The impeller W includes a hub H and at least three blades, e.g., a first blade L1, a second blade L2, and a third blade L3, mounted to the hub H, as shown in fig. 1. Three blade installation positions are correspondingly arranged on the hub H and are uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction, namely, the three blades are circumferentially spaced by 120 degrees, and the three blades are correspondingly installed on the three blade installation positions respectively. The generator M includes a rotor R and a stator (not shown in the drawings), and the present invention takes the structure of the outer rotor and the inner stator as an example, the rotor R is sleeved outside the stator and rotatably connected with the stator, and the stator is fixedly connected with the base C2, and the stator is supported by the base C2. The rotor R is fixedly connected with the hub H, so that the rotor R can rotate synchronously with the hub H.

To facilitate assembly of the individual blades to the hub H at the top of the tower T, both inclined and horizontal blade assembly are typically used. The following specifically describes the present invention.

When the blades are assembled in an inclined manner, the single blade is inserted into the corresponding blade mounting position of the hub H in an inclined manner relative to the horizontal plane; when the blades are assembled horizontally, the individual blades are inserted into the blade mounting positions of the hub H in a horizontal posture parallel to the horizontal plane. Under the condition that the transverse position of the main crane is not changed, in order to reduce the types of the blade lifting appliance, all three blades can be assembled in an inclined assembly mode, and also can be assembled in a horizontal assembly mode; of course, the blade can be assembled by changing different blade hangers and combining the blade inclination assembly and the horizontal assembly.

Whether the blades are assembled in an inclined posture or a horizontal posture, the blade mounting position of the hub needs to be adjusted to a proper pre-mounting position and fixed.

Taking the existing direct-drive wind generating set as an example, a process of independently assembling three blades to a hub in a horizontal posture is described. When the blades are hoisted horizontally, a barring device is generally required to be equipped, the first blade installation position is adjusted to the pre-installation position through the barring device or the pre-adjusted hub hoisting posture, the first blade is installed on a hub H in a horizontal state, and the hub H is driven to rotate by 120 degrees through the barring device, so that the second blade installation position is adjusted to the pre-installation position; then, the second blade is installed on the hub H in a horizontal state, the hub H is driven to rotate by 120 degrees again through the turning gear, so that the installation position of the third blade is adjusted to the pre-installation position, and finally, the third blade is installed on the hub H in a horizontal state. The blade horizontal installation, the blade hoist is simple relatively, and the security is better.

However, in the process that the barring gear drives the hub H to rotate 120 °, the installed first blade rotates from one side of the tower T to the other side of the tower T, and the gravity moment direction of the blade itself is changed. That is, when the blades rotate from the horizontal position on one side of the tower to the downward vertical position, the rotation direction of the barring gear is the same as the gravity moment direction of the first blade, and in order to enable the hub H to rotate stably, the barring gear mainly represents the gravity moment for "supporting" the first blade; when the first blade rotates to the position with the included angle of 30 degrees with the vertical position from the downward vertical position to the other side of the tower, the rotating direction of the barring gear is opposite to the gravity moment direction of the first blade, and in order to enable the hub H to stably rotate, the barring gear mainly shows the gravity moment for pulling the first blade; thus, the barring gear requires both the gravitational moment to "support" the blade and the bidirectional requirement to "pull" the blade. The bidirectional stressed barring gear can be generally realized by two telescopic linear motion structures, and the structure makes the overall structure and control of the barring gear complicated. In addition, the hub H rotates 120 ° each time for a long time, and the time cost of the operation is high. For example, in a 6MW permanent-magnet direct-drive wind turbine, the turning gear drives the hub H to rotate 120 ° for about 2 hours.

Therefore, the blade assembly process is systematically considered, the characteristics of a main crane, a blade lifting appliance, a barring gear and a yaw system of a unit are fully utilized, the blades are expected to be assembled independently at lower cost and higher efficiency, and the optimal balance point of the system design is selected as far as possible.

The embodiment of the invention provides a blade assembling method of a wind generating set, which is particularly suitable for a direct-drive wind generating set. The wind generating set comprises a cabin C positioned at the top end of a tower T, a generator M and an impeller W, wherein the impeller W comprises a hub H and at least three blades, the hub H is provided with at least three blade mounting positions corresponding to the blades along the circumferential direction, and the blade assembling method comprises the following steps:

the blade mounting positions corresponding to the first blade are positioned on one side of a main crane of the tower T by rotating the hub H, the blade mounting positions corresponding to the other blades are respectively positioned on one side of the main crane of the tower T by rotating the hub H and the nacelle C, and at least three blades are respectively assembled to the blade mounting positions.

Optionally, when the hub H is rotated, the blades mounted on the hub H are hoisted by the main crane and the blade hoist to drive the hub H to rotate around its own axis; or, the hub H is driven to rotate around the axial direction of the hub H by a unidirectional rotation device coaxially connected with the rotor R of the generator M.

Alternatively, when the nacelle C is rotated, the nacelle C is driven to rotate around the tower T in the axial direction by a yaw system provided in the nacelle C.

Thus, by rotating the hub H and/or the nacelle C, at least three blade mounting positions are rotated to appropriate mounting positions, respectively, while minimizing lateral movement of the main crane, so that the rotation angle is minimized, and the assembly efficiency is improved.

According to the blade assembling method of the wind generating set, provided by the embodiment of the invention, the blade installation position corresponding to the first blade is positioned at one side of a main crane of a tower T by rotating a hub H; by rotating the hub H and the nacelle C, the blade attachment positions of the blades other than the first blade are positioned on the main crane side of the tower T, and the plurality of blades are individually assembled to the blade attachment positions. Because a plurality of blades are respectively and independently assembled on one side of the main crane of the tower T, the transverse position of the main crane is basically kept unchanged, the operation steps of the main crane are simplified, the structure and the control method of the blade lifting appliance are relatively simple, the assembly efficiency of the blades is higher, and the optimal balance between the assembly cost and the assembly efficiency of the blades is realized.

The following describes in detail specific steps of a method for assembling a blade of a wind turbine generator system according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 2 to 8, for convenience of description, in the embodiment of the present invention, the impeller W includes a first blade L1, a second blade L2, and a third blade L3, and the hub H includes a first blade mounting location, a second blade mounting location, and a third blade mounting location.

Specifically, the blade assembling method provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:

step S1: the hub H is rotated to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounted position on the main crane side of the tower T.

And hoisting the hub H to the generator M, coaxially connecting the hub H with a rotor R of the generator M, and rotating a first blade mounting position of the hub H to a pre-mounting position. This preinstallation position can ensure that first blade L1 assembles to first blade installation position with horizontal gesture, improves the equipment security of blade.

Step S2: the first blade L1 is assembled to the first blade mounting position in a horizontal posture.

The first blade L1 is hoisted to the hub H by the main crane and the blade hoist, and the first blade L1 is mounted to the first blade mounting position in a horizontal posture. Fig. 3 shows a schematic configuration after the first blade L1 is assembled in a horizontal posture.

And step S3: the hub H and nacelle C are rotated to position the second blade mounting location in the pre-installation position.

Optionally, a first blade L1 mounted on the hub H is hoisted by a main crane and a blade hoist to drive the hub H to rotate in a predetermined direction by a first predetermined angle, and the nacelle C is driven by a yaw system provided in the nacelle C to rotate around the axial direction of the tower T by a third predetermined angle to position a second blade mounting position at a pre-mounting position.

As shown in fig. 4, the predetermined direction is a clockwise direction as shown by an arrow in the figure, with reference to standing right in front of the wind turbine generator set. After the main crane and the blade lifting appliance are lifted to the first blade mounting position of the hub H, the blade lifting appliance is not released, but the self gravity of the first blade L1 and the lifting pulling force of the main crane and the blade lifting appliance are utilized to drive the hub H to rotate for a first preset angle along a preset direction, so that the second blade mounting position is in a pre-mounting position. At this time, the predetermined direction coincides with the direction of the gravitational moment of the first blade L1. Alternatively, when the first blade L1 is assembled to the first blade mount position in the horizontal posture, the first predetermined angle is 60 °.

After the first blade L1 drives the hub H to rotate by 60 ° in the predetermined direction under the combined action of the self-gravity and the lifting tension, the second blade installation position of the hub H can ensure that the second blade L2 is installed to the hub H in a horizontal posture, but the direction of the second blade L2 is opposite to or at a certain angle with the direction of the pre-installation position of the first blade L1, and the orientation of the hub H in the horizontal plane can be adjusted by the yaw system, that is, the second blade L1 rotates by a third predetermined angle, as shown by the arrow in fig. 5, so that the second blade L1 is substantially consistent with the pre-installation position of the first blade L1.

In the process of adjusting the installation position of the second blade after the first blade L1 is installed, driving devices such as a turning gear and the like are not needed, the gravity of the first blade L1 is mainly utilized, a main crane and a blade lifting appliance are used as auxiliary tools in a matched mode, and the operation is simple and easy to achieve.

The yaw system is activated to rotate the nacelle C about the axis of the tower T by a third predetermined angle, such that the first blade L1 is rotated from one side of the tower T to the other side of the tower T, i.e. the second blade mounting position on the side of the tower T remote from the main crane is rotationally adjusted to the side of the main crane. The third predetermined angle is related to the attitude of the nacelle C with respect to the main crane and may be, generally, between-120 deg. and 240 deg., without limitation.

Thus, the second blade mounting position of the hub H can ensure that the second blade L2 is mounted to the hub H in a horizontal posture, with the position of the main crane in the lateral direction being as unchanged as possible. Then the grip of the blade hanger on the first blade L1 is released and the blade hanger is separated from the first blade L1 by the main crane. The clamping or releasing of the first blade L1 by the blade sling may generally be achieved by remote control.

And step S4: the second blade L2 is assembled to the second blade installation site in a horizontal attitude.

The second blade L2 is hoisted to the hub H by means of a main crane and a blade hoist, and the second blade L2 is installed to the second blade installation site in a horizontal posture. Fig. 5 shows a schematic view of the structure after the second blade L2 is assembled in a horizontal attitude.

Step S5: the hub H and nacelle C are rotated to position the third blade mounting location in the pre-installation position.

After the second blade L2 is hoisted to the hub H in a horizontal posture and mounted, in order to ensure that the third blade L3 is also mounted to the hub H at substantially the same pre-mounting position, the yaw system is required to adjust the orientation of the hub H in the horizontal plane, i.e., to rotate by a fourth predetermined angle, as shown by the arrow in fig. 6, in order to reduce the moving process of the blade hanger with respect to the main crane and simplify the operating steps of the main crane.

Alternatively, the nacelle C is driven by the yaw system to rotate around the axial direction of the tower T by a fourth predetermined angle, and then the hub H is driven by a unidirectional rotation device (not shown) coaxially connected to the rotor R of the generator M to rotate in a predetermined direction by a second predetermined angle, so as to position the third blade mounting position on the main crane side of the tower T. The fourth predetermined angle may be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the third predetermined angle.

In the process that the one-way rotating device drives the hub H to rotate by a second predetermined angle along the predetermined direction, the resultant moment of the gravity moment of the first blade L1 and the gravity moment of the second blade L2 needs to be overcome. When the first blade L1 is located on the right side of the tower T, the gravity moment of the first blade L1 is thrust along the clockwise direction, the gravity moment of the second blade L2 is resistance along the counterclockwise direction, and the gravity moment of the second blade L2 is greater than the gravity moment of the first blade L1, so that the resultant moment of the two is resistance along the counterclockwise direction. At this time, the one-way rotating device drives the hub H to rotate in the clockwise direction to overcome the resultant gravity moment of the first blade L1 and the second blade L2.

When the first blade L1 is located on the left side of the tower T, the gravity moment of the first blade L1 and the gravity moment of the second blade L2 are both resistance forces in the counterclockwise direction, and the resultant moment of the two is still resistance force in the counterclockwise direction. At this time, the one-way rotating device drives the hub H to rotate still in the clockwise direction to overcome the resultant gravity moment of the first blade L1 and the second blade L2. After the unidirectional rotating device drives the hub H to rotate by a second preset angle along the preset direction, the third blade mounting position of the hub H can ensure that the blades are mounted to the hub H in a horizontal posture. Preferably, the second predetermined angle is 60 °.

In the process of rotating the hub H by the second predetermined angle along the predetermined direction, the unidirectional rotating device needs to overcome the resultant moment of the gravity moment of the first blade L1 and the gravity moment of the second blade L2, and the resultant moment is always counterclockwise. Therefore, the unidirectional rotation device does not need to change the driving direction to drive the hub H to rotate continuously along the predetermined direction, i.e. clockwise direction as shown by the arrow in fig. 6, so that unidirectional rotation is realized. Compared with the technical scheme that a turning gear capable of rotating in two directions needs to be equipped to overcome the gravity moment of single blade change in the prior art, the structure and the control method of the unidirectional rotation device can be simplified, and the cost of the unidirectional rotation device is further reduced.

Alternatively, the unidirectional rotation device drives the hub H to rotate intermittently in a predetermined direction, each time rotating by a predetermined stroke angle

And is

x is a positive integer.

In the embodiment of the invention, three blades are arranged on the hub H, the included angle of adjacent blades along the circumferential direction is 120 degrees, and the preset stroke angle is rotated every time

So set up, be convenient for control wheel hub H intermittent type rotates positive integer and reachs the preinstallation position. In addition, the hub H is bulky and heavy, and when two blades are mounted on the hub H, the hub H needs to be slowly rotated to prevent overturning. The unidirectional rotating device is arranged in an intermittent rotating mode, the hub H can be intermittently rotated in a preset direction at a slow rotating speed, and the safety of the blade mounting process is further improved. The operation principle of the unidirectional rotation device will be described in detail later.

It is understood that, in step S5, rotating the hub H and the nacelle C to position the third blade mount on the main crane side of the tower T further includes: the hub H is driven by the unidirectional rotating device coaxially connected with the rotor R of the generator M to rotate in the predetermined direction by a second predetermined angle, and then the nacelle C is driven by the yaw system to rotate around the axial direction of the tower T by a fourth predetermined angle, so that the third blade mounting position is located on one side of the main crane of the tower T, which is not described in detail.

Step S6: the third blade L3 is assembled to the third blade installation site in a horizontal posture.

The third blade L3 is hoisted to the hub H by using the main crane and the blade hoist, and the third blade L3 is installed to the third blade installation site in a horizontal posture. Fig. 7 shows a schematic view of the structure after the third blade L3 is assembled in a horizontal position.

Further optionally, in step S1, rotating the hub H to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounting position at the main crane side of the tower T comprises:

step S11: rotating a first blade mounting position of a hub H to a pre-mounting position;

step S12: maintaining the current attitude of the hub H, the hub H is assembled to the top end of the tower T by the hub hanger so that the pre-installation position of the hub H is located on the main crane side of the tower T.

Optionally, in step S1, rotating the hub H to position the first blade mount location on the main crane side of the tower T comprises:

step S11': assembling a hub H to the top end of a tower T through a hub lifting tool;

step S12': the first blade mounting location is positioned in the pre-mounting position by rotating the hub H. The hub H is driven in rotation, for example by a unidirectional rotation device coaxially connected to the rotor R of the generator M.

Alternatively, before step S2, step S4 and step S6, i.e., before the first blade L1, the second blade L2 and the third blade L3 are assembled to the corresponding blade mounting positions in the horizontal posture, respectively, it is necessary to lock the rotor R of the generator M and release the rotor R after step S2, step S4 and step S6. Locking or releasing the rotor R may be achieved by a locking device provided between the stator S and the rotor R of the generator M.

Referring to fig. 8, the generator M is generally provided with a locking device, the locking device includes a lock pin S1 disposed on the stator S and a lock hole R1 disposed on the rotor R, the lock pins S1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the stator S, and the lock holes R1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor R. The lock pin S1 can be controllably extended out of the lock pin S1 and inserted into the lock hole R1 under the action of electricity, hydraulic pressure and the like so as to lock the rotor R; alternatively, the lock pin S1 is withdrawn from the lock hole R1 to unlock the rotor R. The rotor R is normally in a locked state when the blades are mounted to the hub H.

Because the hub H is generally provided with three blades, and the included angle between adjacent blades in the circumferential direction is 120 °, in order to facilitate the control of the locking and unlocking of the rotor R, the angle between the adjacent lock holes R1 and the central axis of the rotor R is usually a positive integer multiple of 30 °.

Alternatively, the unidirectional rotation device may be detached from the generator M after the impeller W is assembled. In addition, the unidirectional rotation device can also be used as a part of the structure of the generator M, and the unidirectional rotation device can be used continuously when the blade is maintained in the follow-up process without being disassembled after the impeller W is assembled due to the simple structure of the unidirectional rotation device.

Therefore, in the blade assembling method of the wind generating set provided by the embodiment of the invention, the three blades are assembled in the horizontal posture, so that the safety of the blade assembling process is improved. And the transverse position of the main crane is basically kept unchanged, the operation steps of the main crane are simplified, and the occupied space in the blade assembling process is reduced. The first blade L1 and the second blade L2 can be respectively installed on the hub H in a horizontal posture only by using a main crane and a blade lifting appliance as auxiliary tools, and the blade lifting appliance is simple in structure and does not need a complex control method; when the third blade L3 is assembled, the third blade L3 can be assembled to the hub H in a horizontal posture by rotating the third blade L3 by a small angle in the same predetermined direction by the unidirectional rotation device. Because the unidirectional rotation device does not need to have a bidirectional rotation function, the design difficulty of the unidirectional rotation device can be reduced, and the control algorithm of the structure of the unidirectional rotation device is simplified. In addition, as the hub H only needs to rotate 60 degrees at most along the same preset direction, compared with the scheme of rotating the hub H120 degrees in the prior art, the rotation time of the hub H is shortened by nearly half, and the assembly efficiency of the impeller W is improved.

Referring to fig. 9, the embodiment of the present invention further provides a unidirectional rotation apparatus applied to the blade assembling method as described above. This unidirectional rotating device is used for rotating wheel hub H, and it includes: a fixed part 1, a rotating wheel 2, a linear transmission mechanism 3 and a stop piece 4.

The fixing member 1 is fixed to the fixing member. The stationary part may be, for example, the stator S of the generator M or the nacelle bedplate C2 supporting the stator S. The fixing member 1 may be made of metal such as steel or aluminum by casting, welding, machining, or the like, may be connected to a fixing member as an independent structural unit by bolting, welding, or the like, or may be a part of the fixing member itself.

The runner 2 is coaxially connected with the hub H, and the runner 2 is provided with a plurality of bearing parts 21 distributed at intervals along the circumferential direction of the runner 2. Alternatively, the runner 2 may be connected to the rotor R of the generator M by bolting, welding, etc., or may be a part of the rotor R, and the hub H is coaxially connected to the rotor R of the generator M, so that the runner 2 drives the hub H to rotate together with the central axis of the hub H.

The linear transmission mechanism 3 is connected with the fixed part 1 and detachably jointed with the bearing part 21, and drives the rotating wheel 2 to intermittently rotate along a preset direction through the telescopic action along the self axial direction.

The stopper 4 is connected to the mount 1 and engages with the bearing portion 21 to restrict the rotation of the wheel 2 in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction. The stopper 4 may be made of metal such as steel or aluminum by casting, welding, machining, etc., and prevents the runner 2 from rotating reversely due to external wind or gravity of the blade during the intermittent rotation of the runner 2 driving the hub H, thereby further improving the safety of blade installation.

Because the stop piece 4 in the unidirectional rotation device provided by the embodiment of the invention can limit the runner 2 to drive the hub H to rotate reversely, the design of the locking device in the generator M can be simplified, and the requirement of the locking force of the locking device is reduced, for example, the size of the lock pin S1 can be reduced, the material strength can be reduced, and the like.

According to the unidirectional rotation device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the fixing piece 1 connected with the stator S of the generator, the rotating wheel 2 coaxially connected with the rotor R, the linear transmission mechanism 3 and the stopping piece 4 arranged between the fixing piece 1 and the rotating wheel 2 are arranged, so that the rotor R can be driven to drive the hub H to intermittently rotate along the preset direction and simultaneously limit the reverse rotation of the hub H, the unidirectional intermittent rotation of the hub H can be assisted, and the safety of the blade installation process is improved. In addition, because the unidirectional rotation device does not need to be provided with a braking unit to transmit load, the structure and the control process of the whole unidirectional rotation device are simple, the cost is low, and the unidirectional rotation device is easy to realize.

Referring to fig. 10 and 11, the linear actuator 3 has a first end 31 and a second end 32, the first end 31 is movably connected to the fixing member 1, the second end 32 is provided with a first connecting portion 321, and the linear actuator 3 is detachably connected to the supporting portion 21 through the first connecting portion 321. Wherein the movable connection of the first end 31 and the fixing member 1 can be, for example, but not limited to, a pivot hinge or a ball hinge.

The stop member 4 has a third end 41 and a fourth end 42, the third end 41 is movably connected with the fixing member 1, the fourth end 42 is provided with a second connecting portion 421, and the stop member 4 is detachably jointed with the bearing portion 21 through the second connecting portion 421. The movable connection of the third end 41 and the fixing member 1 may be, for example, but not limited to, a pivot hinge or a ball hinge.

Alternatively, the bearing portion 21 of the runner 2 is a ratchet tooth distributed evenly and at intervals along the circumferential direction of the runner 2, the ratchet tooth has an asymmetrical tooth shape, such as a trapezoidal tooth, and the tooth surface of the ratchet tooth is inclined in the direction opposite to the rotating direction of the runner 2. For example, the wheel 2 is rotated in a counterclockwise direction as shown by an arrow in fig. 11, the tooth surface inclination direction of the bearing portion 21 is a clockwise direction, so that the stopper 4 restricts the wheel 2 from reversely rotating by the engagement of the second connection portion 421 with the bearing portion 21.

Thereby, when the linear transmission 3 is extended in its own axial direction, the wheel 2 is pushed to rotate the hub H by a predetermined stroke angle Φ by the engagement of the first connecting portion 321 with the bearing portion 21 of the wheel 2, and the stoppers 4 are respectively contacted with the tooth surfaces of at least one bearing portion 21 through the second connecting portion 421.

When the linear actuator 3 retracts in its own axial direction, the first connecting portion 321 moves from one bearing portion 21 to the other bearing portion 21, and the stopper 4 contacts the tooth surface of one of the bearing portions 21 through the second connecting portion 421 to restrict the hub H from rotating in the direction opposite to the predetermined direction.

When the linear transmission mechanism 3 extends out again along the self axial direction, the rotating wheel 2 can be continuously pushed to drive the hub H to rotate by a preset stroke angle phi through the joint of the first connecting part 321 and the other bearing part 21, and intermittent rotation is realized. The predetermined stroke angle phi is related to the pitch angle of the carrier portion 21.

Alternatively, the pitch angle θ of the bearing portion 21 with respect to the center axis of the rotor 2 satisfies the following condition: θ =30 °/n, and the predetermined stroke angle Φ satisfies the following condition: phi = m × theta; wherein m and n are both positive integers.

Because the hub H is generally provided with three blades, the included angle between adjacent blades in the circumferential direction is 120 °, in order to facilitate the rotation of the hub H to a predetermined position, the product of the pitch angle θ of the bearing portion 21 and the positive integer N is set to 30 °, which not only satisfies the tooth profile design of the bearing portion 21, but also facilitates the control of the intermittent rotation of the hub H for a positive integer number of times to reach a predetermined position for mounting the blades. The predetermined stroke angle phi at each time may be at least one pitch angle, or a plurality of pitch angles, to shorten the rotation time of the hub H.

Further, a joint portion 22 is formed between two adjacent bearing portions 21, and the first connecting portion 321 or the second connecting portion 421 is a cylindrical structure received in the joint portion 22. The first connecting portion 321 smoothly contacts with the tooth surface of the bearing portion 21 through the cylindrical outer surface thereof, and pushes the rotary wheel 2 to rotate; the second connection portion 421 moves along the tooth surface of each bearing portion 21 through the cylindrical outer surface thereof, thereby preventing the second connection portion 421 from being stuck during the rotation of the rotor 2.

Further, the stopper 4 is a rigid member having a predetermined length. For example, it may be a rigid rod, the third end 41 of the stop member 4 is movably connected to the fixing member 1, and the fourth end 42 is connected to the bearing portion 21 through the second connecting portion 421.

Optionally, an elastic member (not shown) is further disposed between the fourth end 42 of the stop member 4 and the fixing member 1. The elastic member may be, for example, a pneumatic spring so that the second connecting portion 421 is always in contact with one side tooth surface of the bearing portion 21.

A gap exists between the second connecting portion 421 and the engaging portion 22 due to machining errors, wear, and the like of the bearing portion 21. When the second connecting portion 421 is engaged with the bearing portion 21 to restrict the reverse rotation of the wheel 2, vibration, noise, etc. may occur and also the rotational angle accuracy of the wheel 2 may be affected. An elastic member is arranged between the fourth end 42 of the stop member 4 and the fixed member 1, so that the second connecting portion 421 is always kept in contact with the tooth surface of the bearing portion 21, and the rotation precision of the rotating wheel 2 is improved.

Further, the linear transmission mechanism 3 includes at least one actuator capable of outputting a linear reciprocating motion, and the actuator is a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator or an electric actuator. Preferably, the actuator is a hydraulic cylinder, and the linear transmission mechanism 3 is simplified in structure by being powered by an oil pump. As a further alternative, the linear actuator 3 may comprise a plurality of actuators working in parallel at the same time, so as to provide a safety redundancy for the linear actuator 3, and when one of the actuators fails, the other actuator may still output a telescopic motion.

In addition, the unidirectional rotating device provided by the embodiment of the invention can comprise more than two linear transmission mechanisms 3 and/or more than two stopping pieces 4, and the more than two linear transmission mechanisms 4 can simultaneously perform telescopic actions along the preset direction. More than two linear transmission mechanisms 4 and/or more than two stopping members 4 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel 2, so that the output torque or stopping torque of a single linear transmission mechanism 4 can be reduced, the volume of the single linear transmission mechanism 4 and/or the stopping members 4 can be reduced, and the like.

It can be understood that the unidirectional rotation device provided in the embodiment of the present invention may also be another unidirectional intermittent motion mechanism, for example, the rotating wheel 2 may also be an incomplete gear, the rotating wheel 2 is provided with a plurality of bearing portions 21 along the circumferential direction, the bearing portions 21 are involute gears, the first connecting portion 321 of the linear transmission mechanism 3 is a gear structure engaged with the bearing portions 21, and the like, and details are not described again.

Therefore, the process of driving the hub H to rotate by the predetermined angle in the predetermined direction by the unidirectional rotating device provided by the embodiment of the invention is as follows:

when the linear transmission mechanism 3 extends along its own axial direction, the first connecting portion 321 engages with the bearing portion 21 of the rotating wheel 2 to push the rotating wheel 2 to rotate by a predetermined stroke angle

The second connecting portion 421 of the stop member 4 then comes into contact with the tooth face of the at least one bearing portion 21;

when the linear actuator 3 retracts in the axial direction thereof, the first connecting portion 321 moves from one bearing portion 21 to the next bearing portion 21, and is ready for the next intermittent rotation.

The stopper 4 contacts the tooth surface of one of the bearing portions 21 through the second connecting portion 421 to restrict the hub H from rotating in the reverse direction. After the intermittent rotation for a plurality of times, the hub H and the first blade L1 rotate in the predetermined direction by a predetermined angle. The telescopic action of the linear transmission mechanism 3 and the locking and unlocking actions of the locking device can theoretically enable the rotating wheel 2 to continuously rotate along the preset direction; and because the existence of the stop piece 4, the runner 2 can not rotate greatly in the opposite direction, and the rotation stability of the hub H and the blades is improved.

Referring to fig. 12, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a blade assembling method of a wind turbine generator system, which is different from the blade assembling method described above in that a first blade L1 and a third blade L3 are respectively assembled to respective corresponding blade installation positions in an inclined posture, a second blade L2 is assembled to a second blade installation position in a horizontal posture, and a unidirectional rotation device is not required to assist in rotating a hub H in the whole assembling process.

Specifically, the blade assembly method includes:

step R1: the hub H is rotated to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounting position on the main crane side of the tower T. This pre-mount position can ensure that the first blade L1 is mounted to the first blade mount position of the hub H in an inclined posture.

And step R2: the first blade L1 is assembled to the first blade mounting position in an inclined posture.

After the first blade L1 is assembled to the first blade mounting position in an inclined posture, the clamping of the blade hanger to the first blade L1 is released, and the blade hanger is separated from the first blade L1 by the main crane. The clamping or releasing of the first blade L1 by the blade sling may generally be achieved by remote control. Alternatively, when the first blade L1 is assembled to the first blade mounting position in the inclined posture, the angle of inclination of the first blade L1 with respect to the horizontal plane is 30 ° upward.

And step R3: the hub H and nacelle C are rotated to position the second blade mounting location at another mounting location on the main crane side of the tower T.

This further mounting position may ensure that the second blade L2 is assembled to the second blade mounting position in a horizontal attitude. Alternatively, the first blade L1 mounted on the hub H is hoisted by the main crane and the blade hoist to drive the hub H to rotate in the first direction by a fifth predetermined angle, and the nacelle C is driven to rotate around the axial direction of the tower T by a seventh predetermined angle by a yaw system provided in the nacelle C to position the second blade mounting position at another mounting position on the main crane side of the tower T.

After the main crane and the blade hanger hoist the first blade L1 to be assembled to the first blade mounting position of the hub H in an inclined posture, the blade hanger is not released, but the hub H is driven to rotate by a fifth predetermined angle along the first direction by using the self-gravity of the first blade L1 and the hoisting tension of the main crane and the blade hanger, and the nacelle C is driven by the yaw system to rotate by a seventh predetermined angle around the axial direction of the tower T, so that the second blade mounting position is positioned at another mounting position on one side of the main crane of the tower T. The seventh predetermined angle is related to the attitude of the nacelle C with respect to the main crane, and may be, generally, between-120 ° and 240 °, without limitation.

At this time, the first direction coincides with the direction of the gravitational moment of the first blade L1. Optionally, the fifth predetermined angle is 60 °. The angle of inclination of the first blade L1 with respect to the horizontal is now 30 ° downwards, and the second blade mounting position ensures that the second blade L2 is assembled to the hub H in a horizontal attitude.

Step R4: the second blade L2 is assembled to the second blade installation site in a horizontal attitude.

The second blade L2 is installed to the second blade installation site of the hub H in a horizontal posture on the premise that the position of the main crane in the lateral direction is substantially maintained. Then the clamping of the second blade L2 by the blade hoist is released and the blade hoist is separated from the second blade L2 by the main crane.

And step R5: the hub H and nacelle C are rotated to position the third blade mounting location in the pre-installation position.

To ensure that the third blade L3 is also mounted to the hub H at substantially the same pre-mounted position, optionally, the second blade L2 mounted on the hub H is picked up by the main crane and blade hanger to bring the hub H and the first blade L1 mounted on the hub H to rotate in a direction opposite to the first direction by a sixth predetermined angle, and the nacelle C is driven to rotate around the axial direction of the tower T by a yaw system by an eighth predetermined angle to position the third blade mounting position on the main crane side of the tower T. Alternatively, the eighth predetermined angle may be equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the seventh predetermined angle. Optionally, the sixth predetermined angle is 30 °. At this time, the first blade L1 is vertically downward, the second blade L2 is located on the side of the tower T away from the main crane, and the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane is 30 ° upward, and the third blade mounting position is rotated to the pre-mounting position on the side of the main crane.

Step R6: the third blade L3 is assembled to the third blade mounting site in an inclined posture.

And under the premise that the position of the main crane along the transverse direction is basically kept unchanged, the third blade L3 is assembled to the third blade installation position in an inclined posture with the inclined angle of 30 degrees upwards relative to the horizontal plane. Then the clamping of the blade sling to the third blade L3 is released and the blade sling is separated from the third blade L3 by the main crane.

Further, in step R1, rotating the hub H to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounting position on the main crane side of the tower T comprises:

step R11: the first blade mounting position of the hub H is rotated to the pre-mounting position.

Step R12: the hub H is assembled to the top end of the tower T by a hub hanger so that the hub H's pre-installation position is located at the main crane side of the tower T, with the current attitude of the hub H maintained. This pre-mount position can ensure that the first blade L1 is mounted to the first blade mount position of the hub H in a tilted attitude.

Optionally, in step R1, rotating the hub H to position the first blade mounting location at a pre-mounting position on the main crane side of the tower T comprises:

step R11': assembling a hub H to the top end of the tower T through a hub lifting tool;

step R12': the first blade mounting location is positioned in the pre-mounting position by rotating the hub H. The hub H is driven in rotation, for example, by a unidirectional rotation device coaxially connected to the rotor R of the generator M. This pre-mount position can ensure that the first blade L1 is mounted to the first blade mount position of the hub H in an inclined posture.

In the blade assembly method of the wind turbine generator system according to the embodiment of the present invention, the first blade L1 and the third blade L3 are assembled to the hub H in the tilted posture, and the second blade L2 is assembled to the hub H in the horizontal posture. In the whole assembly process, the gravity of the blades is mainly utilized, the main crane and the blade lifting appliance are used as auxiliary tools to rotate the hub H in a matched mode, and the nacelle C is rotated through the yaw system, so that all the blades are mounted on the hub H on one side of the main crane of the tower T, the transverse position of the main crane can be kept basically unchanged, and the operation steps of the main crane are simplified. The blade assembling method fully utilizes the three-dimensional space position of the wind generating set, the hub H can be rotated without a barring gear such as a unidirectional rotating device in the whole process, the rotating angle of the hub H is small, the blade assembling efficiency is further improved, and the blade assembling cost is reduced.

It should be noted that the blade assembling method of the wind generating set provided in the embodiment of the present invention is not only applicable to the illustrated impeller W having three blades, but also applicable to an impeller W having more blades, and is not described again.

While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for assembling blades of a wind generating set, the wind generating set comprising a nacelle (C) at the top of a tower (T), a generator (M) and an impeller (W), the impeller (W) comprising a hub (H) and at least three blades, the hub (H) being provided circumferentially with at least three blade mounting locations corresponding to the blades, the method comprising:

-positioning the blade mounting location corresponding to a first blade on the main crane side of the tower (T) by turning the hub (H), -positioning the blade mounting locations corresponding to the remaining blades on the main crane side of the tower (T) by turning the hub (H) and the nacelle (C), respectively, -assembling at least three of the blades to the blade mounting locations, respectively,

the impeller (W) comprises a first blade (L1), a second blade (L2) and a third blade (L3), and the hub (H) comprises a first blade mounting position, a second blade mounting position and a third blade mounting position which correspond to each other; the blade assembly method includes:

rotating the hub (H) to position the first blade mounting location in a pre-mounted position on a main crane side of the tower (T);

-assembling the first blade (L1) to the first blade mounting position in a horizontal attitude;

rotating the hub (H) and the nacelle (C) to position the second blade mounting location in the pre-mounting position;

assembling the second blade (L2) to the second blade installation site in a horizontal attitude;

rotating the hub (H) and the nacelle (C) to position the third blade mounting location in the pre-mounting position;

assembling the third blade (L3) to the third blade mounting location in a horizontal attitude,

said rotating said hub (H) and said nacelle (C) to position said second blade mounting location in said pre-mounting position, comprising:

the first blade (L1) installed on the hub (H) is hoisted by the main crane and the blade hoist so as to drive the hub (H) to rotate by a first preset angle along a preset direction, and the nacelle (C) is driven to rotate by a third preset angle around the axial direction of the tower (T) by a yaw system arranged in the nacelle (C), so that the second blade installation position is located at the pre-installation position.

2. A method according to claim 1, wherein the blades mounted on the hub (H) are hoisted by the main crane and blade spreader to turn the hub (H) axially about itself; or the hub (H) is driven to rotate around the self axial direction by a unidirectional rotating device which is coaxially connected with the rotor (R) of the generator (M);

driving an axial rotation of the nacelle (C) around the tower (T) by means of a yaw system arranged within the nacelle (C).

3. A blade assembly method according to claim 1, wherein said rotating the hub (H) and the nacelle (C) to position the third blade mounting location in the pre-mounting position comprises:

the hub (H) is driven to rotate by a second preset angle along the preset direction through a one-way rotating device coaxially connected with a rotor (R) of the generator (M), and then the cabin (C) is driven to rotate by a fourth preset angle around the axial direction of the tower (T) through the yaw system;

or, the nacelle (C) is driven to rotate by a fourth preset angle around the axial direction of the tower (T) through the yaw system, and then the hub (H) is driven to rotate by a second preset angle along the preset direction through a one-way rotating device coaxially connected with the rotor (R) of the generator (M).

4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said unidirectional rotation means provides for intermittent rotation of said hub (H) along said predetermined direction, each time through a predetermined stroke angle

And is provided with

x is a positive integer.

5. A method according to claim 3, wherein the first blade (L1) mounted on the hub (H) is hoisted by the main crane and the blade spreader to turn the hub (H) in a predetermined direction by the first predetermined angle of 60 °;

and/or the second preset angle for driving the hub (H) to rotate along the preset direction through the one-way rotating device is 60 degrees.

6. The blade assembly method according to claim 1, wherein the impeller (W) comprises a first blade (L1), a second blade (L2) and a third blade (L3), the hub (H) comprising corresponding first, second and third blade mounting locations; the blade assembly method includes:

rotating the hub (H) to position the first blade mounting location in a pre-mounting position on the main crane side of the tower (T);

assembling the first blade (L1) to the first blade mounting location in a tilted attitude;

rotating the hub (H) and the nacelle (C) to position the second blade mounting location at another mounting location on the main crane side of the tower (T);

-assembling the second blade (L2) in a horizontal attitude to the second blade mounting location;

assembling the third blade (L3) to the third blade mounting location in an inclined attitude.

7. A blade assembly method according to claim 6, wherein said turning the hub (H) and the nacelle (C) to position the second blade mounting location at the main crane side of the tower (T) comprises:

the first blade (L1) arranged on the hub (H) is hoisted and connected through the main crane and the blade sling so as to drive the hub (H) to rotate for a fifth preset angle along the first direction, and a yaw system arranged in the cabin (C) drives the cabin (C) to rotate for a seventh preset angle around the axial direction of the tower (T) so as to arrange and position the second blade on one side of the main crane of the tower (T).

8. A blade assembly method according to claim 7, wherein said rotating the hub (H) and the nacelle (C) to position the third blade mounting location in the pre-mounting position comprises:

the second blade (L2) installed on the hub (H) is hoisted by the main crane and the blade hoist to drive the hub (H) and the first blade (L1) installed on the hub (H) to rotate by a sixth preset angle along a direction opposite to the first direction, and the cabin (C) is driven to rotate by an eighth preset angle around the axial direction of the tower (T) by the yaw system to position the third blade installation position at the pre-installation position.

9. A blade assembly method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein said turning the hub (H) to position the first blade mounting location in a pre-mounted position on a main crane side of the tower (T) comprises:

rotating the first blade mounting position of the hub (H) to the pre-mounting position;

maintaining the current attitude of the hub (H), assembling the hub (H) to the top end of the tower (T) by a hub hanger so that the pre-installation position of the hub (H) is located on the main crane side of the tower (T).

10. A blade assembly method according to claim 1 or 6, wherein said turning the hub (H) to position the first blade mounting location in a pre-mounting position on the main crane side of the tower (T) comprises:

assembling the hub (H) to the top end of the tower (T) by means of a hub spreader;

positioning the first blade mounting location in the pre-mounting position by rotating the hub (H).

11. The blade assembly method according to claim 8, wherein the first blade (L1) is inclined at an angle of 30 ° upward with respect to a horizontal plane when the first blade (L1) is assembled to the first blade mounting position in an inclined posture;

and/or the first blade (L1) mounted on the hub (H) is hoisted by the main crane and the blade hoist, so that the fifth preset angle for driving the hub (H) to rotate along the first direction is 60 degrees;

and/or the second blade (L2) mounted on the hub (H) is hoisted by the main crane and the blade hoist to drive the hub (H) and the first blade (L1) mounted on the hub (H) to rotate by the sixth predetermined angle of 30 degrees in a direction opposite to the first direction.

12. A unidirectional rotation device, characterized in that it is used to rotate a hub (H), and it comprises:

a fixing member (1) fixed to the fixing member;

the rotating wheel (2) is coaxially connected with the hub (H), and a plurality of bearing parts (21) which are distributed at intervals are arranged on the rotating wheel (2) along the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel;

the linear transmission mechanism (3) is connected with the fixing piece (1), is separably connected with the bearing part (21), and drives the rotating wheel (2) to intermittently rotate along a preset direction through the telescopic action along the self axial direction;

a stopper (4) connected to the mount (1) and engaged with the bearing portion (21) to restrict rotation of the wheel (2) in a direction opposite to the predetermined direction.

13. A unidirectional rotation device according to claim 12, characterized in that the linear transmission mechanism (3) has a first end (31) and a second end (32), the first end (31) is movably connected with the fixed member (1), the second end (32) is provided with a first connection portion (321), and the linear transmission mechanism (3) is detachably engaged with the bearing portion (21) through the first connection portion (321).

14. A unidirectional rotation device according to claim 12, characterized in that the stop member (4) has a third end (41) and a fourth end (42), the third end (41) being movably connected to the fixed member (1), the fourth end (42) being provided with a second connection portion (421), and the stop member (4) being detachably engaged with the bearing portion (21) through the second connection portion (421).

15. A unidirectional rotation device according to claim 12, characterized in that the bearing portions (21) are ratchet teeth distributed uniformly and at intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating wheel (2), the ratchet teeth have asymmetrical tooth profiles, and the tooth faces of the ratchet teeth are inclined in the direction opposite to the rotation direction of the rotating wheel (2).

16. A unidirectional rotation device according to claim 13, characterized in that the linear transmission mechanism (3) when axially extended in itself pushes the wheel (2) to rotate by a predetermined stroke angle through the engagement of the first connection portion (321) with the bearing portion (21)

And the stop piece (4) is respectively contacted with the tooth surface of at least one bearing part (21);

when the linear transmission mechanism (3) retracts along the self axial direction, the first connecting part (321) moves from one bearing part (21) to the other bearing part (21), and the stop piece (4) is in contact with the tooth surface of one bearing part (21) to limit the rotation of the rotating wheel (2) along the direction opposite to the preset direction.

17. A unidirectional rotation device as claimed in claim 16, characterized in that the pitch angle Θ of the bearing portion (21) relative to the centre of the rotor (2) satisfies the condition: θ =30 °/n; the predetermined stroke angle

The following conditions are satisfied:

wherein m and n are positive integers.

18. A unidirectional rotating device according to claim 12, wherein the stopper (4) is a rigid member having a predetermined length.

19. A unidirectional rotation device according to claim 14, characterized in that an elastic member is further arranged between the fourth end (42) of the stop member (4) and the fixed member (1).

20. A unidirectional rotating device according to claim 12, wherein the linear transmission mechanism (3) comprises at least one actuator capable of outputting linear reciprocating motion, and the actuator is a hydraulic actuator, a pneumatic actuator or an electric actuator.

21. A unidirectional rotating device according to claim 12, characterized in that it comprises more than two said linear transmission mechanisms (3) and/or more than two said stop members (4), and that said more than two linear transmission mechanisms (3) are telescopically operated simultaneously in said predetermined direction.