CN113106274A - Preparation method of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy - Google Patents
Preparation method of wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy, which comprises the steps of material preparation, heating and melting, secondary filling, slag skimming, refining and sampling. The invention improves the content of silicon element to 80-95%, uses simple substance silicon as main raw material, and uses aluminum, copper, nickel and tin as auxiliary elements, thereby effectively improving the strength of the prepared alloy which is much higher than that of the alloy obtained by the traditional element proportioning.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal preparation, in particular to a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy.
Background
The silicon element in the aluminum alloy is one of elements for strengthening the matrix structure, and the silicon element mainly strengthens the matrix by forming an intermetallic compound strengthening phase composition;
the silicon-aluminum alloy prepared in the existing market has low silicon content, mainly takes aluminum as a main metal element, so that the prepared alloy has strong plasticity, but the strength is weaker than the plasticity.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy, which aims to solve the problem of low strength in the background technology.
The invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, batching: the formula of the raw materials for preparing the high-silicon alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of silicon block, 1-5 parts of aluminum ingot, 1-3 parts of copper plate, 2-4 parts of tin ingot, 2-5 parts of nickel block and 10-14 parts of powdery flux;
s2, grinding the silicon block in the step S1 into silicon micro powder, pouring the ground silicon micro powder into an electric heating furnace to realize heating at 1330-1420 ℃, so as to realize melting of silicon, reducing the temperature of the electric heating furnace to 760-820 ℃, sequentially putting the electric heating furnace into a copper plate and an aluminum ingot, flatly charging the furnace materials, ensuring that the melting speed of each part in the furnace is approximately the same, and preventing the problem of local metal overheating caused by overweight;
s3, in the process of melting raw materials, along with the temperature rise in the furnace, especially when the furnace burden begins to melt, the oxide film covered on the surface of the outer layer of the metal is easy to break, the protection effect on the metal is lost, gas easily invades at the moment, the metal in the furnace is further oxidized, the molten liquid or liquid flow needs to flow to the furnace bottom, when liquid drops or liquid flow enters the bottom and is gathered, the oxide film on the surface is mixed into the weight of the melt, in order to prevent the metal from further oxidizing and reduce the oxide film entering the melt, half of the dose of the powdery flux prepared in advance is uniformly covered on the outer surface of the melt when the furnace burden is heated and softened, and the problem of metal suction in the process of melting is reduced;
s4, when the furnace burden is partially melted, heating the electric heating furnace to the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃, namely uniformly adding tin ingots and nickel blocks into the liquid, wherein the melt in the furnace body can submerge the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are dissolved in the aluminum alloy melt, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too early, the aluminum alloy melt does not cover the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the burning loss degree of the tin ingots and the nickel blocks is increased, and meanwhile, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too late, the glowing time is prolonged, and the chemical component control of the alloy is influenced;
s5, during the melting process, attention needs to be paid to prevent the melt from overheating, meanwhile, local overheating inside the electric heating furnace is avoided, and when the furnace burden is melted, the melt is properly stirred, so that the temperature inside the electric heating furnace is uniform and consistent, and the accelerated melting is facilitated;
s6, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the electric heating furnace and the temperature of the melt reaches the melting temperature, removing a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt, and simultaneously scattering the residual powdery flux on the surface of the melt to separate the oxidation slag from metal, so that slag removal is facilitated, a small amount of metal can be taken away, the slag removal process is carried out stably, and the oxidation slag is prevented from being drawn into the bottom of the melt;
and S7, stopping heating after the step S6 is completed, preserving heat for 3-6 hours, and realizing sampling operation in the heat preservation process.
Preferably, the stirring in the step S5 should be performed smoothly without being stressed by large waves to prevent the oxide film from being entangled in the melt.
Preferably, after the melt is refined and the surface scum is removed, the metal melt can be injected into a standing furnace to prepare for casting when the temperature is proper.
Preferably, the sampling step of S7 specifically includes sampling sites for rapid analysis of samples, taking one set of samples at the center of each of the two doors, and taking two sets of samples at the center height of the melt inside the electric heating furnace.
Preferably, the sample spoon is preheated before sampling, and the sample spoon is made of stainless steel and coated with paint on the outer surface.
Preferably, the specific component of the powdery flux is a mixture of potassium chloride powder and sodium chloride powder, and the weight of the potassium chloride powder and the weight of the sodium chloride powder are set to be the same.
Preferably, the silicon block is prepared by heating silicon dioxide and carbon at a high temperature to generate elemental silicon and carbon monoxide gas, taking out silicon, and introducing oxygen to convert carbon monoxide into carbon dioxide gas.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention improves the content of silicon element to 80-95%, uses simple substance silicon as main raw material, and uses aluminum, copper, nickel and tin as auxiliary elements, thereby effectively improving the strength of the prepared alloy which is much higher than that of the alloy obtained by the traditional element proportioning.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, batching: the formula of the raw materials for preparing the high-silicon alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a silicon block by using 80 parts of a silicon block, 1 part of an aluminum ingot, 1 part of a copper plate, 2 parts of a tin ingot, 2 parts of a nickel block and 10 parts of a powdery flux, wherein the specific component of the powdery flux is a mixture of potassium chloride powder and sodium chloride powder, the potassium chloride powder and the sodium chloride powder are arranged in the same way, the silicon dioxide and carbon are heated at high temperature to generate simple substance silicon and carbon monoxide gas, oxygen is introduced after the silicon is taken out, the carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide gas, and the problem that bubbles in metal liquid are increased due to the fact that the silicon dioxide generates gas through a chemical reaction in an electric heating furnace is solved;
s2, grinding the silicon blocks in the step S1 into silicon powder, pouring the ground silicon powder into an electric heating furnace to heat up to 1330 ℃, so that silicon is melted, reducing the temperature of the electric heating furnace to 760 ℃, sequentially placing a copper plate and an aluminum ingot, flatly charging furnace materials, ensuring that the melting speed of each part in the furnace is approximately the same, and preventing the problem of local metal overheating caused by overweight;
s3, in the process of melting raw materials, along with the temperature rise in the furnace, especially when the furnace burden begins to melt, the oxide film covered on the surface of the outer layer of the metal is easy to break, the protection effect on the metal is lost, gas easily invades at the moment, the metal in the furnace is further oxidized, the molten liquid or liquid flow needs to flow to the furnace bottom, when liquid drops or liquid flow enters the bottom and is gathered, the oxide film on the surface is mixed into the weight of the melt, in order to prevent the metal from further oxidizing and reduce the oxide film entering the melt, half of the dose of the powdery flux prepared in advance is uniformly covered on the outer surface of the melt when the furnace burden is heated and softened, and the problem of metal suction in the process of melting is reduced;
s4, when the furnace burden is partially melted, heating the electric heating furnace to 1000 ℃, namely uniformly adding tin ingots and nickel blocks into the liquid, wherein the melt in the furnace body can submerge the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are dissolved in the aluminum alloy melt, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too early, the aluminum alloy melt does not cover the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the burning loss degree of the tin ingots and the nickel blocks is increased, and meanwhile, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too late, the blooming time is prolonged, and the chemical component control of the alloy is influenced;
s5, during melting, attention needs to be paid to prevent the melt from overheating, meanwhile, local overheating inside the electric heating furnace is avoided, after furnace burden is melted, the melt is properly stirred, so that the temperature inside the electric heating furnace is uniform and consistent, the melting is accelerated, the operation is stable, large waves are not stressed, and an oxide film is prevented from being rolled into the melt;
s6, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the electric heating furnace and the temperature of the melt reaches the melting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt can be removed, and meanwhile, the residual powdery fusing agent is scattered on the surface of the melt, so that the oxidation slag is separated from metal, the slag removal is facilitated, a small amount of metal can be brought, the slag removal process is carried out stably, the oxidation slag is prevented from being drawn into the bottom of the melt, and when the melt is refined and the surface scum is removed, the metal melt can be injected into a standing furnace to prepare for casting when the temperature is appropriate;
and S7, after the step S6 is completed, stopping heating, preserving heat for 3 hours, and realizing sampling operation in the heat preservation process, wherein the sampling operation specifically comprises the steps of quickly analyzing the representative sampling part of the sample, respectively taking a group of samples at the central parts of two furnace doors, taking two groups of samples at the central height of the melt inside the electric heating furnace, preheating a sample spoon before sampling, and coating the sample spoon with a stainless steel sample spoon and the outer surface of the sample spoon.
The content of silicon element is improved to 80-95%, simple substance silicon is used as main raw material, and aluminum, copper, nickel and tin are used as auxiliary elements, so that the strength of the prepared alloy is effectively improved and is much higher than that of the alloy obtained by the traditional element proportioning.
Example 2
The invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, batching: the formula of the raw materials for preparing the high-silicon alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: the method comprises the following steps of preparing a silicon block by using 90 parts of silicon block, 2 parts of aluminum ingot, 2 parts of copper plate, 2 parts of tin ingot, 3 parts of nickel block and 12 parts of powdery flux, wherein the specific component of the powdery flux is a mixture of potassium chloride powder and sodium chloride powder, the potassium chloride powder and the sodium chloride powder are arranged in the same way, the silicon dioxide and carbon are heated at high temperature to generate simple substance silicon and carbon monoxide gas, oxygen is introduced after the silicon is taken out, the carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide gas, and the problem that bubbles in metal liquid are increased due to the fact that the silicon dioxide is used to generate gas through chemical reaction in an electric heating furnace is solved;
s2, grinding the silicon blocks in the step S1 into silicon micro powder, pouring the ground silicon micro powder into an electric heating furnace to heat 1400 ℃ to melt silicon, reducing the temperature of the electric heating furnace to 780 ℃, sequentially placing a copper plate and an aluminum ingot, flatly charging furnace materials, keeping the melting speed of each part in the furnace approximately the same, and preventing the problem of local metal overheating caused by overweight;
s3, in the process of melting raw materials, along with the temperature rise in the furnace, especially when the furnace burden begins to melt, the oxide film covered on the surface of the outer layer of the metal is easy to break, the protection effect on the metal is lost, gas easily invades at the moment, the metal in the furnace is further oxidized, the molten liquid or liquid flow needs to flow to the furnace bottom, when liquid drops or liquid flow enters the bottom and is gathered, the oxide film on the surface is mixed into the weight of the melt, in order to prevent the metal from further oxidizing and reduce the oxide film entering the melt, half of the dose of the powdery flux prepared in advance is uniformly covered on the outer surface of the melt when the furnace burden is heated and softened, and the problem of metal suction in the process of melting is reduced;
s4, when the furnace burden is partially melted, heating the electric heating furnace to 1050 ℃, namely uniformly adding tin ingots and nickel blocks into the liquid, wherein the melt in the furnace body can submerge the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are dissolved in the aluminum alloy melt, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too early, the aluminum alloy melt does not cover the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the burning loss degree of the tin ingots and the nickel blocks is increased, and meanwhile, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too late, the blooming time is prolonged, and the chemical component control of the alloy is influenced;
s5, during melting, attention needs to be paid to prevent the melt from overheating, meanwhile, local overheating inside the electric heating furnace is avoided, after furnace burden is melted, the melt is properly stirred, so that the temperature inside the electric heating furnace is uniform and consistent, the melting is accelerated, the operation is stable, large waves are not stressed, and an oxide film is prevented from being rolled into the melt;
s6, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the electric heating furnace and the temperature of the melt reaches the melting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt can be removed, and meanwhile, the residual powdery fusing agent is scattered on the surface of the melt, so that the oxidation slag is separated from metal, the slag removal is facilitated, a small amount of metal can be brought, the slag removal process is carried out stably, the oxidation slag is prevented from being drawn into the bottom of the melt, and when the melt is refined and the surface scum is removed, the metal melt can be injected into a standing furnace to prepare for casting when the temperature is appropriate;
and S7, after the step S6 is completed, stopping heating, preserving heat for 5 hours, and realizing sampling operation in the heat preservation process, wherein the sampling operation specifically comprises the steps of quickly analyzing the representative sampling part of the sample, respectively taking a group of samples at the central parts of two furnace doors, taking two groups of samples at the central height of the melt inside the electric heating furnace, preheating a sample spoon before sampling, and coating the sample spoon with a stainless steel sample spoon and the outer surface of the sample spoon.
The content of silicon element is improved to 80-95%, simple substance silicon is used as main raw material, and aluminum, copper, nickel and tin are used as auxiliary elements, so that the strength of the prepared alloy is effectively improved and is much higher than that of the alloy obtained by the traditional element proportioning.
Example 3
The invention provides a preparation method of a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, batching: the formula of the raw materials for preparing the high-silicon alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: 95 parts of silicon block, 5 parts of aluminum ingot, 3 parts of copper plate, 4 parts of tin ingot, 5 parts of nickel block and 14 parts of powdery flux, wherein the specific component of the powdery flux is a mixture of potassium chloride powder and sodium chloride powder, the potassium chloride powder and the sodium chloride powder are arranged in the same way, silicon dioxide and carbon are heated at high temperature to generate simple substance silicon and carbon monoxide gas, oxygen is introduced after silicon is taken out, the carbon monoxide is converted into carbon dioxide gas, and the problem that bubbles in metal liquid are increased due to the fact that the silicon dioxide generates gas through chemical reaction in an electric heating furnace is solved;
s2, grinding the silicon blocks in the step S1 into silicon micro powder, pouring the ground silicon micro powder into an electric heating furnace to heat 1420 ℃, so that silicon is melted, reducing the temperature of the electric heating furnace to 820 ℃, sequentially placing a copper plate and an aluminum ingot, flatly charging furnace materials, keeping the melting speed of each part in the furnace approximately the same, and preventing the problem of local metal overheating caused by overweight;
s3, in the process of melting raw materials, along with the temperature rise in the furnace, especially when the furnace burden begins to melt, the oxide film covered on the surface of the outer layer of the metal is easy to break, the protection effect on the metal is lost, gas easily invades at the moment, the metal in the furnace is further oxidized, the molten liquid or liquid flow needs to flow to the furnace bottom, when liquid drops or liquid flow enters the bottom and is gathered, the oxide film on the surface is mixed into the weight of the melt, in order to prevent the metal from further oxidizing and reduce the oxide film entering the melt, half of the dose of the powdery flux prepared in advance is uniformly covered on the outer surface of the melt when the furnace burden is heated and softened, and the problem of metal suction in the process of melting is reduced;
s4, when the furnace burden is partially melted, heating the electric heating furnace to 1100 ℃, and then uniformly adding tin ingots and nickel blocks into the liquid, wherein the melt in the furnace body can submerge the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are dissolved in the aluminum alloy melt, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too early, the aluminum alloy melt does not cover the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the burning loss degree of the tin ingots and the nickel blocks is increased, and meanwhile, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too late, the blooming time is prolonged, and the chemical component control of the alloy is influenced;
s5, during melting, attention needs to be paid to prevent the melt from overheating, meanwhile, local overheating inside the electric heating furnace is avoided, after furnace burden is melted, the melt is properly stirred, so that the temperature inside the electric heating furnace is uniform and consistent, the melting is accelerated, the operation is stable, large waves are not stressed, and an oxide film is prevented from being rolled into the melt;
s6, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the electric heating furnace and the temperature of the melt reaches the melting temperature, a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt can be removed, and meanwhile, the residual powdery fusing agent is scattered on the surface of the melt, so that the oxidation slag is separated from metal, the slag removal is facilitated, a small amount of metal can be brought, the slag removal process is carried out stably, the oxidation slag is prevented from being drawn into the bottom of the melt, and when the melt is refined and the surface scum is removed, the metal melt can be injected into a standing furnace to prepare for casting when the temperature is appropriate;
and S7, after the step S6 is completed, stopping heating, preserving heat for 6 hours, and realizing sampling operation in the heat preservation process, wherein the sampling operation specifically comprises the steps of quickly analyzing the representative sampling part of the sample, respectively taking a group of samples at the central parts of two furnace doors, taking two groups of samples at the central height of the melt inside the electric heating furnace, preheating a sample spoon before sampling, and coating the sample spoon with a stainless steel sample spoon and the outer surface of the sample spoon.
The content of silicon element is improved to 80-95%, simple substance silicon is used as main raw material, and aluminum, copper, nickel and tin are used as auxiliary elements, so that the strength of the prepared alloy is effectively improved and is much higher than that of the alloy obtained by the traditional element proportioning.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The preparation method of the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, batching: the formula of the raw materials for preparing the high-silicon alloy comprises the following components in parts by weight: 80-95 parts of silicon block, 1-5 parts of aluminum ingot, 1-3 parts of copper plate, 2-4 parts of tin ingot, 2-5 parts of nickel block and 10-14 parts of powdery flux;
s2, grinding the silicon block in the step S1 into silicon micro powder, pouring the ground silicon micro powder into an electric heating furnace to realize heating at 1330-1420 ℃, so as to realize melting of silicon, reducing the temperature of the electric heating furnace to 760-820 ℃, sequentially putting the electric heating furnace into a copper plate and an aluminum ingot, flatly charging the furnace materials, ensuring that the melting speed of each part in the furnace is approximately the same, and preventing the problem of local metal overheating caused by overweight;
s3, in the process of melting raw materials, along with the temperature rise in the furnace, especially when the furnace burden begins to melt, the oxide film covered on the surface of the outer layer of the metal is easy to break, the protection effect on the metal is lost, gas easily invades at the moment, the metal in the furnace is further oxidized, the molten liquid or liquid flow needs to flow to the furnace bottom, when liquid drops or liquid flow enters the bottom and is gathered, the oxide film on the surface is mixed into the weight of the melt, in order to prevent the metal from further oxidizing and reduce the oxide film entering the melt, half of the dose of the powdery flux prepared in advance is uniformly covered on the outer surface of the melt when the furnace burden is heated and softened, and the problem of metal suction in the process of melting is reduced;
s4, when the furnace burden is partially melted, heating the electric heating furnace to the temperature of 1000-1100 ℃, namely uniformly adding tin ingots and nickel blocks into the liquid, wherein the melt in the furnace body can submerge the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are dissolved in the aluminum alloy melt, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too early, the aluminum alloy melt does not cover the tin ingots and the nickel blocks, the burning loss degree of the tin ingots and the nickel blocks is increased, and meanwhile, if the tin ingots and the nickel blocks are added too late, the glowing time is prolonged, and the chemical component control of the alloy is influenced;
s5, during the melting process, attention needs to be paid to prevent the melt from overheating, meanwhile, local overheating inside the electric heating furnace is avoided, and when the furnace burden is melted, the melt is properly stirred, so that the temperature inside the electric heating furnace is uniform and consistent, and the accelerated melting is facilitated;
s6, when the furnace burden is fully melted in the electric heating furnace and the temperature of the melt reaches the melting temperature, removing a large amount of oxidation slag floating on the surface of the melt, and simultaneously scattering the residual powdery flux on the surface of the melt to separate the oxidation slag from metal, so that slag removal is facilitated, a small amount of metal can be taken away, the slag removal process is carried out stably, and the oxidation slag is prevented from being drawn into the bottom of the melt;
and S7, stopping heating after the step S6 is completed, preserving heat for 3-6 hours, and realizing sampling operation in the heat preservation process.
2. The method for preparing a wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the stirring in step S5 is performed smoothly without causing large waves to be generated, thereby preventing the oxide film from rolling into the melt.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the molten metal is poured into a static furnace at a proper temperature after the melt is refined and the dross is removed, so that the alloy is ready for casting.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of S7 sampling includes rapid analysis of representative sample locations, wherein two sets of samples are taken at the center of the two doors, and wherein two sets of samples are taken at the center of the melt inside the electric heating furnace.
5. The method for preparing a wear-resistant corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy according to claim 4, wherein the sample spoon is preheated before sampling, and the sample spoon is a stainless steel sample spoon and is coated with a coating on the outer surface thereof.
6. The method for preparing a wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant high-silicon aluminum alloy according to claim 1, wherein the powdered flux comprises a mixture of potassium chloride powder and sodium chloride powder, and the amounts of the potassium chloride powder and the sodium chloride powder are set to be the same.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the silicon briquette is prepared by heating silica and carbon at a high temperature to form elemental silicon and carbon monoxide gas, removing the silicon, and introducing oxygen to convert the carbon monoxide gas to carbon dioxide gas.
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| CN1730700A (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2006-02-08 | 田小钰 | Novel silicon base alloy |
| CN105671379A (en) * | 2016-03-10 | 2016-06-15 | 徐杰 | High-silicon aluminum alloy cylinder jacket material and preparation method thereof |
| CN109022951A (en) * | 2018-10-24 | 2018-12-18 | 广西大学 | A kind of wear-resistant complex al-si-based alloy and preparation method thereof |
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2021
- 2021-03-25 CN CN202110316605.1A patent/CN113106274A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1272165A (en) * | 1998-03-27 | 2000-11-01 | 株式会社丰田自动织机制作所 | Swash plate of swash plate compressor |
| US20050089755A1 (en) * | 2003-10-09 | 2005-04-28 | Keiko Matsubara | Electrode material for a lithium secondary battery, lithium secondary battery, and preparation method for the electrode material for a lithium secondary battery |
| CN1730700A (en) * | 2005-08-04 | 2006-02-08 | 田小钰 | Novel silicon base alloy |
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Application publication date: 20210713 |