CN103589918B - A kind of melting technology of end cap alloy - Google Patents
A kind of melting technology of end cap alloy Download PDFInfo
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- CN103589918B CN103589918B CN201310517489.5A CN201310517489A CN103589918B CN 103589918 B CN103589918 B CN 103589918B CN 201310517489 A CN201310517489 A CN 201310517489A CN 103589918 B CN103589918 B CN 103589918B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of melting technology of end cap alloy, by the charge preheating that will configure, carry out melting, add insulating covering agent, refining agent and alterant to process, melting technology is simple to operation, by rational furnace burdening order and the corresponding temperature of control, make alloy have higher hot-cracking resistance and resistance to air loss, mobility is better, not easily produces pore or pin hole during die casting end cap.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting technology field, particularly relate to a kind of melting technology of end cap alloy.
Background technology
End cap, is mounted in the casing such as motor, speed reduction unit end cap below, and primarily of lid, bearing, brush plate composition, the quality of end cap, directly has influence on the quality of motor, reducer motor.End cap utilizes die casting mode to make with alloy, although the alloy intensity of existing die casting end cap is high, good fluidity, corrosion-resistant, the pore that low, the easy generation of high-temperature capability is tiny, and the tendency of formation pin hole is comparatively large and melting technology is more complicated.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of hot-cracking resistance and resistance to air loss is higher, mobility is better, not easily produce the end cap alloy of pore or pin hole.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: a kind of melting technology of end cap alloy, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The first step: furnace charge is also carried out preheating by configuration furnace charge, gets the foundry returns of 49% by mass percentage, the silicon metal of 6%, the aluminium ingot of 45% is as furnace charge, and described foundry returns is the steel scrap containing 12% silicon and 0.4% iron, by described charge preheating to 300 DEG C;
Second step: smelting furnace is preheated to 200 ~ 300 DEG C;
3rd step: carry out melting, when smelting furnace temperature is 780 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, first adds described foundry returns, then adds described aluminium ingot, finally add described silicon metal, carries out stirring and carries out intensification to described smelting furnace and make load melting aluminium alloy fast;
4th step: add insulating covering agent in described aluminium alloy, forms the protective layer be separated with described aluminium alloy;
5th step: when described aluminium alloy temperature is down to 700 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C, to be pressed into refining agent at the bottom of described smelting furnace with Bell jar and slowly mobilely to carry out that refining is degassed to be left standstill afterwards;
6th step: Metamorphism treatment, gets the alterant powder accounting for described furnace charge total mass 2% and spreads on the described alloy liquid level of 720 DEG C ~ 740 DEG C of temperature, stirs and makes alterant powder and described aluminium alloy carry out metamorphic reaction, and scum;
7th step: temperature adjustment, when described aluminium alloy temperature is adjusted to 760 DEG C, comes out of the stove.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprise further in described 6th step and alterant described in powdery is first melted into liquid state, then poured in described aluminium alloy, fill while stir, make described alterant and described aluminium alloy carry out metamorphic reaction.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprising described insulating covering agent is further powdery, accounts for described furnace charge total mass 0.5%, and its main component is NaCl, the KCl of 50% of 39%, the Na3AlF6 of the CaF2 of 4.4% and 6.6% by mass percentage.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprise described refining agent further and account for described furnace charge total mass 0.5%, it is made up of hexachloroethane and titanium dioxide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprise further in described 5th step and leave standstill 10 ~ 15min after the degassed 10 ~ 12min of refining.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprising described alterant further adopts main component to be NaF, the NaCl of 62% of 25%, the ternary alterant of the KCl of 13%, described per-cent is mass percent, is carried out toasting alterant described in obtained powdery by described ternary alterant.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprise further and described ternary alterant put into stainless steel baking tray and form lump at 300 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C baking 3 ~ 4h, described lump is pulverized and sieves.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprise further and described lump is sieved in 40 object sieves.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprising the described step 6 mesometamorphism reaction times is further 16min.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, comprising described smelting furnace is further resistance furnace.
The invention solves the defect existed in background technology, the melting technology of end cap alloy of the present invention is simple to operation, by rational furnace burdening order and the corresponding temperature of control, choose insulating covering agent, refining agent and alterant to process, alloy is made to have higher hot-cracking resistance and resistance to air loss, mobility is better, not easily produces pore or pin hole during die casting end cap.
Embodiment
The present invention is further detailed explanation in conjunction with the embodiments now.
A melting technology for end cap alloy, comprises the following steps:
The first step: furnace charge is also carried out preheating by configuration furnace charge, gets the foundry returns of 49% by mass percentage, the silicon metal of 6%, the aluminium ingot of 45% is as furnace charge, and foundry returns is the steel scrap containing 12% silicon and 0.4% iron, by charge preheating to 300 DEG C, makes it still keep metallic forms.
Second step: smelting furnace is preheated to 200 ~ 300 DEG C, dehumidifies to smelting furnace on the one hand, can guarantee that the furnace charge put into subsequently is heated evenly on the other hand.
3rd step: carry out melting, when smelting furnace temperature is 780 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, first add foundry returns, add aluminium ingot again, finally add silicon metal, carry out stirring and intensification is carried out to smelting furnace make load melting aluminium alloy fast, because of aluminium in fusion process easily and other materials react, any constituent element adds and all can not to remove afterwards, according to foundry returns, the character of aluminium ingot and silicon metal and state, and thawing speed, scaling loss, the control of chemical composition, such order of addition(of ingredients) is set, scaling loss can be greatly reduced, increase non-metallic inclusion and air content when avoiding feeding in raw material simultaneously, body of heater also can be protected to damage from furnace charge adds fashionable direct impact together simultaneously.
4th step: add insulating covering agent in aluminium alloy, forms the protective layer be separated with aluminium alloy, and insulating covering agent has certain viscosity and surface tension, and easy globulate floats, and forms the protective layer be separated with aluminium alloy.In the present invention, insulating covering agent is powdery, account for furnace charge total mass 0.5%, its main component is NaCl, the KCl of 50% of 39%, the Na3AlF6 of the CaF2 of 4.4% and 6.6% by mass percentage, its fusing point lower than above-mentioned furnace charge, can not with furnace charge generation chemical reaction, little to the corrodibility of furnace wall, and water absorbability is little, harmful element can not be brought in aluminium alloy, and the gas in aluminium alloy can be removed, make aluminium alloy mobility better.
5th step: when aluminium alloy temperature being down to 700 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C, refining agent to be pressed at the bottom of smelting furnace with Bell jar and slowly mobilely to carry out that refining is degassed to be left standstill afterwards, refining agent accounts for furnace charge total mass 0.5%, it is made up of hexachloroethane and titanium dioxide, after press-in refining agent, after the degassed 10 ~ 12min of refining, leave standstill 10 ~ 15min.Aluminium alloy can be made after refining is degassed to have higher resistance to air loss, during die casting end cap, not easily produce pore or pin hole.
6th step: Metamorphism treatment, gets the alterant powder accounting for furnace charge total mass 2% and spreads on the alloy liquid level of 720 DEG C ~ 740 DEG C of temperature, stirs and makes alterant powder and aluminium alloy carry out metamorphic reaction; Also powdery alterant first can be melted into liquid state, then be poured in aluminium alloy, fill while stir, make alterant and aluminium alloy carry out metamorphic reaction, the reaction times is 16min.By Metamorphism treatment, reach the object of deoxidation and degasification, change crystallization distribution situation, carry heavy alloyed hot-cracking resistance.Alterant adopts main component to be NaF, the NaCl of 62% of 25%, the ternary alterant of the KCl of 13%, said per-cent is mass percent, ternary alterant is carried out toast obtained powdery alterant, the alterant possessing these moietys can form metal oxide as nucleus with the impurity in aluminium alloy, and after making Metamorphism treatment, aluminium alloy easily floats slagging scorification.Specifically this ternary alterant is put into stainless steel baking tray and form lump at 300 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C baking 3 ~ 4h, lump is pulverized and sieves in 40 object sieves.
7th step: temperature adjustment, when described aluminium alloy temperature is adjusted to 760 DEG C, comes out of the stove.
Preferably, according to the composition of above-mentioned furnace charge, the smelting furnace in the present invention is resistance furnace, and furnace temperature is even, is convenient to control, furnace charge can be made to be heated evenly.
According to above-mentioned melting step, choose the aluminium ingot of the foundry returns of 15kg, the silicon metal of 1.95kg and 13.68kg, fusiblely refine to obtain the alloy of 30kg, rate of founding is higher.
The melting technology of end cap alloy of the present invention is simple to operation, by rational furnace burdening order and the corresponding temperature of control, choose insulating covering agent, refining agent and alterant to process, alloy is made to have higher hot-cracking resistance and resistance to air loss, mobility is better, not easily produces pore or pin hole during die casting end cap.
Above according to desirable embodiment of the present invention for enlightenment, by above-mentioned description, related personnel in the scope not departing from this invention technological thought, can carry out various change and amendment completely.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on specification sheets, must determine technical scope according to right.
Claims (8)
1. a melting technology for end cap alloy, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The first step: furnace charge is also carried out preheating by configuration furnace charge, gets the foundry returns of 49% by mass percentage, the silicon metal of 6%, the aluminium ingot of 45% is as furnace charge, and described foundry returns is the steel scrap containing 12% silicon and 0.4% iron, by described charge preheating to 300 DEG C;
Second step: smelting furnace is preheated to 200 ~ 300 DEG C;
3rd step: carry out melting, when smelting furnace temperature is 780 DEG C ~ 800 DEG C, first adds described foundry returns, then adds described aluminium ingot, finally add described silicon metal, carries out stirring and carries out intensification to described smelting furnace and make load melting aluminium alloy fast;
4th step: add insulating covering agent in described aluminium alloy, forms the protective layer be separated with described aluminium alloy;
5th step: when described aluminium alloy temperature is down to 700 DEG C ~ 730 DEG C, to be pressed into refining agent at the bottom of described smelting furnace with Bell jar and slowly mobilely to carry out that refining is degassed to be left standstill afterwards;
6th step: Metamorphism treatment, gets the alterant powder accounting for described furnace charge total mass 2% and spreads on the described alloy liquid level of 720 DEG C ~ 740 DEG C of temperature, stirs and makes alterant powder and described aluminium alloy carry out metamorphic reaction, and scum;
7th step: temperature adjustment, when described aluminium alloy temperature is adjusted to 760 DEG C, comes out of the stove; Described refining agent accounts for described furnace charge total mass 0.5%, and it is made up of hexachloroethane and titanium dioxide; Described alterant adopts composition to be NaF, the NaCl of 62% of 25%, the ternary alterant of the KCl of 13%, and described per-cent is mass percent, is carried out toasting alterant described in obtained powdery by described ternary alterant.
2. the melting technology of a kind of end cap alloy according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described 6th step, alterant described in powdery is first melted into liquid state, be filled with again in described aluminium alloy, filled while stir, make described alterant and described aluminium alloy carry out metamorphic reaction.
3. the melting technology of a kind of end cap alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described insulating covering agent is powdery, accounts for described furnace charge total mass 0.5%, and its main component is NaCl, the KCl of 50%, the CaF of 4.4% of 39% by mass percentage
2with 6.6% Na
3alF
6.
4. the melting technology of a kind of end cap alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: leave standstill 10 ~ 15min after the degassed 10 ~ 12min of refining in described 5th step.
5. the melting technology of a kind of end cap alloy according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ternary alterant is put into stainless steel baking tray and form lump at 300 DEG C ~ 400 DEG C baking 3 ~ 4h, pulverized by described lump and sieve.
6. the melting technology of a kind of end cap alloy according to claim 5, is characterized in that: sieved in 40 object sieves by described lump.
7. the melting technology of a kind of end cap alloy according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the described step 6 mesometamorphism reaction times is 16min.
8. the melting technology of a kind of end cap alloy according to any one of claim 1 ~ 7, is characterized in that: described smelting furnace is resistance furnace.
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| CN104889678A (en) * | 2015-05-06 | 2015-09-09 | 吴芳吉 | Machining process of vehicle engine end cover |
| CN109097611A (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2018-12-28 | 海门市沪海有色铸造有限公司 | A kind of aluminum melting process |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1958818A (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2007-05-09 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Method for melting cast aluminum alloy |
| CN103060585A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-24 | 威瑞泰科技发展(宁波)有限公司 | Smelting method for Al-Mg-Mn-Cu-Ti aluminum alloy |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1958818A (en) * | 2005-11-02 | 2007-05-09 | 沈阳铸造研究所 | Method for melting cast aluminum alloy |
| CN103060585A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-24 | 威瑞泰科技发展(宁波)有限公司 | Smelting method for Al-Mg-Mn-Cu-Ti aluminum alloy |
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Effective date of registration: 20191216 Address after: 314209 inner North building, No.333 Linzhong Road, LindaI Industrial Park, Pinghu City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Jiaxing Zhapu hangwan Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd. Address before: 215213, 6, Longjiang Road, Fen Lake Economic Development Zone, Wujiang, Jiangsu, Suzhou Patentee before: Wujiang Casting Hydraulic Parts Foundry Co., Ltd. |
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Address after: 314209 inner North building, No.333 Linzhong Road, LindaI Industrial Park, Pinghu City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee after: Jiaxing Zhapu hangwan Heavy Machinery Co., Ltd Address before: 314209 inner North building, No.333 Linzhong Road, LindaI Industrial Park, Pinghu City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: JIAXING ZHAPU HANGWAN HEAVY MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. |
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