CN113092296A - Vickers microhardness meter infinite imaging system and binocular microhardness meter - Google Patents

Vickers microhardness meter infinite imaging system and binocular microhardness meter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113092296A
CN113092296A CN202110379046.9A CN202110379046A CN113092296A CN 113092296 A CN113092296 A CN 113092296A CN 202110379046 A CN202110379046 A CN 202110379046A CN 113092296 A CN113092296 A CN 113092296A
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China
Prior art keywords
imaging
pressure head
eyepiece
infinite
light path
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CN202110379046.9A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
陶兴泉
沈学习
徐志挺
杨先奎
周冬生
冯学芳
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Libo Xinyi Precision Electronics Chongqing Co ltd
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Chongqing Leeb Instrument Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110379046.9A priority Critical patent/CN113092296A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/40Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
    • G01N3/42Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by performing impressions under a steady load by indentors, e.g. sphere, pyramid
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N3/00Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
    • G01N3/02Details
    • G01N3/06Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
    • G01N3/068Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Lenses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of hardometers, and particularly discloses an infinite imaging system of a Vickers microhardometer, which sequentially comprises an amplifying imaging device, an independent hardness pressure head, a converter device, a reflecting device, an infinite auxiliary optical system imaging device, an observation tube device and an imaging eyepiece from bottom to top along an optical path; wherein enlarge the image device and be used for enlargiing the formation of image of the sample that awaits measuring, the converter device is used for enlarging conversion between image device and the free-standing hardness pressure head, reflector is used for changing the light path direction of enlarging through image device, infinitely distant auxiliary optical system image device is used for reversing parallel transmission light path into the formation of image light path, the observation tube device is used for imaging the light path in the formation of image eyepiece respectively for two, it can not change because of the mechanical section of thick bamboo length size of the imaging system of limited distance is fixed to solve traditional desk-top microhardometer, and it is very big to the installation size correction degree of difficulty of objective and eyepiece during leading to the assembly, and the problem of influence system imaging.

Description

Vickers microhardness meter infinite imaging system and binocular microhardness meter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of hardometers, and particularly discloses an infinite imaging system of a Vickers microhardometer and a binocular microhardometer.
Background
The Vickers hardness tester is a high and new technology product of optical, mechanical and electrical integration, the machine has novel shape, good reliability, operability and intuition, and is a novel Vickers and Knoop hardness tester adopting precise mechanical technology and photoelectric technology.
The imaging system of the traditional desk-top microhardometer is a finite distance optical system, and the size from an imaging objective lens to an ocular lens is fixed and unchangeable due to the design parameter standard of the microscopic system, otherwise the imaging quality is poor or the imaging cannot be realized. Therefore, a binocular viewing module having a long optical path cannot be used.
The limited distance system is critical to the size of the objective lens and the ocular components. In the assembly of the Vickers hardness tester, because the installation and correction of a pressure head need to be considered, the correction of the installation size of an objective lens is very complicated, the imaging quality of a system is often influenced, and the effect is not ideal. The size of the lens barrel for mounting the eyepiece also needs to be adjusted and selected, which causes a certain stock increment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention provides an infinite imaging system of a vickers microhardness tester and a binocular microhardness tester, in order to solve the problems that the dimension from an imaging objective to an eyepiece in a finite distance imaging system of a traditional desktop microhardness tester is fixed and unchangeable, so that the dimension requirements on the objective and the eyepiece during assembly are strict, and the imaging quality and the imaging effect of the system are affected.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a Vickers microhardness meter infinite imaging system sequentially comprises an amplifying imaging device, an independent hardness pressure head, a converter device, a reflecting device, an infinite auxiliary optical system imaging device, an observation tube device and an imaging eyepiece from bottom to top along an optical path; the magnifying imaging device is used for magnifying a sample to be measured for imaging, the converter device is used for converting between the magnifying imaging device and the independent hardness pressure head, the reflecting device is used for changing the direction of a light path magnified by the magnifying imaging device, the infinite auxiliary optical system imaging device is used for reversing a parallel transmission light path into an imaging light path, and the observation tube device is used for dividing the light path into two parts and imaging the two parts in the imaging eyepiece.
Further, the magnifying imaging device is an infinite microscope objective, the reflecting device is an optical reflector and an adjusting mechanism thereof, the imaging device of the infinite auxiliary optical system is one to two groups of cemented optical auxiliary lenses, the observation tube device is a rotating shaft light splitting precision optical mechanism with a built-in optical prism, and the imaging eyepiece is a scale eyepiece with a built-in measuring mechanism.
Further, the sum of the distance from the mounting end face of the infinite micro objective to the reflector in the reflecting device and the distance from the reflector in the reflecting device to the auxiliary lens can be infinitely lengthened and adjusted.
A Vickers microhardness tester comprises a microhardness tester body, a lifting table, an objective lens and an imaging eyepiece, wherein the imaging eyepiece is connected to the front side of the microhardness tester body, the inner wall of the top end of the microhardness tester is detachably connected with a turntable serving as a converter, a steel ball bearing structure mounting seat is sleeved on the outer ring of the turntable of the converter, the steel ball bearing structure mounting seat is connected with the microhardness tester body, a plurality of connecting holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the turntable, an independent hardness pressure head is connected to one connecting hole in a threaded mode, the objective lenses with different multiplying powers are connected to the other connecting holes in a threaded mode, the lifting table is fixedly installed on; the imaging eyepiece is a binocular eyepiece which is hinged with each other, and the auxiliary lens is arranged in a microhardometer body close to the imaging eyepiece.
Further, the inner surface of the connecting hole is provided with 4/5-inch internal threads, so that the assembling of the hardness indenter, the objective lens and the turntable is convenient, and the number of the connecting holes is preferably 3 or 4.
Furthermore, the hardness pressure head includes pressure head pole and the base that cup joints each other, pressure head pole upper portion fixed mounting has the atress steel ball, the pressure head is equipped with to pressure head pole lower part, pressure head pole upper portion cover has support sleeve and the elastic component that misplaces, support sleeve and pressure head pole are relative freely slided, support sleeve freely slides in the base, the pressure head pole slides in the base, a plurality of layers of director are equipped with to the base lower part, every layer of director includes the corresponding direction adjusting screw of a plurality of groups and the spacing steel ball of card at the base inboard.
Further, the upper end of the pressure head rod is hemispherical, the hemisphere at the upper end stably supports the pressure of the hardness tester, the pressure head at the lower part of the pressure head rod is a rhombic pressure head, and the rhombic pressure head at the lower end of the pressure head rod realizes pressure break of the object to be detected.
Furthermore, three groups of corresponding guide adjusting screws and limiting steel balls clamped on the inner side of the base are uniformly arranged in each layer of the guider, and the included angle between every two adjacent limiting steel balls is 60 degrees, 90 degrees or 120 degrees.
Furthermore, the limiting steel balls in the two adjacent layers of the guider are arranged in a staggered mode, namely the limiting steel balls are arranged in a snake shape.
Furthermore, the pre-position elastic piece is a wave spring, and when the support sleeve is pressed down, the wave spring uniformly contracts and releases the pressure head to enter the working position.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the infinite imaging system of the Vickers microhardometer disclosed by the invention, the auxiliary plane mirror is additionally arranged between the reflector and the ocular lens, and the auxiliary plane mirror transmits light rays reflected by the reflector in parallel, so that the mounting distance between the objective lens and the ocular lens is increased, the distance between the objective lens and the ocular lens can be adjusted, the infinite imaging system is changed from the finite imaging system, the assembly steps are simplified, and the imaging quality of a product is improved; the adjusting and selecting cost of the objective lens and the eyepiece is reduced, the qualification rate of finished products is improved, the production cost of enterprises is also reduced, and the problems that the difficulty of correcting the installation size of the objective lens and the eyepiece is very high during assembly and the imaging quality and the imaging effect of the system are influenced due to the fact that the mechanical cylinder length of a limited distance imaging system of a traditional desk type microhardness tester is fixed and can not be changed are solved.
2. According to the Vickers microhardness tester disclosed by the invention, the objective lens and the positioning pressure head with different multiplying powers are integrated on the turntable by arranging different connecting holes on the turntable, the integrated design is a converter module, and the design of a micro small-inclination converter is adopted, so that the rotating radius is reduced, and the size of a part is effectively reduced. And the high-precision special processing ensures the conversion precision of the objective lens, and the hammer needle of the positioning pressure head is designed into an objective lens type replaceable part, so that the whole machine correction link is removed, and the assembly speed is increased. Compared with the traditional mechanical turntable adjusting mode, the integrated turntable structure is easier to adjust.
3. The Vickers microhardness tester disclosed by the invention converts the traditional monocular eyepiece into the binocular eyepiece, improves the traditional mode by the technical scheme of improvement, better accords with the ergonomic design, enables the usability of the product to be more humanized and provides better product experience for users.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the operation of an infinite imaging system of a Vickers microhardness tester of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a conventional bench-top microhardness tester limited range imaging system;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the construction of a Vickers microhardness tester of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the positioning indenter in the Vickers microhardness tester of the present invention.
The drawings are numbered as follows: the device comprises a microhardness tester body 1, an objective lens 2, a hardness pressure head 3, a base 31, a support sleeve 32, a pressure head rod 33, a stressed steel ball 34, a pre-positioning elastic part 35, a pressure head 36, a guide adjusting screw 37, a limiting steel ball 38, a lifting table 4, an imaging ocular 5, an auxiliary lens 6, a reflector 7, a turntable 8 and a sample 9.
Detailed Description
The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:
fig. 2 is an imaging system of a conventional table microhardometer, that is, a finite distance imaging system, in which a finite distance imaging objective lens 2 is adopted, the objective lens 2 outputs convergent light, and a convergent image plane must meet standard parameters. Namely, the distance a from the finite-distance objective lens 2 to the reflector 7 and the distance b from the reflector 7 to the eyepiece 5 in the figure are two mechanical dimensions, and a + b is 160mm to obtain a normal imaging effect.
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a novel Vickers microhardness tester infinity imaging system, which comprises, from bottom to top, an enlarged imaging device, an independent hardness indenter, a converter device, a reflection device, an infinity auxiliary optical system imaging device, an observation tube device and an imaging eyepiece in sequence along an optical path; the magnifying imaging device is used for magnifying a sample to be measured for imaging, the converter device is used for converting between the magnifying imaging device (a low-power objective lens and a high-power objective lens) and the independent hardness pressure head, the reflecting device is used for changing the direction of a light path magnified by the magnifying imaging device, the infinite auxiliary optical system imaging device is used for reversing a parallel transmission light path into an imaging light path, and the observation tube device is used for dividing the light path into two parts to be imaged in the imaging ocular lens respectively, so that observation of two eyes of a person is facilitated.
The magnifying imaging device is an infinite microscope objective, the reflecting device is an optical reflector and an adjusting mechanism thereof, the imaging device of the infinite auxiliary optical system is one to two groups of cemented optical lenses, the observation tube device is a rotating shaft light splitting precision optical mechanism with a built-in optical prism, and the imaging eyepiece is a scale eyepiece with a built-in measuring mechanism.
The infinite imaging system adopts an infinite imaging objective lens 2, and the objective lens 2 outputs parallel light to an auxiliary lens 6 for converging and imaging. The distance A from the infinite imaging objective lens 2 to the reflecting device and the distance B from the reflecting device 7 to the auxiliary lens 6 can be almost infinitely lengthened and adjusted (the extreme end of the limit length L is a part which can not meet the practical requirement theoretically), and the imaging effect is not influenced. Namely, the sum of the distance from the mounting end face of the infinite micro objective 2 to the reflector 7 in the reflecting device and the distance from the reflector 7 to the auxiliary lens 6 in the reflecting device can be infinitely lengthened and adjusted. The rear end portion without the auxiliary lens 6 is extremely easily secured as a separate module.
A Vickers microhardness meter as shown in figures 3-4 comprises a microhardness meter main body 1, a lifting platform 4, an objective lens 2 and an ocular lens 5, wherein the ocular lens 5 is connected with the front of the microhardness meter main body 1, and the ocular lens 5 is a binocular ocular lens 5 which is hinged with each other. The inner wall of the top end of the microhardometer is detachably connected with a turntable 8 serving as a converter, a steel ball bearing structure mounting seat is sleeved on the outer ring of the converter turntable 8 and connected with a hardometer main body, a plurality of connecting holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the turntable 8, an independent hardness pressure head 3 is connected to one connecting hole in a threaded mode, objective lenses 2 with different multiplying powers are connected to the other connecting holes in a threaded mode, a lifting table 4 is fixedly installed on the base of the microhardometer, and the top end of the lifting table 4 is connected with an objective table used for placing a sample; a reflector 7 for changing the direction of the light path is arranged between the objective lens 2 and the ocular lens 5, and an auxiliary lens 6 for transmitting the parallel light path imaging after the reflector is reversely reflected is arranged between the reflector 7 and the imaging ocular lens 5. The auxiliary lens 6 is mounted in the microhardness tester body 1 near the imaging eyepiece 5.
Hardness pressure head 3 includes pressure head pole 33 and the base 31 that cup joints each other, and pressure head 36 is equipped with to pressure head pole 33 upper portion fixed mounting has atress steel ball 34, and pressure head pole 33 lower part, and pressure head pole 33 upper end is hemispherical, and the hemisphere realization of upper end is to the steady rotation of sclerometer pressure, and pressure head 36 of pressure head pole 33 lower part is the rhombus pressure head, and the pressure breach of treating the measuring article is realized to the rhombus pressure head of pressure head pole 33 lower extreme.
The upper part of the pressure head rod 33 is sleeved with a support sleeve 32 and a pre-position elastic part 35, the support sleeve 32 and the pressure head rod 33 can slide relatively freely, the support sleeve 32 can slide freely in the base 31, the pressure head rod 33 can slide in the base 31, the pre-position elastic part 35 is a wave spring (opposite-top washer) which is used for pre-preparing a pressure head waiting working position, and when the support sleeve 32 is pressed down, the wave spring contracts uniformly and releases the pressure head 36 to enter the working position. The lower part of the base 31 is provided with a plurality of layers of guides, each layer of guide comprises a plurality of groups of corresponding guide adjusting screws 37 and limiting steel balls 38 clamped on the inner side of the base, three groups of corresponding guide adjusting screws 37 and limiting steel balls 38 clamped on the inner side of the base are uniformly arranged in each layer of guide, the included angle between adjacent limiting steel balls 38 is three rows of 120 degrees, and six rows of 60 degrees or four rows of 90 degrees can be selected for improving the precision. The limiting steel balls 38 in the two adjacent layers of the guider can also be arranged in a staggered mode, namely the limiting steel balls 38 are arranged in a snake shape (spiral shape), and limiting guiding of the pressure head rod 33 is enhanced.
When this micro-sclerometer of vickers uses, drive supporting sleeve 32 and pressure head pole 33 downstream through the sclerometer main part, will wait to detect the thing and exert pressure the breach, be convenient for through different objective 2 gathers on the carousel 1 and wait to detect the indentation of thing and observe through binocular imaging eyepiece.
It is only the embodiment of the present invention, and the general knowledge of the known specific structure and characteristics in the scheme is not described too much here. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A Vickers microhardness meter infinity imaging system characterized in that: the device comprises an amplifying imaging device, an independent hardness pressure head, a converter device, a reflecting device, an infinite auxiliary optical system imaging device, an observation tube device and an imaging eyepiece in sequence from bottom to top along a light path; the magnifying imaging device is used for magnifying a sample to be measured for imaging, the converter device is used for converting between the magnifying imaging device and the independent hardness pressure head, the reflecting device is used for changing the direction of a light path magnified by the magnifying imaging device, the infinite auxiliary optical system imaging device is used for reversing a parallel transmission light path into an imaging light path, and the observation tube device is used for dividing the light path into two parts and imaging the two parts in the imaging eyepiece.
2. The vickers microhardness measurement infinity imaging system according to claim 1, wherein: the magnifying imaging device is an infinite microscope objective, the reflecting device is an optical reflector and an adjusting mechanism thereof, the imaging device of the infinite auxiliary optical system is one to two groups of cemented optical auxiliary lenses, the observation tube device is a rotating shaft light splitting precision optical mechanism with a built-in optical prism, and the imaging eyepiece is a scale eyepiece with a built-in measuring mechanism.
3. The vickers microhardness measurement infinity imaging system according to claim 2, wherein: the sum of the distance from the mounting end face of the infinite micro objective to the reflector in the reflecting device and the distance from the reflector in the reflecting device to the auxiliary lens can be infinitely lengthened and adjusted.
4. A vickers microhardness tester, comprising: the device comprises a microhardometer main body, a lifting table, an objective lens and an imaging eyepiece, wherein the imaging eyepiece is connected to the front side of the microhardometer main body, the inner wall of the top end of the microhardometer is detachably connected with a turntable serving as a converter, a steel ball bearing structure mounting seat is sleeved on the outer ring of the turntable of the converter, the steel ball bearing structure mounting seat is connected with the hardometer main body, a plurality of connecting holes are uniformly formed in the circumferential direction of the turntable, an independent hardness pressure head is in threaded connection with one connecting hole, the other connecting holes are in threaded connection with the objective lenses with different multiplying powers, the lifting table is fixedly installed; the imaging eyepiece is a binocular eyepiece which is hinged with each other, and the auxiliary lens is arranged in a microhardometer body close to the imaging eyepiece.
5. The vickers microhardness tester as recited in claim 4, wherein: the inner surface of the connecting hole is provided with 4/5-inch internal threads, so that the assembling of the hardness indenter, the objective lens and the turntable is convenient, and the number of the connecting holes is preferably 3 or 4.
6. The vickers microhardness tester as recited in claim 4, wherein: the hardness pressure head includes pressure head pole and the base that cup joints each other, and pressure head pole upper portion fixed mounting has the atress steel ball, and the pressure head is equipped with to pressure head pole lower part, and pressure head pole upper portion cover has support sleeve and the elastic component that advances a position, and support sleeve and pressure head pole are relative free slip, and support sleeve freely slides in the base, and the pressure head pole slides in the base, and a plurality of layers of director are equipped with to the base lower part, and every layer of director includes the corresponding direction adjusting screw of a plurality of groups and blocks the spacing steel ball inboard at the base.
7. The vickers microhardness tester as recited in claim 6, wherein: the pressure head pole upper end is hemispherical, and the hemisphere realization of upper end is to the steady rotation of sclerometer pressure and is held, and the pressure head of pressure head pole lower part is the rhombus pressure head, and the pressure breach of treating the measuring article is realized to the rhombus pressure head of pressure head pole lower extreme.
8. The vickers microhardness tester as recited in claim 7, wherein: three groups of corresponding guide adjusting screws and limiting steel balls clamped on the inner side of the base are uniformly arranged in each layer of guider, and the included angle between every two adjacent limiting steel balls is 60 degrees, 90 degrees or 120 degrees.
9. The vickers microhardness tester as recited in claim 8, wherein: the limiting steel balls in the two adjacent layers of the guider are arranged in a staggered mode, namely the limiting steel balls are arranged in a snake shape.
10. The vickers microhardness tester as recited in claim 9, wherein: the pre-position elastic piece is a wave spring.
CN202110379046.9A 2021-04-08 2021-04-08 Vickers microhardness meter infinite imaging system and binocular microhardness meter Pending CN113092296A (en)

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