CN113090316A - Device and method for controlling temperature reduction and dust removal of roadway driving face - Google Patents
Device and method for controlling temperature reduction and dust removal of roadway driving face Download PDFInfo
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- CN113090316A CN113090316A CN202110416026.4A CN202110416026A CN113090316A CN 113090316 A CN113090316 A CN 113090316A CN 202110416026 A CN202110416026 A CN 202110416026A CN 113090316 A CN113090316 A CN 113090316A
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- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 10
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- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008400 supply water Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005399 mechanical ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F3/00—Cooling or drying of air
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
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Abstract
The invention discloses a temperature reduction and dust removal control device and method for a roadway driving working surface, wherein the device comprises a movable protective shed, a local air duct, an air pressure pipe and an atomizing spray head; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, calculating an average value of theoretical wind flow speed in a roadway; secondly, measuring and determining a main heat exchange area of the roadway; thirdly, determining the length of the movable protection shed; fourthly, assembling the movable protective shed; fifthly, assembling the cooling and dedusting control device; sixthly, temperature reduction and dust removal are carried out on the tunneling working face. According to the invention, cold water is utilized to cool the working face air current and the surrounding rock, and simultaneously, the heat released by the surrounding rock is collected and recycled, and the air curtain is obliquely arranged, so that the air current is obliquely blown to the mining working face, thereby being beneficial to the air current flowing into the mining working face, on the other hand, the impedance strength of the air curtain to the mining working face return air current is increased, the return air current of the mining working face is reduced to flow back to the movable protective shed, the exchange air current is forced to flow into the return air gap, and simultaneously, the air current speed of the wall surface of the roadway is increased, and the heat release and cooling of the surrounding rock on the wall surface of.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of temperature reduction and dust removal of a roadway driving working face, and particularly relates to a temperature reduction and dust removal control device and method for the roadway driving working face.
Background
With the gradual mining depletion of shallow mineral resources and the gradual enhancement of mining technologies and mining devices in China, the mining level of mines is gradually shifted to deep parts, and deep part mining is an important form of future resource development in China and has huge development potential. In addition, marching to the deep part of the earth is also a strategic and technological requirement of China. The problem of high-temperature thermal damage is an important difficult problem which cannot be avoided in deep mining of a mine, the working performance of equipment can be reduced in a high-temperature environment, the service life of the equipment is shortened, and the physiological health of underground workers can be greatly damaged. The physiological adverse reactions such as increase of the fatigue of human bodies, reduction of memory, inattention and slight delay of reaction are easily caused under the high-temperature environment, so that the occurrence rate of production accidents is obviously increased. The safety regulation of metal and nonmetal underground mine stipulates that the wet bulb temperature of a personnel continuous operation place is not higher than 27 ℃, and the operation is stopped when the wet bulb temperature exceeds 30 ℃. According to statistics, the rock temperature of the current mining mine with the mining depth of more than 700m is mostly over 35 ℃, and the maximum temperature is close to 50 ℃. And along with the gradual increase of the mining depth of the mine, the heat release strength of factors such as air compression, surrounding rock heat transfer, operation machinery heat release and the like in the mine is gradually increased. In the tunneling roadway of a deep mine, the initial rock temperature is high and ventilation is poor, so that the problem of high-temperature thermal injury of a tunneling head of the roadway is the most prominent.
In the conventional heat damage treatment method, the working surface environment is often improved by enhancing ventilation, an air path is arranged, and a heat dissipation channel is formed by utilizing natural wind or mechanical ventilation, so that the temperature in a roadway is reduced. However, this approach has significant drawbacks: 1. the additional air path and the ventilation network of the original mine are mutually constrained, and the original ventilation of the mine can be adversely affected; 2. a large amount of dust exists in the excavation working face, and secondary dust raising can be caused by ventilation for treating heat damage; 3. the specific heat of the air is small, the temperature reduction through the air is easily influenced by surrounding factors to generate severe temperature change, and the temperature of the released fresh air flow is rapidly increased due to the heat convection with the roadway rock wall formed by tunneling, so that the temperature of the air flow near the tunneling working surface of the roadway is high, and a local high-temperature area is formed; 4. most ventilation systems are used for cooling surrounding rocks, and influence caused by heat generated by normal ventilation backflow is ignored; 5. adding new ventilation equipment will add extra cost to the project.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems in the prior art, and provides a temperature-reducing and dust-removing control device for a roadway driving face, which has novel and reasonable design, reduces the heat release of surrounding rocks of the roadway to the driving face through a movable protective shed, can prevent the rock roof from falling off and smashing people and mechanical equipment, arranges heat-exchanging water pipes on the movable protective shed, utilizes cold water to reduce the temperature of the wind flow and the surrounding rocks of the working face, collects the heat released by the surrounding rocks for recycling, obliquely arranges an air curtain to ensure that the wind flow obliquely blows to the driving face, is beneficial to the wind flow to the driving face on one hand, can increase the impedance strength of the air curtain to the return wind flow of the driving face on the other hand, reduces the return wind flow of the driving face to the movable protective shed, forces the exchange wind flow to flow into gaps, and increases the wind flow speed of the wall face of the roadway, promote the heat release and the temperature reduction of the surrounding rock of the wall surface of the roadway, and is convenient to popularize and use.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: tunnelling working face cooling dust removal controlling means, its characterized in that: the device comprises a movable protection shed which is driven along with a mining working face and moves in a roadway, a local air duct which conveys air flow into the movable protection shed, and an air pressure pipe and an atomizing spray head which are arranged at the top of the inner wall of one end, close to the mining working face, of the movable protection shed, wherein the air pressure pipe is transversely arranged at the top of the inner wall of one end, close to the mining working face, of the movable protection shed, and the atomizing spray head is positioned between the air pressure pipe and the mining working face and has the spraying direction facing the mining working face;
the movable protection shed comprises a heat insulation shed body, a cooling layer arranged on the inner side face of the heat insulation shed body and a heat absorption layer arranged on the outer side face of the heat insulation shed body, an air return gap exists between the heat absorption layer and surrounding rocks of a roadway, a local air duct is arranged close to the cooling layer on one side, one end, close to the local air duct, of an air pressure pipe is arranged on the top of the inner wall of one end of the movable protection shed, far away from a mining working face, the other end, far away from the local air duct, of the air pressure pipe is arranged on the top of the inner wall of the other end of the movable protection shed, a row of air pressure holes begin to be arranged at the bottom of the air pressure pipe towards one side of the mining working face, a wind inlet well transmits high-pressure air to the air pressure pipe through a wind pressure;
the cooling layer and the heat-absorbing layer all include the heat exchange casing and coil the setting and be in heat exchange water pipe in the heat exchange casing, the one end and the cold water storage cistern intercommunication of working face are kept away from to the heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer, and the connecting pipe intercommunication is passed through with the one end that the heat exchange water pipe is close to the working face in the heat-absorbing layer to the one end that the heat exchange water pipe is close to the working face in the cooling layer, and the one end that the working face was kept away from to the heat exchange water pipe in the heat-absorbing layer and waste heat collection water tank intercommunication, and the one end that the work face was close to.
Foretell roadway driving working face cooling dust removal controlling means, its characterized in that: the fresh air flow which does not pass through the air curtain flows in the movable protective shed to provide a clean air source for miners in the intensive working area, the fresh air flow which passes through the air curtain and the air flow on the mining working surface are exchanged to form an exchange air flow, and the exchange air flow is discharged from the return air shaft through the return air gap.
Foretell roadway driving working face cooling dust removal controlling means, its characterized in that: the bottom of the movable protective shed is provided with a plurality of rollers.
Foretell roadway driving working face cooling dust removal controlling means, its characterized in that: the outer surface of the heat exchange shell is provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins.
Foretell roadway driving working face cooling dust removal controlling means, its characterized in that: the cooling layer and the heat absorption layer are formed by assembling a plurality of heat exchange units, each heat exchange unit comprises a steel shell and a U-shaped heat exchange water pipe arranged in the steel shell, the edge of each steel shell is provided with a tongue-and-groove used for matching and connecting, the two spliced heat exchange units are connected through a fixing bolt, and the U-shaped heat exchange water pipes in the two spliced heat exchange units are communicated.
Foretell roadway driving working face cooling dust removal controlling means, its characterized in that: the included angle between the projection line of the wind pressure pipe on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10-15 degrees, and the included angle between the plane of the air curtain and the cross section of the roadway is 15-20 degrees.
Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a method which has simple steps and reasonable design and can carry out temperature reduction and dust removal control on the tunneling working surface, and the method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, according to a formula
Calculating the average value of theoretical wind flow speed in the tunnel
Wherein r is the radius of the local wind barrel, vlThe speed of the air flow in the local air duct is shown, and S is the area of the cross section of the roadway;
step two, measuring and determining a main heat exchange area of the roadway: the wind speed sensor is used for collecting the wind flow speed on the wall surface of the tunnel, and when the wind speed sensor collects the wind flow speed on the wall surface of the tunnel, the wind flow speed is greater than
When the heat exchange area is in the main heat exchange area, the main heat exchange area of the roadway is in the roadway area;
step three, determining the length of the movable protective shed: according to the formula L ═ L0-LΔCalculating the length L of the movable protective shed, wherein L0Distance L from a measuring point of a main heat exchange area of the roadway to a mining working faceΔIs a threshold value of the spacing distance between the movable protective shed and the mining working face;
step four, assembling the movable protective shed: determining the length of the heat insulation shed body according to the calculated length value of the movable protection shed, assembling a cooling layer and a heat absorption layer which are as long as the heat insulation shed body inside and outside the heat insulation shed body by adopting a plurality of heat exchange units, and pushing the movable protection shed to a mining working surface;
step five, assembling the cooling and dedusting control device, wherein the process is as follows:
501, extending a local air duct into a movable protection shed, mounting an air pressure pipe and an atomizing nozzle on the top of the inner wall of one end of the movable protection shed, which is close to a mining working surface, and communicating the atomizing nozzle with a heat exchange water pipe in a cooling layer;
502, communicating one end, far away from a mining working surface, of a heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer with a cold water tank, and communicating one end, far away from the mining working surface, of the heat exchange water pipe in the heat absorption layer with a waste heat collection water tank;
step 503, the air inlet shaft transmits high-pressure air to the air pressure pipe through the air pressure transmission pipe, the high-pressure air forms a downward inclined air curtain through a row of air pressure holes, and the air inlet shaft transmits fresh air flow to a local air cylinder through an air pump;
step six, temperature reduction and dust removal of the tunneling working face: when cold water flows in the heat exchange water pipe in the temperature reduction layer, the temperature of the heat exchange shell of the temperature reduction layer is reduced, and convection heat exchange is carried out between the air flow and the heat exchange shell of the temperature reduction layer, so that the temperature of the air flow is reduced, and the temperature of the area of the driving working face is reduced;
cold water in the heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer flows into the heat exchange water pipe arranged in the heat absorption layer after absorbing wind flow heat, the heat exchange water pipe in the heat absorption layer absorbs heat in the surrounding environment to accelerate cooling of surrounding rocks of the roadway, and warm water formed after the cold water absorbs heat and is heated can be recycled through the waste heat collecting water tank;
the atomizing spray head supplies water from one end of the heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer, which is close to the mining working surface, and sprays water mist towards the mining working surface to adsorb dust and reduce dust;
the air curtain obstructs the air flow in the mining working face and the movable protective shed from flowing, after the fresh air flow is released from a local air cylinder, a part of the fresh air flow passes through the air curtain jet flow mining working face, and the air flow turns to flow to an air return gap after impacting the mining working face, at the moment, under the obstructing action of the air curtain, the exchange air flow with dust after contacting the mining working face is difficult to flow into the movable protective shed again, the air flow speed of the wall face of the roadway is increased at the same time, and the heat release and the temperature reduction of surrounding rocks of the wall face of the roadway are promoted; the other part of fresh air flow does not pass through the air curtain, and the fresh air flow flows in the movable protective shed to provide a clean air source for miners in the dense working area.
The above method is characterized in that: the included angle between the projection line of the wind pressure pipe on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10-15 degrees, and the included angle between the plane of the air curtain and the cross section of the roadway is 15-20 degrees.
The above method is characterized in that: in the sixth step, the included angle between the projection line of the air pressure pipe on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10 degrees, so that the air curtain on the side of the movable protective shed far away from the local air cylinder is prevented from forming local negative pressure, the return air flow is prevented from flowing into the movable protective shed, and the exchange air flow is forced to flow into the return air gap under the action of the air curtain;
the included angle between the plane of the air curtain and the cross section of the roadway is 15 degrees, namely the air current is blown to the mining working face in an inclined mode, on one hand, the air current can flow into the mining working face, on the other hand, the impedance strength of the air curtain to the return air current of the mining working face can be increased, and the return air current of the mining working face is reduced to flow back to the movable protective shed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the device adopted by the invention, the movable protection shed is arranged, so that the heat released by surrounding rocks of a roadway to a tunneling working surface is reduced, and the roof fall and the injury of people and mechanical equipment can be prevented; and an atomizing nozzle is arranged at one end of the movable protective shed close to the tunneling working face to remove dust from the working face and reduce the temperature of the newly tunneled rock stratum.
2. The device adopted by the invention conveys the air flow into the movable protection shed through the local wind barrel, the air curtain with a certain angle is designed behind the atomizing spray head, the dirty air which flows back from the working face can be forced to flow into the return air gap between the movable protection shed and the surrounding rocks, the air curtain which is arranged obliquely blows the air flow to the mining working face, on one hand, the air flow can flow into the mining working face, on the other hand, the impedance strength of the air curtain to the return air flow of the mining working face can be increased, the return air flow of the mining working face is reduced to flow back to the movable protection shed, the exchanged air flow is forced to flow into the return air gap, meanwhile, the air flow speed of the wall surface of the roadway is increased, the heat release and the temperature reduction of the surrounding rocks of the roadway wall surface are promoted, the working environment of a worker moving area in the protection device is improved while the heat exchange between the rock wall and the.
3. The method adopted by the invention has simple steps, the main heat release area of the wall surface of the excavation roadway is judged by utilizing the method for measuring the wall surface airflow speed, the heat insulation and cooling protection is mainly carried out on the area, the minimum installation length of the movable protection shed can be calculated according to the minimum installation length, the movable protection shed which is suitable for the assembly according to the actual mine parameters is assembled, the cold water is utilized to cool the working surface airflow and the surrounding rock, simultaneously, the heat released by the surrounding rock is collected for recycling, and the atomization nozzle, the airflow and the air curtain are utilized to cooperate for dedusting and cooling, so that the popularization and the use are convenient.
In conclusion, the movable protective shed is novel and reasonable in design, heat released by surrounding rocks of a roadway to a driving face is reduced through the movable protective shed, people and mechanical equipment can be prevented from being injured by falling down from the top of rocks, heat exchange water pipes are arranged on the movable protective shed, cold water is used for cooling air flow of the working face and the surrounding rocks, simultaneously, heat released by the surrounding rocks is collected and recycled, the air curtain is obliquely arranged, so that the air flow is obliquely blown to the driving face, on one hand, the air flow can favorably flow into the driving face, on the other hand, the impedance strength of the air curtain to the return air flow of the driving face can be increased, the return air flow of the driving face is reduced to the movable protective shed, the exchange air flow is forced to flow into an air return gap, meanwhile, the air flow speed of the wall face of the roadway is increased, heat release and cooling of the surrounding rocks of the wall face of the.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the wind flow direction of the device adopted by the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the device adopted in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of fresh air flow, air curtain and exchange air flow in an apparatus embodying the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange unit according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the connection of two heat exchange units according to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a block flow diagram of the method of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-digging working face; 2-heat insulation shed body; 3-cooling layer;
4-a heat absorbing layer; 5-air curtain; 6-atomizing spray head;
7-air return clearance; 8-dense working area; 9-surrounding rock;
10-an air inlet shaft; 11-return air shaft; 12-local wind barrel;
13-an air pump; 14-a steel shell; 15-U-shaped heat exchange water pipe;
16-tongue and groove; 17-fixing bolt; 18-wind pressure pipe;
19-connecting pipe; 20, rolling wheels; 21-heat exchange fins;
22-moving a protective shed; 23-fresh air flow; and 24, exchanging wind flow.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the temperature-reducing and dust-removing control device for the driving face of the roadway comprises a movable protection shed 22 which is driven along with the driving face 1 and moves in the roadway, a local air duct 12 which conveys air flow into the movable protection shed 22, an air pressure pipe 18 and an atomizing nozzle 6 which are arranged at the top of the inner wall of the movable protection shed 22 close to one end of the driving face 1, wherein the air pressure pipe 18 is transversely arranged at the top of the inner wall of the movable protection shed 22 close to one end of the driving face 1, the atomizing nozzle 6 is arranged between the air pressure pipe 18 and the driving face 1, and the spraying direction of the atomizing nozzle faces towards the driving face 1;
the movable protective shed 22 comprises a heat insulation shed body 2, a cooling layer 3 arranged on the inner side surface of the heat insulation shed body 2 and a heat absorption layer 4 arranged on the outer side surface of the heat insulation shed body 2, an air return gap 7 is formed between the heat absorption layer 4 and surrounding rocks 9 of a roadway, a local air duct 12 is arranged close to the cooling layer 3 on one side, one end, close to the local air duct 12, of an air pressure pipe 18 is arranged on the top of the inner wall of one end of the movable protective shed 22, far away from a mining working face 1, of the air pressure pipe 18, the other end, far away from the local air duct 12, of the air pressure pipe 18 is arranged on the top of the inner wall of the other end of the movable protective shed 22, a row of air pressure holes are formed in the bottom of the air pressure pipe 18, facing the mining working face 1, high-pressure air is transmitted to the air pressure pipe 18 through the air pressure transmission pipe, the;
the cooling layer 3 and the heat-absorbing layer 4 all include the heat exchange shell and coil the setting and be in heat exchange water pipe in the heat exchange shell, the one end and the cold water storage cistern intercommunication of working face 1 are kept away from to heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer 3, the one end that the heat exchange water pipe is close to working face 1 in the cooling layer 3 and the one end that the heat exchange water pipe is close to working face 1 in the heat-absorbing layer 4 pass through connecting pipe 19 intercommunication, the one end and the waste heat collection water tank intercommunication of working face 1 are kept away from to heat exchange water pipe in the heat-absorbing layer 4, atomizer 6 is supplied water by the one end that the heat exchange water pipe is close to working face 1 in the.
The movable protection shed is arranged to reduce heat released by surrounding rocks of a roadway to a tunneling working face and prevent a rock roof from falling off and smashing people and mechanical equipment, heat exchange water pipes are arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the movable protection shed, cold water flows through the heat exchange water pipes on the inner surface of the movable protection shed to form a cooling layer, the temperature of the cold water is circularly increased and flows through the heat exchange water pipes on the outer surface of the movable protection shed to form a heat absorption layer, and the heat released by the surrounding rocks is collected and recycled while the working face airflow and the surrounding rocks are cooled by the cold water; an atomization nozzle is arranged at one end of the movable protective shed close to the tunneling working face to remove dust on the working face and reduce the temperature of a newly-tunneled rock stratum; the air curtain with a certain angle is designed behind the atomizing nozzle, dirty air flowing back from a working face can be forced to flow into an air return gap between the movable protective shed and surrounding rocks, the air curtain is obliquely arranged, the air flow is blown to a mining working face in an inclined mode, on one hand, the air flow can flow into the mining working face, on the other hand, the impedance strength of the air curtain to the return air flow of the mining working face can be increased, the return air flow of the mining working face is reduced to flow back to the movable protective shed, the exchange air flow is forced to flow into the air return gap, meanwhile, the air flow speed of the wall face of the roadway is increased, the heat release and cooling of the surrounding rocks of the wall face of the roadway are promoted, the heat exchange between the rock wall and the air flow is enhanced, and meanwhile, the working environment of a worker moving area in the protective device is improved.
In this embodiment, the air inlet shaft 10 transmits a fresh air flow 23 to the local air duct 12 through the air pump 13, the air flow which does not pass through the air curtain 5 of the fresh air flow 23 flows in the movable protective shed 22 to provide a clean air source for miners in the dense working area 8, the air flow which passes through the air curtain 5 of the fresh air flow 23 is exchanged with the air flow on the mining working surface 1 to form an exchange air flow 24, and the exchange air flow 24 is discharged from the air return shaft 11 through the air return gap 7.
In this embodiment, a plurality of rollers 20 are disposed at the bottom of the movable protection shed 22.
It should be noted that the bottom of the movable protective shed 22 is provided with a plurality of rollers 20, which is convenient for the movable protective shed 22 to move in the roadway, and is labor-saving and quick.
In this embodiment, the outer surface of the heat exchange housing is provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins 21.
It should be noted that, the outer surface of the heat exchange shell is provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins 21, so that the heat exchange process can be reduced, the rapid cooling of the cooling layer 3 to the wind flow is realized, and the heat absorption layer 4 absorbs heat quickly to the surrounding rock temperature.
In this embodiment, the cooling layer 3 and the heat absorption layer 4 are formed by assembling a plurality of heat exchange units, each heat exchange unit includes a steel shell 14 and a U-shaped heat exchange water pipe 15 arranged in the steel shell 14, a tongue-and-groove 16 for matching connection is formed at the edge of the steel shell 14, the two heat exchange units which are assembled are connected through a fixing bolt 17, and the U-shaped heat exchange water pipes 15 in the two heat exchange units which are assembled are communicated.
In this embodiment, the included angle between the projection line of the wind pressure pipe 18 on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10-15 °, and the included angle between the plane of the air curtain 5 and the cross section of the roadway is 15-20 °.
As shown in fig. 6, the method for controlling temperature reduction and dust removal of the tunneling working surface comprises the following steps:
step one, according to a formula
Calculating the average value of theoretical wind flow speed in the tunnel
Wherein r is the radius of the local wind barrel 12, vlThe speed of the air flow in the local air duct 12 is shown, and S is the area of the cross section of the roadway;
step two, measuring and determining a main heat exchange area of the roadway: the wind speed sensor is used for collecting the wind flow speed on the wall surface of the tunnel, and when the wind speed sensor collects the wind flow speed on the wall surface of the tunnel, the wind flow speed is greater than
When the heat exchange area is in the main heat exchange area, the main heat exchange area of the roadway is in the roadway area;
step three, determining the length of the movable protective shed: according to the formula L ═ L0-LΔCalculating the length L of the movable protective shed, wherein L0Distance L from a measuring point of a main heat exchange area of the roadway to a mining working face 1ΔIs a threshold value of the spacing distance between the mobile protective shed 22 and the working face 1;
step four, assembling the movable protective shed: determining the length of the heat insulation shed body 2 according to the calculated length value of the movable protection shed, assembling a cooling layer 3 and a heat absorption layer 4 which are as long as the heat insulation shed body 2 inside and outside the heat insulation shed body 2 by adopting a plurality of heat exchange units, and pushing the movable protection shed to a mining working surface 1;
step five, assembling the cooling and dedusting control device, wherein the process is as follows:
step 501, extending a local air duct 12 into a movable protection shed 22, installing an air pressure pipe 18 and an atomizing nozzle 6 on the top of the inner wall of the movable protection shed 22 close to one end of the excavation working surface 1, and communicating the atomizing nozzle 6 with a heat exchange water pipe in a cooling layer 3;
502, communicating one end, far away from a mining working surface 1, of a heat exchange water pipe in a cooling layer 3 with a cold water tank, and communicating one end, far away from the mining working surface 1, of a heat exchange water pipe in a heat absorption layer 4 with a waste heat collection water tank;
step 503, the air inlet shaft 10 transmits high-pressure air to the air pressure pipe 18 through an air pressure transmission pipe, the high-pressure air forms a downward inclined air curtain 5 through a row of air pressure holes, and the air inlet shaft 10 transmits fresh air flow 23 to the local air cylinder 12 through the air pump 13;
step six, temperature reduction and dust removal of the tunneling working face: when cold water flows in the heat exchange water pipe in the temperature reduction layer 3, the temperature of the heat exchange shell of the temperature reduction layer 3 is reduced, and convection heat exchange is generated between the air flow and the heat exchange shell of the temperature reduction layer 3, so that the temperature of the air flow is reduced, and the temperature of the area of the driving working face is reduced;
cold water in the heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer 3 flows into the heat exchange water pipe arranged in the heat absorption layer 4 after absorbing wind flow heat, the heat exchange water pipe in the heat absorption layer 4 absorbs heat in the surrounding environment to accelerate cooling of surrounding rocks of the roadway, and warm water formed after cold water absorbs heat and is heated can be recycled through the waste heat collecting water tank;
the atomizing spray head 6 supplies water from one end of the heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer 3 close to the mining working surface 1, and the atomizing spray head 6 sprays water mist towards the mining working surface 1 to adsorb dust and reduce dust;
the air curtain 5 obstructs the air flow in the mining working face 1 and the movable protection shed 22 from flowing, after the fresh air flow 23 is released from the local air barrel 12, a part of the fresh air flow 23 passes through the air curtain 5 jet flow mining working face 1, and the air flow turns to flow to the air return gap 7 after impacting the mining working face 1, at the moment, under the obstructing action of the air curtain 5, the exchange air flow 24 with dust after contacting the mining working face 1 is difficult to flow into the movable protection shed 22 again, the air flow speed of the wall surface of the roadway is increased, and the heat release and the temperature reduction of the surrounding rock of the wall surface of the roadway are promoted; another portion of the fresh air stream 23 does not pass through the air curtain 5 and the fresh air stream 23 flows within the mobile shelter 22 to provide a source of clean air to miners in the dense work area 8.
In the sixth embodiment, in the sixth step, the included angle between the projection line of the air pressure pipe 18 on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10 degrees, so that the air curtain 5 on the side of the movable protection shed 22 far away from the local air cylinder is prevented from forming local negative pressure, the return air flow is prevented from flowing into the movable protection shed 22, and the exchange air flow 24 is forced to flow into the return air gap 7 under the action of the air curtain 5;
the included angle between the plane of the air curtain 5 and the cross section of the roadway is 15 degrees, namely the air current is blown to the mining working face 1 in an inclined mode, on one hand, the air current can flow into the mining working face 1 favorably, on the other hand, the impedance strength of the air curtain 5 to the return air current of the mining working face 1 can be increased, and the situation that the return air current of the mining working face 1 flows back to the movable protective shed 22 is reduced.
When the method is used, the steps are simple, the method for measuring the wall airflow speed is used for judging the main heat release area of the wall surface of the excavation roadway, the heat insulation and cooling protection is mainly carried out on the area, the minimum installation length of the movable protection shed can be calculated according to the minimum installation length, the adaptive movable protection shed is assembled according to actual mine parameters, cold water is used for collecting heat released by surrounding rocks for recycling while the working surface airflow and the surrounding rocks are cooled, and the atomization nozzle, the airflow and the air curtain are used for dust removal and cooling in a matched mode;
when fresh air flow is released from the local air duct 12, the movable protective shed 22 can prevent the air flow from contacting with a high-temperature rock wall, the high-temperature surrounding rock is prevented from releasing heat into the air flow of the roadway, the air curtain 5 blocks the exchange air flow 24 from the mining working surface 1, the exchange air flow 24 is dirty air flow, most of high-temperature air flow containing dust is forced to flow out from the return air gap 7 between the movable protective shed 22 and the wall surface of the roadway, the temperature of the inner surface of the movable protective shed 22 can be reduced by cold water in the cooling layer 3, the air flow exchanges heat when contacting with the movable protective shed 22, the heat in the air flow is absorbed by water in a heat exchange pipeline to form warm water, a certain number of heat exchange fins 21 are arranged on the movable protective shed 22, the heat exchange between the water and the air flow can be enhanced, the cooling effect of the cooling layer 3 is improved, the air flow flowing in the return air gap 7 can accelerate the heat release of the rock on the wall surface of the roadway, after the movable protective shed, the temperature of the rock on the wall surface of the tunnel is greatly lowered, the temperature rise of the wind flow in the tunnel is reduced, and the heat damage of the whole mine is improved; therefore, under the action of the movable protective shed 22, the working ring of the main working area of the tunneling personnel can be effectively improved.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and all simple modifications, changes and equivalent structural changes made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. Tunnelling working face cooling dust removal controlling means, its characterized in that: the device comprises a movable protection shed (22) which is tunneled along with a mining working face (1) and moves in a roadway, a local air duct (12) which conveys air flow into the movable protection shed (22), an air pressure pipe (18) and an atomizing spray head (6) which are arranged on the top of the inner wall of one end, close to the mining working face (1), of the movable protection shed (22), wherein the air pressure pipe (18) is transversely arranged on the top of the inner wall of one end, close to the mining working face (1), of the movable protection shed (22), and the atomizing spray head (6) is positioned between the air pressure pipe (18) and the mining working face (1) and the spraying direction of the atomizing spray head faces towards the mining working face (1);
the movable protection shed (22) comprises a heat insulation shed body (2), a cooling layer (3) arranged on the inner side surface of the heat insulation shed body (2) and a heat absorption layer (4) arranged on the outer side surface of the heat insulation shed body (2), wherein an air return gap (7) is formed between the heat absorption layer (4) and surrounding rocks (9) of a roadway, a local air duct (12) is arranged close to the cooling layer (3) on one side, one end, close to the local air duct (12), of an air pressure pipe (18) is far away from a mining working face (1) and is arranged at the top of the inner wall of one end of the movable protection shed (22), the other end, far away from the local air duct (12), of the air pressure pipe (18) is arranged at the top of the inner wall of the other end of the movable protection shed (22) and close to the mining working face (1), a row of air pressure holes are formed at the bottom of the air pressure pipe (18) towards one side of the mining working face (, the high-pressure air forms a downward inclined air curtain (5) through a row of air pressure holes, and the bottom of the air curtain (5) is close to the mining working face (1);
the temperature reduction layer (3) and the heat absorption layer (4) both comprise a heat exchange shell and are coiled into heat exchange water pipes arranged in the heat exchange shell, one end, away from the mining working face (1), of each heat exchange water pipe in the temperature reduction layer (3) is communicated with a cold water tank, one end, close to the mining working face (1), of each heat exchange water pipe in the temperature reduction layer (3) is communicated with one end, close to the mining working face (1), of each heat exchange water pipe in the heat absorption layer (4) through a connecting pipe (19), one end, away from the mining working face (1), of each heat exchange water pipe in the heat absorption layer (4) is communicated with a waste heat collecting water tank, and the atomizing spray heads (6) supply water through one end, close to the mining working face (1), of each heat exchange water pipe in the temperature reduction layer (3.
2. The temperature-reducing and dust-removing control device for the tunneling working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fresh air flow (23) which does not pass through the air curtain (5) flows in the movable protective shed (22) to provide a clean air source for miners in the dense working area (8), the air flow of the fresh air flow (23) which passes through the air curtain (5) is exchanged with the air flow on the mining working surface (1) to form an exchange air flow (24), and the exchange air flow (24) is discharged from the return air shaft (11) through the return air gap (7).
3. The temperature-reducing and dust-removing control device for the tunneling working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bottom of the movable protective shed (22) is provided with a plurality of rollers (20).
4. The temperature-reducing and dust-removing control device for the tunneling working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer surface of the heat exchange shell is provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins (21).
5. The temperature-reducing and dust-removing control device for the tunneling working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cooling layer (3) and the heat absorption layer (4) are formed by assembling a plurality of heat exchange units, each heat exchange unit comprises a steel shell (14) and a U-shaped heat exchange water pipe (15) arranged in the steel shell (14), the edge of the steel shell (14) is provided with a tongue-and-groove (16) used for matching and connecting, the two spliced heat exchange units are connected through a fixing bolt (17), and the U-shaped heat exchange water pipes (15) in the two spliced heat exchange units are communicated.
6. The temperature-reducing and dust-removing control device for the tunneling working surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: the included angle between the projection line of the wind pressure pipe (18) on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10-15 degrees, and the included angle between the plane of the air curtain (5) and the cross section of the roadway is 15-20 degrees.
7. A method for controlling temperature reduction and dust removal of a tunneling working face by using the device of claim 5 is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, according to a formula
Calculating the average value of theoretical wind flow speed in the tunnel
Wherein r is the radius of the local wind barrel (12), vlThe speed of air flow in a local air duct (12) is shown, and S is the area of the cross section of a roadway;
step two, measuring and determining a main heat exchange area of the roadway: the wind speed sensor is used for collecting the wind flow speed on the wall surface of the tunnel, and when the wind speed sensor collects the wind flow speed on the wall surface of the tunnel, the wind flow speed is greater than
When the heat exchange area is in the main heat exchange area, the main heat exchange area of the roadway is in the roadway area;
step three, determining the length of the movable protective shed: according to the formula L ═ L0-LΔCalculating the length L of the movable protective shed, wherein L0The distance L from a measuring point of a main heat exchange area of the roadway to a mining working surface (1)ΔIs a threshold value of the spacing distance between the movable protective shed (22) and the mining working face (1);
step four, assembling the movable protective shed: determining the length of the heat insulation shed body (2) according to the calculated length value of the movable protection shed, assembling a cooling layer (3) and a heat absorption layer (4) which are as long as the heat insulation shed body (2) inside and outside the heat insulation shed body (2) by adopting a plurality of heat exchange units, and pushing the movable protection shed to a mining working surface (1);
step five, assembling the cooling and dedusting control device, wherein the process is as follows:
501, extending a local air duct (12) into a movable protection shed (22), installing an air pressure pipe (18) and an atomizing nozzle (6) on the top of the inner wall of one end, close to a mining working surface (1), of the movable protection shed (22), and communicating the atomizing nozzle (6) with a heat exchange water pipe in a cooling layer (3);
502, communicating one end, far away from a mining working surface (1), of a heat exchange water pipe in a cooling layer (3) with a cold water tank, and communicating one end, far away from the mining working surface (1), of the heat exchange water pipe in a heat absorption layer (4) with a waste heat collection water tank;
step 503, the air inlet shaft (10) transmits high-pressure air to the air pressure pipe (18) through the air pressure transmission pipe, the high-pressure air forms a downward inclined air curtain (5) through a row of air pressure holes, and the air inlet shaft (10) transmits fresh air flow (23) to the local air cylinder (12) through the air pump (13);
step six, temperature reduction and dust removal of the tunneling working face: when cold water flows in the heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer (3), the temperature of the heat exchange shell of the cooling layer (3) is reduced, and convective heat exchange is carried out between the air flow and the heat exchange shell of the cooling layer (3), so that the temperature of the air flow is reduced, and the temperature of the area of the driving working face is reduced;
cold water in the heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer (3) flows into the heat exchange water pipe arranged in the heat absorption layer (4) after absorbing wind flow heat, the heat exchange water pipe in the heat absorption layer (4) absorbs heat in the surrounding environment to accelerate cooling of surrounding rocks of the roadway, and warm water formed after cold water absorbs heat and is heated can be recycled through the waste heat collecting water tank;
the atomizing nozzle (6) supplies water from one end of a heat exchange water pipe in the cooling layer (3) close to the mining working surface (1), and the atomizing nozzle (6) sprays water mist towards the mining working surface (1) to adsorb dust and reduce dust;
the air curtain (5) separates the air flow in the mining working face (1) and the movable protective shed (22) from flowing, after the fresh air flow (23) is released from the local wind barrel (12), a part of the fresh air flow (23) passes through the air curtain (5) to jet the mining working face (1), and the air flow rotates to flow to the air return gap (7) after impacting the mining working face (1), at the moment, under the separation action of the air curtain (5), the exchange air flow (24) with dust after contacting the mining working face (1) is difficult to flow into the movable protective shed (22), and meanwhile, the air flow speed of the wall surface of the roadway is increased, and the heat release and the temperature reduction of surrounding rocks of the wall surface of the roadway are promoted; the other part of the fresh air flow (23) does not pass through the air curtain (5), and the fresh air flow (23) flows in the movable protective shed (22) to provide a clean air source for miners in the dense working area (8).
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: the included angle between the projection line of the wind pressure pipe (18) on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10-15 degrees, and the included angle between the plane of the air curtain (5) and the cross section of the roadway is 15-20 degrees.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein: in the sixth step, the included angle between the projection line of the air pressure pipe (18) on the ground and the cross section of the roadway is 10 degrees, so that the air curtain (5) on the side of the movable protective shed (22) far away from the local air cylinder is prevented from forming local negative pressure, the return air flow is prevented from flowing into the movable protective shed (22), and the exchange air flow (24) is forced to flow into the return air gap (7) under the action of the air curtain (5);
the included angle between the plane of the air curtain (5) and the cross section of the roadway is 15 degrees, namely, the air current is blown to the mining working face (1) in an inclined mode, on one hand, the air current can flow into the mining working face (1) favorably, on the other hand, the impedance strength of the air curtain (5) to the return air current of the mining working face (1) can be increased, and the return air current of the mining working face (1) is reduced and flows back to the movable protective shed (22).
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