CN102767387A - Excavation tunnel heat-insulation flow-dividing heat discharge cooling method - Google Patents
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- CN102767387A CN102767387A CN2012102583354A CN201210258335A CN102767387A CN 102767387 A CN102767387 A CN 102767387A CN 2012102583354 A CN2012102583354 A CN 2012102583354A CN 201210258335 A CN201210258335 A CN 201210258335A CN 102767387 A CN102767387 A CN 102767387A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an excavation tunnel heat-insulation flow-dividing heat discharge cooling method. In the method, a closed heat insulation board with a shape similar to the shape of the peripheral wall of a tunnel is disposed at a distance from the peripheral wall of the tunnel and along the excavation direction; the heat insulation board divides the air flow inside the tunnel into a main flow channel air flow in the middle of the tunnel and an auxiliary flow channel air flow between the heat insulation board and the peripheral wall surrounding rock of the tunnel; in the main flow channel is disposed an air duct connected with an auxiliary fan; partial harmful gas/dust and heat/moisture of a heading face and heat/moisture of the tunnel surrounding rock are discharged via the auxiliary flow channel; and convection heat transfer and moisture exchange between surrounding air of the tunnel surrounding rock and air in the middle of the tunnel are blocked by the heat insulation board. The inventive method increases heat resistance of heat transfer of the tunnel peripheral wall, reduces the quantity of heat transferred to the middle of the tunnel from the tunnel surrounding rock, blocks convection heat transfer and moisture exchange between surrounding air of the tunnel surrounding rock and air in the middle of the tunnel, and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient maintenance, economical operation and remarkable cooling efficiency, compared with other cooling methods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to falling temperature technique field, mine, be specifically related to the heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling of a kind of digging laneway method.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of the pit mining degree of depth, ground temperature constantly raises, and mine air humidity strengthens gradually.High temperature, high humidity environment can have a strong impact on the production efficiency and the safety of underground operators.According to investigations, the thermal source of high-temperature mine is mainly from the rock temperature of tunnel wall.The miner works long hours under hot and humid environment, can cause body temperature to raise, and metabolism gets muddled, a large amount of dehydrations of body, and the normal function of some physiological systems changes, and causes heatstroke, also death can occur when serious.Miner's work under the environment of high humidity for a long time can be suffered from diseases such as rheumatism, skin disease, cutaneum carcinoma, heart disease and urinary system.In addition, the miner is absent-minded in hot environment, tired, general weakness, having dizzy spells causes labor productivity to reduce greatly, shows that according to the South Africa data work plane temperature is above standard 1 ℃, and workman's efficiency reduces by 7%～10%; The statistics of the former Soviet Union shows that when the work plane temperature reached 30 ℃ above 26 ℃, the efficiency coefficient was 0.8, and when being higher than 30 ℃, the efficiency coefficient is 0.7.Miner's operation meeting in hot environment causes the down-hole accident incidence to increase, and according to the introduction of foreign statistic data, when temperature surpassed 30 ℃ in the underground work place, the accident rate ratio was high 1～1.5 times when being lower than 30 ℃.This shows that hot and humid subsurface environment has become underground thermal pollution.Driving face is the important process place that mine is produced, because its special environmental conditions, heat evil problem is stood in the breach.Therefore, the control of the heat of driving face evil is a problem demanding prompt solution.
New " safety regulations in coal mine " regulation that China implemented in 2010: mine main getting working face air themperature must not surpass 26 ℃, and the air themperature of electromechanical equipment chamber must not surpass 30 ℃, if surpass this temperature upper limit, should take cooling measure.The cool-down method that at present mine is commonly used has two types of unartificial refrigeration cool-down method and artificial cooling cool-down methods.
One, unartificial refrigeration cool-down measure
1, aeration-cooling (increases air quantity and adopts rational draft type)
Not too under the serious situation, increase the effect that air quantity can play cooling at underground thermal pollution.Air quantity increases, and the heat of the crag of taking away increases, and the heat of absorption of air reduces, and temperature reduces.Common measure has: reduce windage, prevent to leak out, strengthen the ventilation fan ability, adopt and rationally divide wind and auxiliary wind path ventilation method, reinforcement ventilating management etc.
Adopt rational draft type; Change ascensional ventilation into downward ventilation, downward ventilation is meant the flow direction of coal-face air intake and direction that coal petrography transports in the same way, and the heat that discharges of the heat that in transportation, discharges of coal petrography and electromechanical equipment no longer returns work plane like this; Thereby improve work plane and go into distinguished and admirable air conditions; Temperature was lower when distinguished and admirable process was adopted face, showed according to domestic and international test, the same wind facies ratio that works; Following sector-style generally can make the work plane inlet air temperature reduce by 3 ℃, and work plane exit temperature reduces by 1 ℃.
2, control heat resource method cooling
(1) control of country rock heat
When the country rock temperature is very high, adopt some heat insulation materials to be sprayed on the crag, stop country rock that heat is passed to the air in the tunnel.Through actual measurement, down-hole country rock temperature greater than 35 ℃ of conditions under, this measure can make 3 ℃～4.5 ℃ of the maximum reductions of the temperature the tunnel in, work plane can reduce by 2 ℃～3 ℃.But some experts are through the research proof, and thermal insulation material is through losing efficacy behind the certain hour.Press for exploitation a kind of reasonable price, raw material sources at present extensively and be applicable to the high efficiency heat insulation material of the low heat transfer coefficient of down-hole construction.
(2) control of electromechanical equipment heat heat radiation
Dynamo-electric chamber is taked independent ventilation, selects auxiliary blower to be installed in rational position, is arranged in return airway to the auxiliary equipment of work plane as far as possible, avoids the use of inefficient machinery etc.
(3) control of hot water and pipeline thermal
For the high temperature pipe in the mine (comprising high temperature gutter and hot pressing airduct), can it be arranged in air-return duct, or with sending into the down-hole after the compressed air cooling.For mine hot water, drainage is reduced to water level below the mining depth in advance, and hot water is discharged to ground via heat-insulating pipeline, or imports sump through the ditch that heat insulation cover plate is arranged.Practice data proves that changing the open fire ditch is dark ditch, reduces the heat dissipation capacity of hot water to the roadway air, can make the roadway wind-warm syndrome reduce by 0. 7%.
(4) control of explosion heat
The heat that the down-hole mining explosion produces, generally after the explosion directly outside air-return duct is discharged to well, should the activity durations such as blasting time and coal mining, driving be staggered simultaneously.
3, precooling intake airflow
Adopt non-refrigeration measure to reduce the airflow temperature that gets into work plane.As let wind circulation cross one section tunnel that spray water mist is arranged, and with its cooling, this method can reach the purpose of cooling and depositing dust, and its shortcoming is exactly to increase distinguished and admirable humidity, might cause the operating environment of high humidity.In addition can be with low rock temperature tunnel cooling airflow.This technology is proposed by China Northeastern University the earliest, is on the basis of the mensuration of formation downhole temperature, utilizes a large amount of discarded tunnel of being positioned at the thermostat layer place to carry out the precooling cooling to inlet air is distinguished and admirable.Prove that through on-the-spot practical measurement that passes through the low-temperature formation precooling goes into distinguished and admirable temperature than directly being got into the distinguished and admirable temperature of going into of down-hole by downcast low 3～5 ℃.
4, individual protection cooling
In the high-temperature operation place that inconvenience takes to concentrate cooling measure, can adopt the individual protection measure.So-called individual protection measure is meant and lets the operating personnel put on cooling clothes, carries out individual protect.Its effect is, when environment temperature is higher, can prevent its convection current and radiant heat transfer to health, and the metabolic heat energy that human body is produced in manual labor is more easily passed to the refrigerant in the cooling clothes.The scope of application of cooling clothes is very wide, and the refrigeration cost is merely about 1/5 of other refrigeration cost, thereby a lot of country is at the development cooling clothes.For example a kind of sleeveless jacket ice bag clothes were developed in South Africa, were made up of 12～16 little ice bags, iced heavy 4.5 kg, can supply the miner in the damp and hot environment in down-hole, to carry out moderate strength work 3～4h.
Two, artificial cooling cooling measure
1, mechanical refrigeration water for cooling air-conditioning system
This system utilizes refrigeration machine to produce cold water, cold water is delivered in the air cooler through defeated cold pipeline by water pump, through air cooler cold is passed to distinguished and admirablely again, and cooling airflow reduces airflow temperature, to the getting working face cooling, to reach the purpose of refrigeration cool-down.Position according to chiller plant is arranged is different, is divided into mainly that the down-hole is centralized, ground is centralized, ground, down-hole association type and down-hole disperse local.Refrigeration machine can be divided into complete electricity refrigeration, air source heat pump refrigeration and water resource heat pump refrigeration by energy source.In any case, this method always is cost with the consumed energy.
2, artificial ice making cooling
The principle of artificial ice making cooling is granular ice or the mud shape ice that ice plant produces on ground, is delivered to the deicing device of down-hole through wind-force or waterpower, and in deicing device, ice and down-hole air-conditioning backwater direct heat transfer reduce the temperature of air-conditioning backwater.The characteristics of artificial cooling cooling: (1) main thawing latent heat cooling that utilizes ice obtains the required ice amount of identical cold and is merely 1/5～1/4 of cool water quantity.(2) ice and the direct heat transfer of air-conditioning backwater, heat exchange efficiency is high, can obtain the low-temperature cold water about 1 ℃.The water yield demand of air cooler obviously reduces like this, thereby has reduced the conveying energy consumption of chilled water pump.(3) ice making equipment is arranged at ground, not only helps heat extraction, improves refrigerating efficiency, and has reduced the extra heat load that equipment places the down-hole to produce.Artificial ice making good cooling effect, less to the influence of surrounding environment, be applicable to mining depth, the mine that chilling requirement is big.
3, compressed air refrigeration cooling
Compressed air refrigeration is to utilize to calm the anger as the cooling medium, directly to the getting working face ejector refrigeration.The compressed air refrigeration air-conditioning has forms such as turbine type air cooling, variable displacement type air cooling, eddy current tubular type air cooling and the injector refrigeration of calming the anger.Because the limitation that back three kinds of forms are used, turbine type air cooling are present the most frequently used mine air conditioner systems.The turbine type air-refrigeration system is to utilize compressed air through the acting of turbine adiabatic expansion, makes air cooling.As high-temperature mine air-conditioning terminal, system is simple with cold air machine, and defeated cold pipeline is few, and pressure-bearing is little, and material requires low, and construction difficulty is low, does not have explosion-proof problem, air be cold-producing medium be again refrigerating medium, non-environmental-pollution, application prospect is better.But this system needs mine to have sufficient compressed gas source, and investment and operating cost are higher.The compressed air refrigeration cooling-down effect is better, and is bigger to surrounding environment influence, is applicable to the mine that exploitation is shallow, chilling requirement is little, coal dust concentration is higher.
4, CCHP air-conditioning temperature-reducing
The CCHP air-conditioning temperature-reducing is exactly mine cooling low-temperature receiver and colliery thermo-power station cooperation.Utilize the gas electricity that extracts, be configured to the Absorption Refrigerator that thermo-power station is a thermal source again, produce the required cold of high-temperature mine cooling.The technology of gas electricity technology maturation has at present: gas turbine power generation, gas-turbine generating, gas electricity generator generating, combined cycle system generating and heat-electricity-cold combined supply gas electricity etc.So not only utilize mine gas, and alleviated the mine gas disaster effectively, promoted the safety of coal mines High-efficient Production, significantly reduced the pollution that drawing-off gas causes, obtained good benefits in environment and social benefit.The CCHP air-conditioning temperature-reducing is effective, and is little to the influence of surrounding environment, is applicable to that exploitation is dark, highly gassy mine.
Analysis through to above method can know that traditional cool-down method all has its limitation.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be primarily aimed at high temperature, high humidity driving face, a kind of heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling of digging laneway method that is used for the control of driving face heat evil is provided with rock Wen Weizhu.
The objective of the invention is to realize through following technical scheme: the heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling of this digging laneway method is that the insulating board of imitating tunnel perisporium shape and having seal is being set apart from tunnel perisporium certain size, along the tunnelling direction; Insulating board is distinguished and admirable with the secondary channels that distinguished and admirable in the tunnel is divided between sprue in the middle of the tunnel distinguished and admirable and insulating board and the tunnel perisporium country rock; In sprue, be provided with the air duct that links to each other with booster; The harmful gas dirt of part heat wet with heat and roadway surrounding rock through secondary channels discharging driving face is wet; The convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection and wet exchange that cut off roadway surrounding rock ambient air and tunnel intermediate air through insulating board.
The end that is positioned at driving face at said insulating board is provided with the deflector of adjustable-angle, and makes deflector centroclinal towards the tunnel; Deflector is used to organize the air-flow and the discharge capacity that improves secondary channels of work plane.
Said insulating board adopts coefficient of thermal conductivity to process less than the thermal insulation material of 0.05W/M.K; Said insulating board is fixed on the excavation support.
The present invention mainly is at the insulating board that one airtight performance better (not leaking out) is set in tunnel perisporium (being back, two nations); It is distinguished and admirable that distinguished and admirable in the middle of distinguished and admirable being divided into two that insulating board is sent forced booster to the fluidised form of two strands of air-flows (can different), tunnel taken as the leading factor, is sprue, the warm and humid environment in its decision tunnel; Distinguished and admirable distinguished and admirable for heat extraction between insulating board and the roadway surrounding rock is secondary channels, and the harmful gas dirt of the part heat wet with heat and roadway surrounding rock of mainly discharging driving face is wet.This insulating board has also formed the complex heat transfer structure (roadway surrounding rock, insulating board and between air layer) of a kind of multicomponent, nonuniformity at tunnel-surrounding; It has increased the heat transfer resistance of tunnel perisporium, has reduced the heat conduction amount of roadway surrounding rock in the middle of the tunnel; The convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection and wet exchange that have cut off roadway surrounding rock ambient air and tunnel intermediate air; Insulating board has stoped the radiant heat transfer between human body in the middle of roadway surrounding rock and the tunnel, equipment, the facility.Compare other cool-down methods, simple structure of the present invention, easy to maintenance, economical operation, cooling efficient are obvious.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the vertical section structure sketch map of the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure sketch map of the embodiment of the invention.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further description.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, present embodiment comprises and being arranged in the tunnel 1 that imitative tunnel perisporium shape is top board, two nation's shapes in tunnel, and apart from the insulating board 4 of tunnel perisporium certain size.Insulating board 4 adopts coefficient of thermal conductivity to process less than the thermal insulation material of 0.05W/M.K, and is fixed on the excavation support.Insulating board 4 is divided into middle sprue 5 in tunnel and the secondary channels 6 between insulating board 4 and the tunnel perisporium country rock with tunnel 1.Visible from figure, the end that insulating board 4 is positioned at driving face 7 is connected with the deflector 8 of adjustable-angle, and deflector 8 is centroclinal towards the tunnel, and deflector 8 is used to organize the air-flow and the discharge capacity that improves secondary channels 6 of driving face 7.Also visible from figure, the air duct 3 that is connected with booster 2 is arranged in the sprue 5.Wherein, the width dimensions B between insulating board 4 and the tunnel perisporium country rock will design according to drift section and fan capacity etc.
The course of work of the present invention is: when air is sent into driving face through forced booster; After harmful gas dirt of dilution work plane wet with heat, weary general mood stream was divided into two strands, and one gets into sprue; The warm and humid environment in its decision tunnel; Another strand gets into secondary channels, and the harmful gas dirt of part that discharges driving face on the one hand is wet with heat, and it is wet that this air-flow can continue to discharge the heat of roadway surrounding rock on the other hand.Owing to the shunting heat-blocking action of this insulating board, reduced the hot humidity load of sprue widely, improved the warm and humid environment of digging laneway.
Claims (3)
1. the heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling of a digging laneway method is characterized in that: the insulating board of imitating tunnel perisporium shape and having seal is being set apart from tunnel perisporium certain size, along the tunnelling direction; Insulating board is distinguished and admirable with the secondary channels that distinguished and admirable in the tunnel is divided between sprue in the middle of the tunnel distinguished and admirable and insulating board and the tunnel perisporium country rock; In sprue, be provided with the air duct that links to each other with booster; The harmful gas dirt of part heat wet with heat and roadway surrounding rock through secondary channels discharging driving face is wet; The convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection and wet exchange that cut off roadway surrounding rock ambient air and tunnel intermediate air through insulating board.
2. the heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling of digging laneway according to claim 1 method, it is characterized in that: the end that is positioned at driving face at said insulating board is provided with the deflector of adjustable-angle, and makes deflector centroclinal towards the tunnel; Deflector is used to organize the air-flow and the discharge capacity that improves secondary channels of work plane.
3. the heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling of digging laneway according to claim 1 and 2 method is characterized in that: said insulating board adopts coefficient of thermal conductivity to process less than the thermal insulation material of 0.05W/M.K; Said insulating board is fixed on the excavation support.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105386785A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Cooling system for water film plate heat exchanger attached to high-temperature mine laneway wall surface |
| CN106089284A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-09 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Mine pneumatic cooling and warming booster and method of ventilation |
| CN107227971A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The method that cold wind controls high temperature stope operation area environment temperature every account |
| CN108894812A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-27 | 北京建筑大学 | The underground tunneling roadway cooling and dehumidifying system of high temperature and humidity mine |
| CN108915754A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-30 | 北京建筑大学 | The dehumidifying of shallow-layer cold energy circulation temperature lowering and waste heat utilization system for mine development end tunnel |
| CN110905581A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 湖南工程学院 | Movable type excavation roadway cooling equipment |
| CN112796819A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-14 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Ventilation, dust removal and cooling combined system for underground mine roadway excavation |
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Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105386785A (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2016-03-09 | 中国矿业大学 | Cooling system for water film plate heat exchanger attached to high-temperature mine laneway wall surface |
| CN105386785B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-07-04 | 中国矿业大学 | High-temperature mine tunnel wall attaches moisture film plate heat exchanger cooling system |
| CN107227971A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The method that cold wind controls high temperature stope operation area environment temperature every account |
| CN106089284A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-09 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Mine pneumatic cooling and warming booster and method of ventilation |
| CN108894812A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-27 | 北京建筑大学 | The underground tunneling roadway cooling and dehumidifying system of high temperature and humidity mine |
| CN108915754A (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2018-11-30 | 北京建筑大学 | The dehumidifying of shallow-layer cold energy circulation temperature lowering and waste heat utilization system for mine development end tunnel |
| CN108894812B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-04-21 | 北京建筑大学 | Underground tunneling roadway cooling and dehumidifying system for high-temperature and high-humidity mine |
| CN108915754B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-10-16 | 北京建筑大学 | Shallow cold energy circulating cooling dehumidification and waste heat utilization system for mine excavation roadway |
| CN110905581A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-03-24 | 湖南工程学院 | Movable type excavation roadway cooling equipment |
| CN110905581B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-15 | 湖南工程学院 | Movable type excavation roadway cooling equipment |
| CN112796819A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-14 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Ventilation, dust removal and cooling combined system for underground mine roadway excavation |
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| CN102767387B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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