CN102767387B - Excavation tunnel heat-insulation flow-dividing heat discharge cooling method - Google Patents
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- CN102767387B CN102767387B CN201210258335.4A CN201210258335A CN102767387B CN 102767387 B CN102767387 B CN 102767387B CN 201210258335 A CN201210258335 A CN 201210258335A CN 102767387 B CN102767387 B CN 102767387B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an excavation tunnel heat-insulation flow-dividing heat discharge cooling method. In the method, a closed heat insulation board with a shape similar to the shape of the peripheral wall of a tunnel is disposed at a distance from the peripheral wall of the tunnel and along the excavation direction; the heat insulation board divides the air flow inside the tunnel into a main flow channel air flow in the middle of the tunnel and an auxiliary flow channel air flow between the heat insulation board and the peripheral wall surrounding rock of the tunnel; in the main flow channel is disposed an air duct connected with an auxiliary fan; partial harmful gas/dust and heat/moisture of a heading face and heat/moisture of the tunnel surrounding rock are discharged via the auxiliary flow channel; and convection heat transfer and moisture exchange between surrounding air of the tunnel surrounding rock and air in the middle of the tunnel are blocked by the heat insulation board. The inventive method increases heat resistance of heat transfer of the tunnel peripheral wall, reduces the quantity of heat transferred to the middle of the tunnel from the tunnel surrounding rock, blocks convection heat transfer and moisture exchange between surrounding air of the tunnel surrounding rock and air in the middle of the tunnel, and has the characteristics of simple structure, convenient maintenance, economical operation and remarkable cooling efficiency, compared with other cooling methods.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to falling temperature technique field, mine, be specifically related to a kind of digging laneway heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling method.
Background technology
Along with the continuous increase of the pit mining degree of depth, ground temperature constantly raises, and mine air humidity strengthens gradually.High temperature, high humidity environment can have a strong impact on production efficiency and the safety of underground operators.According to investigations, the thermal source of high-temperature mine is mainly from the rock temperature of tunnel wall.Miner works long hours under hot and humid environment, and body temperature can be caused to raise, and metabolism gets muddled, a large amount of dehydration of body, and the normal function of some physiological systems changes, and causes heatstroke, also there will be death time serious.Miner works for a long time under the environment of high humidity, can suffer from the diseases such as rheumatism, skin disease, cutaneum carcinoma, heart disease and urinary system.In addition, miner is absent-minded in hot environment, tired, general weakness, having dizzy spells causes labor productivity greatly to reduce, and according to the display of South Africa data, work plane temperature is above standard 1 DEG C, and the efficiency of workman reduces by 7% ~ 10%; The statistics of the former Soviet Union shows, when work plane temperature reaches 30 DEG C more than 26 DEG C, efficiency coefficient is 0.8, and during higher than 30 DEG C, efficiency coefficient is 0.7.Miner's operation in hot environment can cause down-hole accident incidence to increase, and according to the introduction of foreign statistic data, when underground work place temperature is more than 30 DEG C, accident rate ratio is lower than high 1 ~ 1.5 times when 30 DEG C.As can be seen here, hot and humid subsurface environment becomes underground thermal pollution.Driving face is the important process place of shaft production, and due to the ambient conditions that it is special, heat evil problem is stood in the breach.Therefore, the heat evil control of driving face is problem demanding prompt solution.
New " safety regulations in coal mine " regulation that China implements for 2010: mine main getting working face air themperature must not more than 26 DEG C, and the air themperature of electromechanical equipment chamber more than 30 DEG C, if exceed this temperature upper limit, must not should take cooling measure.The cool-down method that current mine is conventional has unartificial refrigeration cool-down method and artificial cooling cool-down method two class.
One, unartificial refrigeration cool-down measure
1, aeration-cooling (increase air quantity and adopt rational draft type)
When underground thermal pollution is not too serious, increase the effect that air quantity can play cooling.Air quantity increases, and the heat of the crag taken away increases, and the heat of absorption of air reduces, and temperature reduces.Common measure has: reduce windage, prevent from leaking out, stronger ventilation capabilities, adopt rationally point wind and auxiliary wind path ventilation method, strengthen ventilating management etc.
Adopt rational draft type, change ascensional ventilation into downward ventilation, downward ventilation refers to that direction that the flow direction of coal-face air intake and coal petrography transport in the same way, the heat of the heat that such coal petrography discharges in transportation and electromechanical equipment release no longer returns work plane, thus improve work plane and enter distinguished and admirable air conditions, it is lower that distinguished and admirable process adopts face temperature, show according to test both at home and abroad, the same wind facies ratio that works, descending airflow generally can make work plane inlet air temperature reduce by 3 DEG C, and work plane exit temperature reduces by 1 DEG C.
2, control of heat source method cooling
(1) control of country rock heat
When country rock temperature is very high, adopt some heat insulation materials to be sprayed on crag, heat is passed to the air in tunnel by prevention country rock.Through actual measurement, under down-hole country rock temperature is greater than 35 DEG C of conditions, this measure can make the maximum temperature in tunnel reduce by 3 DEG C ~ 4.5 DEG C, and work plane can reduce by 2 DEG C ~ 3 DEG C.But some experts prove through research, and thermal insulation material can lose efficacy after certain hour.At present in the urgent need to developing a kind of reasonable price, raw material sources extensively and be applicable to the high efficiency heat insulation material of the low heat transfer coefficient of underground construction.
(2) control of electromechanical equipment heat heat radiation
Dynamo-electric chamber takes independent ventilation, selects auxiliary blower to be arranged on rational position, the auxiliary equipment of work plane is arranged in return airway as far as possible, avoids using inefficient machinery etc.
(3) control of hot water and pipeline thermal
For the high-temperature pipe (comprising high temperature gutter and hot pressing airduct) in mine, can air-return duct be arranged in, or be sent after pressure-air cooling into down-hole.For mine hot water, can Dewatering by leading level, water level is reduced to below mining depth, and hot water is discharged to ground via heat-insulating pipeline, or through there being the ditch of heat insulation cover plate to import sump.Practice data proves, changing open fire ditch is dark ditch, reduces hot water to the heat dissipation capacity of roadway air, and roadway wind-warm syndrome can be made to reduce by 0. 7%.
(4) control of explosion heat
The heat that down-hole mining explosion produces, is generally directly discharged to outside well through air-return duct, blasting time and the activity duration such as coal mining, driving should be staggered simultaneously after explosion.
3, precooling intake airflow
Non-brake method measure is adopted to reduce the airflow temperature entering work plane.As allowed the distinguished and admirable tunnel being had spray water mist by a section, cooled, the method can reach the object of cooling and depositing dust, and its shortcoming is exactly to increase distinguished and admirable humidity, likely can cause the operating environment of high humidity.In addition can with low rock temperature tunnel cooling airflow.This technology is proposed by Northeastern University of China the earliest, is on the basis of the mensuration of formation downhole temperature, utilizes a large amount of discarded tunnel being positioned at thermostat layer place to carry out precooling cooling to inlet air is distinguished and admirable.Proved by on-the-spot practical measurement, through low-temperature formation precooling enter airflow temperature than directly entered down-hole by downcast to enter airflow temperature low 3 ~ 5 DEG C.
4, individual protection cooling
Take the high-temperature operation place of concentrated cooling measure in inconvenience, individual protection measure can be adopted.So-called individual protection measure refers to and allows operating personnel put on cooling clothes, carries out individual protect.Its effect is, when environment temperature is higher, it can be prevented the convection current of health and radiant heat transfer, the metabolic heat energy that human body is produced in manual labor passes to the refrigerant in cooling clothes relatively easily.The scope of application of cooling clothes is very wide, and refrigeration cost is only about 1/5 of other refrigeration cost, and thus a lot of country is at development cooling clothes.A kind of sleeveless jacket ice bag clothes were developed in such as South Africa, and be made up of 12 ~ 16 little ice bags, ice weighs 4.5 kg, can carry out moderate strength work 3 ~ 4h for miner in the environment that down-hole is damp and hot.
Two, artificial cooling cooling measure
1, mechanical refrigeration water for cooling air-conditioning system
This system utilizes refrigeration machine to produce cold water, delivered in air cooler by cold water, then passed to by cold distinguished and admirable by air cooler, cooling airflow, airflow temperature is reduced by water pump by defeated cold pipeline, to getting working face cooling, to reach the object of refrigeration cool-down.Different according to the position that chiller plant is arranged, be mainly divided into that down-hole is centralized, ground is centralized, down-hole integrated ground formula and dispersion local, down-hole formula.Refrigeration machine can be divided into electricity refrigeration, air source heat pump refrigeration and water resource heat pump refrigeration completely by energy source.In any case, the method is always cost with consumed energy.
2, artificial ice making cooling
The principle of artificial ice making cooling is the granular ice or pureed ice produced in ground ice plant, and by wind-force or Hydraulic transportation to the deicing device of down-hole, in deicing device, ice and down-hole air-conditioning backwater direct heat transfer, make the temperature of air-conditioning backwater reduce.The feature of artificial cooling cooling: (1) mainly utilizes the latent heat of ice to lower the temperature, and the ice amount obtained needed for identical cold is only 1/5 ~ 1/4 of cool water quantity.(2) ice and the direct heat transfer of air-conditioning backwater, heat exchange efficiency is high, can obtain the low-temperature cold water of about 1 DEG C.The water demand of such air cooler obviously reduces, thus decreases the conveying energy consumption of chilled water pump.(3) ice making equipment is arranged at ground, is not only conducive to heat extraction, improves refrigerating efficiency, and the equipment that decreases is placed in the extra heat load of down-hole generation.Artificial ice making good cooling effect, less on the impact of surrounding environment, be applicable to mining depth, mine that chilling requirement is large.
3, compressed air refrigeration cooling
Compressed air refrigeration utilizes to calm the anger as cold medium, directly to getting working face ejector refrigeration.Compressed air refrigeration air-conditioning has turbine type air cooling, variable displacement type air cooling, vortex tube air cooling and the forms such as injector refrigeration of calming the anger.Due to the limitation that rear three kinds of forms use, turbine type air cooling is underground airconditioning system the most frequently used at present.Turbine type air-refrigeration system utilizes compressed air through the acting of turbine adiabatic expansion, makes air cooling.With cold air machine as high-temperature mine conditioner terminal air, system is simple, and defeated cold pipeline is few, and pressure-bearing is little, and material requires low, and construction difficulty is low, and without Explosion-Proof, air is cold-producing medium and refrigerating medium, non-environmental-pollution, and application prospect is better.But this system needs mine to have sufficient compressed gas source, and investment and operating cost higher.Compressed air refrigeration cooling-down effect is better, comparatively large to surrounding environment influence, is applicable to exploit the mine shallow, chilling requirement is little, Dust Concentration is higher.
4, CCHP air-conditioning temperature-reducing
CCHP air-conditioning temperature-reducing is exactly mine cooling low-temperature receiver and colliery thermo-power station cooperation.Utilize the gas electricity extracted, then be configured to the Absorption Refrigerator that thermo-power station is thermal source, produce the cold needed for high-temperature mine cooling.The technique of current gas power generation technology maturation has: gas turbine power generation, gas-turbine generating, gas electricity generator generating, combined cycle system generating and heat-electricity-cold combined supply gas electricity etc.So not only make use of mine gas, and effectively alleviate mine gas disaster, facilitate safety of coal mines High-efficient Production, greatly reduce the pollution that drawing-off gas causes, obtain good environmental benefit and social benefit.CCHP air-conditioning temperature-reducing is effective, little on the impact of surrounding environment, is applicable to exploit comparatively dark, highly gassy mine.
Its limitation is all had by known to the analysis of above method, traditional cool-down method.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, mainly for the high temperature of rock Wen Weizhu, high humidity driving face, provide a kind of digging laneway heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling method for the control of driving face heat evil.
The object of the invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: this digging laneway heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling method is, at distance tunnel perisporium certain size, imitative tunnel perisporium shape is set along tunnelling direction and there is the insulating board of seal; Insulating board is by distinguished and admirable for distinguished and admirable distinguished and admirable and between insulating board and tunnel perisporium country rock the secondary channels of sprue being divided into tunnel middle in tunnel; The air duct be connected with booster is provided with in sprue; By secondary channels discharge driving face part be harmful to gas dirt and heat wets and the heat of roadway surrounding rock wet; The convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection being cut off roadway surrounding rock ambient air and tunnel intermediate air by insulating board is exchanged with wet.
The deflector of adjustable-angle is set in the end that described insulating board is positioned at driving face, and makes deflector centroclinal towards tunnel; Deflector is for organizing the air-flow of work plane and improving the discharge capacity of secondary channels.
The thermal insulation material that described insulating board adopts coefficient of thermal conductivity to be less than 0.05W/M.K is made; Described insulating board is fixed on excavation support.
The present invention is mainly at the insulating board arranging one airtight performance better (not leaking out) in tunnel perisporium (i.e. back, two nations); Distinguished and admirable be divided into two (fluidised form of two strands of air-flows can be different) that forced booster is sent to by insulating board, distinguished and admirable in the middle of tunnel is taken as the leading factor distinguished and admirable, and be sprue, its determines the warm and humid environment in tunnel; Between insulating board and roadway surrounding rock distinguished and admirable for heat extraction distinguished and admirable, be secondary channels, the part of primary discharge driving face is harmful to gas dirt and heat wets and the heat of roadway surrounding rock wet.This insulating board tunnel-surrounding also form a kind of multicomponent, nonuniformity complex heat transfer structure (roadway surrounding rock, insulating board and between air layer); Which increase the heat transfer resistance of tunnel perisporium, decrease the heat conduction amount of roadway surrounding rock in the middle of tunnel; The convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection having cut off roadway surrounding rock ambient air and tunnel intermediate air exchanges with wet; Insulating board prevents the radiant heat transfer between human body in the middle of roadway surrounding rock and tunnel, equipment, facility.Compare other cool-down methods, simple structure of the present invention, easy to maintenance, economical operation, cooling efficiency are obvious.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the vertical section structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional structure schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the invention will be further described.
See Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the present embodiment comprises and is arranged in tunnel 1, top board, two nation's shapes in imitative tunnel perisporium shape and tunnel, and the insulating board 4 of distance tunnel perisporium certain size.The thermal insulation material that insulating board 4 adopts coefficient of thermal conductivity to be less than 0.05W/M.K is made, and is fixed on excavation support.Tunnel 1 is divided into the sprue 5 in the middle of tunnel and the secondary channels 6 between insulating board 4 and tunnel perisporium country rock by insulating board 4.As seen from the figure, the end that insulating board 4 is positioned at driving face 7 is connected with the deflector 8 of adjustable-angle, and deflector 8 is centroclinal towards tunnel, and deflector 8 is for organizing the air-flow of driving face 7 and improving the discharge capacity of secondary channels 6.Be also shown in from figure, the air duct 3 be connected with booster 2 is arranged in sprue 5.Wherein, the width dimensions B between insulating board 4 and tunnel perisporium country rock will design according to drift section and fan capacity etc.
The course of work of the present invention is: when air sends into driving face by forced booster, after harmful gas dirt of dilution work plane and heat wet, weary general mood stream is divided into two strands, one enters sprue, it determines the warm and humid environment in tunnel, another stock enters secondary channels, and the part of one side discharge driving face is harmful to gas dirt and heat wets, and the heat that this air-flow of another aspect can continue to discharge roadway surrounding rock wets.Due to the shunting heat-blocking action of this insulating board, greatly reduce the hot humidity load of sprue, improve the warm and humid environment of digging laneway.
Claims (3)
1. a digging laneway heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling method, is characterized in that: at distance tunnel perisporium certain size, arrange imitative tunnel perisporium shape and have the insulating board of seal along tunnelling direction; Insulating board is by distinguished and admirable for distinguished and admirable distinguished and admirable and between insulating board and tunnel perisporium country rock the secondary channels of sprue being divided into tunnel middle in tunnel; The air duct be connected with booster is provided with in sprue; By secondary channels discharge driving face part be harmful to gas dirt and heat wets and the heat of roadway surrounding rock wet; The convection heat transfer' heat-transfer by convection being cut off roadway surrounding rock ambient air and tunnel intermediate air by insulating board is exchanged with wet.
2. digging laneway according to claim 1 heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling method, is characterized in that: the deflector arranging adjustable-angle in the end that described insulating board is positioned at driving face, and makes deflector centroclinal towards tunnel; Deflector is for organizing the air-flow of work plane and improving the discharge capacity of secondary channels.
3. digging laneway according to claim 1 and 2 heat insulation shunting heat elimination and cooling method, is characterized in that: the thermal insulation material that described insulating board adopts coefficient of thermal conductivity to be less than 0.05W/M.K is made; Described insulating board is fixed on excavation support.
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| CN201210258335.4A CN102767387B (en) | 2012-07-25 | 2012-07-25 | Excavation tunnel heat-insulation flow-dividing heat discharge cooling method |
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| CN102767387B true CN102767387B (en) | 2015-06-17 |
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| CN105386785B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-07-04 | 中国矿业大学 | High-temperature mine tunnel wall attaches moisture film plate heat exchanger cooling system |
| CN107227971A (en) * | 2016-03-24 | 2017-10-03 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The method that cold wind controls high temperature stope operation area environment temperature every account |
| CN106089284A (en) * | 2016-08-05 | 2016-11-09 | 淮南矿业(集团)有限责任公司 | Mine pneumatic cooling and warming booster and method of ventilation |
| CN108915754B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-10-16 | 北京建筑大学 | Shallow cold energy circulating cooling dehumidification and waste heat utilization system for mine excavation roadway |
| CN108894812B (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2020-04-21 | 北京建筑大学 | Underground tunneling roadway cooling and dehumidifying system for high-temperature and high-humidity mine |
| CN110905581B (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2021-06-15 | 湖南工程学院 | Movable type excavation roadway cooling equipment |
| CN112796819A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-05-14 | 中钢集团马鞍山矿山研究总院股份有限公司 | Ventilation, dust removal and cooling combined system for underground mine roadway excavation |
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| SU1578363A1 (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1990-07-15 | Институт технической теплофизики АН УССР | Mine heat-insulating screen |
| CN1594836A (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2005-03-16 | 西南交通大学 | Device for keeping plateau tunnel thermal stability |
| CN101761352A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2010-06-30 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Ventilation method for inclined well and construction workface in tunnel construction |
| CN101787895A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2010-07-28 | 河南理工大学 | Double-layer folding heat-insulated barrel for use in coal mine roadway |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1578363A1 (en) * | 1988-07-20 | 1990-07-15 | Институт технической теплофизики АН УССР | Mine heat-insulating screen |
| CN1594836A (en) * | 2004-06-24 | 2005-03-16 | 西南交通大学 | Device for keeping plateau tunnel thermal stability |
| CN101761352A (en) * | 2010-01-13 | 2010-06-30 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Ventilation method for inclined well and construction workface in tunnel construction |
| CN101787895A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2010-07-28 | 河南理工大学 | Double-layer folding heat-insulated barrel for use in coal mine roadway |
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Effective date of registration: 20201223 Address after: 224300 Xinxing Industrial Park, CHANGDANG Town, Sheyang County, Yancheng City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: YANCHENG JIEJING TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 411201 No. 2 stone wharf, Yuhu District, Hunan, Xiangtan Patentee before: Hunan University of Science and Technology |
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