CN113088677A - Water restraint layer device of laser shock peening technology and measuring method thereof - Google Patents
Water restraint layer device of laser shock peening technology and measuring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113088677A CN113088677A CN202110380072.3A CN202110380072A CN113088677A CN 113088677 A CN113088677 A CN 113088677A CN 202110380072 A CN202110380072 A CN 202110380072A CN 113088677 A CN113088677 A CN 113088677A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D10/00—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation
- C21D10/005—Modifying the physical properties by methods other than heat treatment or deformation by laser shock processing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
- G01B11/06—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness for measuring thickness ; e.g. of sheet material
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the part surface treatment technology, and relates to a water restraint layer device of a laser shock peening technology and a measuring method thereof; the invention adopts a laser thickness gauge based on the light refraction principle and assists a related photoelectric converter to form a real-time monitoring and feedback system, and is integrated with a control system of laser shock peening equipment to form a whole set of device capable of accurately measuring the thickness of a water constraint layer, dynamically feeding back a signal and adjusting the posture of a robot in real time and a using method thereof; the device and the method have the advantages of no damage, high accuracy, high efficiency and the like; the position of the measuring point has a large influence on the measuring accuracy, and a part with smooth water flow and uniform thickness is selected; the measurement accuracy is improved by averaging 5 to 10 instantaneous measurements and eliminating abnormal measurement values with an amplitude greater than 50% of the average value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technology of part surface treatment, and relates to a water restraint layer device of a laser shock peening technology and a measuring method thereof.
Background
The laser shock peening technology is a new surface strengthening treatment method and its principle is high power density (GW/cm)2) And short pulse (ns level) laser pulse induces plasma shock waves to generate impact force, so that the surface of the material is subjected to elastic-plastic deformation to form a deep residual compressive stress layer and a tissue strengthening layer. The technology is mainly used for improving the high cycle fatigue performance of the blades/blade discs of the aircraft engines, and is popularized and applied to various fields of machine manufacturing, spaceflight, weapons, automobiles, nuclear power stations and the like.
Water is a good water-binding layer material. The laser shock peening technology utilizes the fact that laser has good penetrability in water, when laser pulses act on the surface of a material, plasma shock waves with high pressure and high stress rate are generated, the acting direction of the shock waves is restrained by the surface tension of the water, and therefore the acting time and acting force of the shock waves on the surface of the material are effectively increased. The water constraint layer technology is one of the key technologies of laser shock peening, and relates to the processing quality and efficiency of laser shock peening.
At present, water has the advantages of good structural adaptability, high processing efficiency, good flexibility and the like as a constraint layer, but the problem of uneven surface strengthening quality also exists, and the main reasons are that the thickness of the water constraint layer is difficult to accurately control when water flows through the surface of a part to be strengthened, the thickness uniformity is not good, so that the phenomenon that the flowing water is punctured is easily generated, and the water constraint layer fails.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: the water restraint layer device of the laser shock peening technology and the using method thereof are provided, the problems that the thickness of the water restraint layer is difficult to accurately control and the thickness uniformity is poor when water flows through the surface of a part to be strengthened are solved, the uniformity of the surface quality of the part subjected to laser shock peening is improved, and the fatigue performance of the part is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a water restraint layer device of laser shock strengthening technology is composed of a part clamping robot 1, a water spray head robot 2, a laser light outlet 3, a laser 4, a laser thickness gauge 5, a photoelectric signal converter 6, a water spray opening 7, a water pump 8, a water tank 9 and a computer 10; the part clamping robot 1 is connected with a part 11, the water spray head robot 2 is connected with a water spray head 7, the part clamping robot 1 and the water spray head robot 2 are respectively connected with a computer 10, a laser light outlet 3 is connected with a laser 4, the laser 4 is connected with the computer 10, a laser thickness gauge 5 is connected with a photoelectric signal converter 6, the photoelectric signal converter 6 is connected with the computer 10, the water spray head 7 is connected with a water pump 8, the water pump 8 is connected with a water tank 9, and the water pump 8 is connected with the computer 10; the water beam sprayed by the water spray head falls on the part to form a water falling point 13, and spreads on the surface of the part to form a stable water restraint layer 12, the irradiation point 15 of the laser thickness gauge 5 on the part is positioned between the water falling point 13 of the water spray head 7 on the part and the light spot 14 of the laser light outlet 3 on the part, the irradiation point 15 is positioned on the upstream of the water restraint layer 12, and the light spot 14 is positioned on the downstream of the water restraint layer 12.
The method for measuring and calculating the distances between the water falling point 13 and the irradiation point 15 and between the irradiation point 15 and the light spot 14 comprises the following steps: the distance between the water falling point 13 and the light spot 14 is about 10-30 mm, a vertical line is drawn at the midpoint of the connecting line of the water falling point and the light spot, and a position point which is within the range of minus 20-plus 20mm away from the midpoint on the vertical line is selected as the irradiation point 15.
The laser thickness gauge 5 measures the thickness of the water confinement layer 12 based on the light refraction principle, the measurement range is 0.1mm to 100mm, and the precision is not less than +/-0.25 mm.
When the irradiation point 15 is located on a plane, the central axis of the laser thickness gauge 5 should be perpendicular to the plane where the irradiation point 15 is located.
When the irradiation point 15 is located on the curved surface, the central axis of the laser thickness gauge 5 should be coaxial with the normal of the curved surface where the irradiation point 15 is located.
The thickness of the water-binding layer 12 measured at the point of irradiation 15 ranges from 1 to 3 mm.
The measuring method of the water restraint layer device of the laser shock peening technology comprises the following specific steps: water is sprayed on the surface of the part through the water spray head 7 to form a water falling point 13 and spread to form a stable water restraint layer 12; the laser thickness gauge 5 measures the thickness of the water constraint layer 12 and feeds the thickness back to the computer 10; the computer 10 adjusts the flow of the water beam sprayed by the water spray head 7 through the water pump 8, so as to adjust the thickness of the water restraint layer 12; the computer 10 emits laser pulses from the laser light outlet 3 by controlling the laser 4, penetrates through the water constraint layer 12, and irradiates a laser absorption layer on the surface of the part 11 to generate impact force; the computer 10 adjusts the relative positions of the water falling point 13, the irradiation point 15 and the light spot 14 by controlling the postures and the positions of the part clamping robot 1 and the water spray head robot 2, so that the point-by-point laser shock strengthening of the surface of the part is realized, and the synchronous measurement of the laser thickness gauge 5 on the water constraint layer 12 is also realized.
The thickness of the water constraint layer 12 is obtained by taking the average value of 5-10 instantaneous measurement values, the time interval of two adjacent measurement values is 1-10 s, and abnormal measurement values with the amplitude value being more than 50% of the average value are removed.
The invention has the advantages that:
firstly, the thickness of the water restraint layer is measured by the laser thickness gauge, the flow of the water pump and the posture of the robot can be dynamically adjusted according to the thickness, the spreading condition of water on the surface of the part is adjusted, and the phenomenon that the water restraint layer is broken down due to thickness change is reduced.
Secondly, the posture and the position of the part clamping robot and the water nozzle robot are controlled by the computer, the relative distance between the water falling point of water flow, the irradiation point of the laser thickness gauge and the light spot of laser pulse is controlled, the stable flow speed and the uniform thickness of the water restraint layer covered on the irradiation point of the laser thickness gauge and the light spot of the laser pulse are ensured, the measurement is facilitated, and the laser shock strengthening effect is also improved.
And thirdly, the laser thickness gauge is a nondestructive measurement method, obtains the real-time thickness information of the water constraint layer through a photoelectric converter based on the light refraction principle, and has the advantages of non-destruction, high precision, good accuracy, high efficiency and the like.
Research results show that after the method is adopted, a water restraint layer with the thickness of 1-3 mm is formed on the surface of the flat part, the thickness fluctuation is not more than +/-0.5 mm, after laser shock strengthening, the depth of the residual compressive stress layer of 5 measuring points on the surface of the part reaches about 1 +/-0.15 mm, and good distribution uniformity of the residual compressive stress is shown.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
as shown in fig. 1, a water restraint layer device of a laser shock peening technology is composed of a part clamping robot 1, a water spray head robot 2, a laser light outlet 3, a laser 4, a laser thickness gauge 5, a photoelectric signal converter 6, a water spray opening 7, a water pump 8, a water tank 9 and a computer 10; the part clamping robot 1 is connected with a part 11, the water spray head robot 2 is connected with a water spray head 7, the part clamping robot 1 and the water spray head robot 2 are respectively connected with a computer 10, a laser light outlet 3 is connected with a laser 4, the laser 4 is connected with the computer 10, a laser thickness gauge 5 is connected with a photoelectric signal converter 6, the photoelectric signal converter 6 is connected with the computer 10, the water spray head 7 is connected with a water pump 8, the water pump 8 is connected with a water tank 9, and the water pump 8 is connected with the computer 10; the water beam sprayed by the water spray head falls on the part to form a water falling point 13, and spreads on the surface of the part to form a stable water restraint layer 12, the irradiation point 15 of the laser thickness gauge 5 on the part is positioned between the water falling point 13 of the water spray head 7 on the part and the light spot 14 of the laser light outlet 3 on the part, the irradiation point 15 is positioned on the upstream of the water restraint layer 12, and the light spot 14 is positioned on the downstream of the water restraint layer 12.
The distance between the water falling point 13 and the light spot 14 is about 10-30 mm, a vertical line is drawn at the midpoint of the connecting line of the water falling point and the light spot, and a position point which is within the range of minus 20-plus 20mm away from the midpoint on the vertical line is selected as the irradiation point 15.
The laser thickness gauge 5 measures the thickness of the water confinement layer 12 based on the light refraction principle, the measurement range is 0.1mm to 100mm, and the precision is not less than +/-0.25 mm.
When the irradiation point 15 is located on a plane, the central axis of the laser thickness gauge 5 should be perpendicular to the plane where the irradiation point 15 is located; when the irradiation point 15 is located on the curved surface, the central axis of the laser thickness gauge 5 should be coaxial with the normal of the curved surface where the irradiation point 15 is located; the thickness of the water-binding layer 12 measured at the point of irradiation 15 ranges from 1 to 3 mm.
The invention relates to a measuring method of a water restraint layer device of a laser shock peening technology, which comprises the following specific steps:
water is sprayed on the surface of the part through the water spray head 7 to form a water falling point 13 and spread to form a stable water restraint layer 12; the laser thickness gauge 5 measures the thickness of the water constraint layer 12 and feeds the thickness back to the computer 10; the computer 10 adjusts the flow of the water beam sprayed by the water spray head 7 through the water pump 8, so as to adjust the thickness of the water restraint layer 12; the computer 10 emits laser pulses from the laser light outlet 3 by controlling the laser 4, penetrates through the water constraint layer 12, and irradiates a laser absorption layer on the surface of the part 11 to generate impact force; the computer 10 adjusts the relative positions of the water falling point 13, the irradiation point 15 and the light spot 14 by controlling the postures and the positions of the part clamping robot 1 and the water spray head robot 2, so that the point-by-point laser shock strengthening of the surface of the part is realized, and the synchronous measurement of the laser thickness gauge 5 on the water constraint layer 12 is also realized.
The thickness of the water constraint layer 12 is determined by averaging 5 to 10 instantaneous measurement values, the time interval between two adjacent measurement values is 1 to 10s, and abnormal measurement values with the amplitude value larger than 50% of the average value are removed.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
recent research shows that the water constraint layer is one of the key factors influencing the surface quality of laser shock peening, wherein the thickness of the water constraint layer is the most important index, and no real-time monitoring system capable of accurately measuring the thickness of the water constraint layer exists in the conventional equipment.
The invention adopts a laser thickness gauge based on the light refraction principle and assists a related photoelectric converter to form a real-time monitoring and feedback system, and is integrated with a laser shock peening equipment control system to form a whole set of device capable of accurately measuring the thickness of a water constraint layer, dynamically feeding back a signal and adjusting the posture of a robot in real time and a using method thereof. The device and the method have the advantages of no damage, high accuracy, high efficiency and the like. The position of the measuring point has a large influence on the measuring accuracy, and a part with smooth water flow and uniform thickness should be selected. Experimental tests show that when the distance between the water falling point 13 and the light spot 14 is about 10-30 mm, a vertical line is drawn at the midpoint of the connecting line of the water falling point and the light spot, the water flow is gentle in the range of minus 20-plus 20mm away from the midpoint on the vertical line, the thickness of the water restraint layer is uniform, the water restraint layer is an ideal position of the irradiation point 15, the measurement accuracy is high, and the indication value fluctuation of multiple measurements is small. The measurement accuracy is improved by averaging 5 to 10 instantaneous measurements and eliminating abnormal measurement values with an amplitude greater than 50% of the average value.
Example 1
The distance between the water falling point 13 and the light spot 14 is about 30mm, a vertical line is drawn at the midpoint of the connecting line of the water falling point and the light spot, and a position which is-10 mm away from the midpoint on the vertical line is taken as an irradiation point 15; the part 11 is a flat plate, the irradiation point 15 is positioned on the plane, the central axis of the laser thickness gauge 5 is perpendicular to the flat plate, the thickness of the water constraint layer 12 is obtained by taking the average value of 10 instantaneous measurement values, the time interval of two adjacent measurement values is 1s, and abnormal measurement values with the amplitude value larger than 50% of the average value are removed; the thickness of the water confining layer 12 measured at the point of irradiation 15 is about 2 + -0.5 mm.
Example 2
The distance between the water falling point 13 and the light spot 14 is about 10mm, a vertical line is drawn at the midpoint of the connecting line of the water falling point and the light spot, and the position which is +20mm away from the midpoint on the vertical line is used as an irradiation point 15; the thickness of the water constraint layer 12 is obtained by taking the average value of 5 instantaneous measurement values, the time interval of two adjacent measurement values is 10s, and abnormal measurement values with the amplitude value larger than 50% of the average value are removed.
Claims (8)
1. A water restraint layer device of laser shock peening technology is characterized in that: the device comprises a part clamping robot (1), a water spray head robot (2), a laser light outlet (3), a laser (4), a laser thickness gauge (5), a photoelectric signal converter (6), a water spray nozzle (7), a water pump (8), a water tank (9) and a computer (10); the part clamping robot (1) is connected with a part (11), the water spray head robot (2) is connected with a water spray head (7), the part clamping robot (1) and the water spray head robot (2) are respectively connected with a computer (10), a laser light outlet (3) is connected with a laser (4), the laser (4) is connected with the computer (10), a laser thickness gauge (5) is connected with a photoelectric signal converter (6), the photoelectric signal converter (6) is connected with the computer (10), the water spray head (7) is connected with a water pump (8), the water pump (8) is connected with a water tank (9), and the water pump (8) is connected with the computer (10); water beams sprayed by the water spray heads fall on the part to form a water falling point (13), a stable water restraint layer (12) is formed by spreading on the surface of the part, an irradiation point (15) of the laser thickness gauge (5) on the part is located between the water falling point (13) of the water spray heads (7) on the part and a light spot (14) of the laser light outlet (3) on the part, the irradiation point (15) is located on the upstream of the water restraint layer (12), and the light spot (14) is located on the downstream of the water restraint layer (12).
2. The laser shock peening technique water constraining layer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the method for measuring and calculating the distances between the water falling point (13) and the irradiation point (15) and between the irradiation point (15) and the light spot (14) comprises the following steps: the distance between the water falling point (13) and the light spot (14) is 10-30 mm, a vertical line is drawn at the midpoint of the connecting line of the water falling point and the light spot, and a position point is selected as an irradiation point (15) within the range of minus 20-plus 20mm away from the midpoint on the vertical line.
3. The laser shock peening technique water constraining layer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the laser thickness gauge (5) is used for measuring the thickness of the water restraint layer (12) based on the refraction principle of light, the measuring range is 0.1mm to 100mm, and the precision is not less than +/-0.25 mm.
4. The laser shock peening technique water constraining layer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: when the irradiation point (15) is located on a plane, the central axis of the laser thickness gauge (5) is perpendicular to the plane where the irradiation point (15) is located.
5. The laser shock peening technique water constraining layer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: when the irradiation point (15) is positioned on the curved surface, the central axis of the laser thickness gauge (5) is coaxial with the normal of the curved surface where the irradiation point (15) is positioned.
6. The laser shock peening technique water constraining layer apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the water confining layer (12) measured at the irradiation point (15) is in the range of 1 to 3 mm.
7. The method for measuring a water-binding layer device of laser shock peening technology according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein: water is sprayed on the surface of the part through a water spray head (7) to form a water falling point (13) and spread to form a stable water restraint layer (12); the laser thickness gauge (5) measures the thickness of the water constraint layer (12) and feeds the thickness back to the computer (10); the computer (10) adjusts the flow of water beams sprayed by the water spray heads (7) through the water pump (8), so that the thickness of the water restraint layer (12) is adjusted; the computer (10) emits laser pulses from the laser light outlet (3) by controlling the laser (4), penetrates through the water constraint layer (12), and irradiates a laser absorption layer on the surface of the part (11) to generate impact force; the computer (10) adjusts the relative positions of the water falling point (13), the irradiation point (15) and the light spot (14) by controlling the postures and the positions of the part clamping robot (1) and the water spray head robot (2), thereby not only realizing point-by-point laser shock strengthening of the surface of the part, but also realizing the synchronous measurement of the laser thickness gauge (5) on the water constraint layer (12).
8. The method for measuring a water-binding layer device of laser shock peening technology according to claim 7, wherein: the thickness of the water constraint layer (12) is determined by taking the average value of 5 to 10 instantaneous measurement values, the time interval of two adjacent measurement values is 1 to 10s, and abnormal measurement values with the amplitude value larger than 50 percent of the average value are removed.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114959533A (en) * | 2022-06-22 | 2022-08-30 | 沈阳工业大学 | Laser shock peening method for improving depth and fatigue performance of compressive stress layer on surface of titanium alloy |
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| US20080078477A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | General Electric Company | Varying fluence as a function of thickness during laser shock peening |
| CN103028839A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-10 | 江苏大学 | Laser impact method and device for controlling thickness of liquid restraint layer |
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| CN1336444A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-02-20 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Nanometer structure forming method and special equipment therefor |
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| US20080078477A1 (en) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | General Electric Company | Varying fluence as a function of thickness during laser shock peening |
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