CN113084609A - Polishing device and method for magnetorheological jet assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel - Google Patents
Polishing device and method for magnetorheological jet assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel Download PDFInfo
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- CN113084609A CN113084609A CN202110416146.4A CN202110416146A CN113084609A CN 113084609 A CN113084609 A CN 113084609A CN 202110416146 A CN202110416146 A CN 202110416146A CN 113084609 A CN113084609 A CN 113084609A
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- magnetorheological
- grinding wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B5/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor
- B24B5/18—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work
- B24B5/22—Machines or devices designed for grinding surfaces of revolution on work, including those which also grind adjacent plane surfaces; Accessories therefor involving centreless means for supporting, guiding, floating or rotating work for grinding cylindrical surfaces, e.g. on bolts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
- B24B1/005—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes using a magnetic polishing agent
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B55/00—Safety devices for grinding or polishing machines; Accessories fitted to grinding or polishing machines for keeping tools or parts of the machine in good working condition
- B24B55/02—Equipment for cooling the grinding surfaces, e.g. devices for feeding coolant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
- B24B57/02—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machining, in particular to a polishing device and a polishing method for a magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-stiffness grinding wheel. The invention adopts the magnetic field to control the mechanical polishing of the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel embedded with the abrasive particles and the jet polishing of the magnetorheological polishing solution to be carried out simultaneously, and has better surface processing quality and processing efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ultra-precision machining, in particular to a polishing device and method for a magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel.
Background
With the rapid development of the manufacturing 2025 in China, the demand of the high-end equipment manufacturing industry on ultra-precision machining technology and process method is more vigorous, and particularly the surface polishing technology of key parts in the fields of precision instruments, aerospace devices and the like is one of the bottlenecks which restrict the development of the ultra-precision machining technology in China. Some key components in high-end equipment have very high requirements on the surface quality of the high-end equipment, such as optical elements, semiconductor chips, aviation blades, motor spindles and the like, so that the exploration and research of novel ultra-precise polishing technology have important practical significance on the development of advanced equipment manufacturing industry in China. Polyurethane grinding wheel elastic grinding is used as a novel flexible polishing technology, has the advantages of good wear resistance, small deformation, high polishing efficiency and the like, but has the problems of uncontrollable grinding wheel hardness, generation of a large amount of grinding heat, easiness in workpiece damage and the like during polishing. Similarly, the magnetorheological polishing technology is an advanced flexible polishing technology and has the advantages of controllable flexibility, stable removal rate, high precision, low loss and the like, but the technology has the defects of low polishing efficiency, complex electromagnetic field control and the like. Therefore, the defects in the prior art are analyzed, and the polishing device and the polishing method for the magnetorheological jet auxiliary variable-rigidity grinding wheel are provided by combining the advantages of the two polishing technologies.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a polishing device and a polishing method for a magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-stiffness grinding wheel.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the polishing device comprises a bottom plate 1, a sliding guide rail module 2, a first bearing seat 3, a guide wheel 4, a first iron core 5, a first coil 6, a workpiece 7, an iron core support 8, a second bearing seat base 9, a second bearing seat 10, a magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with abrasive particles, a guide pipe 12, a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, a coupler 14, a motor 15, a motor support 16, a second coil 17, a second iron core 18, a base 19, a bolt 20, a workpiece support 21, a first shaft 22, a second shaft 23, a pump 24, a nozzle 25, a pressure sensor 26 and a third coil 27. The guide wheel 4, the first shaft 11 and the first bearing seat 3 are arranged on the sliding guide rail module 2; the first iron core 5 and the first coil 6 are erected on the iron core bracket 8; the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles, the second shaft 23 and the second bearing seat 10 are placed on the bottom plate 1; the second coil 17 and the second iron core 18 are arranged on the base 19; the coupling 14 is connected with the motor 15 and the second shaft 23; the two ends of the conduit 12 are respectively connected with a nozzle 25 and a pump 24, and the middle part of the conduit 12 is provided with a pressure sensor 26; the inlet of the pump 24 is communicated with the magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, and the outlet of the pump 24 is communicated with the conduit 12.
Further, the horizontal movement of the sliding guide rail module 2 can be used for adjusting the center distance between the guide wheel 4 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles so as to polish workpieces 7 with different diameters.
Further, the outer diameter edge of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles passes through the air gap of the second iron core 18, and part of magnetic field lines in the air gap of the second iron core 18 vertically pass through the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles, so that the rigidity is controlled by the magnetic field.
Further, the nozzle 25 is installed right above the gap between the workpiece 7 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles.
Further, the magnetorheological polishing solution is placed in a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13.
Furthermore, the plane of the workpiece support 21 in contact with the workpiece 7 is a 45-degree inclined plane, the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles is tangent to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 7, the guide wheel 4 is tangent to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 7, and the workpiece 7 is restrained in three directions simultaneously to ensure that the workpiece 7 is clamped.
The invention also provides a polishing method of the magnetorheological jet assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel, which comprises the following steps:
s1, installing a workpiece 7 on a workpiece support 21, enabling two end faces of a first iron core 5 to be close to two end faces of the workpiece 7 in parallel, and opening a sliding guide rail module 2 to push a guide wheel 4 to the workpiece 7;
s2, preparing magnetorheological polishing solution and injecting the magnetorheological polishing solution into a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13;
s3, according to the removal degree of the workpiece 7, certain current is conducted to the first coil 6 and the second coil 17, an A-area magnetic field is formed inside the first iron core 5, the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles, the workpiece 7 and the second iron core 18, the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles is controlled by the field intensity distribution of the A-area magnetic field, and the higher the magnetic field intensity of the A-area is, the higher the rigidity is;
s4, starting a motor 15 to drive a second shaft 23 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles to rotate clockwise, rotating the workpiece 7 anticlockwise, and rotating the guide wheel 4 clockwise to realize polishing action of the elastomer grinding wheel;
s5, a certain current is introduced into the third coil 27, and a B-area magnetic field is formed in the third coil 27, the guide pipe 12 and the nozzle 25 area;
s6, starting a pump 24, pumping the magnetorheological polishing solution from the magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, conveying the magnetorheological polishing solution to a nozzle 25 through a guide pipe 12 and a B-area magnetic field, and finally spraying the magnetorheological polishing solution to the surface of the workpiece 7 to realize magnetorheological jet polishing.
According to the polishing method of the magnetorheological jet assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel, aiming at the surface quality requirement of a workpiece 7, two groups of electromagnetic coils are adopted to generate an A-area magnetic field to control the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with abrasive particles for polishing; pressurizing the guide pipe 12 through a pump 24, spraying magnetorheological polishing liquid to the workpiece 7 through a nozzle 25, performing jet polishing and cooling the workpiece 7; the variable-stiffness polishing and the magnetic jet polishing of the magnetorheological elastomer are carried out simultaneously, and the machining efficiency and the machining quality are better.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention adopts the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel embedded with the abrasive particles to polish a workpiece, and adjusts the rigidity and the contact pressure of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel by controlling the magnetic field intensity according to the change of the local curvature during the polishing process, thereby achieving the purpose of controlling the removal rate. Meanwhile, the magnetorheological polishing solution ejected by the nozzle can be used as a cooling solution and a polishing solution: when the cooling liquid is used as the cooling liquid, the heat generated during grinding of the grinding wheel can be reduced, and burning and cracks can be avoided; when the polishing solution is used as the polishing solution, shearing force is generated between the polishing solution and the surface of a workpiece in the flowing process, and the polishing removal rate can be improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a polishing device of a magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-stiffness grinding wheel.
FIG. 2 is a rear view of a polishing device for a magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-stiffness grinding wheel.
FIG. 3 is a working principle of a polishing device of a magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-stiffness grinding wheel.
In the drawings: 1. the novel magnetic rheological polishing machine comprises a base plate, a sliding guide rail module, a bearing seat 3, a guide wheel 4, an iron core 5, a coil 6, a workpiece 7, an iron core support 8, a bearing seat base 9, a bearing seat base 10, a bearing seat base 11, a magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel embedded with abrasive particles, a guide pipe 12, a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, a coupler 14, a motor 15, a motor support 16, a coil 17, an iron core 18, a base 19, a bolt 20, a workpiece support 21, a shaft 22, a shaft 23, a shaft II, a pump 24, a nozzle 25, a pressure sensor 26 and a coil 27.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments. Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustration only and are shown by way of illustration only and not in actual form, and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
Fig. 1 to 3 show an embodiment of a polishing device for a magnetorheological jet assisted variable stiffness grinding wheel according to the invention, which includes a base plate 1, a sliding guide rail module 2, a first bearing seat 3, a guide wheel 4, a first iron core 5, a first coil 6, a workpiece 7, an iron core support 8, a second bearing seat base 9, a second bearing seat 10, a magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with abrasive particles, a conduit 12, a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, a coupler 14, a motor 15, a motor support 16, a second coil 17, a second iron core 18, a base 19, a bolt 20, a workpiece support 21, a first shaft 22, a second shaft 23, a pump 24, a nozzle 25, a pressure sensor 26, and a third coil 27. The guide wheel 4, the first shaft 11 and the first bearing seat 3 are arranged on the sliding guide rail module 2; the first iron core 5 and the first coil 6 are erected on the iron core bracket 8; the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles, the second shaft 23 and the second bearing seat 10 are placed on the bottom plate 1; the second coil 17 and the second iron core 18 are arranged on the base 19; the coupling 14 is connected with the motor 15 and the second shaft 23; the two ends of the conduit 12 are respectively connected with a nozzle 25 and a pump 24, and the middle part of the conduit 12 is provided with a pressure sensor 26; the inlet of the pump 24 is communicated with the magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, and the outlet of the pump 24 is communicated with the conduit 12.
Further, the horizontal movement of the sliding guide rail module 2 can be used for adjusting the center distance between the guide wheel 4 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles so as to polish workpieces 7 with different diameters.
Further, the first iron core 5 and the second iron core 18 are both C-shaped electromagnetic iron cores, and the material is silicon steel.
Further, the diameters of the enameled wires selected by the first coil 6, the second coil 17 and the third coil 27 are all 0.5 mm.
Further, the outer diameter edge of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles passes through the air gap of the second iron core 18, and part of magnetic field lines in the air gap of the second iron core 18 vertically pass through the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles, so that the rigidity is controlled by the magnetic field.
Further, the nozzle 25 is installed right above the gap between the workpiece 7 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles.
Further, the magnetorheological polishing solution is placed in a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13.
Furthermore, the plane of the workpiece support 21 in contact with the workpiece 7 is a 45-degree inclined plane, the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles is tangent to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 7, the guide wheel 4 is tangent to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 7, and the workpiece 7 is restrained in three directions simultaneously to ensure that the workpiece 7 is clamped.
The embodiment of the invention relates to a composite polishing method of a magnetorheological jet assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel, which comprises the following steps of:
s1, installing a workpiece 7 on a workpiece support 21, enabling two end faces of a first iron core 5 to be close to two end faces of the workpiece 7 in parallel, and opening a sliding guide rail module 2 to push a guide wheel 4 to the workpiece 7;
s2, preparing magnetorheological polishing solution and injecting the magnetorheological polishing solution into a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13;
s3, according to the removal degree of the workpiece 7, certain current is conducted to the first coil 6 and the second coil 17, an A-area magnetic field is formed inside the first iron core 5, the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles, the workpiece 7 and the second iron core 18, the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles is controlled by the field intensity distribution of the A-area magnetic field, and the higher the magnetic field intensity of the A-area is, the higher the rigidity is;
s4, starting a motor 15 to drive a second shaft 23 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles to rotate clockwise, rotating the workpiece 7 anticlockwise, and rotating the guide wheel 4 clockwise to realize polishing action of the elastomer grinding wheel;
s5, a certain current is introduced into the third coil 27, and a B-area magnetic field is formed in the third coil 27, the guide pipe 12 and the nozzle 25 area;
s6, starting a pump 24, pumping the magnetorheological polishing solution from the magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, conveying the magnetorheological polishing solution to a nozzle 25 through a guide pipe 12 and a B-area magnetic field, and finally spraying the magnetorheological polishing solution to the surface of the workpiece 7 to realize magnetorheological jet polishing.
In this embodiment, the workpiece 7 is made of cylindrical stainless steel;
in the step S1, the distance between the two end surfaces of the first iron core 5 and the two end surfaces of the workpiece 7 is 1 mm;
in the step S3, the current value of the first coil 6 and the second coil 17 is not less than 2.5A, and the abrasive particles of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles can be made of artificial diamond/silicon carbide;
in the step S4, the rotating speed of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 is 1500r/min, and the rotating speed of the guide wheel 4 is 100 r/min;
the current value fed to the coil number three 27 in the step S5 depends on the expected roughness of the workpiece 7;
the injection speed in step S6 was 35 mm/S.
Through the steps, in the polishing process, the variable-rigidity grinding wheel polishing and the magnetorheological fluid jet polishing are carried out simultaneously, so that the machining efficiency and the machining quality are better, and the workpiece can be efficiently finish the finish polishing.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A polishing device for a magnetorheological jet auxiliary variable-rigidity grinding wheel is characterized in that: the polishing device is characterized by comprising a base plate (1), a sliding guide rail module (2), a first bearing seat (3), a guide wheel (4), a first iron core (5), a first coil (6), a workpiece (7), an iron core support (8), a second bearing seat base (9), a second bearing seat (10), a magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel (11) embedded with abrasive particles, a guide pipe (12), a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box (13), a coupler (14), a motor (15), a motor support (16), a second coil (17), a second iron core (18), a base (19), a bolt (20), a workpiece support (21), a first shaft (22), a second shaft (23), a pump (24), a nozzle (25), a pressure sensor (26) and a third coil (27); the guide wheel (4), the first shaft (22) and the first bearing seat (3) are placed on the sliding guide rail module (2); the first iron core (5) and the first coil (6) are erected on the iron core bracket (8); the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel (11) embedded with the abrasive particles, the second shaft (23) and the second bearing seat (10) are placed on the bottom plate (1); the second coil (17) and the second iron core (18) are placed on the base (19); the coupling (14) is connected with the motor (15) and the second shaft (23); two ends of the guide pipe (12) are respectively connected with the nozzle (25) and the pump (24), and the middle part of the guide pipe (12) is provided with a pressure sensor (26); the inlet of the pump (24) is communicated with the magnetorheological polishing solution storage box (13), and the outlet of the pump (24) is communicated with the conduit (12).
2. The polishing device for the magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-stiffness grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the horizontal movement of the sliding guide rail module 2 can be used for adjusting the center distance between the guide wheel 4 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with abrasive particles so as to polish workpieces 7 with different diameters.
3. The polishing device of the magnetorheological jet assisted variable stiffness grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the outer diameter edge of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles penetrates through an air gap of the second iron core 18, and part of magnetic field lines in the air gap of the second iron core 18 vertically pass through the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles.
4. The polishing device for the magnetorheological jet assisted variable-stiffness grinding wheel according to claim 1, wherein the plane of the workpiece support 21 contacted with the workpiece 7 is a 45-degree inclined plane, the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles is tangent to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 7, and the guide wheel 4 is tangent to the cylindrical surface of the workpiece 7 to clamp the workpiece 7.
5. A polishing method of a magnetorheological jet-assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, installing a workpiece 7 on a workpiece support 21, enabling two end faces of a first iron core 5 to be close to two end faces of the workpiece 7 in parallel, and opening a sliding guide rail module 2 to push a guide wheel 4 to the workpiece 7;
s2, preparing magnetorheological polishing solution and injecting the magnetorheological polishing solution into a magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13;
s3, according to the removal degree of the workpiece 7, certain current is conducted to the first coil 6 and the second coil 17, an A-area magnetic field is formed inside the first iron core 5, the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles, the workpiece 7 and the second iron core 18, the rigidity of the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles is controlled by the field intensity distribution of the A-area magnetic field, and the higher the magnetic field intensity of the A-area is, the higher the rigidity is;
s4, starting a motor 15 to drive a second shaft 23 and the magnetorheological elastomer grinding wheel 11 embedded with the abrasive particles to rotate clockwise, rotating the workpiece 7 anticlockwise, and rotating the guide wheel 4 clockwise to realize polishing action of the elastomer grinding wheel;
s5, a certain current is introduced into the third coil 27, and a B-area magnetic field is formed in the third coil 27, the guide pipe 12 and the nozzle 25 area;
s6, starting a pump 24, pumping the magnetorheological polishing solution from the magnetorheological polishing solution storage box 13, conveying the magnetorheological polishing solution to a nozzle 25 through a guide pipe 12 and a B-area magnetic field, and finally spraying the magnetorheological polishing solution to the surface of the workpiece 7 to realize magnetic and magnetorheological jet polishing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110416146.4A CN113084609A (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Polishing device and method for magnetorheological jet assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110416146.4A CN113084609A (en) | 2021-04-19 | 2021-04-19 | Polishing device and method for magnetorheological jet assisted variable-rigidity grinding wheel |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700853A (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2022-07-05 | 浙江师范大学 | Automatic grinding device of wide region processing |
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2021
- 2021-04-19 CN CN202110416146.4A patent/CN113084609A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114700853A (en) * | 2022-05-04 | 2022-07-05 | 浙江师范大学 | Automatic grinding device of wide region processing |
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