CN112123023A - Stepwise grinding-polishing processing method based on non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect - Google Patents
Stepwise grinding-polishing processing method based on non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B57/00—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents
- B24B57/02—Devices for feeding, applying, grading or recovering grinding, polishing or lapping agents for feeding of fluid, sprayed, pulverised, or liquefied grinding, polishing or lapping agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
Abstract
A stepped grinding-polishing processing method based on non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect comprises the following steps: (1) mixing an abrasive and an additive into a non-Newtonian fluid base liquid with a shear rheological effect, uniformly stirring to prepare a shear rheological grinding and polishing liquid, and adding the shear rheological grinding and polishing liquid into a machine tool grinding liquid station; (2) in the fine grinding stage after finishing the traditional coarse grinding and semi-fine grinding, providing a shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid for a grinding area from the cutting-in end of the grinding wheel along the linear velocity direction of the grinding wheel; (3) setting the grinding depth to be larger than zero, and realizing low-damage grinding of the surface of the workpiece; (4) setting the grinding depth equal to zero, and carrying out grinding-polishing combined machining on the grinding surface; (5) setting the grinding wheel and the workpiece in a non-contact state, carrying out shear rheological polishing on the grinding surface, and controlling the material removal rate of each point on the surface in the polishing process by adjusting the polishing rheological property, the linear speed of the grinding wheel, the feeding speed of the workpiece and the clearance between the grinding wheel and the workpiece. The invention is easy to realize, high in processing efficiency, high in precision and strong in practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a precise ultra-precision machining technology, and relates to a step-by-step machining method capable of realizing low-damage grinding and in-situ flexible polishing of hard and brittle materials.
Background
Grinding and polishing are two important links in an optical manufacturing process chain, and are important technical means for realizing precise and ultra-precise machining of hard and brittle materials. The traditional hard and brittle material grinding mode can not avoid the existence of a surface damage layer, and a deeper grinding damage layer not only can increase the subsequent polishing time, but also is extremely unfavorable for surface shape control in the polishing process.
In order to reduce the damage of the grinding surface of the hard and brittle material, domestic and foreign scholars have adopted various methods to inhibit the crack initiation and propagation of the hard and brittle material during the grinding process, such as: ELID grinding, ultrasonic vibration assisted grinding, chemical mechanical grinding, semi-fixed abrasive grinding, and the like. The ELID grinding technology reduces the damage of the processing surface by optimizing the grinding performance of the grinding tool, solves the problems of abrasion and passivation of the superfine/superfine grinding grain metal-based diamond grinding wheel in the grinding process of hard and brittle materials, and realizes the ultra-precise grinding processing of a series of hard and brittle materials such as glass, ceramics and the like. The two-dimensional ultrasonic vibration method can reduce the damage of the grinding surface by improving the abrasion state of the grinding wheel, reducing the grinding force and increasing the critical cutting depth. However, when ELID grinding is used for grinding an inner surface with a large depth-to-width ratio, it is difficult to avoid interference of the electrode with the inner surface of the workpiece; the ultrasonic vibration auxiliary grinding needs an additional vibration unit of the machine tool, the grinding speed is limited by the vibration period, and the deflection control process of the vibration direction along with the normal line of the grinding point is complex during the curved surface grinding. The chemical mechanical grinding technology utilizes the solid phase reaction between the consolidated abrasive particles and the processed material and combines the mechanical removal effect of the abrasive particles to realize the nondestructive surface processing. The semi-fixed grinding tool solves the problems of low processing efficiency of free abrasive particles and large damage of the processing surface of fixed abrasive particles to a certain extent, and achieves good effect in processing materials such as monocrystalline silicon, sapphire and the like at present. However, the removal rate of the chemical mechanical grinding and semi-fixed abrasive grain grinding material is still low, about 1-3 μm/h, and the requirement of precise grinding is difficult to achieve.
In the flexible polishing method with good applicability to both plane and curved surfaces, many researches are made on air bag polishing, abrasive jet polishing, magnetorheological polishing, shear thickening polishing and the like. The flexible polishing head for polishing the air bag can automatically adapt to the shape of the curved surface of a workpiece, and the polishing efficiency is controlled by adjusting the internal pressure of the air bag. The abrasive jet polishing utilizes the high-speed collision and shearing action of abrasive particles on the surface of a workpiece, and polishes the surface of the workpiece by controlling parameters such as jet pressure, angle, time and the like. The magnetorheological polishing is carried out by controlling the magnetorheological fluid to generate a flexible 'polishing mould' matched with the processed surface in a polishing area through an external magnetic field to remove materials. The shear thickening polishing process does not need an external auxiliary field, has low requirements on the shape, the material and the like of a polishing tool, and can realize the ultra-precision machining of a complex curved surface through the hydrodynamic pressure and the friction force even under the condition of no polishing tool. The polishing method can realize controllable flexibility change of the 'polishing mould' through air pressure, a magnetic field, a flow field, a shearing rate and the like, but complex equipment and accessories are not needed for shearing thickening polishing, the preparation cost of the polishing solution is low, and the in-situ flexible polishing after low-damage grinding is more favorably realized.
In the traditional manufacturing process, grinding and polishing are respectively carried out on a special machine tool, the grinding machine tool realizes material removal by controlling the grinding depth, and the material removal in the polishing process is based on pressure control. The motion and material removal rate control in the polishing process is realized on a grinding machine tool, the combination of low-damage grinding and in-situ flexible polishing is completed, the clamping time can be reduced, the secondary clamping error is eliminated, and the method is a key problem to be solved for further improving the overall grinding-polishing efficiency. From various current research reports at home and abroad, no report for assisting in inhibiting the damage of a grinding surface and realizing in-situ flexible polishing by utilizing the shear rheological effect of non-Newtonian fluid is found. The low-damage grinding and in-situ flexible polishing related by the invention is a feasible method for improving the grinding-polishing integral processing efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the subsequent polishing time is long due to large damage of the grinding surface of a hard and brittle material in the prior art, the invention provides a stepped grinding-polishing processing method based on the non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect.
The above-mentioned invention purpose is realized through the following technical scheme:
a stepwise grinding-polishing process based on the shear rheological effect of non-newtonian fluids, the process comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing an abrasive and an additive into a non-Newtonian fluid base liquid with a shear rheological effect, uniformly stirring to prepare a shear rheological grinding and polishing liquid, and adding the shear rheological grinding and polishing liquid into a machine tool grinding liquid station;
(2) in the fine grinding stage after the traditional coarse grinding and semi-fine grinding are finished, a shearing rheological grinding polishing solution is provided for a grinding area from the cutting-in end of the grinding wheel along the linear velocity direction of the grinding wheel to replace the traditional grinding solution;
(3) setting a grinding depth to be larger than zero in a numerical control program, setting a linear speed of a grinding wheel according to a polishing fluid rheological curve of the shear rheological grinding, and controlling the shear rheological effect of the polishing fluid, so that the hydrodynamic pressure field strength of a wedge-shaped grinding area is improved, and the low-damage grinding of the surface of a workpiece is realized;
(4) setting a grinding depth equal to zero in a numerical control program, setting a linear velocity of a grinding wheel according to a rheological curve of a shearing rheological grinding fluid and a grinding process parameter range of a workpiece material, controlling a shearing rheological effect of the grinding fluid, and carrying out grinding-polishing combined machining on a grinding surface;
(5) the numerical control program sets the grinding wheel and the workpiece in a non-contact state, carries out shear rheological polishing on the grinding surface, and controls the material removal rate of each point on the surface in the polishing process by adjusting the polishing rheological property, the linear speed of the grinding wheel, the feeding speed of the workpiece and the clearance between the grinding wheel and the workpiece.
Further, in the step-by-step grinding-polishing process of the step (3), the step (4) and the step (5), after the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid enters the wedge-shaped grinding area from the cutting-in end of the grinding wheel along the linear velocity direction of the grinding wheel, a fluid dynamic pressure field is formed in the wedge-shaped grinding area; the polishing liquid generates rheological effect under the shearing action of the grinding wheel, including shear thickening, shear curing or shear expansion.
And (3) in the low-damage grinding process in the step (3), the grinding wheel and the ground workpiece are in a contact state, namely the grinding depth is larger than zero and is 0-10 mu m.
Preferably, low damage grinding is achieved by three aspects:
3.1) polishing rheological effect of shear rheological grinding to strengthen the hydrodynamic pressure field strength of the wedge-shaped grinding area, so that the hydrostatic pressure in the direction perpendicular to the shearing surface of the material to be removed in the grinding process is increased, and the removal of the plastic domain of the hard and brittle material is promoted;
3.2) shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid flexibly controls free abrasive particles, removes grinding wheel binder materials and realizes grinding wheel on-line dressing;
3.3) flexibly holding free abrasive particles by the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid to polish the grinding surface damage layer.
Further, in the step (4), the grinding depth is set to be zero by a program in the composite grinding and polishing process, the grinding wheel-workpiece is in a quasi-contact state, and the actual grinding depth is equal to the residual height after the previous grinding.
Preferably, the material removal in the composite grinding and polishing process is realized by the following two aspects:
4.1) burnishing, the material removal originating from the elastic deformation of the workpiece-tool system;
and 4.2) flexibly holding free abrasive particles by using a shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid to polish the damaged layer on the grinding surface.
Further, in the step (5), the grinding wheel and the processed workpiece are in a non-contact state, and the distance between the grinding wheel and the processed workpiece is larger than zero and is 0-5 mm.
Preferably, the material removal is achieved by: the free abrasive particles are flexibly held by the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid, and the grinding surface is polished in a hydrodynamic pressure field.
Preferably, the non-newtonian fluid base fluid having a shear rheological effect is one of: the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polyethylene glycol and silica particles, the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polyhydroxy polymer and water, and the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polymethyl methacrylate and glycerol.
The non-Newtonian fluid base liquid accounts for 50-95% of the mass fraction of the polishing liquid.
The abrasive is one or a mixture of more than two of the following materials: diamond, cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, alumina, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide.
The grain size range of the abrasive is 0.5-10 mu m, and accounts for 5-50% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution.
The additives include one or more of: dispersing agent, surfactant, pH regulator, and chemical activator.
The content of the additive in the shearing rheological polishing solution is lower than 5 percent.
The technical conception of the invention is as follows: the non-Newtonian fluid grinding and polishing liquid is used for replacing the traditional grinding liquid, the step-type change of the contact-quasi-contact-non-contact state of the grinding wheel and the workpiece is controlled, the low-damage grinding-composite grinding and polishing-in-situ flexible polishing is sequentially realized by utilizing the shear rheological effect of the grinding and polishing liquid, and the near-damage surface is efficiently obtained.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: based on the non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect, the low-damage grinding and polishing processing of the hard and brittle material is realized in a step-by-step manner, the process is simple, the cost is low, and the use is convenient. The invention can be used for the precise and ultra-precise processing of the optical surface of the hard and brittle material. The invention aims to provide a non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect-based step-by-step grinding-polishing processing method, which has the technical core that non-Newtonian fluid grinding-polishing liquid is used for replacing traditional grinding liquid, step-by-step change of contact-quasi-contact-non-contact states of a grinding wheel and a workpiece is controlled, low-damage grinding-composite grinding-polishing-in-situ flexible polishing is sequentially realized by utilizing the shear rheological effect of the grinding-polishing liquid, and a near-damage surface is efficiently obtained. The method is easy to realize, high in machining efficiency, high in precision and strong in practicability, and the optical surface of the hard and brittle material with high surface precision and high surface integrity can be obtained through the method. The invention has the advantages that:
1) the three procedures of low-damage grinding, composite grinding and polishing and in-situ flexible polishing are completed in a single clamping step-by-step mode, so that the whole machining efficiency is improved, and the machining surface shape error caused by multiple clamping is eliminated.
2) The grinding and polishing device has good applicability to grinding and polishing of various complex surfaces;
3) the technical transformation cost is low, and the method is suitable for industrial popularization.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the positions of a grinding wheel, a workpiece and a polishing nozzle in the method of the invention: 1 is a grinding wheel, 2 is a shearing rheological grinding fluid polishing, 3 is a workpiece, and 24-position grinding fluid polishing nozzles are arranged;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a low damage grinding process proposed in the method of the present invention: 1 is a grinding wheel, 11 is a grinding wheel binder, and 12 grinding wheels are fixed with abrasive particles; 2, grinding fluid by shear flow, 21, namely non-Newtonian fluid base fluid, 22 grinding free abrasive materials in the fluid, and 23, namely hydrostatic pressure generated by a dynamic pressure field of the grinding fluid on a shear surface; 3, grinding surface microcracks at 31 positions of the workpiece;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the composite polishing process proposed in the method of the present invention: 1 is a grinding wheel, 11 is a grinding wheel binder, and 12 grinding wheels are fixed with abrasive particles; 2, grinding a polishing solution by shear flow, 21, namely a non-Newtonian fluid base solution, and 22 positions of free abrasive in the polishing solution; 3 is a workpiece;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an in-situ polishing process proposed in the method of the present invention: 1 is a grinding wheel, 11 is a grinding wheel binder, and 12 grinding wheels are fixed with abrasive particles; 2, grinding a polishing solution by shear flow, 21, namely a non-Newtonian fluid base solution, and 22 positions of free abrasive in the polishing solution; 3 is a workpiece;
FIG. 5 is a rheological graph of a shear rheological polishing liquid prepared by three typical abrasives in a specific embodiment, wherein a non-Newtonian fluid base liquid is a non-Newtonian fluid composed of a polyhydroxy polymer and water, and the concentration is 52.5 wt%; the abrasive is alumina, silicon oxide and diamond, the granularity is 3000#, and the abrasive concentration is 10 wt%.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a progressive grinding-polishing method based on non-newtonian fluid shear rheological effect includes the following steps:
(1) mixing an abrasive 22 and an additive into a non-Newtonian fluid base liquid 21 with a shear rheological effect, uniformly stirring to prepare a shear rheological grinding and polishing liquid 2, and adding the prepared grinding and polishing liquid 2 into a machine tool grinding liquid station;
(2) in the fine grinding stage after the traditional coarse grinding and semi-fine grinding are finished, referring to fig. 1, the position of a polishing liquid nozzle 24 is adjusted, and a shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid 2 is provided for a grinding area from the cutting-in end of a grinding wheel 1 along the linear velocity direction of the grinding wheel to replace the traditional grinding liquid; the grinding wheel 1 is a 1A1 type disc-shaped grinding wheel, the surface of the workpiece 3 is a plane or a curved surface, and the grinding fluid is supplied by pouring or high-pressure spraying;
(3) compiling a numerical control program, setting the grinding depth to be larger than zero, setting the linear speed of the grinding wheel 1 according to a shearing rheological grinding polishing rheological curve shown in figure 5 and the grinding process parameter range of the material of the workpiece 3, controlling the shearing rheological effect of the polishing liquid 2, further improving the hydrodynamic pressure field strength of a wedge-shaped grinding area, and realizing low-damage grinding of the surface of the workpiece 3;
(4) setting a grinding depth equal to zero in a numerical control program, setting a linear speed of a grinding wheel 1 according to a shearing rheological grinding fluid throwing curve and a grinding process parameter range of a workpiece 3 material as shown in FIG. 5, controlling a shearing rheological effect of a grinding fluid throwing 2, and carrying out grinding-polishing combined machining on a grinding surface;
(5) the numerical control program sets the grinding wheel 1 and the workpiece 3 in a non-contact state, carries out shearing rheological polishing on the grinding surface, and controls the material removal rate of each point on the surface in the polishing process by adjusting the rheological property of the polishing liquid 2, the linear speed of the grinding wheel 1, the feeding speed of the workpiece 3 and the gap between the grinding wheel 1 and the workpiece 3.
Further, in the step (3), the step (4) and the step (5), in the step-by-step grinding-polishing process, after the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid 2 enters the wedge-shaped grinding area from the cutting-in end of the grinding wheel 1 along the linear velocity direction of the grinding wheel, a fluid dynamic pressure field is formed in the grinding area; the distribution of the hydrodynamic pressure along the linear velocity direction (set as x direction) of the grinding wheel is as follows:
wherein eta is the viscosity of the shearing rheological grinding and polishing liquid, u is the flow velocity of the shearing rheological grinding and polishing liquid along the x-axis direction, and p is the hydrodynamic pressure field strength of the wedge-shaped grinding area.
The grinding zone shear rheology grinding fluid 2 generates rheological effect under the rotating and shearing action of the grinding wheel 1, including shear thickening, shear curing or shear expansion. The closer the shearing rheological effect of the polishing liquid 2 is to the grinding area, the closer the rheological property is to the stable state, the viscosity can be increased by tens of times or even hundreds of times, as shown in fig. 5. According to equation (1), the shear rheological effect greatly increases the hydrodynamic pressure field strength in the grinding zone.
Still further, in the step (3), in the low-damage grinding process, the grinding wheel 1 and the ground workpiece 3 are in a contact state, that is, the grinding depth is greater than zero and is 0-10 μm.
Referring to fig. 2, low damage grinding is achieved by three aspects:
3.1) shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid 2 rheological effect strengthens hydrodynamic pressure field strength of the wedge-shaped grinding area, so that hydrostatic pressure 23 in the direction perpendicular to the material removal shearing surface in the grinding process is increased, and removal of a plastic domain of a hard and brittle material is promoted;
3.2) flexibly holding free abrasive particles 22 by the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid 2, removing the grinding wheel binder material 11, and realizing the online sharpening of the grinding wheel 1;
3.3) the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid 2 flexibly holds the free abrasive particles 22 to polish the grinding surface damage layer.
In the low-damage grinding process, the material removal is mainly based on the grinding effect of the abrasive particles 13 fixed on the surface of the grinding wheel 1; the removal rate of the polishing material on the grinding surface by the free abrasive 22 in the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid 2 is assisted; the free abrasive 22 in the shearing rheological grinding fluid 2 is used for dressing the grinding wheel 1 on line, so that the grinding wheel can keep the grinding performance, and the quality of the grinding surface is improved.
Further, referring to fig. 3, in the step (4), in the composite grinding and polishing process, the grinding depth is set to be zero by a program, the grinding wheel 1 and the workpiece 3 are in a quasi-contact state, and the actual grinding depth is equal to the residual height after the previous grinding.
Further, the material removal in the composite grinding and polishing process is realized by the following two aspects:
4.1) burnishing, the material removal originating from the elastic deformation of the workpiece-tool system;
and 4.2) flexibly holding free abrasive particles by using a shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid to polish the damaged layer on the grinding surface.
In the step (5), the grinding wheel and the processed workpiece are in a non-contact state, and the distance between the grinding wheel and the processed workpiece is larger than zero and is 0-5 mm.
Material removal is achieved by: the free abrasive particles are flexibly held by the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid, and the grinding surface is polished in a hydrodynamic pressure field.
The non-Newtonian fluid base fluid having a shear rheological effect is one of: the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polyethylene glycol and silica particles, the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polyhydroxy polymer and water, and the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polymethyl methacrylate and glycerol.
The non-Newtonian fluid base liquid accounts for 50-95% of the mass fraction of the polishing liquid.
The abrasive is one or a mixture of more than two of the following materials: diamond, cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, alumina, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide. The grain size range of the abrasive is 0.5-10 mu m, and accounts for 5-50% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution. The additives include one or more of: dispersing agent, surfactant, pH regulator, and chemical activator. As optimization, the content of the additive in the polishing solution of the shear flow grinding is lower than 5%.
Claims (10)
1. A stepped grinding-polishing processing method based on non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing an abrasive and an additive into a non-Newtonian fluid base liquid with a shear rheological effect, uniformly stirring to prepare a shear rheological grinding and polishing liquid, and adding the shear rheological grinding and polishing liquid into a machine tool grinding liquid station;
(2) in the fine grinding stage after the traditional coarse grinding and semi-fine grinding are finished, a shearing rheological grinding polishing solution is provided for a grinding area from the cutting-in end of the grinding wheel along the linear velocity direction of the grinding wheel to replace the traditional grinding solution;
(3) setting a grinding depth to be larger than zero in a numerical control program, setting a linear speed of a grinding wheel according to a polishing fluid rheological curve of the shear rheological grinding, and controlling the shear rheological effect of the polishing fluid, so that the hydrodynamic pressure field strength of a wedge-shaped grinding area is improved, and the low-damage grinding of the surface of a workpiece is realized;
(4) setting a grinding depth equal to zero in a numerical control program, setting a linear velocity of a grinding wheel according to a rheological curve of a shearing rheological grinding fluid and a grinding process parameter range of a workpiece material, controlling a shearing rheological effect of the grinding fluid, and carrying out grinding-polishing combined machining on a grinding surface;
(5) the numerical control program sets the grinding wheel and the workpiece in a non-contact state, carries out shear rheological polishing on the grinding surface, and controls the material removal rate of each point on the surface in the polishing process by adjusting the polishing rheological property, the linear speed of the grinding wheel, the feeding speed of the workpiece and the clearance between the grinding wheel and the workpiece.
2. The stepwise grinding-polishing method based on the non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the stepwise grinding-polishing process of step (3), step (4) and step (5), after the shear rheological grinding polishing fluid enters the wedge-shaped grinding zone from the cutting-in end of the grinding wheel along the linear velocity direction of the grinding wheel, a fluid dynamic pressure field is formed in the wedge-shaped grinding zone; the polishing liquid generates rheological effect under the shearing action of the grinding wheel, including shear thickening, shear curing or shear expansion.
3. The stepwise grinding-polishing method based on non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effect according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the low damage grinding process of step (3), the grinding wheel and the workpiece to be ground are in contact with each other, i.e. the grinding depth is greater than zero and is 0-10 μm.
4. The stepwise polish-and-polish process based on shear rheological effect of non-newtonian fluids according to claim 3, wherein low damage grinding is achieved by three aspects:
3.1) polishing rheological effect of shear rheological grinding to strengthen the hydrodynamic pressure field strength of the wedge-shaped grinding area, so that the hydrostatic pressure in the direction perpendicular to the shearing surface of the material to be removed in the grinding process is increased, and the removal of the plastic domain of the hard and brittle material is promoted;
3.2) shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid flexibly controls free abrasive particles, removes grinding wheel binder materials and realizes grinding wheel on-line dressing;
3.3) flexibly holding free abrasive particles by the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid to polish the grinding surface damage layer.
5. The stepwise grinding-polishing method based on non-newtonian fluid shear rheological effect according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (4), the grinding depth is set to be zero by a program in the composite grinding-polishing process, the grinding wheel-workpiece is in a quasi-contact state, and the actual grinding depth is equal to the residual height after the previous grinding.
6. The stepwise grinding-polishing process based on non-Newtonian fluid shear rheological effects of claim 5, wherein material removal during the combined grinding-polishing process is achieved by:
4.1) burnishing, the material removal originating from the elastic deformation of the workpiece-tool system;
and 4.2) flexibly holding free abrasive particles by using a shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid to polish the damaged layer on the grinding surface.
7. The stepwise grinding-polishing method based on the shear rheological effect of the non-Newtonian fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step (5), the grinding wheel and the workpiece are in a non-contact state, and a distance between the grinding wheel and the workpiece is greater than zero and is 0-5 mm.
8. The stepwise polish-grind method based on the shear rheological effect of a non-newtonian fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material removal is achieved by: the free abrasive particles are flexibly held by the shearing rheological grinding polishing liquid, and the grinding surface is polished in a hydrodynamic pressure field.
9. The stepwise polish-grind method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the non-newtonian fluid base fluid having a shear rheological effect is one of: the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polyethylene glycol and silica particles, the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polyhydroxy polymer and water, and the non-Newtonian fluid consists of polymethyl methacrylate and glycerol;
the non-Newtonian fluid base liquid accounts for 50-95% of the mass fraction of the polishing liquid.
10. The stepwise grinding-polishing process based on shear rheological effect of non-newtonian fluid according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the abrasive is one or a mixture of two or more of: diamond, cubic boron nitride, silicon carbide, boron carbide, alumina, silicon oxide, zirconium oxide, cerium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide, magnesium oxide;
the grain size range of the grinding material is 0.5-10 mu m, and the grinding material accounts for 5-50% of the mass fraction of the polishing solution;
the additives include one or more of: dispersants, surfactants, PH regulators, chemical active agents;
the content of the additive in the shearing rheological polishing solution is lower than 5 percent.
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| CN113103070A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-07-13 | 华南理工大学 | Method for machining microgrooves by shearing, thickening and abrasive flow combined grinding |
| CN113001266A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-22 | 湖南大学 | Online flexible finishing method of spherical micro-grinding tool based on electromagnetic rheological effect |
| CN114473719A (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-05-13 | 南京理工大学 | Microstructure polishing method based on local shear thickening |
| CN114918742A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-19 | 浙江工业大学 | Microstructure in-situ grinding and polishing processing device based on electrorheological effect and processing method thereof |
| CN115194664A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-10-18 | 湖南锐健科技有限公司 | Silicon carbide linear slide rail precision grinding wheel based on non-Newtonian fluid rheological property |
| CN115194664B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-06-20 | 湖南锐健科技有限公司 | Precise grinding wheel for silicon carbide linear slide rail based on rheological property of non-Newtonian fluid |
| CN115662877A (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-01-31 | 东海县太阳光新能源有限公司 | Monocrystalline silicon surface cleaning method |
| CN115662877B (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2023-08-04 | 东海县太阳光新能源有限公司 | Monocrystalline silicon surface cleaning method |
| CN115433523A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-06 | 湘潭大学 | Multiphase shear thickening polishing solution and preparation method thereof |
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