CN113082969A - Exhaust gas treatment system - Google Patents
Exhaust gas treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113082969A CN113082969A CN202110370656.2A CN202110370656A CN113082969A CN 113082969 A CN113082969 A CN 113082969A CN 202110370656 A CN202110370656 A CN 202110370656A CN 113082969 A CN113082969 A CN 113082969A
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- deodorization
- cooling
- adsorption
- path
- treatment system
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Abstract
The present invention provides an exhaust gas treatment system comprising: include through the exhaust-gas treatment system, dustproof system and the cooling dewatering system of pipeline series connection in proper order, still include a plurality of processing system and the control system that awaits selection, wherein: the multiple treatment systems to be selected are used for constructing any one or more paths of multiple paths through pipelines and valves, the inlet of each path is connected with the outlet of the cooling and dehydrating system through the pipeline and the valve, and the control system is used for sending the waste gas treated by the cooling and dehydrating system into one of the paths through valve control so as to treat the waste gas treated by the cooling and dehydrating system through the path. The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention has the advantages of intelligence, flexibility, fine treatment effect and high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of circulating treatment, in particular to a waste gas treatment system.
Background
The malodorous gas is any peculiar smell gas which stimulates olfactory organs to cause unpleasant feeling and harm living environment. In recent years, along with the development of the production and manufacturing industry and the improvement of the living standard of people, the environmental protection consciousness is gradually enhanced, the requirement of the public on the living environment is higher and higher, and the malodorous gas discharged by various industries affects the quality of the living environment of the public, so that the complaint in the aspect of environmental protection is increased; by way of introduction, malodor and odor complaints are second only to noise complaints and are the second place in environmental problems. Common malodorous substances comprise hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, organic sulfur, organic amine, organic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and the like, and the malodorous substances are difficult to treat and have high cost due to the characteristics of multiple types, low threshold value and the like.
Along with the synthesis of enterprise production, various waste gases also become complicated and diversified, and the difficulty of waste gas treatment is further increased.
To solve the above-mentioned malodor emission problem, the present inventors have learned that: according to the practical production pertinence, different waste gas treatment schemes are provided, or the conversion of the waste gas treatment schemes is determined manually, such as the utility model 'a production technology treatment system' (application number 202022492672.2) provided by the invention on 11, 2/2020. However, such solutions based on human experience are not intelligent and flexible enough, the processing effect is not fine enough, and the efficiency is low.
Disclosure of Invention
It is an object of the present invention to provide an exhaust gas treatment system for solving the above problems.
The invention is realized by the following steps: the utility model provides an exhaust treatment system, includes through the exhaust treatment system, dustproof system and the cooling dewatering system of pipeline series connection in proper order, still includes a plurality of processing system and the control system that awaits selection, wherein:
the multiple to-be-selected treatment systems are used for constructing any one or more paths of multiple paths through pipelines and valves, and the inlet of each path is connected with the outlet of the cooling and dehydrating system through a pipeline and a valve;
and the control system is used for making a decision and sending the waste gas treated by the temperature reduction and dehydration system into one of the paths through valve control so as to treat the waste gas treated by the temperature reduction and dehydration system through the one path.
Optionally, the multiple paths include:
the first path comprises an oxidation deodorization system and an ultrasonic strengthening treatment system which are connected in series;
the second path comprises a multi-stage spraying system and a demisting system which are connected in series;
the third path comprises the oxidation deodorization system, the multistage spraying system, an ultrasonic strengthening treatment system and a demisting system which are connected in series;
the fourth path comprises the oxidation deodorization system, the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system and the adsorption deodorization system which are connected in series;
a fifth path including an adsorption deodorization system;
a sixth pathway comprising a biological deodorization system;
and a seventh path which comprises an adsorption concentration system and a combustion deodorization system which are connected in series.
Optionally, the control system is configured to decide a target path into which the exhaust gas treated by the cooling and dewatering system flows in a next time interval according to the exhaust gas treated by the cooling and dewatering system in the current time interval and the historical time interval, and switch the current path to the target path through valve control, so as to process the exhaust gas treated by the cooling and dewatering system in the next time interval through the target path.
Optionally, the exhaust treatment system further comprises:
the first dust sensor is connected with the dust removal system and the cooling and dewatering system and used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the dust removal system in real time;
the first pressure sensor is connected with the dust removal system, the dust sensor and the cooling and dewatering system, and is used for monitoring the pressure of the dust removal system in real time.
Optionally, the exhaust treatment system further comprises:
the first temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the cooling and dehydrating system and used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the cooling and dehydrating system;
the sewage treatment system is connected with the cooling dehydration system and used for receiving the condensation sewage discharged by the cooling dehydration system and treating the condensation sewage to reach the discharge standard.
Optionally, the oxidation deodorization system comprises an ozone generator, a photocatalytic oxidation deodorization device and a low-temperature plasma deodorization device, and is used for sterilizing waste gas in the cooling dehydration system and harmful organisms of products.
Optionally, the multi-stage spraying system is configured to reduce dust, moisture and odor factors in the exhaust gas after the oxidation deodorization system, the dust removal system or the cooling and dehydration system.
Optionally, the ultrasonic wave enhanced treatment system is used for accelerating the decomposition of ozone discharged by the oxidation deodorization system and enhancing the removal of odor;
the demisting system comprises a baffle plate, a rotational flow plate and a wire mesh demister and is used for separating liquid drops formed by gas with entrainment through the inertia impact effect of the gas when the gas with entrainment flows through the wire mesh demister at a preset speed;
the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system is connected with the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system and used for sensing the ozone degree of the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system;
the system also comprises a second pressure sensor which is connected with the chimney exhaust system and is used for monitoring the pressure of the chimney exhaust system in real time.
Optionally, the adsorption deodorization system is configured to transfer the malodorous substance of the ultrasonic wave enhanced treatment system from a gas phase to a solid phase through an adsorption function of an adsorbent, where the adsorption function includes physical adsorption or chemical adsorption; or
The third pressure sensor is connected with the adsorption deodorization system and used for sensing the pressure of the adsorption deodorization system; or
The temperature sensor is connected with the adsorption deodorization system and used for sensing the temperature of the adsorption deodorization system.
Optionally, the biological deodorization system is used for decomposing odor of gas discharged by the cooling dehydration system through metabolism of microorganisms fixed on the filter material;
the biological deodorization system is characterized by further comprising a second temperature and humidity sensor connected with the biological deodorization system, and the second temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the biological deodorization system.
Optionally, the adsorption concentration system is configured to pretreat the waste gas containing organic substances and malodorous gas discharged from the cooling and dewatering system, and then feed the pretreated waste gas into an adsorption bed to perform adsorption work, and then trap the organic substances in the adsorption bed by an acting force of an adsorbent, and discharge the adsorbed clean gas;
the second dust sensor is connected to the adsorption concentration system and used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system in real time;
the device also comprises an oxygen sensor connected with the adsorption concentration system, wherein the oxygen sensor is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system in real time.
Optionally, the combustion deodorization system is configured to oxidize and decompose the organic matter discharged by the adsorption concentration system into harmless gas by using a heat exchange principle.
The technical scheme of the invention achieves the technical effects that:
the waste gas treatment system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and stable operation, and can intelligently control the path of waste gas treatment, thereby realizing the diversity and flexibility of waste gas treatment and improving the treatment efficiency of various waste gases.
It should be noted that, the partial systems in the multiple paths realize the sharing of the system to be processed through valve control. Thus, in the present invention, some paths are not fixed, but can be generated temporarily by the control system controlling the valve. Therefore, the intelligent selection of the path and the temporary gradual effective improvement of the reusability of the system are achieved.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a block schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The waste gas refers to toxic and harmful gas discharged by human in the production process. Especially chemical plants, steel plants, pharmaceutical plants, coking plants and oil refineries, etc., the discharged waste gas has large odor, seriously pollutes the environment and affects the human health.
The invention provides a waste gas treatment system, and provides a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production waste gas. In addition, the device has the advantages of simple structure, stable operation, high treatment efficiency, various selections and the like. The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention can be suitable for multi-field application, and can relate to comprehensive treatment technology of waste gas produced in the fields of food industry, feed industry, medicine industry and the like by selecting the combination of various process treatment equipment, including but not limited to coarse crushing waste gas, micro crushing waste gas, ultramicro crushing waste gas, cooler waste gas, dryer dehumidifying waste gas, feeding air conveying waste gas, production head and tail dehumidifying waste gas, workshop warehouse unorganized waste gas and the like in the food industry, feed industry, medicament (containing traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces) production industry, and is suitable for multi-field application and increased in applicability.
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 8, the present invention is realized in this way.
An exhaust gas treatment system 100 comprises an exhaust gas air supply system 110, a dustproof system 120 and a cooling dehydration system 130 which are sequentially connected in series through pipelines, and further comprises a chimney discharge system 140 and a plurality of candidate treatment systems and control systems, wherein:
the plurality of candidate processing systems includes: an oxidation deodorization system 250, an ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system 270, a multi-stage spraying system 260, a demisting system 290, an adsorption deodorization system 310, a biological deodorization system 340 and a combustion deodorization system 390.
The plurality of candidate processing systems are configured to construct any one or more of a plurality of paths through pipes and valves, and an inlet of each path is connected to an outlet of the de-superheating and dewatering system 130 through a pipe and a valve, wherein the plurality of paths include:
a first path including an oxidation deodorization system 250 and an ultrasonic wave reinforcement processing system 270 connected in series;
a second path comprising a multi-stage spraying system 260 and a demisting system 290 connected in series;
a third path, which comprises the oxidation deodorization system 250, the multi-stage spraying system 260, the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system 270 and the demisting system 290 which are connected in series;
a fourth path including the oxidation deodorization system 250, the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system 270, and the adsorption deodorization system 310 connected in series;
a fifth path including an adsorption deodorization system 310;
a sixth pathway comprising a biological deodorization system 340;
a seventh path including an adsorption concentration system 360, a combustion deodorization system 390 connected in series;
and the control system is used for making a decision and sending the waste gas treated by the temperature reduction and dehydration system into one of the paths through valve control so as to treat the waste gas treated by the temperature reduction and dehydration system through the one path.
The exhaust gas blowing system 110 includes, but is not limited to, organized and unorganized exhaust gas blowing fans in the food industry, the feed industry, and the medicament (containing traditional Chinese medicine decoction pieces or western medicine decoction pieces) production industry, and the fans include axial fans and centrifugal fans configured in the existing production systems, and also include axial fans and centrifugal fans introduced for balancing air volume and air pressure in the environmental protection treatment. That is, the exhaust air supply system 100 may be applied to various fields, and multifunctional production of various substances, followed by filtering, purification, and the like.
And the dust removal system 120 is connected with the exhaust air supply system 110, and the dust removal system 120 receives the exhaust air discharged by the exhaust air supply system 110 and reduces the dust degree of the exhaust air. In the dust removal system 120, dust is an important carrier of odor molecules, playing a key role in the spread and diffusion of odor, and therefore dust removal is required to reduce the odor concentration. The purpose of the dedusting system 120 is to reduce dust in the emitted organized, unorganized exhaust; because the waste gas has the characteristics of high temperature, moisture and oil, a pulse dust collector with a water-repellent and oil-proof filter bag or a dust collector with a plastic sintered plate (also called a 'sintered plate') is mainly adopted for dust settling treatment. The filter bag dust remover and the sintering plate dust remover are both provided with pulse injection devices, dust adhered to the filter bag and the sintering plate is cleaned regularly, the dust removal effect is ensured, and the good stability of operation is guaranteed. The dust remover and the air inlet pipeline are subjected to heat preservation treatment, so that condensed water is prevented from being generated, and the service life of the dust removing filter material is shortened.
And the cooling and dewatering system 130 is connected with the dust removal system 120. The cooling and dehydrating system 130 receives the exhaust gas discharged from the dust removing system 120 and cools and dehydrates the exhaust gas. In the cooling dehydration system 130, since water molecules are also one of the important carriers of the odor molecules, and the propagation and diffusion of the odor are aggravated by high temperature, the exhaust gas needs to be cooled and dehydrated to further reduce the concentration of the odor. And the dust which cannot be removed by the dust removal system 120 can be reduced while the temperature is reduced and the dehydration is carried out, so that the method has a decisive effect on the control and subsequent treatment of the peculiar smell. The system mainly relates to equipment such as a heat exchanger, a water cooler, an evaporative condenser, a cooling tower, a transit water tank, a water pump, a pipeline valve and the like.
The heat exchanger mainly has the function of cooling and dehydrating the waste gas, and can adopt a gas-gas heat exchanger and a gas-liquid heat exchanger. The gas-gas heat exchanger uses ambient air as a cooling medium to cool the waste gas, and mainly plays a role of pre-cooling, and the applicable waste gas temperature is more than 60 ℃. The gas-liquid heat exchanger mainly takes refrigerating fluid as a cooling medium to cool the waste gas, and can be used for pre-cooling and deep cooling treatment. The refrigerating fluid can be directly purchased from low-temperature liquid media such as finished ice water, liquid nitrogen and the like, and can also be prepared by equipment such as a water chiller, an evaporative condenser or a cooling tower and the like. And (3) purchased ice water and liquid nitrogen are conveyed to a heat exchanger through a pump valve to be discharged after the waste gas is cooled, wherein the ice water can be used as production water, and the liquid nitrogen is heated to become gas which is volatilized, so that the environment is not influenced. The prepared chilled water is conveyed to the heat exchanger through the water pump to cool the waste gas, and then returns to the transit water tank, and is cooled by the water cooler and recycled. Several methods of chilled water production are provided below:
preparation method of chilled water 1:
the equipment such as a water cooler (containing a condenser), a spray tower, a water pump, a pipeline and the like is adopted. Refrigerant (also called as "refrigerant") absorbs heat of cooled liquid in the evaporator and is vaporized into steam, and the cooled liquid forms chilled water to cool the exhaust gas through the heat exchanger. The compressor continuously draws the generated vapor from the evaporator and compresses it. The compressed high-temperature and high-pressure steam is sent to a condenser and then is subjected to heat release and condensation to form high-pressure liquid, the high-pressure liquid is subjected to pressure reduction by a throttling mechanism and then enters an evaporator for re-vaporization, and the heat of the cooled liquid is absorbed; the water after temperature rise is conveyed to the cooling tower through the water pump to be cooled and then returns to the condenser to cool the refrigerant, and the operation is repeated.
Preparation method of chilled water 2:
a water cooler (without a condenser), an evaporative condenser and the like are adopted. The evaporative condenser integrates a shell-and-tube water-cooled condenser, a cooling tower, a circulating water pump, a water pool and a water pipeline. The superheated high-pressure refrigerant gas discharged by the compressor in the water chiller passes through a condensation exhaust pipe in the evaporative condenser, so that the high-temperature gaseous refrigerant exchanges heat with spray water and air outside the exhaust pipe and is recycled to the water chiller evaporator, the heat of the cooled liquid is absorbed and vaporized into steam again, and the cooled liquid forms chilled water to cool waste gas through a heat exchanger. Compared with the traditional cooling tower, the evaporative condenser has the advantages of compact structure, less occupied area, light weight, less connecting pipelines, convenient installation and the like, and meanwhile, the power of the compressor is saved by at least 10 percent compared with other cooling tower/condenser systems, and the running cost is lower.
The application of ice cold accumulation in cooling: in order to realize the optimization of power consumption, the preparation methods 1 and 2 of the chilled water refrigerate the chilled water at the valley power and the flat power at night and store the chilled water in a large enough transfer water tank, so that the refrigerating capacity required by daily waste gas emission treatment is ensured, and the uninterrupted operation of an environment-friendly system is ensured. The preparation methods 1 and 2 of the chilled water are controlled in an optimized mode, and the preparation efficiency of the product is effectively improved.
The stack exhaust system 140 acts as an exhaust vent system to control the exhaust treatment system 100 to a slightly negative pressure condition. Furthermore, the stack exhaust system 140 includes an exhaust stack, an induced draft fan, and a wind pressure sensor. The exhaust chimney, the sampling hole and the adopted platform are arranged to meet the requirements of fixed source exhaust gas monitoring technical specification (HJT 397). The draught fan is mainly used for balancing the air volume and the air pressure of the environment-friendly treatment system and ensuring the effective operation of the environment-friendly equipment. The chimney exhaust system 140 is provided with a wind pressure sensor and alarm feedback, and monitors a wind pressure value on line and feeds back the micro-negative pressure state of the regulation system.
As shown in fig. 2, 3 and 4, the first dust sensor 210 is connected to the dust removing system 120 and the temperature-reducing and dewatering system 130, and the first dust sensor 210 is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the dust removing system 120 in real time. The first pressure sensor 220 is connected to the dust removing system 120, the first dust sensor 210 and the cooling and dewatering system 130, and the first pressure sensor 220 is used for monitoring the pressure of the dust removing system 120 in real time. In addition, the dust removing system 120 is also provided with an explosion-proof and explosion-venting device to ensure safe operation. Meanwhile, the first dust sensor 210, the first pressure sensor 220 and alarm feedback are arranged, so that the dust removal effect and the pressure difference condition are monitored in real time, and the feedback is carried out in time when a fault occurs.
The first temperature and humidity sensor 230 is connected to the cooling and dehydrating system 130, and the first temperature and humidity sensor 230 is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the cooling and dehydrating system 130. The sewage treatment system 240 is connected with the cooling and dewatering system 130, and the sewage treatment system 240 is used for receiving the condensed sewage discharged by the cooling and dewatering system 130 and treating the condensed sewage to reach the discharge standard. The temperature and humidity state of the biological filter bed system is monitored through the arranged first temperature and humidity sensor 230, so that the biological strains are ensured to have higher biological activity under the appropriate temperature and humidity condition, and the deodorization efficiency is improved. Meanwhile, the working pressure of the system is monitored through the second pressure sensor 293 and the alarm feedback monitoring system, whether the packing system is in business trip collapse or blockage is monitored, and stable operation of the treatment system and convenience in daily maintenance and management are ensured. In the sewage treatment system 240, the sewage removed from the cooling dehydration system 130 is treated by sewage treatment equipment to reach the standard and then is recycled as production water or plant greening water without being discharged. Because the biodegradability of the waste water is good, a treatment process of anaerobic fermentation and an activated sludge method is adopted. The treated sewage reaches the secondary discharge standard of pollutant discharge Standard of municipal wastewater treatment plant (GB 18918-2002). The sewage treatment execution standard is as follows
The oxidation deodorization system 250 is connected with the cooling dehydration system 130, and the oxidation deodorization system 250 comprises an ozone generator, a photocatalytic oxidation deodorization device and a low-temperature plasma deodorization device, and is used for sterilizing the waste gas in the cooling dehydration system 130 and the harmful organisms of the product. Oxidation deodorization system: the oxidation deodorization system herein may employ one of an ozone deodorization device, a photocatalytic deodorization device, and a low-temperature plasma deodorization device.
An ozone generator: a device for producing ozone gas (O3). Ozone is easy to decompose and inconvenient to store, so the ozone needs to be prepared on site and used on site. The main three types are high-voltage discharge type, ultraviolet irradiation type and electrolysis type. The main control parameters include ozone generation amount, ozone concentration, discharge voltage, power, air treatment medium, etc. Ozone has a strong oxidizing power, the oxidation-reduction potential of which is second only to that of fluorine, and organic or inorganic substances which generate odor and other odors can be rapidly decomposed by virtue of the strong oxidizing performance of ozone.
Photocatalytic oxidation deodorization equipment: when a photon with a wavelength of 253.7nm or less is irradiated onto the photocatalyst titanium dioxide particles under irradiation of the UV ultraviolet lamp, electrons of the catalyst in the valence band are excited by the photon, and the electrons are transited to the conduction band to form free electrons. Titanium dioxide forms a positively charged hole in the valence band, thus forming an electron-hole pair. By utilizing the oxidation of the generated holes and the reduction capability of free electrons, the titanium dioxide reacts with moisture H2O and O2 contacted with the surface to generate free radicals with extremely strong oxidation force, the free radicals can decompose and break functional bonds of all organic matters almost, the structure of organic matter molecules in the waste gas is changed, hydrogen (H) and carbon (C) contained in the waste gas are changed into water and carbon dioxide, and the organic waste gas and malodorous molecules are degraded and purified.
Low-temperature plasma deodorization equipment: in the discharge process of the high-frequency high-voltage electric field, electrons obtain energy from the electric field, the energy is converted into internal energy or kinetic energy of pollutant molecules through inelastic collision, the molecules obtaining the energy are excited or ionized to form active groups, meanwhile, oxygen and moisture in the air can also generate a large amount of nascent hydrogen, active oxygen, hydroxyl oxygen and other active groups under the action of the high-energy electrons, and a series of complex physical and chemical reactions are initiated after the active groups collide with each other. From the active group composition of the plasma, it can be seen that the plasma is rich in particles with extremely high chemical activity, such as electrons, ions, free radicals, excited molecules, and the like. The pollutant in the waste gas reacts with the active groups with higher energy and is finally converted into substances such as CO, HO and the like, thereby achieving the purpose of purifying the waste gas. Meanwhile, under the action of an external electric field, a large amount of energetic electrons generated by discharge bombard pollutant molecules, so that the pollutant molecules are ionized, dissociated and excited, and macromolecular pollutants are changed into simple small molecules or toxic and harmful substances are changed into non-toxic and harmless or low-toxicity and low-harmful substances.
And the multi-stage spraying system 260 is used for reducing the dust, moisture and odor factors of the waste gas treated by the oxidation deodorization system 250, the dust removal system 120 or the cooling dehydration system 130. The dust, moisture and odor factors of the waste gas treated by the dust removal system 120 and the temperature reduction and dehydration system 130 of the multi-stage spraying system 260 are greatly reduced. The gas mixture is treated with an absorption liquid to remove one or more of the odorous components therein by treatment with the multi-stage spray system 260. During this process, physical action occurs, i.e. physical absorption, of some of the gas dissolved in the solution. Chemical reaction, i.e., chemical absorption, also occurs between chemical substances in the gas and liquid. In conclusion, the purpose of comprehensive deodorization is achieved through physical absorption and chemical reaction. The system mainly comprises a spray tower, a spray box, a packed tower, various washers, a bubble tower, a sieve plate tower and the like. The types of the towers are selected according to the absorption efficiency, the resistance of the equipment and the operation difficulty, multi-stage combined absorption can be selected, and a 1-3-stage spraying structure is generally adopted. The liquid absorbent can be water or solution containing surfactant, and the air speed in the tower is controlled to be 0.5-2.5 m/s, and the liquid-gas ratio is 1.5-4.0L/m 3. The spraying pressure is 0.2-0.4 MPa and the like, so that the spraying deodorization effect is ensured.
In one embodiment, the ultrasonic wave enhanced treatment system 270 is used to accelerate the decomposition of ozone discharged from the oxidation deodorization system 250 and enhance the removal of odor. The ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system 270 accelerates the decomposition of ozone and strengthens the removal of peculiar smell by using the ultrasonic wave generator therein, thereby not only ensuring the effective removal of peculiar smell, but also ensuring that the ozone at the discharge port does not exceed the standard. On one hand, the decomposition of ozone is strengthened by means of the ultrasonic cavitation effect and the generated physicochemical effect, and a large amount of free radicals are generated; on the other hand, the increased free radicals enhance the decomposition and removal of the odor. An ozone sensor and alarm feedback are arranged behind the system, so that the ozone value in the waste gas is monitored and regulated within the limit value of national, local and industrial standards. Ozone sensor 291 is connected to ultrasonic wave enhancement treatment system 270, and ozone sensor 291 is used for sensing the ozone level of ultrasonic wave enhancement treatment system 270. A second pressure sensor 293 is operatively connected to the stack exhaust system 140 for monitoring the pressure of the stack exhaust system 140 in real time.
The demister system 290, which at least comprises a baffle plate, a swirl plate and a wire demister, separates liquid droplets formed by the gas with entrainment through the inertial impaction effect of the gas when the gas with entrainment flows through the wire demister at a predetermined speed. The demisting system 290 at least comprises a baffle plate, a rotational flow plate, a wire mesh demister and other structural forms, when gas containing mist flows through the demister at a certain speed, due to the inertial impact effect of the gas, the mist collides with the plate and the wire mesh structure in the demister, and the gathered liquid drops are large, so that when the gravity generated by the liquid drops exceeds the resultant force of the rising force of the gas and the surface tension of the liquid, the liquid drops are separated from the surface of the corrugated plate. Meanwhile, the ultrasonic generator emits sound waves to agglomerate fine particles, so that the liquid drop particles are accumulated and enlarged, and the demisting effect is enhanced.
In fig. 2, the gas discharge sequence is, firstly, the exhaust gas blowing system 110, then the dedusting system 120, then the cooling dehydration system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), then the oxidation deodorization system 250, then the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system 270, then the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
In fig. 3, the gas discharge sequence is, firstly, the exhaust gas blowing system 110, then the dedusting system 120, then the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), then the multi-stage spraying system 260, then the demisting system 290, then the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
In fig. 4, the gas discharge sequence is, firstly, the exhaust gas blowing system 110, then the dedusting system 120, then the cooling dehydration system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), then the oxidation deodorization system 250, then the multi-stage spraying system 260, then the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system 270, then the defogging system 290, then the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention provides a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production waste gas, has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases, and increases the application flexibility.
The adsorption deodorization system 310 transfers the malodorous substance in the ultrasonic wave enhanced treatment system 270 from the gas phase to the solid phase by the adsorption function of the adsorbent, wherein the adsorption function includes physical adsorption or chemical adsorption. In other words, the adsorption deodorization system 310 can transfer the malodor substances from the gas phase to the solid phase by using the adsorption function of the adsorbent, and can be classified into two types, physical adsorption and chemical adsorption. Physical adsorption is a reversible reaction by van der waals forces between the solid adsorbent and the odor or VOCs molecules that attach the odor and VOCs molecules to the solid surface, typically by changing pressure or temperature. The chemical adsorption is that the adsorbent and the odor or VOCs molecules generate chemical bonding to be attached to the surface of the adsorbent, the attraction force between the adsorbent and the odor or VOCs molecules is stronger than that of physical adsorption, and the chemical adsorption is usually an irreversible reaction. Common adsorbents include activated carbon, activated carbon fiber, silica gel, diatomaceous earth, activated alumina, synthetic zeolite, and the like.
The third pressure sensor 320 is connected to the adsorption deodorization system 310, and senses the pressure of the adsorption deodorization system 310. The temperature sensor 330 is connected to the adsorption deodorization system 310, and is used for sensing the temperature of the adsorption deodorization system 310. One or more of the adsorbents are orderly loaded into an adsorption box to adsorb the waste gas, the adsorption box is provided with a flame arrester, a fire valve and an explosion venting device, and a temperature sensor 330, a third pressure sensor 320 and alarm feedback are installed to determine the safe and effective operation of the whole system.
In fig. 5, the gas discharge sequence is, firstly, the exhaust gas blowing system 110, then the dedusting system 120, then the cooling dehydration system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), then the oxidation deodorization system 250, then the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system 270, then the adsorption deodorization system 310, then the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard.
In fig. 6, the gas discharge sequence is, firstly, the exhaust gas blowing system 110, then the dedusting system 120, then the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), then the adsorption and deodorization system 310, then the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard. The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention can provide a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production waste gas, and has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases.
The biological deodorization system 340 is used for decomposing the odor of the gas discharged from the temperature-reducing dehydration system 130 through the metabolism of the microorganisms fixed on the filter material. The second temperature and humidity sensor 350 is connected with the biological deodorization system 340, the second temperature and humidity sensor 350 is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the biological deodorization system 340, and the biological deodorization system 340 is also used for processing that the biological filter bed/tank can be subdivided into a humidification system, an air distribution system, a biological filter material and a drainage system. The malodorous gas is subjected to pretreatment processes such as dust removal, temperature reduction and dehydration. Firstly, odor is collected and conveyed to a humidifying and heat-insulating system, flows through a biological filter containing abundant microorganisms, and passes through a filter bed consisting of filter materials from bottom to top from the bottom of the filter bed, and malodorous gas is transferred to a water-microorganism mixed phase from a gas phase and is decomposed through the metabolism of the microorganisms fixed on the filter materials. The microbial deodorization process is divided into three steps:
(1) the odor is contacted with water and dissolved in the water, and organic substances in the odor are transferred from a gas phase to a liquid phase (or a solid surface liquid film);
(2) the odor dissolved in water is absorbed by microorganisms through cell walls and cell membranes of the microorganisms, and the odor not dissolved in water is firstly attached to the outside of the microorganisms, decomposed into soluble substances by extracellular enzymes secreted by the microorganisms and then permeates into the cells. The odor components in the liquid phase (or the solid surface biological layer) are adsorbed and absorbed by the microorganisms, and the odor components are transferred from the water to the microorganisms;
(3) the malodorous components entering the microbial cells are oxidized, decomposed and assimilated by the microbes as nutrient substances, and a part of the produced metabolites is dissolved in human liquid phase, a part of the metabolites is used as cell substances or cell metabolic energy sources, and a part of the metabolites (such as CO2) is separated out into the air. The odor is continuously reduced through the process, so that the pollutants are removed and purified.
In fig. 7, the gas discharge sequence is, firstly, the exhaust gas blowing system 110, then the dedusting system 120, then the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), then the biological deodorization system 340, then the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard. The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention can provide a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production waste gas, and has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases.
And the adsorption concentration system 360 is used for pretreating the waste gas containing organic matters and stink discharged by the cooling and dehydration system 130, then feeding the pretreated waste gas into an adsorption bed for adsorption, then trapping the organic matters in the adsorption bed by the acting force of the adsorbent, and discharging the adsorbed clean gas. The second dust sensor 370 is connected to the adsorption concentration system 360, and the second dust sensor 370 is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system 360 in real time. The oxygen sensor 380 is connected with the adsorption concentration system 360, and the oxygen sensor 380 is used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the adsorption concentration system 360 in real time. The adsorption concentration system 360 adopts multiple gas paths to work continuously, and a plurality of adsorption beds are arranged to be used alternately. The waste gas containing organic matters and stink enters an adsorption bed for adsorption work after being pretreated, organic matters are trapped inside the adsorption bed by the specific acting force of the adsorbent, and the adsorbed clean gas is discharged; after a period of time, the adsorption is stopped when the adsorbent reaches a saturated state, at which time the organic matter has been concentrated in the adsorbent. The combustion equipment automatically heats up, hot air is sent into the saturated adsorbent through the fan to heat up, organic matters are evaporated from the adsorbent, and the desorbed waste gas belongs to organic waste gas with high concentration, small air volume and high temperature.
The combustion deodorization system 390 oxidizes and decomposes the organic substances discharged from the adsorption concentration system 360 into harmless gases by the heat exchange principle. In other words, the combustion deodorization system 390 commonly uses regenerative catalytic combustion (RCO) technology, regenerative thermal incineration (RTO) technology. Starting a preheater in the combustion equipment during desorption, when the temperature reaches the ignition temperature, supplementing cold air in a system by a desorption fan and a supplementary air cooler, mixing and adjusting to a proper temperature, then sending the mixture into an adsorption bed for desorption, carrying out heat exchange between the blown high-concentration organic waste gas (which can be concentrated by 5-15 times) and the burnt hot waste gas in a heat exchanger to obtain preheating, and then sending the preheating into a combustion chamber, and raising the temperature in the combustion chamber to carry out oxidative decomposition on organic matters into harmless CO2 and H2O. The heat exchange temperature of the desorbed gas of the combusted waste gas is reduced to 180-200 ℃ for desorption, and the redundant waste gas is discharged into an exhaust funnel. In order to ensure the safe and stable operation of the system, pretreatment equipment such as a flame arrester, an air filter and the like needs to be arranged, and meanwhile, on-line detection equipment such as an oxygen sensor, a dust sensor and the like is installed and alarm feedback is set.
In fig. 8, the gas discharge sequence is, firstly, the exhaust gas blowing system 110, then the dedusting system 120, then the cooling and dewatering system 130 (the condensed sewage is discharged after reaching the standard after being treated by the sewage treatment system), then the adsorption and concentration system 360, then the combustion and deodorization system 390, then the chimney discharge system 140, and finally the exhaust gas is discharged after reaching the standard. The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention can provide a stable and efficient comprehensive treatment technology for production waste gas, and has the advantages of simple structure and capability of selecting various exhaust modes according to different input gases.
The present inventors have found that there are a plurality of production stages in the production process, and the exhaust gas generated in each production stage is the same or different, and in response to this, it is possible to perform the exhaust gas treatment by switching different routes at regular time. However, the time of each production phase is not fixed although it is regular, and may be performed simultaneously, and timing or manual switching may result in poor precision, imprecise waste gas treatment, and less intelligent. Thus:
the control system is described below:
as mentioned above, the control system is used for making a decision and sending the exhaust gas treated by the temperature-reducing dehydration system into one of the paths (i.e. the target path) through valve control, so as to treat the exhaust gas treated by the temperature-reducing dehydration system through the one path.
Specifically, the control system is used for deciding a target path into which the waste gas treated by the cooling and dewatering system flows in the next time interval according to the waste gas treated by the cooling and dewatering system in the current time interval and the historical time interval, and switching the current path to the target path through valve control so as to treat the waste gas treated by the cooling and dewatering system in the next time interval through the target path.
The control system is used for executing the following operations:
(1) respectively acquiring a plurality of group decision factors in each time interval; each group of decision factors comprises air outlet speed, humidity, temperature and air pressure of an output pipeline of the cooling dehydration system; the dust content and the dust type of the treated waste gas and the content of each component of the treated waste gas, wherein each component is hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, organic sulfur, organic amine, organic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and the like; namely, the plurality of group decision factors are obtained in one time interval;
(2) averaging the multiple groups of decision factors in each time interval to obtain a group of average values of each time interval; for example, the wind outlet speeds in each group of decision factors in one of the time intervals are averaged, so as to obtain an average value of the wind outlet speeds corresponding to the time interval;
(3) vectorizing the corresponding group average value of each time interval to obtain a decision factor vector of each time interval;
(4) inputting the decision factor vector of each time interval into a pre-trained long-short term memory network model according to the time sequence of each time interval, and outputting the hidden vector of each time interval through the long-short term memory network model; the long-short term memory network is obtained through massive historical decision factor vectors and corresponding path label training. The specific training may be to adopt a loss function and other techniques, which are not described in detail in this patent.
(5) Constructing a first two-dimensional vector matrix according to the hidden vectors of each time interval;
(6) performing convolution operation on the first two-dimensional vector matrix to obtain a plurality of one-dimensional vectors;
(7) inputting a plurality of one-dimensional vectors into a classification model trained in advance to obtain target vectors; the target vector comprises a plurality of vector parameters, each vector parameter representing a probability of use of a respective path; the classification model can be obtained based on logistic regression, naive Bayes, decision trees, support vector machines, random forests, gradient lifting trees and other training;
the higher the probability of use, the more suitable the corresponding path is for treating the treated exhaust gas in the next time interval, i.e. the higher the treatment effect and efficiency.
(8) Determining the path with the highest use probability as a target path:
mode 1: if the current path is the target path, switching is not needed;
mode 2: if the current path is not the target path, switching to the target path;
mode 3: if the current path is not the target path, judging whether the weight value corresponding to the target path is larger than that corresponding to the current path or not according to the target path, the current path and the respective weight values; if so, switching to the target path, otherwise, not executing switching operation.
It should be noted that the weight value of each path is set according to the average usage cost of the corresponding path, for example, the higher the average usage cost of one path is, the lower the weight value corresponding to the path is. Mode 3 can balance between cost processing and cost of use of the path, thereby providing a compromise between the two.
The control system also acquires waste gas detection data of an outlet of the chimney discharge system and judges whether the waste gas processed by the current path reaches a preset standard. And if the exhaust gas treated by the current path does not reach the preset standard, directly switching to the target path.
As a further optimization solution, it is proposed that,
further comprising: constructing a second two-dimensional vector according to the decision factor vector of each time interval;
inputting the second two-dimensional vector into a feature extraction model, wherein the feature extraction model is a trained convolutional network;
extracting the second two-dimensional vector features through the feature extraction model to obtain a feature map;
pooling the feature map and converting the feature map into a one-dimensional feature vector;
inputting the one-dimensional feature vector and the plurality of one-dimensional vectors in the step (6) into a classification model to obtain the target vector.
In the optimization scheme, the target vector is generated according to the hidden vector predicted by the long-term and short-term memory network and is restrained by the current decision factor, so that the stability of waste gas treatment can be improved to a certain extent.
The waste gas treatment system provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure and stable operation, and can intelligently control the path of waste gas treatment, thereby realizing the diversity and flexibility of waste gas treatment and providing the treatment efficiency of various waste gases.
It should be noted that, the partial systems in the multiple paths realize the sharing of the system to be processed through valve control. Thus, some paths are not fixed, but can be generated temporarily by the control system controlling the valve. Therefore, the intelligent selection of the path and the temporary gradual effective improvement of the reusability of the system are achieved.
The intelligent prediction and selection of the path of the next time interval are obtained by various decision factors and a long-short term memory network. These decision factors include: the air outlet speed, humidity, temperature and air pressure of an output pipeline of the cooling dehydration system; the dust content and the dust type of the treated waste gas and the content of each component of the treated waste gas, wherein each component is hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, esters, organic sulfur, organic amine, organic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons, terpenes and the like; that is, one time interval obtains the plurality of group decision factors. Through the experiment of the inventor, the decision factors are combined, the exhaust gas treatment effect, the efficiency and the like of each path can be evaluated from multiple dimensions, and the optimal decision is obtained.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an exhaust treatment system, its characterized in that includes through the exhaust treatment system, dustproof system and the cooling dewatering system of pipeline series connection in proper order, still includes a plurality of processing system and the control system that awaits the selection, wherein:
the multiple to-be-selected treatment systems are used for constructing any one or more paths of multiple paths through pipelines and valves, and the inlet of each path is connected with the outlet of the cooling and dehydrating system through a pipeline and a valve;
and the control system is used for making a decision and sending the waste gas treated by the temperature reduction and dehydration system into one of the paths through valve control so as to treat the waste gas treated by the temperature reduction and dehydration system through the one path.
2. The exhaust treatment system of claim 1, wherein the plurality of paths comprises:
the first path comprises an oxidation deodorization system and an ultrasonic strengthening treatment system which are connected in series;
the second path comprises a multi-stage spraying system and a demisting system which are connected in series;
the third path comprises the oxidation deodorization system, the multistage spraying system, an ultrasonic strengthening treatment system and a demisting system which are connected in series;
the fourth path comprises the oxidation deodorization system, the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system and the adsorption deodorization system which are connected in series;
a fifth path including an adsorption deodorization system;
a sixth pathway comprising a biological deodorization system;
and a seventh path which comprises an adsorption concentration system and a combustion deodorization system which are connected in series.
3. The exhaust gas treatment system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the control system is further configured to determine a target path into which the exhaust gas treated by the temperature reduction dehydration system flows in a next time interval according to the exhaust gas treated by the temperature reduction dehydration system in the current time interval and the exhaust gas treated by the historical time interval, and switch the current path to the target path through valve control, so as to treat the exhaust gas treated by the temperature reduction dehydration system in the next time interval through the target path.
4. The exhaust treatment system of claim 2, further comprising:
the first dust sensor is connected with the dust removal system and the cooling and dewatering system and used for monitoring the dust removal degree of the dust removal system in real time;
the first pressure sensor is connected with the dust removal system, the dust sensor and the cooling and dewatering system, and is used for monitoring the pressure of the dust removal system in real time.
5. The exhaust treatment system of claim 2, further comprising:
the first temperature and humidity sensor is connected with the cooling and dehydrating system and used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the cooling and dehydrating system;
the sewage treatment system is connected with the cooling dehydration system and used for receiving the condensation sewage discharged by the cooling dehydration system and treating the condensation sewage to reach the discharge standard.
6. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 2,
the oxidation deodorization system comprises an ozone generator, a photocatalytic oxidation deodorization device and a low-temperature plasma deodorization device, and is used for sterilizing waste gas in the cooling dehydration system and harmful organisms of products.
7. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 2,
and the multistage spraying system is used for reducing the dust-containing, moisture-containing and peculiar smell factors of the waste gas treated by the oxidation deodorization system, the dust removal system or the cooling and dehydration system.
8. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 7,
the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system is used for accelerating the decomposition of ozone discharged by the oxidation deodorization system and strengthening the removal of peculiar smell;
the demisting system comprises a baffle plate, a rotational flow plate and a wire mesh demister and is used for separating liquid drops formed by gas with entrainment through the inertia impact effect of the gas when the gas with entrainment flows through the wire mesh demister at a preset speed;
the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system is connected with the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system and used for sensing the ozone degree of the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system;
the system also comprises a second pressure sensor which is connected with the chimney exhaust system and is used for monitoring the pressure of the chimney exhaust system in real time.
9. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 8,
the adsorption deodorization system is used for transferring the malodorous substances of the ultrasonic wave strengthening treatment system from a gas phase to a solid phase through the adsorption function of an adsorbent, wherein the adsorption function comprises physical adsorption or chemical adsorption; or
The third pressure sensor is connected with the adsorption deodorization system and used for sensing the pressure of the adsorption deodorization system; or
The temperature sensor is connected with the adsorption deodorization system and used for sensing the temperature of the adsorption deodorization system.
10. The exhaust gas treatment system of claim 9,
the biological deodorization system is used for decomposing the odor of the gas discharged by the cooling dehydration system through the metabolism of microorganisms fixed on the filter material;
the biological deodorization system is characterized by further comprising a second temperature and humidity sensor connected with the biological deodorization system, and the second temperature and humidity sensor is used for detecting the temperature and humidity of the biological deodorization system.
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